Good Quality Material Research Articles

The Promotion of Non-Communicable Disease Screening in Gurage Zone, Ethiopia: A Mixed-Method Study.

Despite the high non-communicable disease (NCD) mortality in Ethiopia, NCD screening in the country remains suboptimal. This study assessed the health communication process and materials designed to promote NCD screening among adult primary healthcare facility attendants in the Gurage Zone, Ethiopia. A parallel mixed-methods approach was employed. Seven health communication materials were evaluated using the Modified Clear Communication Index Score by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Seven key informants who were involved in the production were interviewed to explore the process. Users' satisfaction with the materials was assessed through a cross-sectional survey (N = 412). We used multivariable logistic regression with SPSS version 27 software to determine the factors associated with users' satisfaction. Thematic analysis was applied for the qualitative data analysis using Opencode 4.03 software. Qualitative interviews indicated that the production process relied on evidence, involved stakeholders, and included pretesting. The CDC index score revealed that five of the seven materials were considered clear and user-friendly, whereas two required improvement. Overall users' satisfaction with the material was high with a mean score of 22.10 (SD ± 2.34; min: 14, max: 25). Age and educational status had significant positive association with users' satisfaction. Developing health communication materials on promoting NCD screening based on evidence, stakeholders' input, and pretesting can lead to good quality material and user satisfaction. We recommend future research works to measure changes in NCD screening service uptake as a result of using the health communication materials considered in this study.

Graphene Synthesis by Electrochemical Reduction of Graphene Oxide and Its Characterizations

Graphene is one of the nanoscale materials that has attracted many researchers to continue in-depth study on its unique properties where both the graphene oxide (GO) and electrochemical reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) are the derivatives of graphene. GO and ERGO can be further modified chemically for many types of application such as sensor and water filter membrane. However, to restore the electrical property of graphene, GO should be reduced to ERGO. There are several types of reduction methods which are fast to produce good quality and high yield of graphene material. However, those methods use toxic chemicals to reduce GO which can bring negative impact to both human and environment. Therefore, an electrochemical approach can be carried out to solve this issue. This study presents the electrochemical synthesis of GO and electrochemical reduction of ERGO. All characterizations were conducted by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

Contribution to the valorization of dune sand in road technique

Road construction projects require the use of large quantities of good quality materials, which are not always available in the vicinity of the projects for use in order to create layers of pavement using hydraulic binders for the treatment of soils in place. This soil treatment technique consists of using lime and/or hydraulic binders to improve the soil characteristics. This technique has seen great development over the past twenty years. Soil treatment using products such as lime and/or hydraulic binders and/or cements allows the creation of backfill- and subgrade layers. This type of treatment requires a good knowledge of the material to be treated. This is the main reason why we undertook this study, which allows us not only to valorize local materials through this soil treatment technique and to overcome the shortage of noble materials, on the one hand but also to respond to economic and environmental aspects, on the other hand.

Potentiality of some lateritic clayey material from Meiganga as raw material in fired bricks making

The Meiganga lateritic clays and termite mounds were characterized for their use as construction materials. The six collected samples were subjected to mineralogical, geochemical, and physico-mechanical tests. Quartz, kaolinite, hematite, goethite, gibbsite, muscovite, and anatase are the main minerals in raw materials, while after firing at 1050 °C, mullite is formed. The SiO2/Al2O3 ratio greater than 1 indicates a high SiO2 content, which is consistent with the presence of quartz as an associate mineral to kaolinite. Considering linear shrinkage globally less than 5 % and flexural and compressive strengths greater than 2 and 7 MPa, respectively, four clay materials are suitable to produce bricks at all the studied temperatures, whereas two others only after firing at 1050 °C. As the studied characteristics do not depend on the nature of the material, exploring termite mound material in the Meiganga area would provide additional good-quality material to make up for any deficit that might arise.

Abstract A024: Genomic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) study: A sponsored testing program to identify patients harboring genetic alterations in advanced UC in support of the FX-909 Phase 1 study

Abstract The transcription factor PPARG is associated with the luminal lineage subtype representing ~65% of advanced urothelial cancer (UC) patients. Recurrent genetic alterations in PPARG, fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3), and the heterodimeric binding partner for PPARG, retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRA), are characteristic of this luminal subtype. FX-909, a covalent PPARG inverse agonist, represents a promising first-in-class therapy for patients with advanced UC. FX-909-CLINPRO-1 [NCT05929235] is an open-label Phase 1 study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, biologic activity, and preliminary clinical activity of FX-909. This study includes a Phase 1b expansion cohort, which will enroll advanced UC patients with genetic alterations in PPARG, RXRA, and/or FGFR3. FlareTx is sponsoring a testing program called Genomic PPARG Study (GPS) to enable investigators to identify patients with these relevant genetic alterations. Tumors collected from patients with advanced UC were sequenced using the Tempus xT assay (DNA-seq of 648 genes at 500x coverage; RNA-seq). A clinical report is generated and returned to the physician to guide selection of approved therapies, and if appropriate to support eligibility for inclusion in the study. FlareTx is provided with de-identified genomic data, where assessment of the prevalence of genetic alternations such as copy number variation (CNV), fusions and mutations (single nucleotide variants) in PPARG, RXRA and FGFR3 are undertaken. Additionally, luminal molecular classification is performed using the Robertson method [1]. PPARG mean expression value are normalized by transcripts-per-million (TPM) and reported as Log2[TPM+1]. In the initial data set of 27 patients, 3 patients had PPARG amplification (CN >/= 3), 3 patients had RXRA hotspot mutation (S427F) [2], 6 patients had FGFR3 mutation(s), and 1 patient had both PPARG amplification and a FGFR3 mutation. Twenty of 27 patients tested had sufficient starting material of good quality to also perform whole transcriptome analysis. The mean mRNA expression level of PPARG was 6.77 Log2[TPM+1] (range 2.91 Log2[TPM+1] – 9.22 Log2[TPM+1]). Consistent with the Robertson subtype distribution, 65% of patients were luminal and 35% were non-luminal (basal-squamous and neuronal); 10 of 13 luminal patients had one or more genetic alteration in PPARG, RXRA and/or FGFR3. High PPARG expression was associated with luminal subtype compared to non-luminal subtype (7.90 Log2[TPM+1] vs 4.67 Log2[TPM+1]; p=0.00042). GPS is open at two active Phase 1 sites, with several more planned as the study advances towards the Phase 1B dose expansion stage. GPS runs concurrently with the FX-909 study and is a novel precision strategy to maximize identifying advanced UC patients with actionable genetic alterations to potentially enroll in the clinical study.

Digital Alloy-Grown InAs/GaAs Short-Period Superlattices with Tunable Band Gaps for Short-Wavelength Infrared Photodetection.

The InGaAs lattice-matched to InP has been widely deployed as the absorption material in short-wavelength infrared photodetection applications such as imaging and optical communications. Here, a series of digital alloy (DA)-grown InAs/GaAs short-period superlattices were investigated to extend the absorption spectral range. The scanning transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution X-ray diffraction, and atomic force microscopy measurements exhibit good material quality, while the photoluminescence (PL) spectra demonstrate a wide band gap tunability for the InGaAs obtained via the DA growth technique. The photoluminescence peak can be effectively shifted from 1690 nm (0.734 eV) for conventional random alloy (RA) InGaAs to 1950 nm (0.636 eV) for 8 monolayer (ML) DA InGaAs at room temperature. The complete set of optical constants of DA InGaAs has been extracted via the ellipsometry technique, showing the absorption coefficients of 398, 831, and 1230 cm-1 at 2 μm for 6, 8, and 10 ML DA InGaAs, respectively. As the period thickness increases for DA InGaAs, a red shift at the absorption edge can be observed. Furthermore, the simulated band structures of DA InGaAs via an environment-dependent tight binding model agree well with the measured photoluminescence peaks, which is advantageous for a physical understanding of band structure engineering via the DA growth technique. These investigations and results pave the way for the future utilization of the DA-grown InAs/GaAs short-period superlattices as a promising absorption material choice to extend the photodetector response beyond the cutoff wavelength of random alloy InGaAs.

Metabolomic and Growth Responses of Houttyunia cordata to Varying Light Intensities and Subsequent Effects on Fermented Products

Suitable light intensities were studied to enable sustainable and efficient cultivation of Houttuynia cordata with a high yield of bioactive compounds which later can be a good quality material for fermentation. To achieve this goal, the evaluation of physiological adaptation and elucidation of the metabolic alterations of Houttuynia cordata in response to different light intensities were conducted. Four-month-old H. cordata was exposed to 3 different light intensities: high light, control, and low light (100, 50 and 20 % natural irradiances, respectively). Physiological responses were measured using leaf gas exchange. The same leaf samples were either methanolic extracted for LC-QTOF-MS analysis to generate metabolite fingerprints or fermented for 3 months prior to quercetin quantification. High light treatment had the greatest effects on both the physiology and metabolisms of H. cordata compared to control and low light treatments. Compared to the control, the key results observed in high-light-grown H. cordata were a significant increase in photosynthesis, a decrease in relative chlorophyll contents, the enrichment of the top 3 metabolic pathways (phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, pyruvate metabolism and fatty acid degradation) and increasing quercetin concentrations in both fresh and fermented leaves. Metabolite fingerprints of high light-grown H. cordata were distinctively different from those of the other 2 treatments according to PCA and hierarchical clustering analysis. In conclusion, H. cordata responded to high light intensity by enriching the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway to elevate sunscreen pigments. Additional acetyl-CoA generated from pyruvate metabolism and fatty acid degradation was a key supporting factor in the above response. As high quercetin concentration was observed in both fresh and fermented leaves, this will lead to quality improvement of the fermented products. HIGHLIGHTS The remarkable effects of light intensities on Houttuynia cordata growth and abundance of bioactive compounds are substantial, but the underlying mechanism has never been investigated. Metabolomics technology was applied to gain insight into light-induced metabolic reconfiguration. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Chemical indicators of the quality of Varaždin pumpkin seed oil

Varaždin pumpkin seed oil is a virgin edible oil obtained by roasting and mechanically pressing dry pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo L.). The aroma is dominated by a sense of toastiness interwoven with a specific nutty taste without any foreign or rancid smell or taste. It is dark green to black in colour with a reddish glow. It is characterized by fragrant, spicy notes and a well-balanced bouquet. The basic quality chemical parameters of Varaždin pumpkin seed oil monitored over the past eight years show that the proportion of free fatty acids (expressed as oleic) is less than 1%, which indicates good quality of the raw material and the applied oil production technology. The peroxide value is less than 4 mmol O2/kg, which is an indicator of good oxidation stability of the oil during its storage. The average value of the representation of unsaturated fatty acids is more than 80%, and variations in the fatty acid composition are the result of specific climatic conditions occuring in the year of growing and harvesting pumpkins.

Characterization of recycled sands and aggregates from selective separation

AbstractThe use of recycling materials from demolished concrete as raw material for structural application represents an opportunity for decreasing the consumption of primary raw materials and waste generation, thus increasing global sustainability. However, this potential is nowadays not fully exploited due to standards limitations and concerns from the construction industry about the negative effect of the recycled sand in the fresh and hardened concrete performance. Thus, most of the recycled sand produced is only reused as roadbed or dumped in the landfill, whereas the recycled coarse aggregate is commonly downcycled when used for lower‐grade applications.This paper presents an overview of the quality properties of recycled materials obtained through advanced recycling technologies designed to separate high‐quality sand and coarse aggregates from hardened cement paste in demolished concrete. The study focuses on evaluating the selective separation technologies implemented in various industrial pilots and examining how the properties of recycled sands and aggregates compare to those of virgin materials of good quality, and their impact on performance.The test results indicate that there is a strong link between recycled sand quality and its effect on workability and strength development of cement‐based materials. This study also identifies critical aggregate parameters based on which one can come up with realistic replacement levels of natural with recycled sands and aggregate without compromising performance in fresh and hardened state. Our intention is to provide sufficient evidence to specifiers and designers that good quality recycled sands can be used in larger amounts in structural concrete.

Isolation and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose from an agro-waste tamarind (Tamarindus indica) seeds and its suitability investigation for biofilm formulation

The exploration of potential bio-fillers for bio-film application is a promising approach to ensure biodegradable, eco-friendly, good-quality materials with high-performance applications. This is a comprehensive study executed to establish the utility of an agro-waste Tamarindus indica seeds for microcrystalline cellulose production and to assess its feasibility for biofilm fabrication. The extraction was carried out through consecutive chemical-mediated alkalization, acid hydrolysis and bleaching. The isolated microcrystalline cellulose from Tamarindus indica seeds (TSMCC) was characterized through chemical, thermal and morphological characterization to validate the cellulose contribution, thermal resistance, and compatibility of the material. The physical parameters as density and yield percentage were assessed to evaluate its light-weight utility and economic productivity. These examinations revealed that TSMCC has good specific properties such as high cellulose content (90.57 %), average density (1.561 g/cm3), feasible average roughness (12.161 nm), desired particle size (60.40 ± 21.10 μm), good crystallinity (CI-77.6 %) and thermal stability (up to 230 °C); which are worthwhile to consider TSMCC for bio-film formulation. Subsequently, bio-films were formulated by reinforcing TSMCC in polylactic acid (PLA) matrix and the mechanical properties of the bio-films were then studied to establish the efficacy of TSMCC. It is revealed that the properties of pure PLA film increased after being incorporated with TSMCC, where 5 %TSMCC addition showed greater impact on crystalline index (26.16 % to 39.62 %), thermal stability (333oc to 389 °C), tensile strength (36.11 ± 2.90 MPa to 40.22 ± 3.22 MPa) and modulus (2.62 ± 0.55GPa to 4.15 ± 0.53GPa). In light of all promising features, 5 % TSMCC is recommended as a potential filler reinforcement for the groundwork of good quality bio-films for active packaging applications in future.

Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy in Treatment of Moroccan Patients with Achalasia: Prelimanary Result

Background and Objectives: Endoscopic myotomy is a recent technique that did spread quickly across high-income countries. The aim of this study is to report the experience of our department regarding the practice of POEM. Study design: It is a retrospective study including 13 patients with achalasia treated by POEM at the Department of Digestive Functional Explorations (EFD-HGE) of University Hospital Center Ibn Sina of Rabat, between January 2017 and June 2023. There was a break during the COVID19 pandemic and the endoscopic activity was stopped for a while. Results: The median age was 40, 46. Women were more affected than men: 69% and 31% respectively. Only 15% of cases had previous treatment (pneumatic dilation/surgical myotomy). The clinical success rate reached 84.6%. The mean of Eckardt scores decreased from 8 at baseline to 3 at 2 months. The IRP’s mean decreased from 23.9 mmHg to 15.6 mmHg after the gesture. The post-POEM reflux rate was less than 16%, but the rate of serious adverse events was relatively high. Conclusions: POEM is an effective procedure to treat achalasia with a low morbidity, provided that it is carried out in an expert center with suitable and good quality material.

Seed germination and vegetative propagation of Helichrysum odoratissimum

Helichrysum odoratissimum is a popular indigenous herb of South Africa, well known for its aromaticity. It offers potential as a source of extracts for the development of cosmeceutical products as it has been reported to be a natural antibiotic, and has antifungal, antimicrobial, antioxidant and antiviral properties. In order to be commercialized, a sustainable production system is required to ensure a consistent supply of good quality material. Therefore, the production of H. odoratissimum by seed and stem cutting was evaluated. The interactive effect of different seed priming methods and temperature levels were investigated on germination indices of H. odoratissimum seeds. A randomized complete block design with three replicates was used to evaluate the effect of season, cutting position, rooting hormone and growth media on survival percentage, number of buds, number of leaves, rooting percentage, number of roots per cutting and root length of H. odoratissimum stem cuttings. Data for both aspects was analysed using ANOVA and means with significant differences were separated with a t-test at 5% level of significance. Smoke treated seeds incubated at 20 °C had a significantly higher germination percentage (91,7%), mean germination rate (0.59) and coefficient velocity of germination (59.5) compared to most other treatments. Almost all factors tested in vegetative propagation significantly affected parameters measured. Apical cuttings taken during autumn resulted in significantly higher survival (78.5) and rooting percentages (71.1%) compared to other seasons. Cuttings planted in a perlite, vermiculite and sand mixture during autumn significantly outperformed all other season/media combinations with regards to rooting percentage (75%). PGR application improved the number of roots obtained significantly in autumn and winter, but not in summer and spring, compared to the control. It was therefore concluded that, for higher seed germination H. odoratissimum seeds must be primed with smoke water and incubated at 15–20 °C and cuttings may be taken autumn for higher rooting and survival rates as well as improved root length. A PGR application can be beneficial depending on the type of medium used.

ASSESSMENTS OF THE GRAVEL ROAD DETERIORATION HAVING LACK OF MAINTENANCE: CASE STUDY IN JIMMA ZONE

Gravel roads deterioration with absence of maintenance is one of the serious issue and common problem in the world. It’s majorly affected by deterioration which manifests as removing from gravel road materials with the major factors such as traffic volume and environmental conditions. Jimma zone might have been a standout amongst those ranges influenced toward the issue for gravel road having lack of maintenances. In order to achieve the objective of this study, the researchers were used questionnaire survey method. The existing road sections having lack of maintenance on a given time have been identified. Then the representative road (Sarbo-Busa, Saka-Ushane and Buxure-Sanxama) and questionnaire surveys samples have been selected by non-probabilistic purposive and systematic sampling respectively. The questionnaire’s survey was focused on identifying the causes of absence of maintenance and pre-conditions considered. questionnaire survey was analyzed by RII. The absence of maintenance was occurred due to lack of budget fund, poor management, lack of skilled manpower, lack of good material quality, lack of regular inspections, poor working environments. The pre-conditions considered while maintaining the gravel roads are: Cost of maintenance, class as the road, maintenance schedule, skilled manpower, topography, number of road users, traffic volume, and economic standards of the society and location of the road from the center. In Jimma zone the deterioration of gravel roads have been increasing with the absence of maintenance time.

Composition and characteristics of excavated materials from a legacy waste dumpsite: Potential of landfill biomining

Landfill biomining (LFBM) has been proposed as a viable method for the reclamation of legacy waste dumpsites as well as the subsequent recovery of valuable resources and land value spaces. Despite these advantages, the potential of LFBM faces a significant challenge due to the composition, characteristics and end-use of the excavated materials. This paper assesses the composition of the excavated waste obtained during the LFBM operation of the four legacy waste heaps at the Boragaon dumpsite in North-East India and determines the physicochemical characteristics crucial for the material and energy recovery from the key reclaimed fractions. The compositional analysis revealed that the proportion of combustible and non-combustible fractions decreases from the youngest heap HP4 to the oldest heap HP1 due to variations in the consumption habits of the local community and the inadequate recycling of recyclable materials. However, the proportion of fine fraction (FF) shows an increasing trend from HP4 to HP1, suggesting enhanced biodegradation of easily degradable waste over the years. The proximate and energy content analysis suggest that refuse-derived fuel (RDF) preparation is the most suitable valorization option for the combustible fractions since surface defilements are too high for good quality material recovery. The elevated amount of organic matter and leachable heavy metals indicate that unrestricted reuse of FF as earth-fill material can cause long-term settlements and groundwater contamination, respectively. Even though every dumpsite is different in characteristics, the findings of this case study can assist in developing new strategies for recycling excavated waste.

Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Hair Dye: A Laboratory Scale Project

Aim: This research was conducted to make the option for chemical-based semisynthetic and synthetic hair dyes to overcome the problems with the use of synthetic dyes and the acceptance rate by the public. The work involves the use of some novel natural ingredients with novel combinations. Methods: The herbal hair dye was prepared y using various natural agents reported to possess the desired properties. The plants were collected from the herbal garden of Dr. VedprakashPatil Pharmacy College, Aurangabad & authenticated by the Dept. of Pharmacognosy. All ingredients were passed through sieves and mixed thoroughly to get a homogenous mixture; the mixture was dissolved in water and applied to the hairs for the evaluation of various parameters such as organoleptic physicochemical, patch test & stability. Results: This Herbal hair dye prepared in the laboratory is made with all good quality materials. It was tested in the laboratory and was found to be very safe for the regular use of this herbal hair dye after several time intervals of time. All evaluation parameters were found to be within the limits as prescribed for the safe use of hair dye. Conclusion: The prepared herbal hair dye neither shows any side effects nor skin infections. It nourishes the skin on the scalp and hair. This herbal hair dye also aids in dandruff treatment by removing excess oil from the scalp. If such herbal dye is used frequently or regularly, it will give a manageable, fizz-free colored hair benefiting human as well as the industry. The formulation is natural in origin with effective benefits compared to the marketed formulation and cost-effective. : As the process is simple, small scale cosmetic industry can make use of the technique.

Material Procurement Recommendation System for Property Developer Companies using ARIMA and AHP Methods

This research aims to help companies to be able to estimate the procurement of materials in property development, control material stocks in warehouses, and determine which suppliers can support to meet these needs with predetermined criteria, namely the supplier's distance to the project location, delivery speed, suitability orders, good quality materials and affordable prices. The method used to estimate the quantity of material procurement in maintaining the availability of material stock in the warehouse is the Auto Regressive Moving Average (ARIMA) method and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a method for determining material suppliers. The results of this study indicate that the average percentage of forecasting errors is 6.1%. As for the selection of material suppliers, the AHP method can recommend which suppliers are eligible to be selected based on predetermined criteria, then the results are sorted based on the highest ranking.

Analisis Buku Guru Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam Kelas XI Terbitan Kemenag Kurikulum 2013

A material from a book to be implemented in the teaching and learning process does require adjustments and also accuracy. The purpose of this study was to analyze the learning of Islamic Cultural History class XI Madrasah Aliyah Curriculum 2013 published by the Ministry of Religion in 2015. This study used library research, with a descriptive analysis method. The results of this study are that this book is presented in language that is easy to understand, concise, clear so that it can help teachers in the learning process. It is expected that educators educate with good quality and appropriate material so that they can improve the quality of education and achieve a learning goal.

Driver and actionable mutations in younger patients with lung cancer - are we searching properly?

The authors focused on a group of young lung cancer patients with the aim of better understanding the mechanisms of tumor pathogenesis in these patients and search for potential targetable mutations. We collected retrospective data on patients under 40 years diagnosed with lung cancer (NSCLC or small-cell lung cancer) from 2011-2020 at the Department of Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic. Tumor tissue of these patients was analysed by next-generation sequencing (NGS, a panel of 550 variants in 19 genes). Demographic characteristics, smoking history, histology, molecular-genetic results and clinical stage of the disesase were recorded in all eligible patients from accessible medical databases. Of 17 identified patients in only 8 cases was successful NGS carried out due to lack of sufficient good quality material in the other cases. The most frequently found molecular genetic changes were EGFR, RICTOR and HER2 amplification and MET and FGFR1 amplification. In addition, we found rare pathogenic variants in BRAF and PIK3CA genes. Actionable variants were detected in 75% patients. We detected very frequent driver and potentially actionable alterations in young patients with lung cancer. This suggests different mechanisms of carcinogenesis in these patients and indicates that they might benefit more from a specific approach than older lung cancer patients.

ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ ОПЫТ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ЛИСТЬЕВ И ПЛОДОВ ЛАВРА БЛАГОРОДНОГО В МЕДИЦИНЕ И ФАРМАЦИИ

In modern pharmacy, to expand the range of herbal preparations, food spicy-oil raw materials are increasingly used, which for many centuries have been used as a source of medicines. Which raw materials include the leaves of the noble laurel, used to obtain essential oils and extraction preparations. An analysis of the historical literature revealed the widespread use of both the raw material itself and the preparations derived from it for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, fevers, and as a prophylactic during epidemics. It should be noted that this raw material was included in the Russian pharmacopoeias from I to VII editions. Unfortunately, at the moment the raw material is not pharmacopoeial, which determines the relevance of research on the study of biologically active substances and pharmacological activity of this raw material. Standardization of laurel leaves in the Russian Federation is carried out according to the requirements of the regulatory documentation of the food industry. In the course of studying the scientific literature and patent documentation, a significant number of works devoted to the study of the antibacterial, fungicidal, antioxidant activity of the biologically active substances of the leaves and fruits of the noble laurel, due to the content of such classes of substances as terpenoids, flavonoids, polyphenols, were revealed. A detailed study of the features of the biosynthesis of terpinoids in the leaves of common laurel, as well as their identification and determination of functional characteristics, was carried out. The revealed results make it possible to consider the raw material - laurel leaves as a promising source of obtaining new medicines, and scientific research aimed at systematizing the available data, forming a strategy for analyzing the authenticity and good quality of this raw material with the subsequent development of regulatory documentation as a promising and relevant area of pharmaceutical analysis.

Singular Time‐Dependent Photoconductivity Response of MAPbI3 Samples Deposited by Vacuum Processing on Different Substrates

Organo–inorganic halide perovskites continue to generate enormous interest for their potential use in various optoelectronic devices. Among the different fabrication methods, vacuum thermal deposition allows uniform films over large areas, providing good material quality without using organic solvents. However, the influence of the substrate on the properties of the material deposited by vacuum processing is a point that deserves further investigation. Herein, time‐dependent photoconductivity measurements are used to investigate the dynamics of charge carriers under illumination in planar films of CH3NH3PbI3. The samples are deposited by thermal sublimation on different substrates: PbI2, TaTm, C60, and glass. Experimentally, it is shown that the substrate has a profound effect on perovskite behavior and that photoconductivity is sensitive enough to probe these behaviors. Furthermore, a model based on Shockley–Read–Hall statistics is proposed, explaining the different photoconductivity responses by changing only the relative values of the different capture coefficients and the position of the Fermi level. It is argued that the substrate changes the stoichiometry of the evaporated material, affecting the transient photoconductivity response.