Maximum Leaf Weight Research Articles

Effect of sowing windows and nitrogen levels on growth and fodder yield of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) under South Eastern Rajasthan

An experiment conducted at Agricultural Research Station Ummedganj, Kota, Rajasthan during Rabi (2018-19 and 2019-20). The experiment was laid-out in split plot design with four replications having sixteen treatment combinations of four sowing windows (25th October, 05th November, 15th November and 25th November) allocated in main plot and four nitrogen levels (100, 125, 150 and 200 % RDN) in sub plot. Significantly higher leaf weight/10 plants (g) and 10 plant’s stem weight (g) of ryegrass were noted when the sowing occurred on November 05th during first cutting at 45, second cutting at 75, third cutting at 105 and fourth cutting at 135 DAS over sowing of ryegrass on 15th and 25th November, respectively. Ryegrass sown on 05th November had a significantly higher green and dry fodder yield (1184 and 224 q/ha) than sown on 15th and 25th November. However, it was found at par with sown on 25th October sowing (1145 and 220 q/ha).Under 150 % RDN application at 45, 75, 105, and 135 DAS sowing on 5th November, the maximum leaf weight (g) and stem weight (g) of ryegrass were measured over application of 100% RDN and 125% RDN. Application of 150% RDN gave significantly higher green and dry fodder yield (1112 and 202 q/ha) over application of 100 and 125% RDN, but it was found at par with application of 200% RDN (1121 and 205 q/ha) green and dry fodder yield in the pooled analysis.

Response of broccoli to foliar application of zinc and boron concentrations

An experiment to study the response of broccoli to foliar application of zinc and boron concentrations was carried out under field condition during 2013-14 at Horticulture Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar. Zinc at the rate of (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0%) and boron at the rate of (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0%) were applied as a foliar spray using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replication. Maximum plant height (40.49 cm) and number of leaves plantˉ1 (13.08), were noted at 0.5 % Zn, while Zn @ 1% resulted in maximum leaf weight (9.66 g) and maximum number of curd plant-1 (9.17. Regarding B maximum plant height (39.31cm) was observed with 0.25% boron while minimum (32.30 cm) in plants sprayed with 1% boron. B @ 0.5% resulted in maximum number of leaves plantˉ1 (12.83). Maximum leaf weight (10.17 g) and number of curds plantˉ1 (8.41) were noted at 1 % boron. Among various treatments used zinc and boron levels at the rate of 0.5%, showed better result in most of the growth and yield parameters. Keywords: Broccoli; Zinc; Boron; Growth; Yield http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2016.50105

Survey of chemical manure on morphological traits in Iranian Aloe vera

This experiment was conducted at the Institute of National Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology in Iran to evaluate the effect of different amount of fertilizers on the leaf and plant characteristics, as well as the yield characteristics of Aloe vera . There were 6 different treatments viz., T 1 = 100% soil (control), T 2 = 100 PK (50% P + 50% K), T 3 = 50% K + 50% soil, T 4 = 50% N + 50% soil, T 5 = 150% NPK (50% N + 50% P + 50% K), T 6 = 50% P + 50% soil. It was observed that the plant produced the highest mature leaf length and number of tillers plant-1 and maximum leaf weight as well as maximum weight of largest leaves with the application of 50% P + 50% K (T 2 ). Different plant characters such as mature leaf breadth and breadth of the largest leaf was also found to be high with T 5 treatment when compared with the control (100% soil). The number of leaves was also significantly affected by different fertilizer treatments where the maximum effect was noticed at early stages with T 4 (50% N). It was revealed that T 3 had a little effect on the number of leaves of A. vera over chemical fertilizer. Key words : Aloe vera, fertilizer, morphological traits, leaf growth.

Effects of fertilizer on morphological traits in Aloe vera

This experiment was conducted at the Institute of National Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology in Iran to evaluate the effect of different amount of fertilizers on the leaf and plant characteristics as well as yield of Aloe vera. There were 6 different treatments viz., T1 = 100% soil (control), T2 = 100 PK (50% P + 50% K), T3 = 50% K + 50% soil, T4 = 50% N + 50% soil, T5 = 150% NPK (50% N + 50% P + 50% K, T6 = 50% P + 50% soil. It was observed that the plant produced highest mature leaf length and number of tillers plant -1 and maximum leaf weight, as well as weight of largest leaves with application of 50% P+ 50% K (T2). Different plant characters such as mature leaf breadth and breadth of the largest leaf was also found to be highest with T5 treatment over control (100% soil). The number of leaves was also significantly affected by different fertilizer treatments where maximum effect was noticed at early stages with T4 (50% N). It was revealed that T3 had a little effect on number of leaves ofA. vera over chemical fertilizer. Key words: Aloe vera, fertilizer, morphological traits, leaf growth.

Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) response to different planting methods and row geometries. I. Effect on plant growth and yield

The 50-year-old ridge planting method of sugar beet was compared with new bed and flat planting methods under different row geometries. Sugar beet varieties Kawe Terma and KWS 1451 were tested on three planting methods, namely, ridge, bed and flat plantings in nine row geometries. Planting methods significantly affected the days to emergence, petiole length, leaf weight, number of beets harvested, specific leaf area, top to root ratio, top yield and root yield of crop. Emergence was better in almost all planting methods except on flat and three rows on bed. Petiole length and specific leaf area (SLA) of beets increased on ridges 60 cm apart. It was observed that SLA increased in planting methods where plant-to-plant distance decreased. Maximum leaf weight and number of beets at harvest was recorded on ridges 50 cm and two rows on bed. The top to root ratio was higher in beets planted on flat row geometries. Better growth and maximum number of beets at harvest resulted into maximum top yield and root yield in ridges 50 cm apart and two rows on bed. Growth of Kawe Terma performed better than KWS 1451 variety and produced higher beet yield.

Temperature Effects on Vegetative Growth of Round-Leaved Mallow (Malva pusilla)

Vegetative growth response of round-leaved mallow to various day/night temperature regimes was studied under controlled-environment conditions to predict its potential geographic distribution and to develop an effective control program. Round-leaved mallow dry matter production was greatest with day temperatures of 18 to 26 C. Dry matter accumulation was reduced by a night temperature of 6 C but was minimally affected by night temperatures ranging from 12 to 24 C. Regression analysis predicted minimal vegetative growth at mean daily temperatures below 8 C and above 30 C, with optimum growth at 20 C. Partitioning of round-leaved mallow biomass in leaves, stems, and roots was affected by temperature. Maximum leaf weight ratio occurred at low temperatures, 10 C day and 6 C night. Stem weight ratio was greatest at a day temperature of 26 C, with night temperature having little effect. Maximum root biomass occurred with a day temperature of 18 C. Results are discussed in terms of environmental conditions that allow round-leaved mallow to be an effective competitor with crops and potential approaches for its control.

Day and night temperature effects on vegetative growth of Erodium Cicutarium

SummaryThe vegetative growth response of Erodium cicutarium (L.) ĽHer. ex Ait. to various day:night temperature regimes was studied under controlled environment conditions. Dry matter production was greatest with day temperatures of 18 to 34^C combined with night temperatures of 12 to 18^C. A high night temperature of 24^C was very detrimental, reducing dry matter production to 15 to 25% of that attained at 12^C. The optimum mean daily temperature for growth of E. cicutarium is predicted to be in the range 17 to 20^C. Little growth is predicted at mean daily temperatures below 5^C and above 30^C. Partitioning of biomass in leaves, stems and roots was markedly affected by day and night temperatures. Stem weight ratio was greatest at day temperatures of 18 to 34^C and night temperatures of 18 to 24^C. Maximum leaf weight ratio occurred at day and night temperatures of 10 to 18^C. Root biomass was little affected by day temperatures, but was greatest at a night temperature of 12^C, declining substantially as night temperature increased from 12 to 24^C. Results are discussed in terms of the potential for E. cicutarium to become an increasingly troublesome weed in crops of the Canadian prairies and in terms of possible management strategies for its control.

Light Activation of Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase

The development of methods of preparation of long wavelength ultraviolet light capable of activating ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase is reported. This preparation was obtained from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaves which had reached about one-half maximum leaf weight. It was prepared at low ionic strength by use of mixed anion and cation exchange resins and buffers containing dimethylsulfoxide. The preparation is greatly enriched in fraction I protein to the point of apparent homogeneity. When assayed in the presence of saturating ribulose bisphosphate and sodium bicarbonate, the rate of carbon fixation is a linear function of long wavelength ultraviolet irradiation in the range of 20,000 to 30,000 ergs per square centimeter per second. Glutathione (5 mm) inhibits light activation without affecting activity in the dark. Copper sulfate inhibits both light and dark activity, but is slightly less effective in the presence of ultraviolet light. Sucrose inhibition of carboxylation is only readily apparent in the absence of ultraviolet light. Ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by solubilization in buffers containing dimethylsulfoxide plus heat treatment promotes ultraviolet light activation.

I. Growth analysis ofLupinus angustifoliuscv. ‘WAU11B’

Abstract Responses to trickle irrigation during flowering were studied in a spring sowing of Lupinus angustifolius at three densities. Non-irrigated plants reached maximum leaf weight 2 weeks earlier than irrigated plants, and plants at high density (156 plants/m2) had a peak leaf weight 6 weeks earlier than low-density plants (27 plants/m2). Maximum above-ground herbage from non-irrigated plots was 1200 g/m2, 116 days after sowing, and in irrigated plots 2000 g/m2 by 130 days. Herbage from low-density plants was of better nutrient quality, containing more leaf when dry weight was maximal. All non-irrigated plots had a similar seed yield averaging 552 g/m2. In low-density irrigated plots the yield was 733 g/m2. Low-density plants had higher relative growth rates and net assimilation rates, but leaf area ratios were similar to those of high density plants. Relative growth rates and leaf area ratios in irrigated plants were higher than in non-irrigated plants, but net assimilation rate was lower. Leaf area index was greater and was reached later in irrigated plots. Low-density irrigated plants had greater leaf area durations than high-density non-irrigated plants. Flowering began 60 days after sowing and was prolonged by irrigation which caused the production of upper branch inflorescences. Seed weight increase was more rapid in non-irrigated plants, with seeds reaching greater mean weights. In all treatments almost concurrent filling occurred in mainstem and branch seeds.

Variation of fibre length within trees of Fraxinusexcelsior

A systematic internodal analysis within three 22-year-old trees of European ash (Fraxinusexcelsior L.) showed that fibre length increased rapidly from the first ring from the pith outwards to about ring 7 (which coincided with maximum leaf weight within the crown), then increased more slowly to a maximum at about ring 14 (formed below the base of the crown). Since there was little variation in this pattern of increase in fibre length with height in the tree, an increment core taken at breast height should give an adequate indication of fibre length in the whole trunk in trees of this age. Fibre length varied significantly between seasons, independent of age or level in tree.Within growth rings, fibre length increased from earlywood to latewood, reaching a maximum before the end of the latewood. Fibre length was not correlated with ring width between rings (excluding the first five rings from the pith); this suggests that in Fraxinusexcelsior management treatments increasing wood production would not necessarily have an adverse effect on fibre length.

Weight–diameter relationships for 22 woody plant species

Prediction equations are presented for use in estimating total aboveground weight and maximum leaf weight for 22 species of woody plants. Stem diameter at the ground line was found to be closely correlated with both total and leaf weights. This diameter was therefore used in the equations as the measurement from which weights were predicted.