Mathematical Model Of Forest Fires Research Articles

Mathematical Model of Forest Fire and Its Relationship with Simulations and Serious Games (SSG)

Forest fires are readily available, but data is not. We present our abstract mathematical model of a forest fire in Bulgaria, without any real-world data. Our main thesis is that it looks realistic. Our calibration techniques are limited to integer values, with a hint of real numbers. Our visualization technique is fixed function pipeline OpenGL implementation, but it does the job. Our programmer staff is limited to two people, both experts in their fields, that managed to make two distinct software products, that have as a base the same solid mathematical algorithm.

Numerical Solution of Problem for Forest Fire Initiation and Spread

The theoretical study of the problems of forest fire initiation and spread were carried out in this paper. Mathematical model of forest fire was based on an analysis of experimental data and using concept and methods from reactive media mechanics. The research was based on numerical solution of three-dimensional Reynolds equations for boundary layer of atmosphere and forest vegetation. The boundary-value problem is solved numerically using the method of splitting according to physical processes.

Mathematical Modeling of Large Forest Fires Initiation and Spread

It is presented mathematical model for description of heat and mass transfer processes at crown and large forest fires initiation and spread, taking into account their mutual influences. Mathematical model of forest fire was based on an analysis of experimental data and using concepts and methods from reactive media mechanics. The paper suggested in the context of the general mathematical model of forest fires give a new mathematical setting and method of numerical solution of a problem of a forest fire modeling. The boundary-value problem is solved numerically using the control volume methods and method of splitting according to physical processes. In this context, a study - mathematical modeling - of the conditions of forest fire initiation and spreading that would make it possible to obtain a detailed picture of the change in the velocity, temperature and component concentration fields with time, and determine as well as the conditions of forest fires initiation and spread is of interest.

A Numerical Study of Crown Forest Fires Behaviour

The theoretical investigation of the problems oflarge forest fires initiation and spread was carried out in thispaper. Mathematical model of forest fire was based on ananalysis of experimental data and using concept and methodsfrom reactive media mechanics. The research was based onnumerical solution of three dimensional Reynolds equations. Theboundary-value problem is solved numerically using the methodof splitting according to physical processes. A discrete analoguefor the system of equations was obtained by means of the controlvolume method. The developed numerical model of forest fireinitiation and spreading would make it possible to obtain adetailed picture of the variation in the velocity, temperature andchemical species concentration fields with time. The results ofcalculation give an opportunity to describe conditions of crownforest fires initiation and spread at different properties of forestsand meteorological conditions. Forest fires contours and theirsizes depend on crown properties: bulk density, moisture contentof forest fuel, distribution of combustion sources and etc.

Mathematical modeling of the initiation and spread of forest fires and their impact on buildings and structures

Currently, methods of mathematical modeling are used to study processes in emergency situations. Forest fires are extremely complex and destructive natural phenomena which depend on availability of fuel, meteorological and other conditions. Mathematical model of forest fire is based on an analysis of known experimental data and using concept and methods from reactive media mechanics. In this paper the theoretical study of the problems of crown forest fire spread in windy condition and their thermal impact on the wooden building were carried out. The research was based on numerical solution of two-dimensional Reynolds equations. The boundary-value problem is solved numerically using the method of splitting according to physical processes. A discrete analogue for the system of equations was obtained by means of the control volume method. A study of forest fire spreading made it possible to obtain a detailed picture of the change of the component concentration of gases and temperature fields in forest fire and on the wall of building with time. It let to determine the limiting distances between forest fire and building for possibility of wooden walls ignition for different meteorology conditions, size of building and intensity of fire impact.

Simulation of forest fires based on a two-dimensional three-phase model

A two-dimensional three-phase mathematical model of forest fires constructed by the method of averaging over the height of the forest fuel layer is considered. The gas phase in the model is described by gas dynamics equations with the k − ε turbulence model and the eddy breakup model to describe the rate of turbulent combustion and the rate of heat generation; the solid phase is described by a system of evolution equations for the change in the volume fractions of forest fuel and solid products of their pyrolysis with kinetic formulas for the rates of chemical reactions; and the disperse phase is described by the transfer equations for the mass and energy of solid burning particles in the wind field above the forest fuel layer. For the numerical implementation of the proposed model, a parallel software package is created. The results of calculations of the forest fire propagation with consideration of the basic physical-chemical processes and mechanisms typical of the real forest wildfire propagation are presented.

A numerical solution of the problem of crown forest fire initiation and spread

Mathematical model of forest fire was based on an analysis of known experimental data and using concept and methods from reactive media mechanics. The study takes in to account the mutual interaction of the forest fires and three-dimensional atmosphere flows. The research is done by means of mathematical modeling of physical processes. It is based on numerical solution of Reynolds equations for chemical components and equations of energy conservation for gaseous and condensed phases. It is assumed that the forest during a forest fire can be modeled as a two-temperature multiphase non-deformable porous reactive medium. A discrete analog for the system of equations was obtained by means of the control volume method. The developed model of forest fire initiation and spreading would make it possible to obtain a detailed picture of the variation in the velocity, temperature and chemical species concentration fields with time. Mathematical model and the result of the calculation give an opportunity to evaluate critical conditions of the forest fire initiation and spread which allows applying the given model for of means for preventing fires.

Алгоритм численного решения для двумерной трехфазной модели лесных пожаров

Алгоритм численного решения для двумерной трехфазной модели лесных пожаров

Двумерная трехфазная математическая модель лесных пожаров

A two-dimensional three-phase mathematical model of forest fires is considered. The model is based on the averaging of initial multiphase medium equations over the height of the forest fuel (FF) layer. The developed model can be used to carry out numerical simulation of the forest fire-front propagation under the conditions of a heterogeneous FF distribution, the presence of obstacles to the fire propagation, and takes into account the transfer of burning particles by wind over the FF layer and their fall-out.

Algorithms for Parallelizing a Mathematical Model of Forest Fires on Supercomputers and Theoretical Estimates for the Efficiency of Parallel Programs

The author develops algorithms of parallel implementation of a mathematical model of forest fires to model processes of their occurrence, development, and propagation taking into account physical and chemical processes. Approaches to parallel implementation and schemes of decomposition of solution domains for two-dimensional cases are proposed. Coarse-grained parallelization methods are proposed to be used in the SPMD model of calculations. Formulas are given that make it possible to theoretically estimate the efficiency of parallel programs.

Mathematical modelling of the spread of contamination during fires in forests exposed to radioactive contamination

The paper suggested in the context of the general mathematical model of forest fires [1] gives a new mathematical setting and method of numerical solution of a problem of a radioactive spread above the forest region. Numerical solution of problems of radioactive smoke spread during crown fire in exemplified heat energy release in the forest fire front was found. Heat energy release in the forest fire front was found to cause further radioactive particles spread by the action of wind. In the absence of wind, radioactive smoke particles deposit again on the underlying surface after a time. As a wind velocity increases, these particles are transferred in the ground layer over distances proportional to a wind velocity.

Parallel computing in forest fires two-dimension modeling

A two-dimensional two-phase mathematical model of forest fires is considered. The model is derived by averaging the three-dimensional equations over the thickness of the forest fuel material layer. The results of a demonstrative numerical simulation of the process of forest fire spread using multiprocessor computer are presented.

Mathematical Modeling of Crown Forest Fire Spread

Mathematical model of forest fire was based on an analysis of known experimental data and using concept and methods from reactive media mechanics. In this paper the assignment and theoretical investigations of the problems of crown forest fire spread in windy condition were carried out. In this context, a study—mathematical modeling—of the conditions of forest fire spreading that would make it possible to obtain a detailed picture of the change in the temperature and component concentration fields with time, and determine as well as the limiting condition of fire propagation in forest with fire break.

Mathematical modeling of the ignition of tree crowns

Numerical calculations of the transition of a downstream (surface) forest fire into an upstream (crown) forest fire based on a general mathematical model of forest fires are presented. It is found that the ignition of the forest canopy is a gas-phase phenomenon. Critical conditions for the transition of a downstream into an upstream forest fire are determined. The numerical calculations are compared with experimental data.

Comparative analysis of the thermokinetic constants for drying and pyrolyzing forest fuels

Thermogravimetric measurement in an inert medium and the simplest kinetic equations are used to obtain thermokinetic constants for drying and pyrolizing typical forest fuels. The adequacy of the model is demonstrated experimentally. Materials are identified for which a single value of the kinetic constants can be used. Methods are suggested for using these values in a general mathematical model of forest fires.