Elementary School Mathematics Teachers Research Articles

Didactic Game Based on the Unreal Engine and the Effectiveness of its Implementation in Mathematics Education

This study investigates the integration of a didactic game developed using Unreal Engine into elementary school mathematics education, specifically focusing on the teaching of fractions. The research aims to answer the following questions: (1) How do students react to the didactic game? (2) What is the difference between experimental and control group of students? The study involved 46 seventh-grade students from a school in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic, randomly divided into two groups: one using the didactic game and one following traditional teaching methods. The research employed both qualitative and quantitative methods, including participatory observation, questionnaires, and didactic tests. The findings reveal that while both groups showed significant improvement in their understanding of fractions, the group using the didactic game demonstrated a more considerable progression, with an average increase in test scores from 38.07% to 71.36%. In contrast, the traditional group improved from 54.17% to 79.68%. Students' reactions to the game were mixed, with some expressing enthusiasm despite technical difficulties, while others were less motivated due to hardware limitations.

POSSIBILITIES OF USING PROBLEMED LEARNING IN TEACHING GEOMETRIC CONCEPTS IN PRIMARY GRADES

In this article, an idea is given about the possibilities of using problem-based learning in the formation of geometric concepts in elementary school mathematics education. Problematic education includes such categories as problem, learning problem, problem situation, problem, problem question, problem assignment. Teaching concepts like straight-line, straight-line section, broken line, length of broken line, perimeter of a triangle, perimeter of a rectangle, perimeter of a polygon, which are studied in primary grades, using problem-based learning, allows students to quickly and effectively master these concepts, as well as to be able to apply the acquired knowledge in practice gives.

Examination of Elementary School Mathematics Teachers’ Mathematical Modelling Attitudes in Terms of Various Variables

This study aims to examine elementary mathematics teachers' attitudes towards mathematical modelling in terms of various variables. The current study is particularly important as it is one of the few ones in our country to investigate this type of work, focusing on the attitudes of elementary mathematics teachers towards mathematical modelling across all sub-dimensions. A survey model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used, and the sample of the study consisted of 102 elementary mathematics teachers working at official secondary schools and official imam hatip secondary schools in Aydın province during the 2023-2024 academic year, determined through an appropriate sampling method. The Mathematical Modelling Attitude Scale was used as the data collection tool in the study. The research revealed that elementary mathematics teachers exhibit a low level of attitude towards mathematical modelling. Although their motivation sub-dimension towards mathematical modelling was high, the real-life sub-dimension was moderate, while the constructivism and understanding sub-dimensions were low. However, it was found that the sub-dimension and overall scores of the mathematical modelling attitude scale of elementary mathematics teachers did not differ according to gender, faculty of graduation, age, and professional experience, but they did differ according to level of education.

Challenges of Indonesian elementary school mathematics teachers in integrating critical thinking into the classroom

This study addresses the pressing need to develop critical thinking skills in young learners, which is essential for 21st-century education. Focusing on Indonesian elementary school mathematics teachers, this research provides new insights into the specific challenges they encounter a context that has been underexplored in the existing literature. The primary objective of this study is to identify the barriers these teachers face when integrating critical thinking skills into their mathematics instruction. Utilizing a qualitative approach, the research employs open-ended online surveys, allowing participants to respond to their own words rather than selecting from predefined options. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants, resulting in a sample of 114 teachers from ten provinces across Indonesia. Data from the surveys were analyzed thematically and inductively using constant comparative methods. The analysis identified that the major obstacles to integrating critical thinking skills into mathematics education were limitations related to time and resources (accounting for 71.34% of identified barriers), along with deficiencies in pedagogical knowledge, confidence, and skepticism about the expected outcomes. The findings of this study offer valuable insights into the considerations necessary for successfully incorporating critical thinking skills into elementary mathematics instruction and highlight the potential for enhancing teacher effectiveness in this area.

Using the UTAUT-TPACK model to explain digital teaching behaviour of elementary school mathematics teacher

ABSTRACT The appropriate use of digital technology in the classroom is very helpful to improve mathematics teaching in elementary school. However, the current situation of elementary school mathematics teachers’ digital teaching behaviour is not optimistic. This study analysed the factors influencing elementary school mathematics teachers’ digital teaching behaviour. A revised unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model with technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) was used to understand elementary school mathematics teachers’ digital teaching behaviour. A questionnaire survey was conducted in Hunan province of China. Three hundred elementary school mathematics teachers provided valid questionnaire data. The partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach was used to analyse the data. It was found that TPACK and facilitating conditions positively and significantly affected digital teaching behaviour of elementary school mathematics teachers, and TPACK was the biggest influential factor. The research results have important implications for improving digital teaching behaviour of elementary school mathematics teachers and promoting digital transformation of elementary school mathematics education.

İlkokul Matematik Öğretiminde Kullanılan Dijital Teknoloji Araçlarının Başarıya Etkisi - Derleme Çalışması

Bu çalışma ile ilkokul kademesinde matematik öğretim sürecinde kullanılan dijital teknoloji araçlarının matematik başarısına etkisini konu alan deneysel araştırmaları incelemek ve bu araştırmaların içerdiği çeşitli bilgileri sistemli biçimde bir araya getirmek amaçlanmıştır. Sistematik derleme çalışması olarak yapılandırılan çalışmada dahil etme kriterlerini sağlayan 24 ulusal ve uluslararası araştırma çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. İncelenen araştırmaların daha çok makale türünde olduğu, çoğunlukla 2019 yılında yapıldığı, uygulama yapılan sınıf düzeyinin en çok 4.sınıf olduğu, uygulamalarda en çok Kesirler konusunun ele alındığı diğer yandan geometri, ölçme ve veri toplama öğrenme alanlarında 1.ve 2. sınıflara yönelik konuların olmadığı görülmüştür. Kullanılan dijital araç türü olarak en çok dijital oyunların kullanıldığı gibi çeşitli sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Aynı zamanda yapılan araştırmalardaki ortak sonucun dijital teknoloji araçlarının kullanımının matematik başarısını arttırdığı yönündedir.

Effective Strategies for Blended Teaching of Elementary School Mathematics Based on the Smart Education Platform

The continuous development of educational technology has made the smart education platform an important part of modern teaching and learning, especially in elementary school mathematics teaching, which continues to show great potential. Smart education platforms have been described as revolutionary tools that have dramatically changed traditional teaching and learning methods through integrated technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data analytics, and cloud computing, and these platforms not only provide rich and diverse teaching resources but also support personalized learning paths and interactive learning experiences, thus effectively improving teaching efficiency and learning quality. The integration of smart education platforms with traditional offline teaching not only meets the requirements of the reform of the teaching mode but also optimizes the learning process of students and improves the learning effect. Based on this, this paper elaborates on the effective strategies of blended teaching of elementary school mathematics based on the wisdom education platform from different perspectives.

İlköğretim Matematik Öğretmeni Adaylarının Öğretimsel Açıklamalarının Matematik Üslubu Açısından İncelenmesi

Bu çalışmada ilköğretim matematik öğretmeni adaylarının gerçek sınıflarda yürüttükleri öğretim süreci çerçevesinde yaptıkları öğretimsel açıklamaların matematik üslubu açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan bu incelemede öğretmen adaylarının matematik üslubunu kullanmada sergiledikleri olası uygunsuz durumların ve yetersizliklerin saptanması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması yaklaşımı benimsenerek son sınıfta öğrenim görmekte olan 12 ilköğretim matematik öğretmeni adayının video ile kayıt altına alınmış ders anlatım süreçleri matematik üslubu açısından analiz edilmiştir. Analizin gerçekleştirilmesinde, literatürde dörtlü bilgi modelinin matematik üslubu açısından yorumlanması ile oluşturulmuş bir kavramsal çerçeve temel alınmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular öğretmen adaylarının matematiksel terminolojiyi birçok durumda yanlış kullandıklarını ve matematiksel kavramları tanımlamada veya açıklamada terminolojiyi basite indirgediklerini göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte öğretmen adaylarının matematiksel kavramları ve prosedürleri izah etmek için ders öncesinde hazırladıkları açıklamaları, kavramların farklı temsil biçimleriyle tutarsızlıklar barındırdığı saptanmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular, öğretmen adaylarının matematik üslubunun öğrencilerin matematiği anlamlandırmasındaki etkisi ve öğretim sürecindeki önemi hususlarında farkındalıklarının arttırılmasının gerekli olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Öğretmen adaylarının pedagojik alan bilgilerini geliştirmeye yönelik literatürdeki güncel gelişmeler odağında, bu ihtiyacın nasıl karşılanabileceğine yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Efficacy of educational platforms in developing the skills of employing augmented reality in teaching mathematics

The aim of the current study is to reveal the effectiveness of a training program using an educational platform on developing the skills of employing augmented reality apps to enhance the teaching of mathematics among elementary school teachers. The experimental approach with a quasi-experimental design, a one-group pre-/post-test design, was used in this study. The study sample consisted of 36 elementary school mathematics teachers in Saudi Arabia, and an achievement test and an observation card were used as measurement tools. The study identified a statistically noteworthy distinction, with a significance level of 0.05, in the mean scores of the study group before and after the administration of the achievement test and the observation card, favoring the post-application results. The study suggested the importance of directing those in charge of developing training programs within the Ministry of Education to incorporate educational platforms as a key component of distance education methods.

Teacher Efforts in Developing Student Creativity through Realistic Mathematics Education in Elementary School

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan latar belakang guru yang cenderung menggunakan soal jawaban tunggal dibandingkan dengan soal jawaban yang beragam sehingga menyebabkan rendahnya kreativitas siswa. Pendekatan yang digunakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah melalui Realistic Mathematics Education (RME). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan upaya guru dalam mengembangkan kreativitas siswa pada pembelajaran pecahan melalui RME. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seorang guru kelas 2 sekolah dasar di Banda Aceh. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah catatan lapangan dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa upaya guru dalam mengembangkan kreativitas siswa yaitu dengan menggunakan berbagai metode dan kegiatan pembelajaran, menggunakan pertanyaan terbuka, menggabungkan tugas kelompok dan individu, menggunakan pendekatan pembelajaran yang sesuai, dan bertindak sebagai fasilitator dan koordinator. This study was driven by the recognition that teachers often rely on single solution instead of multiple solution problems, limiting student creativity. To address this, the study took a unique approach, employing Realistic Mathematics Education (RME). The goal was to describe teacher's endeavors to nurture student creativity while teaching fractions through RME. This study employed qualitative methods, including field notes and interviews. The subject was a Grade 2 teacher from one of elementary schools in Banda Aceh. Data analysis involved data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The analysis revealed that the teacher's strategies to foster student creativity include a range of teaching methods and activities, open-ended questions, group and individual assignments, an appropriate learning approach, and a role as a facilitator and coordinator.

Teachers’ Perspectives on the Development of Augmented Reality Application in Geometry Topic for Elementary School

Augmented Reality (AR) is a new evolving technology that can enhance the learning experienceby making learning more engaging, has a beneficial influence on teaching and learning,and assists in comprehension, specifically when it comes to abstract concepts. Teachers playa pivotal role in accelerating the widespread use of AR in education, making it crucial toget their thoughts and perspectives. Based on the perspectives of mathematics teachers, thisresearch aims to determine the necessity for developing an augmented reality learning applicationin the geometry topic for elementary school students through a questionnaire that hasbeen answered by 52 elementary mathematics teachers from Northern State Malaysia. Thefindings of this study were analyzed using descriptive analysis with a value of Cronbach alpha(α = 0.98). The findings of the study indicate three main elements that need to be emphasizedfor the AR development process, namely learning strategy design, presentation design, andinteractivity design. Based on the mean of the research conducted, the findings of the threeelements indicate a significant necessity. The development of AR applications must incorporatethese three elements in order to assist elementary school mathematics teachers in designingAR learning applications that maximize student achievement.

The application of task-based teaching method in elementary school mathematics education

In contemporary mathematics education, the task-based teaching method has garnered significant attention and exploration as an efficient instructional approach. This article integrates multiple instructional cases to elucidate the concept and characteristics of the task-based teaching method. It delves into the role of task-based teaching method and explores key considerations and issues that should be paid attention to when employing this approach in elementary school mathematics education.

The Use of the KWDL Technique in Developing Grade 4 Elementary School Student Combined Operations

The ability to recognize one’s learning processes is important for learning mathematics as it helps learners to practice the thinking process of how each element works in solving mathematics problems. The K-W-D-L technique has emerged as a technique that could bring about metacognition in learning and it could be beneficial in elementary school mathematics education. The objective of the study was to examine the effectiveness of the K-W-D-L technique on the learning achievement of fourth-grade elementary school students in combined operations. The participants grade 4 students in a public school in the Thai educational context. They were cluster sampling methods. The instruments were a K-W-D-L learning management plan, a learning achievement test, and a mathematic problem-solving test. The statistics used in data analysis were percentage, mean score, standard deviation, one sample t-test, and effectiveness index. The results of the study indicate the effectiveness index of the learning management plan designed using the K-W-D-L technique reached the determining criteria. Moreover, both participants’ learning achievement and mathematic problem-solving abilities were found to be at the desired level of the class.

Teachers’ Views on Online Mathematics Teaching Barriers During The Covid-19 Pandemic: The Case of Turkey

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Turkey's 19 million students and 1.2 million teachers rely entirely on online instruction. This study looks at the perspectives of math teachers on the teacher, school, curriculum, and student hurdles to E-learning deployment during the COVID-19 epidemic. It also evaluates the connection between the degree of barriers and teachers' backgrounds. Furthermore, it assesses the relationship between barrier levels with teachers’ demographic backgrounds. This study collected data through an online questionnaire, and random sampling was employed. The sample consisted of 364 participants (210 male and 154 female) who were middle school and elementary school mathematics teachers. According to the study's findings, the student-level barrier had the biggest influence on adopting e-learning. The school- and curriculum-level barriers are positively connected with the student-level barrier. The study found that barriers were unaffected by the backgrounds of teachers. This study highlights the significance of student voices in overcoming e-learning challenges and utilizing its advantages during this epidemic and beyond.

Piaget's Theory in Mathematics Education in Elementary School

Since the passing of Law No. 2 of 1989, the landscape of education in Indonesia should be distinguished by the consistency of its system, thus by a series of adjustments. Some possible adjustments to the primary school curriculum to the high school level include (1) imbalances in the effective learning offered. This is supported by the fact that, since the implementation of the national exam (in elementary schools), the field of mathematics studies has one of the lowest average values among national exam subjects. (2) The ongoing curriculum's requirements not fit with students intellectual development. This study will employ theory of learning based on Piaget's intellectual development from a variety of learning theories based on cognitive theory. According to Piaget's hypothesis, a child's development progresses over the course of 4 sequential phases, consisting :(1) Sensory motor period (ages 0 to 2 years), (2) per-operational period (ages 2 to 7 years), (3) concrete operational period (ages 7 to 11 years), and (4) formal operational period (ages 11 and onwards).The purpose of this research is to determine the level of effectiveness in teaching geometry unit math based on the conservation aspects of Piaget's theory. These goals can be summarized as follows: 1) Determining the amount of efficacy in teaching geometry unit math using Piaget's theory's conservation components;2) Identifying differences in the influence of age (9, 10, and 11) on receiving geometry unit math teachings based on the conservative aspects of Piaget's theory. To accomplish the study's objectives, the research utilized a per-experimental research design, particularly a pre-test-post-test design with one group. The results indicated that the learning accomplishment of geometry unit math based on the conservation aspects of Piaget's theory did not vary by age (9, 10, or 11 years). The study's findings indicate that there is no interaction effect between the ages of 9 and 10 on math learning achievement, (2.2) that there is no interaction effect between the ages of 9 and 11 on math learning achievement, (2.3) there is no interaction effect between the ages of 10 and 11 on math learning achievement, and (2.4) that there is no interaction effect between the ages of 9 and 10 on math learning achievement. Keywords: Mathematics, elementary school.

The Effectiveness of Case Method Learning in View of Students' Critical Thinking Ability

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of the case method in terms of students' critical thinking skills. This type of research is a quasy experiment with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population of this study was all students of the Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program (PGSD) at the University of Mataram. The sample used in this study were 29 semesters 2 students taking elementary school mathematics education courses. Data collection techniques using test and non-test techniques. The instrument for collecting data uses a critical thinking ability test. The analysis technique uses the normality test for the prerequisite test, the t-test to find out the difference in the pretest and posttest averages, and the N-Gain score test to determine the effectiveness of the case method. The results showed that the results of the pretest and posttest of students' critical thinking skills obtained successive significance scores of 0.088 > 0.05 and 0.094 > 0.05 meaning that the data was normally distributed. Furthermore, the statistical results of the t-test showed a significance value of 0.000 <0.05. This means that there is a significant difference in average between the pretest and posttest. While the result of the N-Gain score is 0.713 and is in the high category, it can be said that the implementation of the case method has a high level of effectiveness on students' critical thinking skills.

Learning data science in elementary school mathematics: a comparative curriculum analysis

BackgroundData literacy is increasingly important in today’s data-driven world. Students across many educational systems first formally learn about data in elementary school not as a separate subject but via the mathematics curriculum. This experience can create tensions in the priorities of learning and assessment given the presence of other foundational mathematics content domains such as numbers, algebra, measurement, and geometry. There is a need to study data literacy in comparison to these other content domains in elementary mathematics. To address this need, we developed a methodology motivated by thinking curriculum theory and aligned with international assessment framework, for comparative analysis across mathematics content domains. This methodology examined increasing levels of cognitive domains from knowing to applying to reasoning across mathematics content domains. Intended, assessed, and attained curricula were analyzed using Singapore as a case study, combined with broader comparisons to attainments in four East Asian countries in TIMSS, an international large-scale assessment.ResultsWe found that learning in the data domain had very limited coverage in intended and assessed curricula in Singapore. However, compared to other mathematics content domains, the data curriculum placed heavier emphasis on higher-order cognitive domains including the use of generally difficult mixed data visualizations. This demanding curriculum in Singapore was associated with the highest attainment in the data domain among average 4th grade Singaporean students relative to students in four East Asian countries in TIMSS, as analyzed by quantile regression. However, lower-performing Singaporean students at the 10th percentile generally did not outperform their East Asian peers. We further found very limited applications of data in other mathematics domains or cross-domain learning more generally.ConclusionOur study offers a comparative analysis of the data curriculum in elementary school mathematics education. While the data curriculum was cognitively demanding and translated to very high average attainments of Singaporean students, the curriculum did not equally help weaker Singaporean students, with implications on current discourse on equity–excellence trade-off in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. Our study further highlights the lack of cross-domain learning in mathematics involving data. Despite the broad applicability of data science, elementary school students’ first formal experience with data may lack emphasis on its cross-domain applications, suggesting a need to further integrate data skills and competencies into the mathematics curriculum and beyond.

Pelatihan Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif di Sekolah Dasar

Community service activities in the form of elementary mathematics learning training. This activity was carried out at SDN 032 Kebun Sari, Wonomulyo District, Polman Regency, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Participants in the community service activities were elementary school mathematics teachers who were members of the Teacher Working Group in Wonomulyo District, Polewali Mandar Regency. The objectives of the community service activities are: (1) Increasing knowledge of innovative mathematics learning strategies for elementary school teachers; and (2) Increasing the knowledge of elementary school teachers about elementary math concept knowledge. Community service activities have increased elementary mathematics teachers' understanding of learning strategies and knowledge of elementary math concepts for math teachers in the Wonomulyo sub-district.

Development of Sipitung Media (Smart Calculating Action) on Summary Materials in Improving Students' Learning Outcomes in Class 1 Students of SD Negeri 2 Kumbang

This study aims to examine the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of the developed media. In this study the method used is research and development (R&D) because the product being developed is learning media in real form, not software engineering. The model used in this research and development is the ADDIE model which consists of 5 stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. In the analysis phase, researchers analyzed needs based on observations and interviews with elementary school mathematics teachers. The design stage is the stage in determining the selection of materials, determining the design, and the initial design of the Sipitung learning media (smart count action) to be made. Development, namely the feasibility testing stage of the sipitung media (smart count action) carried out by material experts and design experts obtained a score of 98.3% with very feasible criteria. The implementation stage, namely the practicality test of sipitung media (smart count action) by giving a questionnaire to grade 1 mathematics teachers obtained a score of 100% and 15 grade 1 students obtained a score of 94.83% with very practical criteria to use. The final stage is evaluation, namely testing the effectiveness of the Sipitung media (smart count action) in improving student learning outcomes with an average score before using the media of 56.33 and after using it 90.33.

Opinions of Pre-service Elementary School Mathematics Teachers on Misconceptions

The aim of this study is to determine the opinions of pre-service elementary school mathematics teachers about misconceptions. For this purpose, case study, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used. The study was conducted with 54 pre-service elementary school mathematics teachers. The data collection tool of the research consists of written response papers that they give to open-ended questions asked to participants. The views of pre-service elementary school mathematics teachers to open-ended questions were analyzed by content analysis. In order to prevent misconceptions that may arise during the lesson, pre-service elementary school mathematics teachers stated that they would; investigate the misconceptions, prepare for the lesson, study the subject, concretize the subject, visualize, determine the pre-learning, give daily life examples, etc. In order to determine whether their students have misconceptions, they stated that they would ask questions, evaluate the answers, solve the test, examine the mistakes and questions, observe the reactions, etc. It is recommended for further research to examine how pre-service elementary school mathematics teachers take precautions to avoid misconceptions by preparing a lesson plan, and to examine the situations of determining and correcting mistakes in students by observing the lessons of the teachers.