PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between women’s sexual health agency and their intent to initiate communications with their doctors. The research questions examined the effect sexual health agency has on patient-doctor communication, women’s emotional responses to health advertisements encouraging patient communication with their doctors, attitude toward the message and behavioral intentions after exposure to the advertising message.Design/methodology/approachAn experimental design was implemented via an online questionnaire instrument to test the differences between younger-aged women (25 to 45 years) and mature-aged women (46 to 70 years). It was observed that 188 women who reported their status as single and sexually active in the past 12 months were exposed to a health advertisement that encouraged patient-doctor communication. Analyses were conducted to compare between-group measures on sexual health agency, emotional response and attitude toward the ad and behavioral intention.FindingsNo statistical difference existed between younger and older women. In general, women expect their doctor to lead conversations about sexual health but are positively reinforced by health messages that encourage their assertiveness as patients.Research limitations/implicationsThe small sample size also may have limited the study’s potential to evaluate differences between age segments. Future research should explore this further.Practical implicationsThe study provides evidence that sexual health advertising can reinforce women’s intent to initiate conversations with doctors regardless of age.Social implicationsHealth communications can bolster women’s sexual health agency and improve patient-initiated conversations with doctors.Originality/valueThe study is the first to explore advertising messaging’s potential for applying health agency as a communication strategy for encouraging sexual health communications between women and their doctors.