Marine Transportation Industry Research Articles

Internet Technology for Efficiency and Resilience in Ocean Transportation Supply Chain Management: A Case Study of China Ocean Shipping Group

With the global maritime transport industry has faced many challenges in recent years, such as market volatility, environmental requirements and technological upgrading. The wide application of Internet technology has changed the management mode of the marine shipping industry and brought new opportunities for its development. Taking China Ocean Shipping Group as a case study, this study aims to explore the use of Internet technology to solve the problems faced by the ocean shipping supply chain and to discuss the importance of Internet technology in the ocean shipping supply chain, its areas of application, and the changes it may bring. Currently, the main problems faced by the marine transport supply chain include human resource costs, logistics information technology level, port and route selection, and shipping market uncertainty, which seriously affect the efficiency and flexibility of marine transport and operating costs. This study discusses Internet technologies to solve practical problems and specific supply chain management measures, including supply chain efficiency, flexibility and operating costs.

Monetizing shipping emission reduction: Environmental benefit analysis of domestic emission control areas policy 2.0 in China

Shipping is a major contributor to anthropogenic emissions, exerting complex effects on both the environment and climate. To improve the air quality of coastal areas, China adopted an upgraded policy on domestic emission control areas (DECA 2.0) for shipping in December 2018, which expanded the geographical scope of ECAs from three designated heavy-traffic coastal regions to the entire 12 nautical mile-territorial seas and also introduced more stringent ship emission requirements. Based on data from the Automatic Identification System, this study first evaluates the environmental effects of ship emissions' reduction brought by DECA policy 2.0. Results reveal that implementation of DECA policy 2.0 has resulted in a cumulative reduction (2019–2021) of 8.43 × 105 tons, 1.3 × 105 tons, and 1.49 × 105 tons of sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter <2.5 μm diameter (PM2.5) and PM <10 μm (PM10) emissions, respectively. Based on the external cost method, we further monetize the environmental benefits arising from reduction of air pollution emissions, averaging $3.6 billion USD per year. This number equates to ca. 4 % of the total output value of China's marine transportation industry over the three-year period. Finally, we calculate the fuel replacement cost arising from the implementation of DECA policy 2.0, which is on average $1.23 billion USD. This indicates that the net environmental benefits of DECA policy 2.0 equate nearly double the associated costs.

Competitiveness Analysis and Future Development Trend of Solar-powered Ships in the International Maritime Transport Market

With the increasingly serious global environmental problems, the international marine transportation industry is seeking more environmentally friendly and efficient modes of transportation. In this study, the competitiveness of solar-powered ships in the international maritime transport market is deeply analyzed, and its future development trend is discussed. With its advantages of zero emission, low operating cost and environmental protection, solar-powered ships are gradually attracting market attention. By comparing the differences between solar-powered ships and traditional fuel-fired ships in operating costs, environmental performance and market competitiveness, it is found that solar-powered ships have significant economic and environmental benefits in the long run. Although the initial investment cost is high, the operating cost of solar-powered ships is much lower than that of traditional fuel-powered ships, especially when the oil price fluctuates greatly. In addition, the advantages of solar-powered ships in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and marine pollution are in line with the global trend of green and low-carbon development and help to enhance the environmental image of the shipping industry. In the future, with technological innovation and policy support, solar-powered ships are expected to further improve their photoelectric conversion efficiency and optimize hull design, thus enhancing market competitiveness. At the same time, the upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain will also usher in opportunities for coordinated development and jointly promote the development of the solar ship market. As a new green transportation mode in the international marine transportation market, solar-powered ships have broad development prospects and huge market potential.

The impact of autonomous ships in regional waterways

Technological innovation has been reshaping all walks of life, and the marine shipping industry is no exception. Autonomous vessels have gained significant attention due to their numerous advantages. However, regulatory constraints and expensive manufacturing costs are impeding the application of autonomous vessels. To overcome these challenges, this research conducts experiments with autonomous ships on national waterways with less regulation and develops a model to investigate their impact on shipping company operations. The model simultaneously optimizes ship routing, fleet sizing, fleet deployment, and demand fulfillment, taking into account demand uncertainty. Two solution methods, i.e., sample average approximation and a two-phase Benders-based branch-and-cut algorithm, are proposed to solve the problem with acceleration strategies, including column generation and variable fixing. The performance of several solution techniques is tested through numerical experiments using real-world data. Besides, sensitivity analyses are conducted to further discuss the influence of key factors and derive constructive managerial insights for shipping companies.

Research on Key Technology of Ship Re-Identification Based on the USV-UAV Collaboration

Distinguishing ship identities is critical in ensuring the safety and supervision of the marine agriculture and transportation industry. In this paper, we present a comprehensive investigation and validation of the progression of ship re-identification technology within a cooperative framework predominantly governed by UAVs. Our research revolves around the creation of a ship ReID dataset, the creation of a ship ReID dataset, the development of a feature extraction network, ranking optimization, and the establishment of a ship identity re-identification system built upon the collaboration of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). We introduce a ship ReID dataset named VesselID-700, comprising 56,069 images covering seven classes of typical ships. We also simulated the multi-angle acquisition state of UAVs to categorize the ship orientations within this dataset. To address the challenge of distinguishing between ships with small inter-class differences and large intra-class variations, we propose a fine-grained feature extraction network called FGFN. FGFN enhances the ResNet architecture with a self-attentive mechanism and generalized mean pooling. We also introduce a multi-task loss function that combines classification and triplet loss, incorporating hard sample mining. Ablation experiments on the VesselID-700 dataset demonstrate that the FGFN network achieves outstanding performance, with a Rank-1 accuracy of 89.78% and mAP of 65.72% at a state-of-the-art level. Generalization experiments on pedestrian and vehicle ReID datasets reveal that FGFN excels in recognizing other rigid body targets and diverse viewpoints. Furthermore, to further enhance the advantages of UAV-USV synergy in ship ReID performance, we propose a ranking optimization method based on the homologous fusion of multi-angle UAVs and heterologous fusion of USV-UAV collaborative architecture. This optimization leads to a significant 3% improvement in Rank-1 performance, accompanied by a 73% reduction in retrieval time cost.

Carbon budget and evaluation of marine industry in Jiangsu Province, China.

The measurement and evaluation of carbon budget of marine industry is the basis for promoting green and efficient development of marine economy under the goal of carbon neutrality. We constructed a carbon accounting system for the marine industry in Jiangsu Province, and assessed carbon efficiency and neutrality. The results showed that from 2016 to 2020, the total amount of marine carbon sinks in Jiangsu Province were 894.8 to 2773.2 thousand tons, while carbon emissions of major marine industries were 3538.4 to 4350.6 thousand tons. The net emissions of marine industries ranged from 1478.7 to 2906.1 thousand tons. Both of carbon sinks and emissions were significantly increased in this period. In terms of carbon sinks, the offshore wind power accounted for the largest contribution, followed by ecosystem carbon sequestration, and mariculture carbon sequestration was the smallest. In terms of carbon emissions, the marine transportation industry played a dominant role, followed by coastal tourism and marine fisheries, while the marine engineering and construction industry and marine shipping industry accounted for a small proportion. In general, the carbon neutral status showed that marine industry in Jiangsu Province was in carbon deficit from 2016-2020, but the net emissions were decreasing year by year. The net carbon sink efficiency of mariculture in Jiangsu Province was lower than the national level, and carbon efficiency of offshore wind power was stable.

Analysis of Ship Seaworthiness Factors, Health and Safety Culture, Oversight of Port Authority and Harbor Authority Offices on Shipping Safety

Shipping safety is still a problem faced by sea transportation. Empirical data collected in this study shows the number of transportation accidents and fatalities shows a fluctuating number. This means that shipping safety is still a problem faced by the marine transportation industry in Indonesia. To answer this problem, this research is aimed at knowing the effect of ship's seaworthiness, ship health and safety culture, and supervision of the Harbormaster Office and Port Authority on shipping safety performance which is carried out empirically. Every sailing ship must be in a seaworthy condition so as to ensure safety and security while the ship is sailing. Ship's seaworthiness is also assisted with shipping safety facilities and infrastructure. Occupational health is a state of physical, mental and social well-being that allows every worker to work in a healthy manner with optimal productivity without endangering himself, his family, society and the surrounding environment. Occupational health efforts are efforts to harmonize work capacity, workload and work environment so that every worker can work healthily without endangering himself or the surrounding community, in order to obtain optimal work productivity. The duties and responsibilities of a porter are very important in providing a ship's seaworthiness certificate, sailing permit, safety and security as well as all sea transportation shipping activities in Indonesian waters. &#x0D; Based on the results of research and multiple analysis, the following equations are produced: &#x0D; Y = 1.957 + 0.762 X1 + 0.531 X2 + 0.244 X3 + &#x0D; shows that, Based on empirical data (the results of filling out the questionnaire) and the results of multiple linear regression, it shows that the Shipworthiness variable (X1) has a value t count (10.260) &gt; t table (1.99045) then, H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The Health and Safety Culture Variable (X2) has a t count (2.382) &gt; t table (1.99045), so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The Port Authority and Port Authority Supervision Variable (X3) has a value of t count (2.280) &gt; t table (1.99045), then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, the results of the study show that there is a positive and significant influence between Shipworthiness, Health and Safety Culture, Harbormaster Supervision and Port Authority on Shipping Safety

Effect of preloading on vibration and buckling responses of variable stiffness composite cylindrical shells

Composite cylindrical shell has been utilized in marine shipping industry as a reliable auxiliary wind propulsion device that can reduce fuel consumption. However, due to the special boundary constraints and complex loading cases, the vibration and buckling responses of such devices differ significantly from traditional cylindrical shells. The present research deals with the vibration and buckling behavior of composite cylindrical shells utilizing the promising variable stiffness (VS) concept. The effects of the preloading states and the design constraints were analyzed to explore the effectiveness of VS concept in cylindrical shell structures. Compared to constant stiffness (CS) composite cylindrical shells, VS cylindrical shells are less sensitive to variation in preloading states and geometric imperfections, and the buckling strength can be improved under some combination of loading sates. The effect of boundary constraints on stiffness and bucking strength is less prominent own to VS properties, in that stress concentrations near the end of the cylindrical shell structures can be smoothed out, and the strain distributions are spaced more evenly.

Oil spills detection from SAR Earth observations based on a hybrid CNN transformer networks

Oil spills are the main threats to marine and coastal environments. Due to the increase in the marine transportation and shipping industry, oil spills have increased in recent years. Moreover, the rapid spread of oil spills in open waters seriously affects the fragile marine ecosystem and creates environmental concerns. Effective monitoring, quick identification, and estimation of the volume of oil spills are the first and most crucial steps for a successful cleanup operation and crisis management. Remote Sensing observations, especially from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensors, are a very suitable choice for this purpose due to their ability to collect data regardless of the weather and illumination conditions and over far and large areas of the Earth. Owing to the relatively complex nature of SAR observations, machine learning (ML) based algorithms play an important role in accurately detecting and monitoring oil spills and can significantly help experts in faster and more accurate detection. This paper uses SAR images from ESA's Copernicus Sentinel-1 satellite to detect and locate oil spills in open waters under different environmental conditions. To this end, a deep learning framework has been presented to identify oil spills automatically. The SAR images were segmented into two classes, the oil slick and the background, using convolutional neural networks (CNN) and vision transformers (ViT). Various scenarios for the proposed architecture were designed by placing ViT networks in different parts of the CNN backbone. An extensive dataset of oil spill events in various regions across the globe was used to train and assess the performance of the proposed framework. After the detection performance assessments, the F1-score values for the standard DeepLabV3+, FC-DenseNet, and U-Net networks were 75.08 %, 73.94 %, and 60.85, respectively. In the combined networks models (combination of CNN and ViT), the best F1-score results were obtained as 78.48 %. Our results showed that these hybrid models could improve detection accuracy and have a high ability to distinguish oil spill borders even in noisy images. Evaluation metrics are increased in all the combined networks compared to the original CNN networks.

Dynamic volatility spillover between oil and marine shipping industry

Oil consumption not only makes up a large percentage of the overall operating expenses for the marine shipping industry, besides that, the tanker sector is a major carrier of global oil supply, which magnifies the relevance of oil market for the shipping industry. In this backdrop, the following study examines the volatility transmission between marine shipping industry’s tanker and dry cargo market and oil market using daily data from May 2006 to August 2021 by employing spillover index methodology. The empirical results suggest pronounced spillovers for the tanker market while lower spillovers are observed for dry cargo market, indicating the well-integrated tanker market in comparison to dry cargo sector and oil market. The volatility in oil prices contributed higher spillovers in the tanker market, and remained a net contributor. The volatility in oil prices is a significant source of the volatility transmission during periods of the sudden drop in oil prices coupled with the higher volatility in oil market, and is a net receiver during stable periods. The period of higher spillovers lasts longer for the tanker sector as compared to dry cargo sector. In the particular case of dry cargo market, the smaller (larger) the size of the vessels, the greater (lower) are the spillovers observed (From and To). Hedging turns out be irrelevant during turmoil periods, as the comovement between shipping and oil market becomes stronger. The spillovers are pronounced during the period of financial crisis, COVID-19 and 2014–2016, owing to the significant fluctuations in oil prices and a troubled period for marine shipping industry.

An on-board energy and environmental analysis within the COVID-19 effects

The marine transportation industry, which has made significant steps in recent years to combat climate change and global warming, is heavily influenced by regional and worldwide economic trends. The COVID-19 pandemic, which began in China at the end of 2019 and spread to the rest of the world in the first quarter of 2020, caused the global economy and marine transport to decline by 4.1% in 2020. It is proposed in this study to investigate various scenarios by modelling this circumstance that has unexpectedly occurred using decision assistance technologies.

Electrical Machinery Construction in Russia

The state of electrical machinery construction, which is an important basis of Russia’s electrical industry, is assessed. The article places focus on the competitiveness and self-sufficiency of domestic electrical machinery construction industry, its enterprises and production volumes. The production of electrical machinery around the world and the organizational interaction of its main manufacturers are also considered. The state of science in the field of electrical machinery construction is analyzed, and achievements in improving the energy efficiency, specific power capacity, and reliability of electrical machines are shown. Prospects for the development of adjustable-frequency motors, as well as machines operating under extreme loads that are used in electric transmission systems of urban, railway, marine transport, agriculture, and mining industry are discussed. Promising issues in the field of research activities aimed at development of new electrical machines and drive systems are considered. In conclusion, information is provided on the state of production at the enterprises of the Ruselprom Concern, one of the largest manufacturers of a wide range of electrical machines. The article is written in the form of answers Dr. Sci. (Eng.) L.N. Makarov, General Designer of Ruselprom Concern gave to the questions of P.A. Butyrin, Corresponding Member of the RAS, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Editor-in-Chief of the journal Elektrichestvo.

FEATURES OF FORMATION OF BASIC PARAMETERS OF THE SPECIALIZED MARINE TRANSPORT FLEET

The article discusses the basic principles of optimizing the status of subsystems of the marine transport industry. Since the positioning of stability management in any segment of transport activities reflects a system of principles, a system of the interdependence of structural elements of merchant shipping was identified. Taking into account the most important provisions for managing the economic stability of shipping and the principles of repayable financing, urgent problems of improving the assessment of business decisions by criteria and indicators reflecting the functioning of shipping companies and trading ports are considered in the article. The structure of the problems and advantages of the formation of an active marine transport strategy is presented. Some factors of the development of specialized segments of the global maritime trade market are disclosed. The regularity and conditions for the formation of the parameters of the marine transport cluster are formulated. The article discusses measures to balance the economic interests of maritime transport and the consumers of its products. On this basis, the economic stimulation of optimal economic results is intensified. The necessity of using a wider range of economic regulation in comparison with the concentration of efforts on one model in optimizing the basic state of the regional complex of maritime transport is considered. The article also takes into account the analysis of factors that contribute to the optimization of the final indicators with the parameters of the maritime trade market. Features of innovative approaches that are of fundamental importance in the transport business and reflect the intellectual property of the company's management or its consultants are highlighted. It is on the life cycle ideas of the fleet that functional and financial stability of positioning can be achieved, despite the fact that new competitors appear at regular intervals. It is recommended to systematize the conditions for achieving the parameters of transport independence in the development of international transport integration, special attention is paid to the choice of mission based on the formation of a merchant shipping system that provides standardized efficiency. This, in turn, should be achieved through the benefits of innovative freight technologies.

A Short Review on Applications of Aluminium Composites: Automotive, Aerospace and aircraft, Rail transport, and Marine transport industry

Al MMCs presents an extraordinary chance and a large group of opportunities for the materials/plan engineer. There are presently numerous opportunities for control of properties/property mixes to suit explicit necessities of material and part properties to improve execution and dependability. New and arising mechanical improvements highlight the increment of use of Al MMCs in current and future modern turns of events. A portion of the current boundaries and difficulties are being addressed through different R&D endeavors to track down an enduring arrangement. From the front-going survey, it is clear that the eventual fate of Al MMCs in different modern and business applications is exceptionally brilliant. Progressed innovative improvements in essential and auxiliary handling of Al MMCs will keep on giving them a strategic advantage over the elective materials like Mg, AHSS, and polymer composites. The fundamental difficulties and obstructions that have been recognized incorporate the absence of property displaying (particularly the high-temperature conduct of Al MMCs), absence of plan information, and significant expenses of essential and auxiliary cycles. Be that as it may, there are promising indications of mechanical leap forward by different examination endeavours committed to tracking down answers for these difficulties. New advancements in CNT and nanotechnology have, for instance, offered potential outcomes of the creation of Al MMCs with upgraded properties for high-temperature applications and further developed wear and erosion opposition. These amalgams offer new R&D openings for additional improvement of Al MMCs and will rethink the new jobs and capability of Al MMCs in-car applications. Different specialists are likewise thinking of inventive expense decrease procedures to cut down the expense of supplanting customary ferrous materials with aluminum metal framework composites.

Study on the Variable Speed Diesel Generator and Effects on Structure Vibration Behavior in the DC Grid

Global warming and air pollutants are in general major worldwide concerns including for the marine shipping industry. Equipped with new technologies, the onboard DC grid has proven several advantages, including up to 27% reduction in specific fuel consumption with reduced emissions. That can be achieved by installing an optimized variable speed diesel generator. The engine speed is adjusted according to the required power, which allows to always keep the best efficiency of the combustion process. However, it also exposes some changes in the behavior of the structure vibrations. Measurements on an experimental variable speed diesel generator show that vibration increases when trying to slow down the engine for the same load. This behavior is closely related to the resonance in low rev range that usually occurs with general gensets. In other words, we can conclude that the DC grid’s variable speed generator may be beneficial for fuel efficiency, but not for mechanical life and safety. Several measures had been given, of which the alternation of the natural frequency is presented as an economical and efficient solution. The ultimate goal is to maintain operational safety while respecting reduced fuel consumption.

AERODYNAMIC LIFT FORCES ON MULTIHULLED MARINE VEHICLES

The need for high-speed high-payload craft has led to considerable efforts within the marine transport industry towards a vehicle capable of bridging the gap between conventional ships and aircraft. One such concept uses the forward motion of the craft to create aerodynamic lift forces on a wing-like superstructure and hence, reduce the displacement and skin friction. This paper addresses the specific aerodynamic design of multihull for optimal lift production and shows that significant efficiency can be achieved through careful shaping of a ducted hull, with lift-to-drag ratios of nearly 50 for a complete aerodynamic hull configuration. Further analysis is carried out using a hybrid vehicle stability model to determine the effect of such aerodynamic alleviation on a theoretical planing hull. It is found that the resistance can be halved for a fifty metre, three hundred tonne vehicle with aerodynamic alleviation travelling at 70 knots. Results are presented for a candidate vessel.

Bulk Cargo Marine Transportation Industry

Bulk cargo is being transported in large parcels to reduce transportation cost calculated per unit of cargo. Its main categories are: liquid cargo, dry bulk cargo and special bulk cargo. The deadweight of the fleet of ships carrying bulk cargo by sea increased 3.4 times in 1990-2020. Dry carriers account for 55% of the fleet and their deadweight increased 4.4 times during the same period. The Oil and oil products tankers account for 37% of the deadweights which has been increased by 2.4 times. The majority of the oil tanker tonnage (over 98%) comes from VLCC, Suezmax and Aframax type vessels. 60% of this is 200 thousands tankers sized more than dwt. The oil tanker freight market in 2002-2019 was characterized by a high level of volatility. VLCC tanker time-charter equivalent ranged from $ 8.7-95.2 thousand in 2002-2019. The variability of time-charter rates in other oil tanker categories was similar. The major part of the tonnage of product tankers (more than 90%) is derived from from LR2, LR1 and MR2 type of vessels. 43% of these are LR2 tankers. This segment of the freight market was also highly variable. LR2 tanker time-charter equivalent ranged from $ 7.5-28.8 thousand in 2011-2019 years. The main part of the tonnage of dry cargo vessels (over 69%) comes from Capesize, Panamax and Supramax type vessels. This segment of the freight market has been declining and highly volatile in recent years. The capesize-type ship time charter equivalent ranged from $ 3.5-30.8 thousands in 2011-2019. Keywords: bulk cargo, oil tanker, bulk carrier, gas carrier, chemical tanker, time charter equivalent.

Assessment of forest-based biofuels for Arctic marine shipping

International shipping in the Arctic region is one of the key contributors to changes in the region due to the generated air emissions from marine fuels combustion, usage of forest-based biofuels as an alternative to conventional fossil fuels in marine shipping seem as an attractive alternative. However, a system analysis perspective is needed to ensure its sustainability.Life cycle assessment was used to estimate the environmental impacts of the production and use of two forest-based biofuels. These fuels, biodiesel and bioethanol, were derived from pulp and paper mills for use by marine shipping. They were compared to fossil fuels currently used by the marine shipping industry, those being Marine Gas Oil (MGO) and Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO). Future projection scenarios in 2030 and 2050 for estimating the environmental impacts of a transition from fossil fuels to biofuels in Arctic shipping were studied as well.The results indicate that a holistic view is very important for biofuel use. The production and use of forest-based bioethanol (BE) had a significantly lower impact on climate change (CC) potential, but had a higher impact on Human toxicity non-cancer effects (HTX), Human toxicity cancer effects (CE), Particulate matter (PM), Photochemical ozone formation (POF), Acidification potential (AP), Terrestrial eutrophication (TE), Freshwater Eutrophication (FE), Marine eutrophication (ME) and Freshwater Ecotoxicity (FEC). Replacing HFO with forest-based biodiesel reduced the potential AP by 55%. It also had a lower impact on the categories CC, PM, POF, TE, ME and FEC. Furthermore, a reduction in emissions generated by shipping in the Arctic and a better overall environmental performance can be achieved by using blends of MGO with BE.

Cenosphere formation of heavy fuel oil/water emulsion combustion in a swirling flame

Heavy fuel oil (HFO) is a good alternative and economical fuel for power generation and marine transport industry because of its low price and high energy density. However, HFO's incomplete and complex combustion results in high levels of emissions. One way to improve HFO combustion and reduce its high-level pollutant emissions is by emulsifying HFO with water to form water-in-oil emulsion fuel by virtue of its characteristic of the micro-explosion phenomenon of emulsion fuel. In this work, we tested HFO samples with water contents of 0% (normal HFO), 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30% in mass. A lab-scale burner with an air-blast nozzle and swirling airflow was applied to simulate the industrial boiler's typical features. The properties of various water contents emulsion fuel, including composition, water droplet size distribution, heating value, density, viscosity, and TGA were analyzed. The influence of water-HFO emulsion on the swirling flame combustion performance and the primary pollutant emissions, listed as CO, CO2, NOx, SOx, particulate matter (PM), and its composition, was studied. The results show that, in general, multiple various beneficial processes come into effect when water-in-HFO emulsion augments the combustion. HFO emulsion technology offers tremendous potential to enhance combustion processes' efficiency with reduced SOx, NOx, and particulate matter emissions. The emulsion fuel has a considerable effect on the formation process of cenospheres. This effect varies with different water levels in HFO due to the different intensities of secondary atomization of emulsion fuel combustion.

An Efficient Hybrid Webshell Detection Method for Webserver of Marine Transportation Systems

An increase in the number of Maritime Intelligent Transport Systems (MITSs) also means an increase in the number of information security risks. Usually, the administration and operation of MITSs are done through web servers that are frequently targeted by hackers. In marine transportation industry, malicious code injection attacks (webshell) has been widely exploited by hackers to take full control of Web servers. Traditional webshell detection methods based on pattern matching that are no longer effective against new types of webshell. This motivates us to investigate the problem of detecting obfuscation or unknown webshells, termed OUW problem. In this work, we propose a pattern-matching-deep-learning hybrid ASP.NET webshell detection method (H-DLPMWD) to address the OUW problem. H-DLPMWD is based on Yara-based pattern matching to clean dataset; modeling ASP.NET code files as an operation code index (OCI) vectors; and applying CNN method to train and predict webshell in OCI vectors. To validate H-DLPMWD, our rigorous experimentation demonstrates that H-DLPMWD achieves an excellent accuracy of 98.49%, F1-score of 99.01%, and a low false positive rate of 1.75%.