Maxilla Of Infants Research Articles

Anatomical Location of the Infraorbital Foramen in Infant Dry Skulls: Implications for Cleft Surgery.

Infraorbital foramen (IOF) is an important anatomical landmark in cleft lip surgery. The location of IOF within the maxilla of infants is different from adults. However, little information about anatomy of IOF in infants exists in the literature. This study aims to determine the location of IOF in infant dry skulls based on key surgical landmarks. All dry skulls under age 2 years old were selected from the Hamann-Todd Human Osteological Collection at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History (Cleveland, OH). Specimens without cranial bones or complete maxilla were excluded. Seven anatomical measurements were taken on each side of the face for each individual skull (14 measurements for each skull). Anatomical landmarks used for the measurements included infraorbital rim, aperture piriformis, alveolar ridge, zygomaticomaxillary buttress, anterior nasal spine (ANS), and inferolateral corner of the aperture piriformis. Twenty-seven halves of 14 dry skulls were included in the final analysis. The mean age of specimens was 0.57 years. Mean distances from infraorbital foramen to infraorbital rim, aperture piriformis, alveolar ridge, zygomaticomaxillary, and ANS buttress were 4.11 ± 0.82, 9.4 ± 1.62, 12.7 ± 2.71, 11.7 ± 1.54, and 18.4 ± 2.11 mm, respectively. This study also shows that the infraorbital foramen in infants is located at the level of the ANS or within 2 mm higher and that the distance between the infraorbital rim and foramen is only 3 to 4 mm. These findings should be applied to the cleft population with discretion.

Complex Correction of Complete Cleft Lip with Severe Prominent Premaxilla using Lip Adhesion and Nasoalveolar Molding Device.

Nasoalveolar molding (NAM) device is an effective treatment for protruding maxilla in infants with cleft palate. However, only a few studies have investigated the effect of NAM devices on the treatment of protruding maxilla in infants with cleft lip only. We have designed a combination treatment using NAM devices prior to cheiloplasy for cleft lip-only patients with severe anterior protrusion of the premaxilla. Three cleft lip-only infants with 1-cm or more of premaxilla protrusion were included. Definitive cheiloplasty was performed at 6 months of age without any preoperative correction in infant 1. Cheiloplasty was performed in conjunction with the use of NAM device and lip adhesion in infants 2 and 3. Postoperative columella length and anterior-posterior dimension of the protruding premaxilla were compared amongst the infants. We were able to obtain satisfactory postoperative columella length and general nasal appearance.

Rapidly Growing Lesions Involving the Maxilla in Infants

Several pathologic lesions can be responsible for rapid swelling of the maxilla during infancy. Two of these uncommon lesions are melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) and myofibroma. Despite these lesions being benign, they can have a destructive behavior that needs a meticulous diagnosis and early intervention. Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy often presents as a fast-growing lesion, suggesting a clinical impression of infection or malignant neoplasm. Local excision and curettage are appropriate treatments for MNTI. Myofibromas are a rare lesion in the maxilla during infancy and sometimes are mistaken for malignant lesions. Surgical excision has been considered as a choice treatment for maxillomandibular lesions.

Individualized Erlanger KS-Impression Trays for Infants with Cleft Lip and Palate

The use of individualized impression trays is required when taking impressions of the maxilla in infants with cleft lip and palate. Custom trays made of plastic such as polymethylmethacrylate, as well as generic, full-arch infant metal trays, have been used up to now. Given the increasing incidence of infectious diseases, the ability to sterilize impression trays for infants with cleft lip and palate is mandatory. Polymethylmethacrylate impression trays are altered in shape and consistency when autoclaved during the sterilization process. Therefore, they have to be fabricated afresh at regular intervals. Based on modified mold patterns of the available plastic trays, 44 pieces were sorted into four groups of 11 trays in ascending order of size. On these plaster casts, which served as the male part of the template, a 1-mm layer of sheet wax was applied. An optimized ergonomic wax handle was then fitted to the wax plate. Realization in a chromium-cobalt-molybdenum alloy was performed according to the lost wax principle. The sterilizable Erlangen KS-Impression tray (Erlanger KS-Abformlöffel®) is now available in 11 sizes for each of four basic forms. They meet current hygiene guidelines. They can be recommended for routine use when taking impressions in infants with any form of cleft lip and palate without complications.

Mandibular Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy Treated Conservatively With Enucleation

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is an uncommon, rapidly growing neoplasm of neural crest origin that primarily develops in the maxilla of infants during their first year of life. Mandibular lesions are rare and account for about 6% of all cases. Radical surgical excision is usually curative, but patients should be followed up closely because recurrence may occur in approximately 10% to 20% of cases. In this study, we report a case of mandibular MNTI in a 4-month-old male patient that was conservatively treated with enucleation and curettage and has shown no recurrence 11 years after surgery. Review of the English-language literature revealed that of more than 350 cases of MNTI reported so far, only 23, including the present one, have been encountered in the mandible. Most patients (91.3%) were younger than 1 year, whereas the male-to-female ratio was 1.3:1. Most lesions were treated with wide surgical excision, with only 2 cases being conservatively treated with enucleation. Recurrence was noted in 36.8% of cases at less than 3 months postoperatively. In conclusion, MNTI lesions in the mandible, albeit rare, show high recurrence rate. However, small-size mandibular MNTI lesions may be successfully treated with conservative enucleation. Close follow-up is highly recommended, in particular during the first 6 postoperative months.

Preliminary study on the reconstruction and analysis of digital maxillary cast of infants with cleft lip and palate

To reconstruct a digital maxillary cast of infants with cleft lip and palate (CLP) by laser scanning and to provide an analysis method for the edentulous cast of CLP. Under general anesthesia, an edentulous cast of one infant with right CLP was made and scanned by laser scanner. Using reverse engineering software, this cast surface was reconstructed. By this method, the digital cast could be observed from each degree and direction, and on this digital cast, the reference landmarks formeasarenment were determined, and the cast was then segmented, measured, and calculated. The 3-D analysis developed is an ideal tool for the examination of 3-D morphological changes in the edentulous maxilla of patients with CLP. This newly developed analysis enables a quantification of the extent and direction of morphological changes in the maxilla of infants with CLP.

A Morphological Study of the Face and Maxilla in Infants with Untreated Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: Measurement by a Three-dimensional Digitizer

A Morphological Study of the Face and Maxilla in Infants with Untreated Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: Measurement by a Three-dimensional Digitizer

Immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and histogenetic considerations in a patient with melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy

The melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is an uncommon neoplasm of early childhood that has been referred to by a variety of names in the past, reflecting conflicting opinions about its histogenesis. 1–6 Typically, the tumor arises in the jaws, especially in the maxilla of infants under 12 months old. It usually behaves in a benign fashion, but a few cases of recurrence and metastasis have been described in the literature. 7–9 Krompecher, 1 in 1918, published the first report of the tumor, and it was only in 1966 that Borello and Gorlin 6 reported that the tumor elaborated high levels of vanilmandelic acid, suggesting a neural crest origin because this laboratory finding is shared with other tumors originating from the neural crest: pheochromocytoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, neuroblastoma, and retinoblastoma. This fact led the authors to propose the term melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy for the lesion. In recent years, a few ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies have been performed to clarify the histogenesis of the tumor. Nevertheless, the results are still inconclusive. 10–15 For this reason, in the present study we examined a case of the tumor using immunohistochemical and ultrastructural observations.

Myxomas of the Maxilla in Infants and Children

Otolaryngology–Head and Neck SurgeryVolume 105, Issue 3 p. 464-468 Case Report Myxomas of the Maxilla in Infants and Children Paul A. Levine MD, Paul A. Levine MD Case Report EditorSearch for more papers by this authorDavid K. Hayes MAJ, MC, Corresponding Author David K. Hayes MAJ, MC n/a@dne.dne Brooke Army Medical Center, Ft. Sam Houston, TexasReprint requests: David K. Hayes, MAJ, MD, Otolaryngology Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307-5001.Search for more papers by this authorJames M. Madsen CPT, MC, James M. Madsen CPT, MC Brooke Army Medical Center, Ft. Sam Houston, TexasSearch for more papers by this authorRoger Simpson MAJ, MC, Roger Simpson MAJ, MC Brooke Army Medical Center, Ft. Sam Houston, TexasSearch for more papers by this authorRobert C. Jarchow COL, MC, Robert C. Jarchow COL, MC Brooke Army Medical Center, Ft. Sam Houston, TexasSearch for more papers by this author Paul A. Levine MD, Paul A. Levine MD Case Report EditorSearch for more papers by this authorDavid K. Hayes MAJ, MC, Corresponding Author David K. Hayes MAJ, MC n/a@dne.dne Brooke Army Medical Center, Ft. Sam Houston, TexasReprint requests: David K. Hayes, MAJ, MD, Otolaryngology Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307-5001.Search for more papers by this authorJames M. Madsen CPT, MC, James M. Madsen CPT, MC Brooke Army Medical Center, Ft. Sam Houston, TexasSearch for more papers by this authorRoger Simpson MAJ, MC, Roger Simpson MAJ, MC Brooke Army Medical Center, Ft. Sam Houston, TexasSearch for more papers by this authorRobert C. Jarchow COL, MC, Robert C. Jarchow COL, MC Brooke Army Medical Center, Ft. Sam Houston, TexasSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 September 1991 https://doi.org/10.1177/019459989110500319Citations: 1 The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as reflecting the views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume105, Issue3September 1991Pages 464-468 RelatedInformation

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy is a rare, usually benign tumour that frequency involves the maxilla of infants under 1 year of age. This report describes a classical case in a 6-month-old male infant, with a brief review of the relevant literature.

Melanotic progonoma of jaw

Melanotic progonoma is a rare lesion occuring mainly in the maxilla in infants. Reports outside this age group are extremely rare. These tumours are nearly always benign. Melanotic progonoma of maxilla in a ten year old male child is presented. The relavant literature is briefly reviewed.

Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumors of the Brain and Skull

A case of melanotic neuroectodermal tumor in the cerebellum of a 21-year-old man is presented. Melanin was found mainly in small neoplastic cells rather than in large epithelioid cells. The tumor also contained neurons, as well as neoplastic tissue of ependyma, choroid plexus; and astrocytes. We propose that this neuroectodermal tumor resulted from a combination of cells originating in the neural crest and in the neural tube. The small cells have been described as medulloblasts, but they may be poorly differentiated ependymal cells, or, sympathicoblasts. The presence of pigment in these cells is compatible with an origin in the neural crest. The so-called melanotic progonoma, occurring most often in the maxilla of infants, is reviewed in relation to the melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of the brain. The tumor in facial bone occurs in adults as well as infants, in locations other than the maxilla, and has malignant forms. Melanotic neuroectodermal tumors, whether in brain or bone, are therefore similar in behavior as well as histologic appearance. The finding of similar tumors in these different locations is readily explained embryologically.

Osteomyelitis of the superior maxilla in infants: a report on 24 personally treated cases.

Osteomyelitis of the superior maxilla in infants: a report on 24 personally treated cases.

Acute osteomyelitis of the maxilla in infants.

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Osteomyelitis of the maxilla in infants

Osteomyelitis of the maxilla in infants

Osteomyelitis of the maxilla in infants.

Osteomyelitis of the maxilla in infants.

Acute osteomyelitis of the maxilla in infancy.

1. The literature on acute osteomyelitis of the maxilla in infants is reviewed and the improvement in the prognosis since the introduction of chemotherapy is noted. 2. The clinical features, diagnosis, surgical anatomy, pathology, and bacteriology are discussed and the constant pathogenicity of the staphylococcus aureus stressed. It is suggested that the first deciduous molar tooth is the centre of the early bone infection, and that the infection begins in the mucosa overlying this tooth. 3. Two cases are reported. Both were caused by a penicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. 4. The early use of aureomycin in an attempt to abort the infection is advocated.

ACUTE OSTEOMYELITIS OF THE SUPERIOR MAXILLA IN A YOUNG INFANT

Acute osteomyelitis of the superior maxilla in infants is sufficiently uncommon to merit reporting, and, with the exception of the picture accompanying a case report by Bass, it has no pictorial record known to me. This disease is so typical in its signs, as illustrated in the accompanying photographs, that it should not fail to be recognized. <h3>REPORT OF A CASE</h3> John W., aged 5 months, the first child of healthy parents, was suddenly seized with apparent acute abdominal distress on Dec. 31, 1929. He had had no history of previous illnesses or of injuries. The temperature was 100.2 F. Physical examination failed to reveal the disorder. The infant was restless all night, and on January 1 the temperature was 101 F. There had been no stool for the previous twenty-four hours, and clear water only was returned from enemas. No mass could be felt in the abdomen. Urinalysis gave