Maximum Performance Efficiency Research Articles

Strategizing emissions reduction investment for a livestock production farm amid power demand pattern: A path to sustainable growth under the carbon cap environmental regulation

Livestock production companies come under increasing responsibility to reduce their environmental impact, and thereby, the simultaneous decision-making of inventory replenishment and emissions reduction investment has become essential for ensuring sustainable development in the livestock farming business. This study investigates, for the first time, the best investment strategy for a livestock farming business under the carbon cap (CC) environmental legislation, taking into account both the edible and non-edible parts of slaughtering mature growing items (GIs) after procuring and feeding baby GIs. By fusing economic and environmental factors, this study aims to shed light on two crucial issues: (i) figuring out the appropriate level of investment needed for the farm to adhere to the CC environmental regulation; and (ii) evaluating the effect of the investment decision on the farm's expenses and emissions levels. To deal with these insights, a thorough analytical framework integrating mathematical modeling methodology, economic evaluation, and carbon accounting approaches is employed. By analyzing the interaction between the farm's emissions reduction investments and replenishment choices, the cost-effective investment level is determined that enables the farm to satisfy the carbon cap obligation while guaranteeing maximum operational efficiency. The results of this study have important ramifications for livestock farming businesses trying to make their way through the stringent CC emission law. The results indicate that in order to keep the business feasible when the cap of the CC guideline is low, the livestock-producing farm should give priority to investing in minimizing feed emissions and using cutting-edge manure treatment methods.

Multibeam-based mmWave segmented beamforming array system for high efficiency and secure communication

A new mmWave transmitter architecture with multibeam-based segmented beamforming arrays (SBAs) for high-efficiency and secure communication is proposed. Unlike convetional communication architecture, which transmits a high-order QAM signal through a single RF-chain, the proposed structure transmits independently controlled multiple QPSK signals to form M-QAM signals. The multiple independent SBA chains radiate independent QPSK signals at each chain’s maximum operation efficiency to reduce the peak-to-average-power ratio. Then, multiple beams with QPSK signals are steered by the SBAs to form a line of combination (LoC) where multiple QPSK signals are spatially vector-combined to generate M-QAM signals correctly. For any unidentified receiver outside the LoC, the desired high-order QAM signals cannot be retrieved owing to the lack of required sets of QPSK signals and SBA steering information. Thus, higher data security can be also guaranteed. To verify the proposed architecture, 28-GHz SBA-based transmitter and reference receiver were implemented. Three QPSK signal sets were transmitted by three SBAs supporting independent beamforming to flexibly create a narrow LoC where the receiver retrieved 64-QAM signals successfully. Furthermore, secured data transmission was verified with an extra eavesdropper in the vicinity of the target receiver. By controlling the LoC, only the target receiver successfully demodulated the 64-QAM signals.

Study of an autonomous solar power plant for a motorhome

Problem. An RV combines two essential features desired by modern travelers: the ability to relax in unconventional locations while still being able to work remotely if your job requires remote access. However, if you're accustomed to the conveniences that rely on electrical power, you'll find yourself searching for places to connect to the centralized power grid. Alternatively, you'll need to seek solutions to this issue. One of the most intriguing and effective solutions is the installation of a low-power solar power station on the RV, based on photovoltaic modules. This solution enables you to park and enjoy any location you prefer while benefiting from all the available technologies powered by electricity. Goal. This study aims to investigate the installation of an autonomous solar power station on an RV and determine its electrical power generation capacity. Methodology. Analytical research methods were employed to explore the development and application of solar energy conversion methods and devices to generate electricity. Experimental research methods and mathematical techniques for processing experimental data were also utilized. Results. The RV type suitable for installing an autonomous solar power station has been identified, specifically the Roller Team Sirio 599. An investigation of its equipment in terms of electricity consumption has been conducted. Furthermore, a self-sustaining solar station has been proposed for the selected RV, and the electricity generation schedule of this station has been studied. The electricity consumption by RV appliances has been thoroughly examined. Originality. This study explored the volt-ampere characteristics of photovoltaic modules and their power generation dependency on the load. The investigated photovoltaic modules demonstrate maximum operational efficiency in the active load range from 3 ohms to 3.5 ohms. Practical Value. The research findings indicate that starting from March, the solar power station on the RV is fully capable of meeting its electricity consumption needs. In the winter months, particularly in November, in Ukraine's climate conditions, this solar power station may only cover a portion of electricity consumption needs. Considering that electrical devices are often used for heating the RV, this solar power station should not be relied upon as the primary source of electrical power.

Operational Efficiency and Environmental Impacts of Food Service Establishments in Phuket, Thailand

The expansion of global tourism development has led to an increase in environmental burdens. This study aimed to assess the operational performance and the environmental impacts associated with food service establishments in Phuket, an international tourist island in Thailand. A joint application of life cycle assessment and data envelopment analysis was employed to evaluate environmental burdens and calculate the efficiency scores encompassing several inputs and outputs of each food service establishment. There are several characteristics of food service establishments that affect their operational and environmental performance. The results showed that location, opening hours, and surrounding conditions are key factors driving the performance of air-conditioned food service establishments, while the performance of non-air-conditioned ones is mainly decided by opening hours. However, these factors are not significant for the performance of street food service establishments. It is advised to carefully consider the characteristics of the included food service establishments based on their products and services to enhance their performance. As an effort to achieve a balanced connection between environmental quality and economic growth, it is essential to evaluate both operational and environmental performance. Attaining maximum operational efficiency does not necessarily ensure the same for eco-efficiency.

A study of Inter-Technology Information Management (ITIM) system for industry-education integration

The integration of big data technology in the manufacturing process has become a norm, and as society's dependence on the digital economy increases, colleges and universities must adjust their teaching methods to cater to their students' needs. In evaluating the success of business-school partnerships, there is a need for common criteria and visualising data analysis results. However, the current educational approach presents some challenges, including a lack of practical experience with software, overemphasis on theoretical concepts, and inadequate training in problem-oriented statistical modeling and big data statistics projects. Industry-education cooperation should be leveraged to enhance the implementation of big data technology and promote its overall development. This paper analyses the shortcomings of traditional talent training models in higher education and proposes incorporating industrial education to address the gaps. The paper aims to bridge the industry-education gap by developing and implementing an Inter-Technology Information Management (ITIM) system for quality education. The ITIM system uses a fuzzy algorithm to evaluate the quality of education and provides various intelligent functional modules, such as group management, financial management, and process-to-process communication. Compared to other integration models, the proposed management system offers superior performance with an industrial education performance accuracy of 98%, an average analysis, and calculation time of 20 ms and a maximum performance efficiency of 98%.By incorporating dynamic analysis of industry education, the experimental results of the talent training model have led to improvements in teaching effectiveness, student learning, and theoretical-applied teaching quality.

A control strategy study of a renewable CCHP energy system integrated hydrogen production unit—A Case Study of an Industrial Park in Jiangsu Province

This paper describes a renewable energy system incorporating a hydrogen production unit to address the imbalance between energy supply and demand. The system utilizes renewable energy and hydrogen production energy to release energy to fill the power gap during peak demand power supply for demand peaking and valley filling. The system is optimized by analyzing marine predator behavioral logic and optimizing the system for maximum operational efficiency and best economic value. The results of the study show that after the optimized scheduling of the hydrogen production coupled renewable energy integrated energy system using the improved marine predator optimization algorithm, the energy distribution of the whole energy system is good, with the primary energy saving rate maintained at 24.75%, the CO2 emission reduction rate maintained at 42.32%, and the cost saving rate maintained at 0.78%. In addition, this paper uses the Adaboost-BP prediction model to predictively analyze the system. The results show that as the price of natural gas increases, the advantages of the combined hydrogen production renewable integrated energy system proposed in this paper become more obvious, and the cumulative cost over three years is better than other related systems. These research results provide an important reference for the application and development of the system.

Improving the Performance of ALOHA with Internet of Things Using Reinforcement Learning

Intelligent medium access control (MAC) protocols have been a vital solution in enhancing the performance of a variety of wireless networks. ALOHA, as the first MAC approach, inspired the development of several MAC schemes in the network domain, with the primary advantage of simplicity. In this article, we present design, implementation, and performance evaluations of the ALOHA approach, through significant improvements in attaining high channel utilization as the most important performance metric. A critical emphasis is currently focused on removing the burden of packet collisions, while satisfying requirements of energy and delay criteria. We first implement the ALOHA protocol to practically explore its performance behaviors in comparison to analytical models. We then introduce the concept of dynamic payload instead of fixed-length packets, whereby a dynamic selection of the length of each transmitted packet is employed. Another specific contribution of this paper is the integration of the transmission policy of ALOHA with the potential of Internet of Things (IoT) opportunities. The proposed policy utilizes a state-less Q-learning strategy to achieve the maximum performance efficiency. Performance outputs prove that the proposed idea ensures a maximum throughput of approximately 58%, while ALOHA is limited to nearly 18% over a single-hop scenario.

Asphaltene Inhibitor Screening of Next Generation: Automated High-Throughput Experimentation Method

Asphaltene deposition has been a critical flow assurance challenge, and chemical treatment with continuous asphaltene inhibitor injection has been the go-to approach for operators to preemptively tackle this challenge. Development of the right inhibitor chemistry and dosage is challenging and critical. A smart, automated process for screening numerous asphaltene inhibitor formulations based on the design of experiment (DoE) and high-throughput experimentation (HTE) method has been developed and is discussed in this work. Asphaltene inhibitor formulations with distinct base chemistries, boosters, and solvent packages were blended in various ratios to encompass a large chemical and formulation space with the automated blending station of the HTE setup. These formulations were then dosed into a multitude of crude oil samples produced from different regions of the world at constant dosages to represent a uniform and comparable test fluid matrix. The dispersion state of asphaltene clusters within dosed oil samples, in their native state, was then evaluated using the HTE-asphaltene differential aggregation probe test (ADAPT) techniques to generate thousands of performance data points. Furthermore, the efficiency of top-performing formulations was then cross-validated using standard optical transmittance and deposition-based techniques to gauge performance. The four main pillars of the HTE technique are automation, miniaturization, parallelization, and computational design. Each of these pillars contributes to enhancing the current test method into a more accurate, agile, and quicker technique. Through automation, the overall accuracy of formulation blending as well as performance efficiency measurement is increased. With miniaturization, the resource consumption of raw materials and more importantly crude oil is considerably reduced. For this work, each formulation required less than 300 µL of oil per measurement. Parallelization resulted in completing the test evaluation at a rate of 600 evaluations every 4 hours. These results can then be analyzed through the computational design and analytics software to identify the top-performing formulations along with predicting the optimal chemical formulation space that can lead to maximum performance efficiency. The selected formulations were subsequently blended on a bigger laboratory scale, and their efficacy was cross-checked with both dispersion- (optical transmittance and thermoelectric methods) and deposition-based (flow loop setup) techniques against a benchmark asphaltene inhibitor product, known to work successfully in many fields having asphaltene instability related issues. Through this process, several new asphaltene inhibitor formulations were discovered that outperformed the benchmark blend. Automated HTE technology provides a new dimension to asphaltene inhibitor development work that can carry out performance evaluation of numerous formulations at tremendous speed and minimum crude oil volume. With this technique, one can quickly adapt to the changing requirements of asphaltene inhibitor and its dosage with varying crude oil composition, gas/oil ratio, water cut, or any operational change affecting overall asphaltene stability.

Effective lane width analysis for autonomous trucks

Lateral wander of autonomous truck can be further improved by optimizing the uniform wander. Increase in available lane width for the autonomous trucks can increase the performance efficiency of this mode. This research is based on finding the optimum, combination of lane width increment and asphalt layer thickness reduction among different scenarios. Therefore, In this research with assumed maximum lane width of 4.35 m, difference combination of lane width and asphalt layer thickness scenarios have been analyzed using finite element modelling in ABAQUS. Considering the base pavement width of 3.75 m, increment for each scenario is 15 cm and reduction in asphalt layer thickness is at 2 cm. Performance efficiency of each scenario is conducted while considering the initial construction costs and damage assessment for each scenario. Moreover, life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is conducted for the base scenario and selected optimum scenario. Results show that increase in pavement width beyond 4.2 m, renders the scenarios uneconomical and thus, the scenario consisting of 4.2 m lane width and 16 cm asphalt layer thickness yield a maximum performance efficiency of 20% among all other alternatives. LCCA analysis shows that a difference in salvage value of 42 million Euros exists when compared with the base scenario. By selecting the optimum lane width of 4.2 m and asphalt layer thickness of 16 cm, Pavement lifetime can be further increased by 13 years with full depth reclamation used as maintenance intervention.

Design and implementation of a novel dust collector controller for powder production industry

Industries those work with powder either in production or processing always left a portion of industrial dust in the air. By releasing this air directly in the surrounding environment of the industry pollution occurs. Therefore air filtration system is mandatory in these industries and usually bag filter dust collector controller is used. To control and maintain the proper functionality of the bag filtration system PLC based control system or a modular control board is used. In this paper, a novel dust collector controller is designed which can be installed by any user without having any programming knowledge. The main control keys of the control board are the pulse duration and pulse interval which drive the solenoid valves to release air pressure on the filter bags sequentially. Pulse duration can be controlled in the range of 0.01-0.9 seconds and pulse interval can be varied in the range of 1-99 seconds to control 10 rows of pulse jet simultaneously connected with the solenoid valve. The Number of rows can be adjusted and expanded if required. Moreover, noiseless switching provides silent operational functionalities and switching durability as well as the addition of surge controller ensures a complete protection from any sudden high electrical surge. The finally developed prototype was tested in different industries and provides maximum operational efficiency, which can effectively control online bag filter dust collector to separate micro dust particles from the polluted air.

КОНСТРУИРОВАНИЕ ТРУБОПРОВОДНОЙ ЗАПОРНОЙ АРМАТУРЫ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ЗАКОНОВ ГИДРОСТАТИКИ И ГИДРОДИНАМИКИ

Study objective. Giving grounds to the possibility of making pipeline stop valves with minimal mass and size parameters and maximum operational efficiency.
 The task to which the paper is devoted. Reduction of mass and size parameters of pipeline stop valves.
 Research methods. The problems are solved according to the basic methods of hydrostatics (Pascal's law) and hydrodynamics (Bernoulli’s principle). 
 The novelty of the work. It consists in finding the possibility of replacing complex, large-sized and massive elements of pipeline control systems with simple elements operating according to the basic laws of hydraulics.
 Study results. The studies conducted confirm the possibility to simplify significantly the designs of pipeline stop valves, reducing the mass and size parameters and increasing the efficiency and reliability of pipeline systems. 
 Conclusions. Taking into account the peculiarities of the static and dynamic state of the fluid (liquid, gas), using the laws of hydrostatics and hydrodynamics, it is advisable to divide the entire structure of the pipeline stop valves into two interconnected devise components combined in one case: a device that locks the pipeline (stopping the fluid flow), and a device that opens the pipeline (ensuring the fluid flow). At the same time, one of the devices operates due to high-speed (dynamic) fluid pressure, and the second - due to static pressure.

Isolated Resonant Switched Capacitor Converter With Voltage Self-Balancing Ability

This article proposes an isolated resonant switched capacitor converter (I-RSCC) for high-voltage applications. The dc capacitors’ voltages achieve self-balancing with the resonant switched capacitor units (RSCUs). The voltage stress of the switching devices is reduced. The isolated rectifier (IR) is used for galvanic isolation and energy transfer. The number of switching devices is reduced by multiplexing parts switching devices functions, which helps the compact design. In this article, the topology and operation principle of I-RSCC are introduced in detail. Then, the output characteristics of I-RSCC are analyzed, including the voltage balance operation, the energy transmission path, the voltage conversion ratio, and the output power. The design example of I-RSCC is also presented. Finally, a 10-kW prototype is built to verify the feasibility of the proposed I-RSCC topology. The results show that soft switching is realized, and the maximum operation efficiency is 96.5% and above 96% at the rated power.

A multi-objective energy coordinative and management policy for solid oxide fuel cell using triune brain large-scale multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient

In this paper, a data-driven multi-objective energy coordinative management policy is proposed in order to enhance the net output power and efficiency of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and prevent constraint violations. This study focuses on the optimization agent and controller design for a SOFC power system to maintain stable oxygen excess ratio (OER) and fuel utilization (FU) ratio as well as meet the load demand simultaneously. The optimization agent is responsible for output the reference OER and FU, aiming to achieve maximum net output power and operational efficiency as well as dynamic constraint satisfaction times in terms of OER and FU in real time. By applying reference OER and FU settings, the air and hydrogen flow within the SOFC can be effectively controlled by coordination of the air control agent and hydrogen control agent, respectively. In addition, a triune brain large-scale multi-agent deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm (TBL-MADDPG) is proposed. In order to improve the robustness of the proposed policy, the design of TBL-MADDPG entails curriculum learning, imitation learning and a large-scale multi-agent training framework. The performance of this proposed method is verified by the experiment.

Thermopower in a boundary-driven bosonic ladder in the presence of a gauge field

We consider a bosonic two-legged ladder whose two-band energy spectrum can be tuned in the presence of a uniform gauge field, to four distinct scenarios: degenerate or non-degenerate ground states with gapped or gapless energy bands. We couple the ladder to two baths at different temperatures and chemical potentials and analyze the efficiency and power generated in the linear as well as nonlinear response regime. Our results, obtained with the Green's function method, show that the maximum performance efficiency and generated power are strongly dependent on the type of the underlying energy spectrum. We also show that the ideal scenario for efficient energy conversion, as well as power generation, corresponds to the case in which the spectrum has a gap between the bands, and the ground state is degenerate.

Research on Optimization of E-commerce Supply Chain Management Process Based on Internet of Things Technology

With the development of information network technology, online shopping has become more and more accepted and chosen by people, the demand for logistics and express delivery industry is also increasing. In today’s e-commerce era, the global logistics industry has a new development trend, called modern logistics. In modern logistics, the requirements for the important link of warehouse logistics and distribution are also increasing. The goal of supply chain management is to achieve maximum operational efficiency while minimizing capital investment, which is of great significance for e-logistics distribution. Based on this, this paper explores the application of Internet of Things technology in the supply chain management of e-logistics.

Direct Detection of Ofloxacin using MWCNT@Sm(OH)3 Nanocomposite Modified Carbon Paste Electrode

One of the most important quinolones, Ofloxacin (OFX), was directly determined using a carbon paste electrode modified by MWCNT@Sm(OH)3 nanocomposite using fast Fourier transform square wave voltammetry. The prepared electrode showed a considerable current increase compared to a bare one. The electrode surface was thoroughly characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The maximum performance efficiency of the developed electrode was reached at a scan rate of 0.1 V s−1, phosphate buffer pH 8 while the electrode contained 7% of Sm(OH)3 nanoparticles and 5% of MWCNT in the entire paste. Based on the results, a wide linear range of response toward OFX concentration from 0.01 to 1.00 μM was obtained (frequency of 700 Hz, number of cycles 8, and amplitude of 20 mV) and the limit of detection of 0.8 nM was achieved on top. The proposed electrode also successfully identified OFX in some pharmaceutical formula as well with adequate sensitivity and selectivity.

Performance evaluation of slicer cum shredder for commercialization

The present work focuses on development of an improved portable multipurpose slicer cum shredder that takes care of the problems mentioned above. Multipurpose vegetable slicer cum shredder constitutes mainly of the feeder assembly, cutter assembly and the power transmission assembly. The size reduction process involved a lot of physical labor and material wastes. Therefore, in order to improve the processing method and enhance its hygienic level, there is the need of mechanization of the slicing method. The performance of developed slicer cum shredder was evaluated for slicing of potato and cucumber and for shredding of carrot and bottle gourd. The known amount of peeled product was sliced/shredded at four different rpm and three replications were made. The machine performance was evaluated with regard to the capacity, breakage percent, thickness of sliced vegetables and wastage during processing. On 500 rpm, maximum performance efficiency (86.33 percent), slicing efficiency (85.67 percent), capacity (94.33 kg/h), and effective capacity (81 kg/h) was observed and on the other hand minimum mechanical loss (5 percent) and breakage percent (14.33 percent) was observed. Potato slices for producing chips have 0.92 RI. The developed machine operated at 500 rpm gives best result for carrot shredding. On this rpm, maximum performance efficiency (98.66 percent), capacity (70.63 kg/h) was observed and on the other hand minimum mechanical loss (2 percent) was found. The cost benefit ratio for processing of potatoes was found to be 2.28 with a payback period of 4 years. It can be inferred that the processing unit for potatoes processing is techno- economically viable industry. The main goal is to create a quick, safe, and easy way to slice vegetable with increased productivity and cost effectiveness.

Стратегии поведения промышленного предприятия на энергетических рынках как инструмент реализации принципа рационального поведения

To ensure the sustainability of their market, energy-intensive industrial companies need to address energy efficiency issues. Companies that are prepared for higher tariffs, structural changes in fuel and energy markets, and shortages of energy resources have a wider range of options for responding to new challenges posed by the external environment and reducing their risks. This challenge becomes especially relevant in the context of the development of closed-loop economy aimed at resource optimization, energy conservation, zero-waste production and business models based on maximum operational efficiency. This research aims to build a comprehensive view of the rational behavior of industrial energy consumers in an effort to maximize the benefits and potential of energy markets to reduce the cost of energy supply, increase the level of electrification of industrial production and use the opportunity of their own energy business, as well as identify the main strategies of manufacturing companies in the energy market and the conditions for their effective implementation. The article describes the basic principles of rational behavior, which serve as a basis for the effective implementation of various strategies (seller’s, buyer’s or combined strategy) for industrial enterprises. The connection between rational behavior and management of the energy market potential in the company, as a combination of technological, economic and organizational actions, performed by the energy consumer in the competitive market, and effective management of market risks is shown. Forms of off-grid power supply and conditions of their application in production were analyzed on the example of mini-CHP. The offered classification of behavior strategies of an enterprise at the power market allows making a rational choice among various variants of behavior corresponding to concrete marketing purposes of the company. The choice can be made by analyzing the technological features of production processes, determining the marketing goals of the company, checking the volume of demand and the structure of demand (supply) for the main products of the company, as well as the amount of energy needed for production. It has been shown that as smallscale generation technologies become more advanced, having an on-site energy source becomes a more attractive option. Along with the penetration of smart technologies into core production practices and the transition to a new energy paradigm, conditions are created for the integrated use of various resource reserves.

NISC-Based MIMO MMSE Detector

Several application-specific processor design approaches have been proposed and investigated to cope with the emerging flexibility requirements jointly associated with the maximum performance efficiency and minimum implementation area and power consumption. Dynamic scheduling of a set of instructions generally leads to an overhead related to instruction decoding. To mitigate this overhead, other approaches have been proposed using static scheduling of datapath control signals. In this context, No-Instruction-Set-Computer (NISC) concept have been introduced considering that a dedicated processor to a specific application does not need an instruction set especially when it is programmed by its designers and not by its users. In this paper, the hardware architecture design of flexible NISC-based architecture design dedicated for minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) linear detection is presented. The devised design, which is used in iterative turbo-receiver, fulfills the performance requirements of emergent wireless communication standards with throughput reaching that of LTE-Advanced. FPGA hardware implementation of the detector architecture achieves a maximum throughput of 115.8 Mega symbols per second for [Formula: see text] and 6.4 Mega symbols per second for [Formula: see text] MIMO systems for an operating clock frequency of 202.67[Formula: see text]MHz.

A Study on the performance Restoration of Torque Converters for Passenger Car 6-Speed Automatic Transmissions with Remanufacturing Process Technology

We have developed a remanufacturing process technology that can restore the original performance of the toque converters for passenger car 6-speed automatic transmissions. The suitability of this remanufacturing process technology for performance restoration was verified by comparing the maximum performance efficiency values for three remanufactured torque converters and two original products. In the performance efficiency test, the maximum performance efficiency values of the remanufactured torque converters were 89.00 %, 88.98 %, and 88.51 %, respectively, with an average value of 88.83 %, and the maximum performance efficiency values for the original torque converters were 88.49 % and 88.32 %, respectively, with an average value of 88.41 %. As a result of comparing the maximum performance efficiency values of the remanufactured torque converters with those of the original torque converters, the average maximum efficiency value of the remanufactured products was 0.42 % points higher than that of the original products. Therefore, the suitability of the torque converter remanufacturing process technology developed through this study was verified, and it was found that the remanufactured torque converter was restored to the same or better performance than the original torque converter.