Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory Research Articles

Work stress and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in nurses and office workers: a comparative study

Objectives. This study aims to compare the work stress and obsessive-compulsive symptoms of nurses and office workers and to determine the relationship between work stress and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Methods. A total of 127 nurses and 127 office workers participated in the cross-sectional study and comparative study. Data were collected using the perceived work stress scale and the Maudsley obsessive-compulsive inventory. Results. Nurses had higher work stress scores (p = 0.003) in general than office workers. In particular, nurses with a low (p < 0.039) and average (p < 0.007) economic status, nurses who had been employed for 1–10 years (p < 0.001) and nurses working 40 h per week (p < 0.042) had higher work stress scores than office workers. There was no difference (p > 0.05) between obsessive-compulsive symptom scores. There was a positive significant relationship (p < 0.001) between work stress and obsessive-compulsive symptom scores of nurses and office workers. Work stress explains 6.1% of the obsessive-compulsive symptoms in nurses and 12.4% in office workers. Conclusion. The results of this study concluded that work stress of nurses is higher than that of office workers and work stress affects the obsessive-compulsive symptoms in both groups.

Remediating rigid rule-following in subclinical obsessive-compulsive disorder using a brief mindfulness task: A case-control pilot study

A pioneering experiment by Hayes et al. (1986a, b) demonstrated the influence of instructional control and rule-governed behaviour on sensitivity to alternating reinforcement schedules. Hassoulas et al. (2017) replicated the same experimental design in a sample of participants exhibiting obsessive-compulsive behavioural (OCB) traits, supporting the results reported by the original study but also providing further insights into the maintenance of rigid rule following in OCB. The current pilot study replicated the same experimental design and procedure once again, however in considering whether a brief mindfulness-based intervention would facilitate contact with schedule contingencies in a group of participants exhibiting OCB traits. A total of 78 participants were recruited, 38 of whom exhibited OCB traits as measured using the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI). The results revealed a significant difference in sensitivity to changing schedules between the group of participants exhibiting OCB traits and those with few such traits (n = 40), dependent on the degree of instructional accuracy they were provided with. The findings of the current study provide insights into the proposed concomitant administration of mindfulness-based interventions, alongside traditional first-line therapeutic modalities currently administered in the management of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

The impact of the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents with eating disorders: a follow-up study from Türkiye.

At the onset of the pandemic, we conducted a study on adolescents with eating disorders (EDs) and found no deterioration in ED symptoms. The objective of this subsequent study was to conduct a follow-up evaluation of the same cohort and investigate the consequences of the prolonged pandemic. This longitudinal study was conducted one year after the first study between May 2021 and June 2021 with 37 adolescents aged 12-18 years (pre-existing EDs). The reassessment included an evaluation of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the impact of pandemic-related restrictions on ED behaviors, well-being, and quality of life. All the participants underwent a re-administration of the ED examination questionnaire (EDE-Q), Beck Depression Inventory, the State Anxiety Inventory for Children, and the Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory. No significant difference was observed in the EDE-Q scores or the ED examination questionnaire scores between the initial (T1) and subsequent (T2) study. The ED-related quality of life was seen to have slightly improved in the later stage. While depression (T1: 18, T2: 15, p=0.883) and obsession scores (T1: 11, T2: 14, p: 0.536) showed no disparity between the studies, anxiety scores (T1: 38, T2: 43, p:0.011) exhibited a significant increase. Consistent with the early phase, no exacerbation of ED symptoms in adolescents was observed during the later stages of the pandemic. Close clinical monitoring during the pandemic might have been protective against the deteriorating effects of the pandemic. During social isolation, it is important to monitor adolescents with EDs continously for depression and anxiety.

Determining the Cut-off Scores for the Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive Inventory and the Dimensional Obsessive Compulsive Scale and Reviewing Their Psychometric Properties: Which is More Appropriate for the Evaluation of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder?

Objective: Measurement is essential in psychiatry's clinical and research fields. The cut-off scores of the Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) and the Dimensional Obsessive Compulsive Scale (DOCS), which are widely used in the evaluation of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), have not been determined. Method: DOCS and MOCI were applied to 128 patients with OCD and 124 healthy participants. The psychometric properties of the scales were examined by ROC analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and Rasch models. Results: The cut-off point has been determined as 25 for the DOCS total score, and 18 for the MOCI. The analysis has been shown that some items in MOCI deteriorated the structure of the scale. In DOCS, it has been shown that almost all scale items are compatible with the scale structure. Conclusion: In this study, the cut-off scores have been calculated for the MOCI and the DOCS, so these two scales have become a more effective and helpful construct. It has been also concluded that the DOCS has more robust psychometric properties than the MOCI.

Comparison of healthcare workers and non-healthcare workers in terms of obsessive-compulsive and depressive symptoms during COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal case-controlled study.

The aim of this study was to investigate the obsessive-compulsive and depressive symptoms of healthcare workers in a case-control setting as longitudinal. In this study included 49 healthcare workers and 47 non-health workers. A sociodemographic data form, the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) were used to assess individuals between June 1, 2020 and June 30, 2021. We assessed the same healthcare workers after 12 months on June 30, 2021 using MOCI, HAM-D, and SCL-90. MOCI and SCL-90 obsessive-compulsive subscale scores were significantly higher in the healthcare workers than in the non-health workers. When we assessed MOCI, HAM-D, and SCL-90 obsessive-compulsive subscale scores after 12 months, there was a statistically significant decrease in the scores of all three scales among the healthcare workers. The results of the study showed that healthcare workers were more likely to have obsessive-compulsive symptoms than non-health workers in the early part of the pandemic on June 1, 2020, as shown by their scores on MOCI and the obsessive-compulsive subscale of SCL-90. When we assessed the same participants after 12 months (June 30, 2021), both MOCI and SCL-90 obsessive-compulsive subscale scores had decreased significantly. In contrast to these results, HAM-D scores significantly increased.

The positive impact of environmentally artistic design in cultural architecture on OCD audience

BackgroundRecurrent compulsive thoughts and behaviors caused by obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) against the subjective wishes of the individual can lead to significant distress and anxiety for the patient. To improve the therapeutic effect on patients with severe OCD, to study the positive impact of environmental art design of cultural architecture under the characteristics of modern aesthetic psychology on patients with OCD.Subjects and MethodsTwenty-five patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder were selected as the experimental group and another 25 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder as the control group. Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) was used to collect data on the two groups. Learning and appreciating seven days of aesthetic art design as a cycle and three cycles as a course of treatment. In each process, the two groups of patients were tested for obsessive-compulsive disorder scores until the end of 5 courses.ResultsThe mean scores of the experimental and control groups were 33 and 35 after one course of treatment and 22 and 36 after five treatment methods, respectively. The experimental group significantly improved symptom relief, emotion regulation, and psychological comfort, while the control group had no significant change.ConclusionsCreating a building environment with aesthetic value and emotional resonance can significantly alleviate the symptoms of OCD and improve the audience’s emotional regulation ability and psychological comfort. Therefore, attention should be paid to the application and publicity of aesthetic and psychological characteristics in cultural architecture design to provide comfortable environmental art experiences for obsessive-compulsive disorder audiences.

Exploring Deviation from Time Perspective in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Comparative Analysis in the Clinical Context.

Objective: A growing body of research stresses the effect of time perspective (TP) on the genesis and maintenance of psychological disorders. However, the variations in the TP configuration of individuals with different disorders have not yet been completely investigated. We aimed to compare the differences in TP among patients with three common psychiatric disorders. Method : We recruited 30 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), 30 with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and 30 with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Participants completed Zimbardo's Time Perspective Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory, and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5). The one-way MANOVA was utilized for the comparison of TP dimensions among the three disordered groups. Results: The results showed that TP was significantly affected in all three clinical groups. The effect of the disorder on time perspective was significant for Past Negative (PN) (F (2, 84) = 11.86, P < 0.01), Past Positive (PP) (F (2, 84) = 6.66, P < 0.01), Present Fatalistic (PF) (F (2, 84) = 7.08, P < 0.01) and Future (F) (F (2, 84) = 26.40, P < 0.01), but not for Present Hedonistic (PH). The findings revealed that the MDD group scored the highest on PN, with the GAD group scoring higher than the OCD group. The GAD and OCD groups reported higher PP than the MDD group. In addition, the MDD group scored higher than both the GAD and OCD groups on PF. Finally, the GAD patients reported higher scores than both the MDD and OCD patients on the F dimension, while the OCD patients scored higher than the MDD patients. Conclusion: Individuals with MDD tend to obtain higher scores in PN and PF time perspective, whereas those with GAD and OCD showed higher PP and F scores. These findings demonstrate the significance of examining TP in clinical patients and prompt further research into the association between TP and the disorders being studied. Perspectives on therapy are also explored.

Correlations between attitudes towards the COVID-19 vaccine and psychiatric symptoms among pregnant women.

As data continue to show that COVID-19 vaccines are safe for pregnant women, determining the factors that affect their attitudes towards vaccines has become increasingly important. Pregnancy increases the risk of depressive and obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms. We aimed to determine the correlations between psychiatric symptoms and attitudes towards vaccination in pregnant women. A total of 100 pregnant women were enrolled in the present cross-sectional study. We used a standard data form to obtain the participants' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. The Attitudes Towards the COVID-19 Vaccine Scale, the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used to measure attitudes towards vaccination and psychiatric symptoms. We then investigated the correlations between the scale scores. There was a significant correlation between positive, negative, and total attitudes towards vaccines and MOCI total and subscale scores. According to the linear regression model, variables of MOCI total score, planned/unplanned pregnancy, and age were determined as the predictors for vaccination attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines. Increased OC symptoms seem to be associated with negative attitudes towards vaccination. It is important to screen pregnant women with lower vaccination rates for OC symptoms more carefully. A multidisciplinary approach would be beneficial to increase vaccination rates.

Obsessive compulsive symptoms in mothers of children with atopic dermatitis.

Maternal stress, depression and anxiety are associated with atopic dermatitis (AD) in offspring. However, the relationship between maternal obsessive compulsive symptoms (OCS) and AD in their children is unclear. To investigate whether maternal OCS are associated with AD in offspring. A total of 75 children with AD diagnosed by the paediatric allergist and 76 healthy children and their mothers were included in the study. A Turkish version of the Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (MOCI-T) was used to assess OCS of mothers in both groups. Total MOCI-T score and slowness, doubt, and rumination subscale scores were higher in the AD group than in the healthy group (p = 0.007, p = 0.001, p = 0.012 and p = 0.011, respectively) but washing/cleaning and checking subscale scores did not reach a statistically significant difference (p = 0.203 and p = 0.053, respectively). There was no correlation between SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) and MOCI-T/subscales scores. Our study provides evidence for associations between maternal OCS and infantile AD. The findings support recommendations for psychosocial support of mothers of children with AD.

Obsessive–compulsive symptoms are negatively correlated with motor severity in patients with generalized dystonia

We aimed to clarify the correlations between motor symptoms and obsessive–compulsive symptoms and between the volumes of basal ganglia components and obsessive–compulsive symptoms. We retrospectively included 14 patients with medically intractable, moderate and severe generalized dystonia. The Burke–Fahn–Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale and Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive Inventory were used to evaluate the severity of dystonia and obsessive–compulsive symptoms, respectively. Patients with generalized dystonia were divided into two groups; patients whose Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive Inventory score was lower than 13 (Group 1) and 13 or more (Group 2). Additionally, the total Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive Inventory scores in patients with dystonia were significantly higher than normal volunteers’ scores (p = 0.025). Unexpectedly, Group 2 (high Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive Inventory scores) showed milder motor symptoms than Group 1 (low Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive Inventory scores) (p = 0.016). “Checking” rituals had a strong and significant negative correlation with the Burke–Fahn–Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (ρ = − 0.71, p = 0.024) and a strong positive correlation with the volumes of both sides of the nucleus accumbens (right: ρ = 0.72, p = 0.023; left: ρ = 0.70, p = 0.034). Our results may provide insights into the pathogenesis of obsessive–compulsive disorder and dystonia.

Structural relationships between levels of perfectionism and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms: The mediating role of cognitive styles

The current research aims to determine the structural relationships between the levels of perfectionism and the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder with the mediation of cognitive styles. The statistical population of the present study consisted of University of Tabriz students; 360 were selected using a combination of purposeful and convenience sampling, and they completed online the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), Positive and negative perfectionism, and Felder-Soloman Index of Learning Styles. A reflective cognitive style was found to mediate the relationship between positive perfectionism levels and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms. Additionally, perfectionism levels can predict the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder; reflective cognitive style can predict the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder, and perfectionism levels can predict reflective cognitive style. Consequently, the levels of perfectionism and reflective cognitive style predict the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder, and any intervention in this sector should consider the interactive effects of these variables.

Effectiveness of Positivity on Academic Well-being and Its Components in Students with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Quasi-experimental Study of Pre-test and Post-test with Control Group

Background: Today, the construct of well-being has influenced the field of education. In this regard, one of the important educational objectives in advanced societies is to provide psychological well-being for students. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is considered as one of the most common mental disorders affecting all aspects of life with destructive effects in the long run on interpersonal and social relationships. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positivity on academic well-being in students with OCD. Methods: The population of this quasi-experimental study included all female students studying in secondary schools in Zahedan during the academic year 2020 - 2021. Using convenience sampling method, a total of 30 participants diagnosed with OCD were assigned into two equal groups of experimental and control (n = 15 in each). The experimental group received positivity training for eight sessions (each session 60 minutes). For data collection, Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) and Academic Well-being Scale by Tuominen-Soini et al. were used. The data obtained from pre-test and post-test were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANOVA). Results: The results of covariance showed that after training positivity, a significant difference was found between the mean scores of the control and experimental groups in the components of value of school, school burnout, academic satisfaction, involvement in school assignments, and academic well-being (P &lt; 0.05). The difference in post-test scores related to the effect of positivity education according to ETA coefficients in the variables of school value, school burnout, academic satisfaction, school work integration, and academic well-being were 0.86, 0.52, 0.64, 0.77, and 0.81%, respectively. Conclusions: Considering the effectiveness of positivity training to promote the dimensions of academic well-being, practitioners are advised to use this kind of training to improve academic well-being of students with OCD.

Orthorexia nervosa: The relationship with obsessive-compulsive symptoms and eating attitudes among individuals with and without healthcare professionals

BACKGROUND: Today, individuals with eating disorders or orthorexia nervosa (ON) are increasing. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the association between ON, eating attitudes, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms among healthcare and non-healthcare professionals. METHODS: The present study was cross-sectional, and conducted by 310 healthcare, and non-healthcare professionals. Data on demographic characteristics, the Orthorexia Nervosa Evaluation Scale (ORTO-15), the Eating Attitudes Test-40 (EAT-40), and the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) were obtained by a questionnaire form. Additionally, the body weight and height of participants were taken to calculate the body mass index (BMI). Data were analyzed with SPSS statistical package 24.0. RESULTS: The ORTO-15 score of 30.3% of healthcare professionals and 27.1% of non-healthcare professionals were ≤40 (p: 0.616). The EAT-40 scores were found to be ≥30 in 7.7% of healthcare professionals and 4.5% of non-healthcare professionals (p: 0.081). According to the MOCI scores, the possibility of obsessive-compulsive symptoms was high in 29.7% of healthcare professionals (p &lt; 0.001). There was a weak negative correlation between ORTO-15 and EAT-40 (r: –0.176, p: 0.002) and MOCI (r: –0.170, p: 0.003); and EAT-40 and MOCI (r:0.166, p: 0.03). CONCLUSION: Further studies are required to understand the relationship between ON and eating disorders that are included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5) criteria.

Cognitive flexibility and attention to detail in adolescents and adults with severe forms of anorexia nervosa.

To determine if adolescents and adults diagnosed with anorexia nervosa differ in their levels of cognitive flexibility and attention to detail independently of potential confounds. Sixty-two adolescents and 54 adults were assessed while receiving inpatient treatment and completed the following self-reports: Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire, Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. Performance-based evaluations included the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Computerised Version, the Comprehensive Trail Making Test, the Brixton Spatial Anticipation Test, the Rey Complex Figure and the Group Embedded Figures Test. Comparisons of the adolescents and adults with anorexia nervosa revealed no significant differences for any of the neuropsychological test scores even after adjusting for potential confounding factors. Neither cognitive flexibility nor attention to detail were associated with level of eating disorder symptomatology, depression, anxiety or obsessive-compulsive symptomatology. Unlike age, illness duration was found weakly associated with perseverative errors Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and with the central coherence index of the Rey Complex Figure recall condition. Set-shifting and central coherence performance were independent of age, clinical symptoms severity and emotional status. Additional studies on the relationship between the duration of anorexia nervosa and neuropsychological difficulties are needed.

Psychometric properties of persian version of Fear of Self Questionnaire related Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Introduction: The cognitive aspect of obsession involves the evaluation of oneself, which is often accompanied by a fear of what one is -or can be. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Fear of Self Questionnaire, which measures the level of this fear in the context of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Method: The present study was a descriptive study and its statistical population included all students of Shiraz University in the academic year 2020-2021. The sample of the present study also included 360 students who were participated in this research by answering the online link of questions. In addition to the Persian version of the Fear of Self Questionnaire, other research tools were included the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ-42), the Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive inventory (MOCI), the Self-Ambivalence Measure (SAM), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Data analysis was conducted by confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and test-retest reliability coefficient in SPSS-24 and AMOS-22 software. Results: The results of factor analysis confirmed the one-factor structure in the Persian version of the Fear of Self Questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha and test-retest coefficients were 0.94 and 0.86, respectively, that shows the internal consistency and optimal reliability of this questionnaire. In addition, the correlation between the scores of the Persian version of the questionnaire and other research tools ranged from 0.49 to 0.81, which has confirmed its convergent validity. Conclusion: Considering the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Fear of Self Questionnaire, its usage can be recommended in research related to the symptoms and various dimensions of obsession.

The correlation between nursing students' healthy lifestyle behaviors, cardiovascular disease risk factors' knowledge level, and obsession symptoms

Nursing students have a role in the awareness of risk factors in the development of healthy lifestyle behaviors. Nursing students' awareness of disease risk factors plays a role in developing healthy lifestyle behaviors. Therefore, it was aimed to determine the relationship between the effect of nursing students' healthy lifestyle behaviors and cardiovascular disease risk factors' knowledge levels and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Two hundred and twenty-four students studying in the nursing departments of two foundation universities participated in the study between April and October 2020. Sociodemographic information form, Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II), Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Knowledge Level (CARRF-KL), and Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) were applied to the students. It was found that the nursing students' healthy lifestyle behaviors (123.53 ± 25.78) and cardiovascular risk factors' knowledge level (21.08 ±± 2.70) were high. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (16.12 ± 6.22) were moderate. In the correlation of sociodemographic characteristics, it was found that age correlated with the nutrition subdimension of CARRF-KL and HPLP-II, income level correlated with HPLP-II, place of residence correlated with HPLP-II, CARRF-KL, and MOCI, and having a health problem correlated with health responsibility. Income status, place of residence, and presence of health problems were found to be correlated with HPLP-II in all subdimensions in the regression analysis. In the regression analysis of HPLP-II with CARRF-KL and MOCI scales, it was found that it was significantly related to interpersonal relations, spiritual growth, stress management, and total score dimensions. Healthy lifestyle behaviors of nursing students are related to cardiovascular risk factors' knowledge level and obsession symptoms. In addition, some demographic characteristics affect healthy lifestyle behaviors.

Валидация русскоязычной версии шкалы обсессивно-компульсивной симптоматики МОДСЛИ (MOCI) на популяционной и клинических выборках

Relevance. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is the third most common psychiatric disorder, potentially disabling with significant social and economic consequences. In Russia, little attention is paid to the study of OCD, which leads to the problem of differential diagnosis and effective treatment of OCD. One of the reasons for the insufficient attention to OCD is the lack of validated Russian questionnaires for diagnosing OCD. The purpose of this work is the initial validation of a translated version of the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI). Characteristics of the surveyed groups. A population-based sample of 300 students (212 women and 88 men) and a clinical sample of 13 patients with anxiety and depressive disorders (8 women and 5 men) and 13 patients with OCD (11 women and 2 men) participated in the study. Severity of OCD symptoms were assessed with the translated version of Maudsley questionnaire. Results. According to our data, the MOCI questionnaire allows to differentiate reliably (p = 0,027) patients with OCD from patients with anxiety-depressive disorders and can be suitable as a primary diagnostic test for identifying OCD patients (p &lt; 0,05) and the risk group. The reliability and convergent validity of the questionnaire were shown.

Effectiveness of a Constructive Model of Variables related to Depersonalization- Derealization Disorder of University Students

The aims of this study were to identify the correlation between Depersonalization - Derealization Disorder (DPDR), anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorders and to propose a constructive model of anxiety, depression and obsessive- compulsive disorders related to Depersonalization Derealization Disorder of university students. The sample consisted of 344 students (325 female and 19 male), with a mean age of (24.4) years. The study applied the following scales: structured clinical interview for depersonalization-derealization spectrum, Cambridge Depersonalization Scale, Generalised anxiety scale (GAD-7), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Maudsley Obsessional–Compulsive Inventory. Results indicated that obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression played a major role in developing DPDR due to a significant positive effect of these disorders, while anxiety had a weak correlation. The study developed a constructive model of variables related to DPDR based on AMOS software. The results illustrated that the contribution of obsessive-compulsive and depression as independent variables in predicting PDRD was 61.8 and 44.9, respectively, while no effect of anxiety was recorded. The findings also developed a model for the causal relationships between anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive influence on DPDR disorder. The results of the causal model test indicated that the obsessive-compulsive variable is hypothesized to be a mediator in influencing the DPDR disorder as it is affected by both anxiety and depression.

Prevalence and Clinical Presentations of Postpartum Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Iranian Pregnant Women

Introduction: Pregnancy, childbirth, and maternity are correlated with the heightened risk of the evolvement of postpartum obsessive-compulsive symptoms. This study aimed to inquire about the prevalence rate, clinical presentations, and relevant factors of postpartum Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms (OCS). Method: This cross-sectional study evaluated OCD in the postpartum period of women referred to the Imam Hospital in Sari, Mazandaran province, Iran. The sample population included 359 pregnant women who delivered their babies during the first half of 2018. The samples were taken using the convenience sampling method. Patients who scored 12 or higher in the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory completed the Yale-Browne Obsessive-Compulsive Scale self-report, and the Life Event Checklist were included in the study. Finally, data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 24. Results: The 359 mothers were in the range of 14 to 35 years old. Accordingly, 62.1% (223) were urban women while 37.9% (136) were rural, 20.6% (74) had preterm infants, 56.8% (204) term infants, and 22.3% (80) were post-term. Maudsley’s test showed that 48.5% (174) of the mothers had a positive OCD result. The total scorein Yale-Brown was significant, and had a reverse correlation with the mother’s residency (t = -173, p = 0.02) and significant correlation with the age of a pregnancy (t = 269, p= 0.001(. Conclusion: According to the results of the Maudsley test, women are at risk of OCD during the postpartum period. Actually, OCD affects the mother-baby relation, mother’s anxiety, and depression and should be addressed during womens’ postpartum clinical care.

Misophonic symptoms in non-psychotic psychiatric outpatients and its association with trait psychological variables

BackgroundMisophonia is commonly described as abnormal or disproportionately aversive and emotional reactions to specific sounds that interfere with patients’ psychosocial functioning. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible associations of specific psychological traits with misophonic symptoms in psychiatric outpatients. SubjectsMisophonic Symptoms Checklist (MSC), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Form (EPQRS), Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) and Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SASS) were used to assess various psychological traits in a sample of consecutive outpatients at University Hospital Psychiatry Department in September 2019. ResultsAfter multiple regression analysis, we found that the MOCI, STAI, EPQRSneuroticism, SASS, and BPAQ predicted misophonic symptoms where only SASS and MOCI were significant predictors. ConclusionsOur findings indicate that proneness to somatization and obsessivecompulsive symptoms are significantly associated with misophonic symptoms. These findings contribute to the phenomenological understanding of misophonia.