Mass Sports Research Articles

СОСТОЯНИЕ ФИЗИЧЕСКОГО ВОСПИТАНИЯ В ВЫСШИХ УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАВЕДЕНИЯХ КРЫМА В СЕРЕДИНЕ 30-Х ГОДОВ ХХ ВЕКА

Based on the analysis of previously unexplored archival documents, the state of physical education and mass sports work in higher educational institutions of the Crimea in the mid 30s of the 20th century are considered. Research has established that the departments of physical and military training in Crimean higher educational institutions were opened in 1932. During the period from 1933 to 1935, there was an intensive development of physical culture and mass sports work in Crimean higher educational institutions in the form of full coverage of the contingent of students with compulsory academic physical education classes, the creation of physical education collectives at institutions, the improvement of their sports base, the opening of student sections on sports and the establishment of intra-university competitions. The most important aspect of the physical education work of higher educational institutions was the involvement of students and teachers in passing the standards for the badge «Ready for work and defense of the USSR». The Supreme Council of Physical Culture of Crimea took an active part in the activities of Crimean higher educational institutions to improve physical education, performing coordinating, organizational and supervisory functions.

Foot Posture and Ankle Dorsiflexion as Risk Factors for Developing Achilles Tendinopathy and Plantar Fasciitis: A Case-Control Study.

Plantar fasciitis (PF) and Achilles tendinopathy (AT) are common injuries that primarily affect people engaged in sport or occupational weightbearing activities. Identifying modifiable risk factors is important for the treatment and prevention of these injuries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether foot posture or ankle dorsiflexion are risk factors for developing AT or PF, and if there were any differences between PF and AT patients. This was a case-control study of 108 patients with PF and 114 patients with AT, compared to the same number of referred patients in 2 control groups never having had these injuries, matched for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), sport, and occupational weightbearing activities. Included patients were 20-65 years with ultrasonographic-verified PF or midsubstance AT. Foot posture was assessed using Foot Posture Index (FPI) classifying the feet into 3 categories: FPI 0-5 normal foot, 6-12 hyperpronated, <0 hypopronated. Ankle dorsiflexion was measured with a goniometer in weightbearing with straight and bent knee. Abnormal foot posture was associated with an increased risk for sustaining both AT (odds ratio [OR] 3.4-4.1) and PF (OR 3.2-3.8). Hyperpronation being the major reason for this association with ORs 5.4-5.5 compared with hypopronation with ORs 2.6-2.9. However, decreased dorsiflexion was not a risk factor: instead, there was an increased ankle dorsiflexion in patients with AT or PF compared with their control groups. Comparison between PF and AT patients demonstrated that PF affected mostly women, and AT mostly men, PF patients were 2.4 years (CI 0.2-4.5) younger, and had 25% more occupational weightbearing than AT patients. However, no differences in BMI or weightbearing physical activity was demonstrated. Hypopronation and hyperpronation but not limited ankle dorsiflexion was associated with increased risk for AT or PF.

Student’s Sports, Mass Sports and High-Rise Sports

Student’s Sports, Mass Sports and High-Rise Sports

Sports Development Management in the Republic of Armenia: The Structure and Statistics

Sports is one of the many branches of the national economic complex and represents a complex and unique socio-economic system, the activity of which is characterized by multifaceted social and state relations. It should be considered that the management structure of any socio-economic sector of the state is largely determined first by the state policy, the very structure of the state. It should be organically integrated into the sports movement management system. The state body responsible for the development of sports in Republic of Armenia (RA) is the Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Sports (MESCS), which is entrusted with the functions of implementing state policy and legal regulation, as well as providing support to sports organizations and sports federations. The main goal of its activity is the formation of a positive attitude of society, the state and the entire nation towards sports as an effective means of maintaining and strengthening human health, an integral part of universal culture, and as a factor, especially in the physical and moral education of children and young people. The Ministry carries out the functions of state policy and legal regulation in physical culture, sports and youth issues and the processes of developing and implementing them. Along with that, public sports organizations in the form of NAOC of Armenia and national sports federations and units play an important role in the development of sports in the republic. Funding for mass sports and high-performance sports is increasing year by year in Armenia, which is aimed at increasing the number of events, as well as increasing the number of incentives for the achievements of people who do sports and high-level athletes.

Концепция создания общей ценности массового спорта

Mass sports is an important socio-cultural phenomenon that influences the formation of values and behavioural attitudes in society. The study of the concept of creating a common value of mass sports is important for understanding its influence on public consciousness and the development of socio-cultural environment. The relevance of this study is due to the importance of the development of mass sports as a means of strengthening the physical and psychological health of the population, the formation of social unity and solidarity, which, in turn, allows us to talk about the creation of a common value of mass sports. The research methods included retrospective literature review, analysis and synthesis, systematization and grouping of data, mathematization in the context of frequency determination and modelling. The paper proposed a conceptual model for creating shared value in mass sports, which describes opportunities for the development of sport organizations through addressing social problems and on this basis creating economic value for organizations, local communities, and the economy of the country. The results of the study showed that the concept of creating shared value in mass sports implies not only the achievement of sports results, but also the formation of favorable sociocultural and socio-economic conditions for the development of society and the economy. An important aspect of the concept realization is the integration of mass sports into public life and the creation of conditions for equal access to sport for all groups of the population. In conclusion, it is necessary to develop mass sports and implement the concept of creating common value to ensure the health and well-being of society. The results of the study can be used to develop strategies for the development of mass sports based on joint value creation. The concept of jointly created value in mass sports is implemented at both the state and local levels of government.

Muscle Fat and Volume Differences in People With Hip-Related Pain Compared With Controls: A Machine Learning Approach.

Hip-related pain (HRP) affects young to middle-aged active adults and impacts physical activity, finances and quality of life. HRP includes conditions like femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and labral tears. Lateral hip muscle dysfunction and atrophy in HRP are more pronounced in advanced hip pathology, with limited evidence in younger populations. While MRI use for assessing hip muscle morphology is increasing, with automated deep-learning techniques showing promise, studies assessing their accuracy are limited. Therefore, we aimed to compare hip intramuscular fat infiltrate (MFI) and muscle volume, in individuals with and without HRP as well as assess the reliability and accuracy of automated machine-learning segmentations compared with human-generated segmentation. This cross-sectional study included sub-elite/amateur football players (Australian football and soccer) with a greater than 6-month history of HRP [n = 180, average age 28.32, (standard deviation 5.88) years, 19% female] and a control group of sub-elite/amateur football players without pain [n = 48, 28.89 (6.22) years, 29% female]. Muscle volume and MFI of gluteus maximus, medius, minimis and tensor fascia latae were assessed using MRI. Associations between muscle volume and group were explored using linear regression models, controlling for body mass index, age, sport and sex. A convolutional neural network (CNN) machine-learning approach was compared with human-performed muscle segmentations in a subset of participants (n = 52) using intraclass correlation coefficients and Sorensen-Dice index. When considering adjusted estimates of muscle volume, there were significant differences observed between groups for gluteus medius (adjusted mean difference 23 858 mm3 [95% confidence interval 7563, 40 137]; p = 0.004) and tensor fascia latae (6660 mm3 [2440, 13 075]; p = 0.042). No differences were observed between groups for gluteus maximus (18 265 mm3 [-21 209, 50 782]; p = 0.419) or minimus (3893 mm3 [-2209, 9996]; p = 0.21). The CNN was trained for 30 000 iterations and assessed its accuracy and reliability on an independent testing dataset, achieving high segmentation accuracy (mean Sorenson-Dice index >0.900) and excellent muscle volume and MFI reliability (ICC2,1 > 0.900). The CNN outperformed manual raters, who had slightly lower interrater accuracy (Sorensen-Dice index >0.800) and reliability (ICC2,1 > 0.800). The increased muscle volumes in the symptomatic group compared with controls could be associated with increased myofibrillar size, sarcoplasmic hypertrophy or both. These changes may facilitate greater muscular efficiency for a given load, enabling the athlete to maintain their normal level of function. In addition, the CNNs for muscle segmentation was more efficient and demonstrated excellent reliability in comparison to manual segmentations.

Развитие военно-прикладных видов спорта в условиях гражданского университета

The article examines the regulatory framework of army tactical shooting all-around as a military applied sport, and outlines the main directions of its development among students of civilian universities. Examples of mass sports events among students of different levels of training in this sport are given.

FOREIGN PRACTICE OF MASS SPORT FUNDING

The purpose of the research is to study the foreign experience of the financial provision for mass sport and to identify possible sources of its funding using the example of Great Britain. Particular attention is paid to the problems of major sporting events financing that can attract global audience and sponsors seeking to increase the attractiveness of their brands and products. The conducted research allowed us to identify areas for attracting financial sources for sports organisations of various levels

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Related Measures on the Sports Industry in Slovakia

Stopping competitions and the training process was a shock that sports organizations had to deal with. Financial problems forced them to rethink the situation. In Slovakia, this became critical. This is why we started to research this issue to provide an answer to the research question: What are the actual consequences of government measures on the sports industry? A survey was conducted including two questionnaires made available between the pandemic waves. The first questionnaire was designed for athletes and sports professionals (N = 1040). The second addressed sports organizations (N = 626). Questionnaires were accessible via sports organizations’ portals. The ban on organizing mass sports events affected this industry. More than 80% of respondents had an experience of having to cancel a competition or training activity. This had an impact on their income as well as their future activities. We cooperate with government institutions and sports associations in Slovakia, so the results were provided to government officials. However, due to political changes accompanied by changes in the ministries responsible for the sports industry in Slovakia, it is relevant to summarize the research results in their present form. In this way they can serve as background for future sports policies.

The effectiveness of public administration of sports in rural communities under decentralization (experience for Ukraine)

The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of public administration of sport in rural communities of Ukraine through the prism of a comparative analysis of the experience of European countries in this sphere. General scientific methods (analysis and synthesis) and public management methods (expert assessment, comparative analysis) were involved. The results showed that before the beginning of decentralization, the Ukrainian system of financing and management of sports developed according to the French model—with a certain centralization of the management of state structures and vertical reporting. At the same time, it has been established that under the new realities such a system will not be able to function, which is already noticeable based on reports on the financing of the industry. Starting from 2015, local budgets (including those of rural communities) gradually invested much more in the development of sports than the state budget. Accordingly, a logical step would be their initiative in the development of the sports sphere, particularly in mass sports. Based on the practices of European countries, the Ukrainian authorities need to introduce practices of more active involvement of sponsors.

Effects of training load on heart rate variability and blood pressure in track and field athletes and skiers

BACKGROUND: Adaptation of human body to the harsh conditions of the European North remains a topic of ongoing interest, despite numerous studies on the subject. There is a need to study population groups whose daily activities involve physical activity in extreme northern conditions. One such group includes athletes who participate in endurance sports. For athletes engaged in cyclical sports, competitive activities becomes can be particularly demanding, requiring sustained physical exertion and maximum power generation. Training and competing in harsh conditions place significant strain on the body’s cardiovascular regulation mechanisms. Over time, this may result in detrimental structural and biochemical changes in the cardiovascular system. AIM: To identify the patterns of changes in heart rate regulation among track and field athletes and skiers after a training load. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Athletes from the Arkhangelsk region, including skiers and track and field athletes in the mass sports categories, who regularly compete in regional events, took part in the study. The studies took place in the medical offices of sports complexes, where the UPFT-1/30“Psychophysiologist” device was used to record and analyze cardiointervalograms. Blood pressure was recorded before and after training sessions using the Criticare System 8100H monitor. RESULTS: The initial variational span (VR) values of the duration of cardio intervals before exercise were slightly lower than the reference values in both the group of skiers and the group of athletes. At the same time, the mean square deviation (SD) values initially fell within normal range. Following the training load, both groups experienced a statistically significant decrease in SD and VR values, falling below the lower limit of the permissible range. Furthermore, spectral analysis of the cardiac intervals before exercise indicated a high level of neurohumoral regulation. After exercise, there was a statistically significant decrease in the initial values of TP in both groups, aligning with the average level of neurohumoral regulation. CONCLUSION: The results obtained in track and field athletes with a predominant anaerobic training load and skiers with a predominant aerobic load suggest that the training load of a predominantly aerobic nature may lead to less pronounced stress on the regulatory systems. This hypothesis was further supported by the results of the changes in blood pressure.

Paris 2024 Olympic Games: A risk enhancer for autochthonous arboviral diseases epidemics?

ObjectivesThe anticipated increase in international tourist flows and the first locally acquired dengue cases in the Paris region in October 2023 have raised concerns about potential arbovirus outbreaks during the 2024 Olympics. Unlike previous mass sporting events at risk of arbovirus outbreaks, Paris is a nonendemic arbovirus area, requiring a unique investigation. MethodsTherefore, we analyzed factors conducive to possible arbovirus epidemics in temperate regions: vector distribution in the Paris area, seasonal global arboviral disease patterns, projected visitor demographics, and international flight bookings. Results and conclusionOur results suggest that the expected visitors’ profile for the summer of 2024 should not increase the risk of arbovirus importation into the Paris region compared to a typical year. Conversely, the primary risk of arbovirus outbreaks is likely to come from within France, particularly from the French West Indies, where a notable, albeit declining, dengue outbreak is underway. Vigilant surveillance by French health authorities will ensure that this trend continues.

Characteristics of the participants in mass sporting events in Vietnam

This study aimed to examine the characteristics of athletes and spectators at mass sports competitions, focusing on aspects such as quantity, age, gender, educational level, occupation, and income to provide a comprehensive demographic overview. The study employed a sociological survey method, sampling 10 localities out of 63 provinces and cities across Vietnam. The survey included 520 spectators (Group 1) and 220 athletes (Group 2), resulting in a total sample size of 740 participants. The results are illustrated using graphical representations. The majority of spectators at mass sport events are aged 23 to under 60, whereas athletes show a more even age distribution, indicating lower student participation in spectating. Men significantly outnumber women. Most participants hold high school or university degrees, with the largest group being unskilled workers. Students, freelancers, and retirees are more evenly distributed. Professional field participants make up 35.5% of the total. Income-wise, most participants are middle to high-income earners, with nearly half earning between 5 and 10 million VND per month, and 42.3% earning over 10 million VND. Low-income and very high-income individuals are mostly spectators, while medium to high-income individuals are more likely to be athletes.

Marginal effects of economical development and university education on China's regular exercise population.

Although the regular exercise population is a key metric for gaging the success of China's fitness-for-all activities, effective policy approaches to increase mass sports participation remain unclear. Previous research suggests that GDP, educational attainment, sports resources, and meteorological conditions could influence regular exercise participation. Therefore, this study first analyzed the macro-level correlates influencing China's regular exercise population. We utilize ordinary least squares (OLS) regression and geographical weighted regression (GWR) to theorize the relationship. The analysis encompasses data from the 31 administrative regions of Mainland China, as reported at the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan period. The log-log model enables us to quantify the marginal effect (elasticity) of the explanatory variables. The OLS regression showed that regional GDP and the proportion of the population with a university education were significant predictors. In the global model, the marginal effects of regional GDP and university education were 0.048 and 0.173, respectively. Furthermore, the GWR revealed a distinct geographic pattern that corresponds to the classic Hu Line. While regional GDP was also a significant correlate in our model, the elasticity demonstrates that university education had an asymmetric effect on China's regular exercise population. Therefore, this paper sheds light on a policy priority for the upcoming 15th Five-Year Plan, emphasizing the strategic importance of expanding university education to enhance mass sports participation. In turn, a better-educated populace may yield significant secondary effects on public health and contribute to the high-quality development of the Chinese path to modernization.

HƏRBİ QULLUQÇULARIN PEŞƏKAR FƏALİYYƏT SAHƏSİNDƏ FİZİKİ HAZIRLIĞIN ƏSASLARI

Basics of Physical Training in Professional Activities of Military Personnel Summary Today, training in the ranks of the Azerbaijani armed forces is aimed at increasing the potential and physical capabilities of military personnel. One of the main tasks is to ensure the development of the physical capabilities of military personnel for the full and timely implementation of the tasks assigned to military personnel by the country's commander-in-chief and the leadership of the Ministry of Defense. The physical training system of the Azerbaijan Army today is an effectively streamlined mechanism, which consists of compulsory daily morning exercises, mass sports activities in the fresh air and in the gym. Depending on the type of troops, career guidance of the military unit and unit, the number of hours allocated for these classes varies. Key words: military, training, physical, development, formation, strength, victory, battle, will, features, activity

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ПОЯСНОЇ СИСТЕМИ ОЦІНКИ РІВНЯ КВАЛІФІКАЦІЇ СПОРТСМЕНІВ У РІЗНИХ ВИДАХ СПОРТИВНИХ ЄДИНОБОРСТВ

Relevance of the research topic. Millions of people around the world engage in martial arts, and interest in this type of activity continues to grow. As you know, the goal of building any educational and training process in many types of sports is to achieve the maximum possible result in competitive activities. The existing system of knowledge regarding traditional approaches to building the training process in martial arts proves that in many types of duels there are two possible ways to achieve the desired result. One is the acquisition of championship titles by winning competitions, the other is the acquisition of qualification belts for the performance of certain complex technical actions: kata or tuli (certain connections from stances, movements, striking and defensive actions, as well as the technique of performing motor actions inherent in the respective species duels). First of all, the study of the peculiarities of the functioning of the belt system in various types of martial arts will significantly expand the range of knowledge, the possibilities of using the most effective means and methods for the construction of a modern system of martial arts training. The purpose of the study is to investigate the features of the functioning of the belt system for assessing the level of qualification of athletes in various types of martial arts. Methods. In accordance with the topic of the study, an analysis and generalization of the scientific and methodological literature of Ukrainian and foreign specialists was carried out, normative program documents of the most popular types of martial arts in the world (judo, karate, jiu-jitsu, taekwon-do) were studied. Research results. The belt system for assessing the level of qualification of athletes is inherent in many types of martial arts and is an effective alternative to competitive activities in the direction of obtaining the desired result. A large number of apprentice and master qualification degrees, gentle load regimes, the absence of extreme conditions, and the focus on perfect mastery of technical skills make it possible to practice martial arts for many years. Conclusions. According to modern ideas about the construction of a training system in various types of martial arts, for further effective existence as a tool for the development of mass sports, the belt system for evaluating the level of qualification of athletes needs immediate changes, the introduction of new modern technologies taking into account scientific achievements in the field of sports science.

LE GENRE AU PRISME DE LA TERRITORIALISATION DES POLITIQUES PUBLIQUES SPORTIVES AU SENEGAL LE PARADOXE DAKAROIS

Sport is one of the pillars of public policy in Senegal, as defined in law n°84-59 on the sports charter. It is based on three pillars: mass practice, physical education and competitive sport. The consideration of sport by local authorities is a significant reality. However, the field of sport in Senegal is still marked by disparities and inequalities, both horizontal and vertical (Diatta, 2007), in all sectors in general and particularly in mass sport where inequalities are especially evident from a gender perspective. Indeed, apart from a socio-cultural heritage more or less hostile to the practice of sport, especially instituted due to the norms of hegemonic femininity, traditional and religious norms (Ndongo, 2017), it is clear that the inadequacies linked to the territorialisation of sports policies seem to constitute a significant determinant of these inequalities. This article proposes to analyse the territorialisation of sports policies from the point of view of their relationship with gender in the department of Dakar. The aim is to reflect on the means, strategies and actions mobilised to promote competitive sport among women in Senegal.

Sports facilities as a basis for the development of mass sports

Sports facilities as a basis for the development of mass sports

Assessing the impact of sports infrastructure on human capital development

Subject. This article discusses the development of physical culture and sports infrastructure in different regions of the world. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the impact of the infrastructure of physical education and sports on the development of human capital. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of comparative, correlation and regression analyses, and generalization. Results. The article finds that there are great opportunities for the development of human capital in regions with developed sports infrastructure. Conclusions. There are sports facilities created for holding major international events in Russia. Various options for their use can contribute to the development of mass sports and physical education, which cannot but affect the improvement of the quality of human capital of individual organizations, regions, and the country as a whole.

Scenarios and Promotion Ideas of Intelligent Sports Application in China

Intelligent sports is not only a tool support of sports superstructure, but also a core engine to drive the overall development of sports. Based on the interpretation of the connotation of intelligent sports, this paper analyzes the scene patterns and promotion ideas of intelligent sports application in China by means of literature and logical analysis. The research holds that the application scenarios of intelligent sports in China are intelligent sports training and competition in competitive sports, intelligent sports teaching and skill mastery in school sports and intelligent sports exercise in mass sports. The promotion ideas are as follows: on the cognitive level, people-oriented, physical exercise as the basic means and physical and mental health as the center, premise and mission of intelligent sports application respectively; On the action level, cultivating smart sports communities and villages, developing smart sports urban and rural areas and building smart sports ecosystem are regarded as the basic unit, powerful driving force and strategic goal of smart sports application respectively.