Marx Generator Circuit Research Articles

Design of a High Speed Electro-optic Q-switch Circuit for Aerospace Applications

In order to meet the requirements of high amplitude and high speed of electro-optic Q-switch voltage, a high speed electro-optic Q-switch circuit for aerospace applications is designed. According to the principle of Marx generator, the circuit uses a high speed driving chip to drive the switching transistor to conduct. The charge of the primary energy storage capacitor of the pulse transformer is quickly released, and the secondary induced voltage drives the switches of the Marx generator to open quickly and synchronously. By utilizing the fast and synchronous opening of MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor), cascaded discharge is carried out on the energy storage capacitors of the 8th order Marx generator circuit, thereby outputting high voltage pulse signal. The experimental results show that the Marx generator has maximum boost output range of 4000V and high voltage pulse rise time of less than 30ns. Compared to traditional pulse transformer control methods, the Q-switch voltage rise time is reduced by nearly 40ns. The internal components of circuit meet the requirements of multiple indicators such as anti-irradiation space environment, and have the characteristic of short output high voltage rise time, which can provide high speed and high voltage driving pulses for the electro-optic Q-switch crystal inside the laser cavity.

Rancang Bangun Pembangkitan Generator Marx 10 Tingkat pada Uji Kapasitor 220 pF dan Lightning Protector

The Marx generator circuit is an impulse voltage multiplier that is used to represent lightning overvoltage and switching overvoltage. In this research, a 10-level Marx Generator impulse generator design was carried out by varying the distance between the spark gaps of 2.5mm, 5.0mm, 7.5mm, and 10.0mm and the test load was a 220pF capacitor and a lightning protector. The results of the design and simulation of the 10-level Marx Generator produce an impulse voltage according to the IEC 60060-1 lightning impulses standard, which is 20.20kV with a wavefront and tail time of 2.29 µs and 52.3 µs. The test results for the 220pF capacitor load at a distance of 2.5 mm, the resulting voltage is 23.5 kV with a wavefront and tail time of 1.7 µs and 25 µs, while the lightning protector test load produces a voltage of 24 kV, with a wavefront and tail time of 2.1 µs and 43 µs

A Modified Marx Generator Circuit with Enhanced Tradeoff between Voltage and Pulse Width for Electroporation Applications

Electroporation is a next generation bioelectronics device. The emerging application of electroporation requires high voltage pulses having a pulse-width in the nanosecond range. The essential use of a capacitor results in an increase in the size of the electroporator circuit. This paper discusses the modification of a conventional Marx generator circuit to achieve the high voltage electroporation pulses with a minimal chip size of the circuit. The reduced capacitors are attributed to a reduction in the number of stages used to achieve the required voltage boost. The paper proposes the improved isolation between two capacitors with the usage of optocouplers. Parametric analysis is presented to define the tuneable range of the electroporator circuit. The output voltage of 49.4 V is achieved using the proposed 5-stage MOSFET circuit with an input voltage of 12 V.

Solid-State Marx Generator Circuit Based on Inductive Energy Storage

Solid-state Marx generator circuits have been widely studied in recent years. Most of them are based on capacitive energy storage (CES), with the basic principle of charging in parallel and discharging in series. In this article, we propose a solid-state Marx circuit using inductive energy storage, where inductors play the role of principal energy storage element. When combined with an opening switch, the inductor can generate an output voltage of $L$ dI / dt, where $I$ is the inductor current. Multiple circuits can be stacked to obtain output voltage adding, as in Marx circuit using CES. In the demonstration experiments, the test on a four-stage inductive Marx circuit has been carried out. With the charging voltage of −200 V, the output peak voltage of ~9.2 kV was generated on an 800- $\Omega $ load with a rise time of ~46 ns.

Design of 4-stage Marx generator using gas discharge tube

In this paper, a Marx generator voltage multiplier as an impulse generator made of multi-stage resistors and capacitors to generate a high voltage is proposed. In order to generate a high voltage pulse, a number of capacitors are connected in parallel to charge up during on time and then in series to generate higher voltage during off period. In this research, a 6kV Marx generator voltage multiplier is designed using gas discharge tube (GDT) as an electronic switch to breakdown voltage. The Marx generator circuit is designed to charge the storage capacitor for high impulse voltage and current generator applications. According to IEC 61000-4-5 class 4 standards, the storage capacitor must be charged up to 4 kV. The results show that the proposed Marx generator can produce voltages up to 6.8 kV. However, the storage capacitor could be charged up to 1 kV, instead of 4 kV in the standard. That is because the output impulse voltage has narrow time period.

Marx Multistage Impulse Generator

This generator generates lightning impulse voltages of upto 45 KV. This paper defines the progress of a cost effective and effortlessly portable compact 10 stages Marx Generator proficient of manufacturing lightning impulses voltage up to 45kV. In adding, three different investigational circuits of HV DC provisions have been made. The uppermost output was 15 kV DC which was occupied as the main supply for the Marx generator circuit. This generator can be castoff by small scale productions and theoretical institutions to prove impulse voltages and also to achieve testing on insulators of lower rating in laboratory. A total of 10 stages of both replicated, new Marx impulse generator circuit was considered and the impulse waves were documented. In this work, the assessment in terms of magnitude of the investigational and simulated 10 stages Marx generator circuit has been carried out as well as its descriptive curve has been drawn. These results have long-established the strength of the planned technique and they were in close arrangement.

A HVDC shunt tap based on unidirectional hybrid modular DC–DC converter with simultaneous charging and sequential discharging of capacitors

In this paper, a new HVDC shunt tap is proposed. The proposed configuration consists of a unidirectional hybrid modular DC–DC converter followed by a voltage source converter for DC–AC conversion to feed a local AC network connected to the tap output terminals. The proposed DC–DC converter consists of a high-voltage valve, and series-connected unidirectional half-bridge Sub-Modules (SMs). Unlike Marx generator circuit concept, the DC–DC conversion in the proposed configuration is achieved by enabling simultaneous charging of series-connected capacitors (i.e. SMs capacitors), and sequential discharging of capacitors. Compared to Marx-generator based switched capacitor DC–DC converters, the proposed configuration has a lower number of semiconductor devices, which affects positively the system cost, and reduces the control complexity. Detailed illustration, design, and control of the proposed approach are presented. Simulation results are presented to validate the proposed approach.