Maternal Mortality Rate In Indonesia Research Articles

Continuum of care in maternal and child health in Indonesia.

This paper aims to empirically analyze the socioeconomic and demographic correlates of maternal and child health (MCH) care utilization in Indonesia using the continuum of care (CoC) concept. The concept of CoC has emerged as an important guiding principle in reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health. Indonesia's maternal mortality rate, neonatal mortality, and under-five mortality rates are among the highest in the Southeast Asian region. Using pooled data from four successive waves of the nationally representative Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) conducted in the years 2002, 2007, 2012, and 2017, we use multivariate regression models to analyze care across four components of the continuum: antenatal care (ANC), institutional delivery, postnatal care for children, and full immunization (IM). CoC at each stage of MCH care has improved continuously over the period 2002-2017 in Indonesia. Despite this, just less than one out of two children receive all four components of the CoC. The overall coverage of CoC from its second stage (four or more ANC visits) to the final stage (full child IM) is driven by the dropouts at the ANC visit stage, followed by the loss of postnatal checkups and child IM. We find that the probability of a child receiving CoC at each of the four stages is significantly associated with maternal age and education, the household's socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, and economic status. Complete CoC with improved, affordable, and accessible MCH care services has the potential to accelerate the progress of Sustainable Development Goal 3 by reducing maternal and childhood mortality risks. Our findings show that in Indonesia, the CoC continuously declines as women proceed from ANC to other MCH services, with a sharp decline observed after four ANC visits. Our study has identified key socioeconomic characteristics of women and children that increase their probability of failing to access care.

Designing Indonesian Maternal and Child Health Mobile Applications using User-Centered Design

The high maternal mortality rate in Indonesia has led the Indonesian government to develop a mobile application for maternal and child health (MCH). However, this application received a bad rating on the applications distribution platform, and even some of its features could not function properly. Therefore, this study aims to design the MCH application. This study used the user-centered design (UCD) methodology with three iterations and applied Shneiderman's eight golden rules. Participants involved in the data collection and evaluation process were health workers, health experts, and pregnant women. The first iteration's evaluation will produce a low-fidelity prototype (wireframe), whereas the second and third iteration's evaluations will produce a refined high-fidelity clickable prototype. The resulting prototype has several major features, including notes entry, information and education, reminders, a blood supplement tablet tracker, and monitoring of fetal development. Evaluation in the first iteration utilized interviews to validate the wireframe, whereas the second and third iterations utilized usability testing and system usability scale (SUS). In the second iteration, the final SUS score was 71.2, or "good," while in the third iteration, the final SUS score was 85.4, or "excellent." This research is expected to contribute to two areas: serving as a reference for pregnancy application interface designs, especially for MCH applications, as well as the improvement and development of pregnancy health applications using the UCD methodology.

Impact, Implications, Challenges of Accelerating Maternal Mortality Rates in Indonesia

This article discusses the impacts, implications and challenges of accelerating maternal mortality rates in Indonesia. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in Indonesia is still a serious public health problem. MMR in Indonesia shows a downward trend throughout the 1991-2015 period. However, in 2012 the infant mortality rate increased again and then fell in 2018. Even though it shows a decline, the MMR in Indonesia is still relatively high and still above the MDGS target of 102 per 100,000 live births. MMR in Indonesia in 2021 compared to 2020. The impact of a high MMR is a decline in the productive and competitive workforce, a decline in social welfare and poverty, a decline in life expectancy and quality of life in society, a decline in fertility rates and population growth, which can affect the demographic structure and demographic bonus. and declining reproductive and nutritional health status of women and children. Meanwhile, the implications arising from a high MMR are implications in terms of health, social, economic and development status. The challenges faced by Indonesia in reducing MMR are the low health budget allocation, the lack of health facilities and personnel, low access to PONED (Basic Emergency Neonatal Obstetric Services) and PONEK (Comprehensive Emergency Neonatal Obstetric Services) facilities, high disparities in socio-economic levels, and low awareness and healthy living behavior in the community. The conclusion of this short article about the maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is that the maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is still high and has not yet reached the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) target set by the UN, namely 70 per 100,000 live births in 2030. This article recommends Reducing MMR requires comprehensive and collaborative efforts from all parties, including central and regional governments, health institutions, civil society organizations, academics, media and society.

The Relationship of Pregnant Women's Knowledge and Attitudes With Compliance With Integrated Antenatal Care Visits During The Covid-19 Pandemic in The Working Area of The Kapau Health Center, Agam District

One of the factors causing the high maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is the low quality of behavior antenatal pregnant women who do not use services Antenatal Care well during pregnancy. General purpose Integrated antenatal care is so that all pregnant women receive quality and comprehensive pregnancy checks that enable pregnant women to face the pregnancy period using the positive experiences they have and give birth to healthy babies during delivery. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women and compliance with visits antenatal care integrated services for mothers during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Kapau Community Health Center working area. Research design cross sectional conducted on 108 selected pregnant women accidental sampling. As many as 64.8% of pregnant women were obedient to attending antenatal visits, pregnant women with good knowledge were 62.0%, and those who had a positive attitude were 71.3%. The results of the analysis show that there is a relationship between knowledge (p-value=0.003) and attitude (p-value=0.003) with visitsantenatal, it is recommended for pregnant women to make regular visits antenatal and actively seek information about pregnancy health to increase knowledge and awareness in the use of pregnancy checks.

Efektivitas Mobile Health “Nifas Sehat” terhadap Selfcare Agency pada Ibu Nifas Primigravida

The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that in 2019, there were 303,000 maternal deaths worldwide, with 99% of them occurring in developing countries. According to the Ministry of Health, the maternal mortality rate in Indonesia was 305 per 100,000 live births in 2012-2015, dropping to 240 per 100,000 live births in 2019. However, this figure is still high compared to developed countries which have a maternal mortality rate of 14 per 100,000 live births.The postpartum period is a critical period for mothers, where 60% of maternal deaths occur after delivery and 50% of these deaths occur in the first 24 hours of the postpartum period. Complications during the postpartum period occur in 73% of cases, but not all of them result in maternal death. Primigravida is a term used to describe a woman who is pregnant for the first time. According to WHO data, the maternal mortality rate for primigravida women is higher than for multigravida women. The most common causes of maternal death in Indonesia are bleeding, hypertension during pregnancy, and infection. The Ministry of Health is working to improve the health service system to reduce maternal and infant mortality rates, including during the Covid-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to measure the level of self-care agency in primigravida postpartum mothers before and after using mobile health "Sehat Postpartum".

THE COMPREHENSIVE MIDWIFERY CARE WITH NY. R IN DEPENDENT MIDWIFERY PRACTICE NURIL’S SIDOARJO

Background: The maternal mortality rate in Indonesia in 2022 will be 189 / 100 thousand live births. This figure is still high when compared to the MMR target in 2024, namely 183 / 100 thousand live births. One of the midwives' efforts to reduce MMR is by providing comprehensive/ sustainable midwifery care (CoC). The purpose of this case study is to describe the results of implementing CoC midwifery care for Mrs. R aged 29 years at TPMB Nuril Sidoarjo for 3 days. Method: This midwifery care case study uses a descriptive method, where Mrs. R is given care starting from the third trimester of pregnancy, childbirth, newborns, postpartum to family planning. CoC midwifery care provided to Mrs. R is standard midwifery care. Result: The results of the case study show that from the midwifery care given to Mrs. R, it was found that the condition of the mother and baby was still within normal limits without any complications until the end of the implementation of comprehensive midwifery care. Conclusion : The midwifery care provided to the subject was in accordance with applicable standard midwifery care procedures. So that no complications occur in the subject when midwifery care is provided.

Simulation Of Orange Fruit Use And Small Group Discussions In A Village With Extreme Poverty To Mitigate Anemia In Pregnant Women: A Community Program Report In Indonesia

Introduction: Haemorrhage remains one of the leading causes of maternal mortality in Indonesia. One significant factor contributing to bleeding is the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women. Early detection of anemia is crucial in preventing this condition, but the limited knowledge among pregnant women can impede successful treatment of anemia in Indonesia. Objective: The purpose of this community service project is to enhance pregnant women’s understanding of anemia during pregnancy and enhance their mindset so that they recognize the significance of avoiding and treating anemia during pregnancy. Research Method: The study involved conducting a simulation that utilized citrus fruit and organizing small group discussions about anemia. The participants were 30 pregnant women residing in impoverished areas in the Karawang district. Results: The minimal knowledge score showed a significant rise between before and after the activity, rising from a minimum score of 7 to a minimum score of 13. Similarly, the maximum knowledge score climbed from 80 to 100. The majority of respondents expressed a strong consensus that anemia poses a significant risk to pregnancy. Consequently, respondents also strongly concurred on the need for concerted measures to address this issue. To prevent anemia, it is important to take iron supplement tablets and maintain a diet that is rich in nutritious food. Conclusion: Engaging in positive activities outside of pregnancy check-ups with healthcare professionals can serve as a platform for receiving support and fostering mutual sharing among pregnant women. This has the potential to enhance the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women towards preventing anemia throughout pregnancy.

Laporan Kasus: Postpartum Preeklampsia Berat Impending Eklampsia dengan Hipertensi Koroidopati dan Edema Makula

Preeclampsia is one of the pregnancy-related issues that contributes to a high maternal mortality rate in Indonesia. Severe preeclampsia occurs when the gestational age is <20 weeks, systolic blood pressure is >160 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure is >110 mmHg, accompanied by organ dysfunction. Preeclampsia may persist after delivery for <12 weeks. Hypertension during pregnancy can affect various organs, including the eyes. Visual impairment due to hypertension is associated with damage to the choroid (choroidopathy) and macula (macular edema). Prompt and appropriate management has a positive impact on recovery. Administration of MgSO4 and antihypertensive medications can prevent seizures and lower blood pressure.

Age and Parity as Risk Factors for Childbirth Complications: A Systematic Review

Maternal deaths result from complications during, after pregnancy and childbirth. Factors affecting maternal mortality in Indonesia are 4 too and 3 too late. The main causes that account for nearly 75% of all maternal deaths are postpartum hemorrhage, infection, high blood pressure during pregnancy, complications from childbirth and unsafe abortion. This study aimed to analyze, synthesize, summarize and compare the results of one study with another on "The Relationship of Age and Parity to the Incidence of Complications of Childbirth. The method used in this study was to search various online data centers namely PubMed, Science Direct, Directory of Open Access Journals, Wiley, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus. It was found that advanced maternal age and parity status was associated with an increased risk of delivery or obstetrics complication.

A STUDY OF MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES BY PRIVATE MIDWIVES IN SURABAYA CITY, INDONESIA

Maternal mortality in Indonesia increased but the coverage of antenatal care and birth attendants by health workers is high. The majority of antenatal care was by private midwives and the majority of birth attendants was by midwives. The study aims to determine the maternal health services by private midwives in maternal health services. It was a mixed study, carried out in Surabaya City because of the highest maternal deaths in East Java Province in 2016. The secondary data of maternal health services were collected from Surabaya City Health Office and Indonesian Midwives Association of Branch Surabaya City. The qualitative data were domain on internal and external problems of private practice midwives. There were 10 informants whom selected purposively. The data were collected by round table discussion. The secondary data were analyzed univariately and the qualitative data were analyzed descriptively. From about 250 private midwives in Surabaya City, 133 were ‘Delima’ midwives in which a program of the Indonesia Midwives Association. Maternal health services by private midwives enhance access. The ‘Delima’ midwives have requirements of knowledge, enhancing skill, reporting, infrastructure standards, and development. So, the quality of maternal health services by ‘Delima’ midwives was relatively better. However, private midwives’ services, including the ‘Delima’ midwives in Surabaya city had not analyzed ANC results, pregnant women visiting private midwives should visit health centers for integrated ANC, midwives’ duties beyond educational competencies, and lack of mentoring for apprentice midwives because of many midwives’ duties. It suggests improving the knowledge and skill of private midwives.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN JUS BAYAM HIJAU TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA IBU HAMIL DENGAN ANEMIA DI KLINIK PRATAMA CITRA MARENDAL KEC. DELI TUA KAB. DELI SERDANG TAHUN 2023

Anemia in pregnant ladies is an indirect cause of maternal mortality in Indonesia. The effects of anemia in pregnant women are: miscarriage, extended transport, mom and baby infections, haemorrhage, untimely birth, low start weight, malnutrition of the fetus, intrauterine increase retardation (IUGR). Non-pharmacological methods, specifically the consumption of green amaranth (Amaranthus Viridis), are used in interventions to growth hemoglobin degrees. This observe turned into carried out at Citra Marendal number one faculty from February to June 2023. This sort of study is a pre-submit-trial organization trial. The population recognized in this look at was pregnant girls with anemia. The cutting-edge pattern length is sixteen individuals selected at random from the population. The p-price acquired was (0.000) due to a -variable evaluation of the effect of green spinach juice on increasing hemoglobin tiers in anemic pregnant girls. therefore, from the outcomes of two-variable analysis with p < α (0.05), it can be concluded that spinach juice has the impact of growing hemoglobin in pregnant ladies at Citra Marendal Pratama health facility, Deli Tua District, Deli Serdang regent. girls with anemia with the aid of 2023. it's far recommended that expectant moms could advantage more from non-pharmacological interventions together with often consuming spinach juice to boom hemoglobin stages.

Reducing Maternal Mortality Rate Through Utilization of Agricultural Products and Antenatal Care with Agronursing Perspective

In Indonesia, the number of deliveries assisted by health personnel is still relatively low. Pregnancy checks (Antenatal Care = ANC) can motivate pregnant women to give birth to health workers. This study aims to determine the role of ANC in selecting birth attendants. This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the KKG Project Benefit Evaluation Survey (Family Health and Nutrition)—efforts to Reduce Maternal Mortality Rate Through Utilization of Agricultural Products and Antenatal Care in Agronursing Areas. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is the death of a woman during pregnancy or 42 days after giving birth. Indonesia is a country with a significant increase in the number of maternal mortalities of 359/100,000. This achievement still needs to catch up to the 2024 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) target, which is 183/100,000 KH, so this has made Indonesia experience a crisis in maternal health services. The low readiness of the mother to fulfill nutritional quality and conduct antenatal care can be a big problem in the birth process. Therefore, it is important to carry out socialization to reduce the maternal mortality rate by utilizing agricultural products to improve maternal nutrition through antenatal care. The purpose of doing community service for pregnant women is to reduce the Maternal Mortality Rate in Indonesia. Community empowerment is carried out by conducting lectures between researchers and participants.

THE CORRELATION OF QUALITY OF ANTENATAL CARE, MATERNAL COVID, AND MATERNAL MORTALITY DURING THE PANDEMIC PERIOD IN EAST JAVA, INDONESIA

Introduction: Indonesia's maternal mortality rate is still above the target of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Meanwhile, the trend of maternal mortality in Indonesia during the COVID- 19 pandemic in 2021 increased sharply from 4,627 to 6,865 cases in 2021. Aims: This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between the quality of maternal health services on the incidence of maternal COVID and maternal mortality during the COVID pandemic in East Java, Indonesia. Methods: The research was conducted in East Java Province in 2021. The sample was randomly selected as many as 35 samples from a total of 38 samples of Regencies / Cities. The data used secondary data sourced from data from the East Java Health Office. Data analysis used Person Correlation analysis with Chi-Square analysis method. Results: The first hypothesis did not find a relationship between quality of Antenatal Care services and Maternal COVID cases (p- value: 0.195, r: -0.087). The second hypothesis has a significant relationship between the Maternal COVID and the Maternal Mortality (p- value: 0.040, r: 0.548). Also, the third hypothesis showed a substantial correlation between Maternal Mortality and quality of Antenatal Care (p- value: 0.001, r: -0.555). Conclusion: There is a strong relationship between the high Maternal COVID cases and the quality of access to antenatal care services to the high Maternal COVID cases during the pandemic. There needs to be a strategy to improve the quality and access of antenatal care services in reducing the high maternal mortality rate.

PENGARUH (INISIASI MENYUSU DINI) IMD TERHADAP JUMLAH PERDARAHAN KALA IV DI KLINIK PRATAMA TANJUNG KECAMATAN DELI TUA TAHUN 2023

One of the MGDS global targets is to reduce MMR and IMR. The maternal mortality rate in Indonesia is still high at 390 per 100,000 live births. Referring to the link between birth management and various countermeasures for the biggest cause of AKI is postpartum hemorrhage. Efforts have been made in problems related to bleeding, even several studies have carried out IMD in treating bleeding problems considering that the presence of IMD can affect the hormone oxytocin which is associated with bleeding. The purpose of this study was to see how IMD influences the amount of bleeding in the fourth stageThis research is a quasi-experimental study using control and experimental groups. The population and sample were all mothers who gave birth as many as 16 respondents using the Purposive Sampling method. The data were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the Mann-Whitney test.The results showed that there was a significant effect between IMD on the amount of bleeding in the fourth stage. The average number of bleeding in the fourth stage of respondents who underwent Early Breastfeeding Initiation was 4.50 with a standard deviation of 12.683. Meanwhile, respondents in the control group averaged the amount of bleeding in the fourth stage was 12.50 with a standard deviation of 19.291. In the statistical test, the value of P = 0.001 <a0.05 was obtained With this study, it was found that there was an effect of IMD on the amount of bleeding in the fourth stage of labor. It is hoped that midwives and doctors will implement IMD in order to reduce morbidity and mortality of mothers and babies.

BINAHONG [Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis] LEAF INFUSA FOR SUTURE WOUND INFECTION CONVALESCENCE

Background: Postpartum infections are the top 4 main causes of the high maternal mortality rate in Indonesia at 2022 of 183 per 100,000 live births. Efforts to prevent complications due to infection of puerperal suture wounds with pharmacological therapy using antibiotics and antiseptics, as well as non-pharmacological ones using plant extracts. Binahong is believed to contain flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins, essential oils, and alkaloids, which are especially useful in healing wound infections. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of infusion of binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) on the healing of suture wound infections in rats (Rattus norvegicus) experimental animals. Method: The research method was a true-experimental posttest only control group design, the study was conducted from June to August 2023 at the Microbiology and Pharmacology Laboratory of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo University, the research variables were binahong leaf infusion and healing of suture infection, assessment and data collection using the REEDA scale instrument, statistical analysis with the one-way ANOVA, and post-hoc follow-up tests. Result: The results showed p <0.05, so there was a significant effect of giving binahong leaf infusion on the healing of suture wound infections. In terms of the difference in the mean value and the results of the post-hoc significant difference test, it appears that the 5% binahong leaf infusion group showed the most effective results in healing suture wound infections and was significantly different from the negative control group with less effective healing of suture infections. Conclusion : This is in line with research that states that the group given a 5% concentration of binahong extract was more effective than the group with a higher concentration. Thus, administration of a 5% concentration of binahong leaf infusion can be an alternative for healing suture wound infections due to the important content in it in the form of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins, essential oils, and alkaloids. Further research is needed with lower concentrations of binahong leaf infusion to find out the minimum concentration that can have a good effect on the convalescence of suture wound infections.

Risk Factors for Maternal Mortality in Indonesia: Systematic Review

Background: Seventeen Sustainment Development Goals are a joint agreement from countries around the world. Maternal mortality is included in Sustainment Development Goals3, whereby in 2030, the number is expected to decrease significantly. A systematic study has yet to be conducted in Indonesia to assess the factors involved in maternal mortality. This review focuses on the question, what are the risk factors, and which ones exert the most significant influence on maternal mortality in Indonesia? Methods: This systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items Checklist for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol) involving studies published between 2000 and 2021 through Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Medline, ScienceDirect, Google scholar, and Wiley Online Library, in English version. Study quality was assessed using the National Institutes of Health controlled intervention study. The risk of study bias was also assessed using The Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies – of Exposure tool. Results: There are 334,105 publications were discovered at initial search. Ten articles were finally eligible for further analysis. Risk factors included in the modifiable category including Prior medical history (40% of ten studies; OR range 3.322 – 20.143), pregnancy complications (40% of ten studies; OR range 2.31 – 9.75), delivery complications (30% of ten studies; OR range 5.08 – 8.5), puerperal complications (20% of ten studies; OR 4.19 – 4.382), parity (30% of ten studies; OR 0.25 – 33.949), Birth space (20% of ten studies; OR 0.49 – 5.806), Nutritional status (20% of ten studies; OR 1.37 – 13.256), delayed referral (30% of ten studies; OR 4.01 – 7.135), living area (30% of ten studies; OR 0.989 – 7.41), number of doctors (10% of ten studies; OR 0.99), triage response time (10% of ten studies; OR 1.88), Obst. resident response time (10% of ten studies; OR 1.02), and ICU waiting time (10% of ten studies; OR 1.01). Meanwhile, the most striking non-modifiable risk factor is the mother’s age (40% of ten studies; OR 0.27 – 2.792). Conclusion. The study describes some of the modifiable risk factors that can be used in the country’s health policies to improve the quality-of-care activities.

Effects of self-affirmation and positive visualization therapy for anxiety in 3rd-trimester pregnant women during the pandemic

Introduction: Adaption is required in responding to changes that can overcome the community's physical and mental health concerns, particularly adaption of pregnant women in preparation for childbirth during COVID-19 to minimize maternal mortality in Indonesia. Pregnancy during a pandemic like this may increase the risk of anxiety disorders in pregnant women. As a result, every individual must have a positive affirmation. Method: The purpose of this study is to learn more about the impact of self-affirmation and self-positive imagery on anxiety disorders in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. A quasi-experimental design was adopted in this investigation, comprising pre- and post-test groups. There are 52 people in the population. Sampling employs the Probability sampling approach in conjunction with simple random sampling. The intervention was performed four times. The respondent's degree of anxiety was assessed using the perinatal anxiety screening scale (PASS) questionnaire. Result: According to the findings, the average anxiety level prior to the intervention was 35.59, and the average anxiety level after the session was 18.72. Implementing self-affirmation and positive visualization has a significant (p = 0.000) effect on anxiety. Conclusion: During the pandemic, self-affirmation and positive imagery should be supplemented by a commitment to increasing positive thinking before to childbirth.

Characteristics of Multiparous Delivering Mothers with Perineal Rupture

Perineal rupture is a cause of postpartum bleeding within the first 24 hours. Hemorrhage is the primary cause of maternal mortality in Indonesia; birth canal trauma is the second leading cause of bleeding after uterine atony. The higher the mother's parity, the more reproductive functions tend to decline. The purpose of this research is to understand the characteristics of multiparous delivering mothers with perineal rupture. This study employs a quantitative descriptive approach. Data collection is derived from secondary sources obtained from medical records in the Delivery Room of the Sorong Regency General Hospital. The study was conducted in June 2023. The sample comprises all multiparous delivering mothers who experienced perineal rupture and met the inclusion criteria in the Delivery Room of the Sorong Regency General Hospital, totaling 242 delivering mothers from January to December 2022. The sampling technique used is Purposive Sampling. Univariate analysis is employed to calculate the frequency distribution, including the age of the mothers, education, occupation, perineal rupture, and newborn baby's weight. The majority of multiparous delivering mothers are between 20-35 years old, totaling 195 individuals (80.6%). The respondents' educational level is predominantly high school (SMA), totaling 124 individuals (51.2%). Non-working mothers account for 166 individuals (68.6%). The most frequent occurrence of perineal rupture is categorized as Level 1, totaling 81 individuals (33.5%). Newborns with the largest birth weight fall into the Normal category (2500-4000 grams), totaling 210 individuals (86.8%). Perineal rupture is one of the factors contributing to postpartum hemorrhage, which can lead to maternal death if not properly managed.
 

Optimalisasi Kelas Ibu Hamil Sebagai Upaya Deteksi Dini Gangguan Neuromusculoskeletal Ibu Hamil

Indonesia's Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) has yet to reach the SDGs goal by the end of 2030, which is less than 70% achievement targets. One of the reasons for the high MMR is the mother's inability to make decisions if there are problems during pregnancy. Providing knowledge to pregnant women and their families through pregnant women classes as an early detection effort to reduce MMR. Efforts for early detection are neuromusculoskeletal disorders of pregnant women. The purpose of this community service activity is to carry out early detection and increase the knowledge and skills of pregnant women about neuromusculoskeletal disorders in pregnant women. The method is carried out by conducting examinations for pregnant women, health education, and practical demonstrations on how to deal with neuromusculoskeletal disorders in pregnant women. The target of this activity is pregnant women who are in the working area of the Tirto Health Center, with as many as 51 pregnant women. The results of this community service activity are being able to carry out early detection of pregnant women by conducting health checks and increasing the knowledge of pregnant women about neuromusculoskeletal disorders with an average rating score of 23.06%. Pregnant women can practice how to deal with neuromusculoskeletal disorders in pregnant women. The Health Office can work with the Puskesmas and health workers, especially midwives, to carry out routine activities in conducting early detection of health problems in pregnant women through examinations, health counseling, or practice demonstrations on early detection of health in pregnant women.

Salira Accelerates Perineal Wound Healing in Postpartum Mothers

Introduction: Bacterial infections during childbirth and puerperium are the leading causes of maternal death worldwide, accounting for about one-tenth of the global burden of maternal mortality; most of the 75,000 maternal deaths are estimated to occur worldwide each year; this is a direct cause of maternal mortality (WHO, 2015a). The incidence of infections that contribute to maternal mortality looks so concerning in Indonesia because Indonesia has the highest Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) in ASEAN countries, namely 305 per 100,000 live births based on the 2015 Inter-Census Population Survey (SUPAS). This high maternal mortality rate makes the target of reducing MMR in Indonesia in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) still very far from the target of 70 per 100,000 live births in 2030 (Achadi, 2019). Innovative efforts to reduce the incidence of infection during the puerperium need to consider the existing community structure in Indonesia. Problem-solving and the current situation of public health status in Indonesia are still based on a logical and rational approach, so health problems become increasingly complex. When a rational approach feels deadlocked in dealing with health problems, it is vital to raise local wisdom as a way to solve it, one of which is the use of herbal plants that are believed to be passed down by people in Indonesia, such as the use of red betel leaves. Researchers are interested in conducting innovative research using non-pharmacological methods for treating perineal wounds using (Salira), an ointment derived from red betel leaves formulated for wound healing; its use is only applied to the perineal wound. Besides the method, this technique is very cheap, easy, and safe to do. The red betel plant contains chemical compounds such as ß-flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and essential oils. This study aims to identify the relationship between the characteristics of the respondents (age, education, occupation, parity, and rupture rate) with the Perineum Wound Healing Time using Salira. Methods: The research method used in this study was quasi-experimental with a control group design. The independent variable in this study was red betel leaf ointment (Salira). In contrast, the dependent variable was the perineal wound healing time, as the confounding variable was the characteristics of postpartum mothers. The sample selection method used accidental sampling. The sample size in this study was 40 people for the intervention group and 40 for the control group. We collected data using questionnaires, checklist sheets, and observation sheets. Researchers also gave perineum care booklets to postpartum mothers and red betel ointment. Results: The results showed that red betel ointment was effective in accelerating the healing process of perineal wounds in postpartum mothers. Red betel ointment has anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties, which can help reduce inflammation and infection of the perineal wound. In addition, red betel ointment can also help increase collagen production in wounds, an essential protein in the wound-healing process. The use of red betel ointment also does not cause significant side effects in postpartum mothers. This suggests that red betel ointment can be used as an alternative to perineal wound care that is safer and more effective than pharmacological drugs. Conclusion: Based on the results of existing research, it can be concluded that red betel ointment can help accelerate the healing process of perineal wounds in postpartum mothers. Red betel ointment has anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties, which can help reduce inflammation and infection of the perineal wound. In addition, red betel ointment can also help increase collagen production in wounds, an essential protein in the wound-healing process.