Marine Geographic Information System Research Articles

Usability of Marine Geographic Information System Software for User Area of Interest Analysis Using Eye-Tracking Equipment

Usability of Marine Geographic Information System Software for User Area of Interest Analysis Using Eye-Tracking Equipment

Key technologies and case implementation of online course

AbstractTo adapt to the needs of teaching modes such as network distance education and mobile online learning, and overcome the space‐time limitation of traditional offline education, the construction of online courses has become an important task of informatization in education. The research analyzes several key technologies for the construction of online courses and proposes solutions for making dynamic maps and demonstration animations, sharing relevant teaching resources, cloud classroom design, special experiment design, and online testing and question & answer (Q & A). On this basis, with the index system of “Modern Distance Education Standards” as a reference, the national standard and evaluation plan of online courses as guides, and computer technology and multimedia technology as means, the research develops an online course case of Marine Geographic Information System (MGIS). Based on the.NET platform, construct a teaching resource website supporting MGIS. The online course and its supporting teaching resources website have realized the characteristic function of personalized self‐learning, dynamic demonstration of knowledge, online testing according to different learning stages, interesting experiments to stimulate learning enthusiasm, intelligent feedback learning effect, and so on. Through application and practice in teaching, the website of online courses and resources has achieved a good teaching effect.

A Decision‐making Support System for Automatically Determining the Route Priority of Vessels Entering/Exiting the Ports

AbstractThis study developed a decision‐making support system (DMSS) for automatically determining the route priority of vessels entering/exiting the waters surrounding the port monitored by vessel traffic services (VTS). The developed DMSS was combined with marine geographic information systems (GIS), automatic identification systems (AIS), and fuzzy logic theory. The simulations of case studies for the ports of Keelung and Singapore were shown to illustrate the fitness of the developed DMSS. Based on the vessel information received/transmitted by AIS within the waters monitored by VTS, the developed DMSS can compute and output the route priority values for the captains on board and the operators in VTS stations as a point of reference. In other words, each ship in the waters surrounding the port can know the route priority for entering/exiting the port. The simulation results of case studies showed that the developed DMSS seems promising. The developed DMSS could be a useful tool in improving a port's navigation safety.

Digital Elevation Models of the Bottom in the Operational Oceanography System

A new area of oceanography, operational oceanography, involves a comprehensive assessment and forecast of the variability of the state of the marine environment. This requires systematic study of numerous natural parameters, the creation of integrated measurement systems for the properties of the water column and seafloor, rapid data collection and transmission systems, assimilation of new data in the model, etc. The seafloor has a significant impact on the hydrophysical state of the environment and vice versa; accordingly, information is needed on the state and properties of the bottom in the deployment area of various surveillance tools, including assessment of possible geohazards. The spatial distribution and possible variability of the geomorphological and geological–geophysical parameters of the bottom, which determine the geoacoustic properties, depends on the shape of the relief and its morphometric characteristics. Thus, the digital elevation model (DEM) is an essential component of marine geographic information systems and an essential element of operational oceanography. A DEM entails an organized structure of files containing vector representations of various types of spatial objects, information on their attributes, and topological relationships between them. The DEM displays the seafloor relief as a grid file with a resolution corresponding to a given scale. Methods for the direct spatial mathematical processing of DEMs make it possible to obtain a wide range of bottom surface characteristics, including morphometric. DEMs can have both independent practical application and act as parameters for systematizing, typifying, and zoning the seafloor. The paper outlines some areas of the possible use of DEMs in operational oceanography with a case study of the Arctic shelf.

The Importance of the Coordinate Transformation Process in Using Heterogeneous Data in Coastal and Marine Geographic Information System

Coastal and Marine Geographic Information Systems (CMGISs) permit to collect, manage, and analyze a great amount of heterogeneous data concerning coastal, sea, and ocean environments, e.g., nautical charts, topographic maps, remotely sensed images. To integrate those heterogeneous layers in CMGIS, particular attention is necessary to ensure the perfect geo-localization of data, which is a basic requirement for the correct spatial analysis. In fact, the above-mentioned types of information sources are usually available in different cartographic projections, geodetic datum, and scale of representation. Therefore, automatic conversions supplied by Geographic Information System (GIS) software for layer overlay do not produce results with adequate positional accuracy. This paper aims to describe methodological aspects concerning different data integration in CMGIS in order to enhance its capability to handle topics of coastal and marine applications. Experiments are carried out to build a CMGIS of the Campania Region (Italy) harmonizing different data (maps and satellite images), which are heterogeneous for datum (World Geodetic System 1984 and European Datum 1950), projection (Mercator and Universal Transverse of Mercator), and scale of representation (large and medium scale). Results demonstrate that automatic conversion carried out by GIS software are insufficient to ensure levels of positional accuracy adequate for large scale representation. Therefore, additional operations such as those proposed in this work are necessary.

Marine Geographic Information System: A Big Data Based Study

Tu, C.-Y., 2020. Marine geographic information system: A big data based study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 566–570. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.With the development of information technology and the arrival of the era of big data, marine geographic information systems are increasingly inseparable from the analysis and research of big data. Marine geographic information systems based on big data have an important significance and role for the analysis of the laws and values behind the data. These systems analyze and process ocean data to better serve the national marine information strategy. In addition, marine geographic information systems based on big data can process geological information, improve the research level of marine researchers, and give full play to the economic benefits of the ocean. This article introduces the application of big data in marine geographic information systems, then analyzes the advantages of marine geographic information sharing platforms, that is, application, and finally constructs a marine geographic information system based on big data.

Implementation of Marine Geographic Information System: Taking the Yellow River Delta as an Example

Ma, K., 2020. Implementation of marine geographic information system: Taking the Yellow River delta as an example. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 502–505. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.The application of a marine geographic information system (GIS) has become one of the important tools for the planning, management, and development of estuarine and coastal resources and environment. The system can not only deal with spatial data management and graphic expression, but also meet the increasingly complex data processing and analysis requirements. Taking the Yellow River delta as an example, this paper studies the marine GIS and its key technologies to establish a practical marine GIS with observation data processing and analysis. This paper first introduces the overall design and construction of the database, then analyzes the common functions of the system, and finally studies the key applications of the system.

Marine Information Management Service Platform: A GIS Based Study

Luo, M.-H.; Fan, Z.-J., and Yu, T., 2020. Marine information management service platform: A GIS based study. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 557–561. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.At present, with the implementation and promotion of the national marine strategy, the construction of marine information management has also made in-depth development. The purpose of the ocean information management system is to analyze ocean data from an overall perspective, in order to provide intelligent ocean management. The ocean data is complex, and the information is huge, so the construction of the system is also very complex. On this basis, this article designs the marine information service system based on GIS. First, this article analyzes the composition of the marine geographic information system, and then carries out the demand analysis of the marine information management system and the design of the marine geographic information system. Finally, the system development and implementation methods are described.

Study on fuzzy GIS for navigation safety of fishing boats

ABSTRACTMaritime ship collisions involving fishing boats have often been reported, and the major factors have been human error and unpredictable conditions. This paper aims to create a set of collision-avoidance measures for operating fishing boats or a vessel traffic service by way of time and space management. It proposes a novel safe collision-avoidance safeguarding ring for navigational safety between operating fishing boats and merchant ships with a dummy automatic identification system (AIS) to enable fishing boats to establish a dynamic state when approaching ships under operation (fishing). The approach method utilises the maximum relative speed, sea state, and escape time as three linguistic input variables for fuzzy logic control application. After the radius of the safeguarding ring is obtained and shown on a marine geographic information systems (MGIS) platform, the danger index of two ships is evaluated based on the area difference calculated through the MGIS. The software was installed in the dummy AIS receivers of fishing boats for experimentation in a Taiwan harbour. It was able to enhance the collision-avoidance ability of the operating fishing boats effectively and reduce marine disasters involving fishing boats.

A Unified Indexing Strategy for the Mixed Data of a Future Marine GIS

Spatial indexing technology is widely used in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and spatial databases. As a data retrieval technology, spatial indexing is becoming increasingly important in the big-data age. The purpose of this study is to propose a unified indexing strategy for the mixed data of a future marine GIS. First, data organisation of the system is described. Second, the display condition of each type of data is introduced. These conditions are the basis for the construction of a unified indexing structure. Third, a unified indexing structure for mixed data is presented. The construction process and the search method of the indexing structure are described. Finally, we implement the indexing strategy in our system “Automotive Intelligent Chart Three-dimensional Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems” (AIC 3D ECDIS). Our strategy can provide fast and integrated data retrieval. The spatial indexing strategy we propose breaks through the limitation of data types in our system. It can also be applied in other GIS systems. With the advent of the big-data age, mixed data indexing will become more and more important.

섬진강 하구역 Mobile MGIS 구축 연구

Abstract The study of Mobile MGIS (Marine Geographic Information System) based on the Android Mobile Platform is mainly performed on effective methodologies which transform real world data to computing world data. Mobile GUI system has its own target on reliable data service by acquisition of geometric information using EFDC (Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code) Model, accurate measurement and graphical visualization. Even simple visualizations can aid in the interpretation of complex hydrodynamic relationships that are frequently encountered in the marine environment.The Mobile MGIS provides an easy way for hydrodynamics geoscientists to construct complex visualizations that can be viewed with free software. This study proposes a Mobile GUI MGIS using EFDC Model result of Seomjin River estuary. Finally, we design a Seomjin River estuarine Coastal Waters Mobile MGIS integrating above data models. It must adds more ecological information and the various service item for approach more easily in order to user.Key words : Marine Geographic Information System, Graphic User Information, Android, Mobile Platform, Seomjin River, Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code ModelCorresponding author : 061-659-7155, kimjk@chonnam.ac.kr( ( )(2 )).

SVG를 이용한 마이크로네시아 코스레 주변해역 Web MGIS 구축

The study of Web MGIS(Marine Geographic Information System) based on the SVG(Scalable Vector Graphics) is mainly performed on effective methodologies which transform real world data to computing world data. Web GUI system has its own target on reliable data service by acquisition of geometric information using HYCOM(HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model), accurate measurement and graphical visualization. This type of raw data visualization can be built without software tools, yet is incredibly useful for interpreting and communicating data. Even simple visualizations can aid in the interpretation of complex hydrodynamic relationships that are frequently encountered in the marine environment. The Web MGIS provides an easy way for hydrodynamic geoscientists to construct complex visualizations that can be viewed with free software. This study proposes a Web GUI MGIS using FVCOM(Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model). Finally, we design a Marine Web GUI system of Kosrae Coastal Waters integrating above data models. It must adds more ecological information and the various service item for approach more easily in order to user.

A New Organization and Indexing Method of Multibeam Point Cloud Data in 3D Marine GIS

Multibeam sounding system can be used for the acquisition of high-precision digital seabed terrain model, it brings new opportunities for the development of 3D marine GIS (Geographic Information System). But its massive point cloud data poses great challenge for its storage and visualization. This paper proposes a new storage strategy and gives an optimized visualization method specifically for the storage strategy. First, we take advantage of the point cloud coordinates regularity to sort these points according to certain rules and efficiently organize it through multiple spatial index. Vertically, a multi-level pyramid index is established. We generate a number of levels data with different level of detail and different scale, namely the static level of detail (LOD) model, in this way, a trade-off between appropriate redundant storage space and efficient data retrieve is achieved. Horizontally, for all levels of the pyramid model, we establish a tiled quadtree index, and generate a cache image for each tile. Secondly, an optimized visualization method in accordance with the storage strategy is also designed. Based on the current area of interest and data dispatch algorithm, we calculate the corresponding tile location and directly load the cache image to lessen the workload of complex spatial data operation, reduce the rendering burden of spatial data. We can generate customized dynamic cache with specific area of interest and scale, to improve the visual effect, too.

Theory and application in a post-GISystems world

This perspectives paper uses the seminal article of Goodchild (1992) as a lens through which to review and reflect upon several longstanding issues that have influenced the field of geographic information science in the past and will continue to be important at least into the next decade. Under the category of theory, the continuing issue of ‘tool versus science’ now has implications for the defining of geographic information systems (GISs) as a profession. In turn, a brief perspective is offered on how GIS has contributed to ‘methodological versus substantive’ questions in science, leading to the understanding of how the Earth works versus how the Earth should look. Both understandings of the Earth are particularly germane to the emergence of tools and applications such as marine and coastal GIS, virtual globes, spatial cyber infrastructure, and the ethics of GIS. And in the realm of marine and coastal GIS, the example of multidimensional data structuring and scaling is used to highlight an underlying lesson of Goodchild (1992) in that theory and application are in no way mutually exclusive, and it may often be application that advances theory, rather than vice versa. Indeed, it may be this reversal that is ushering in a ‘post-GISystems’ world, where GIS is subsumed into a broader framework known simply as ‘the web,’ divorced from the desktop, but providing a new paradigm for GIS (aligned with the ‘fourth paradigm’ of Hey et al. 2009). As so much data and information will be collected spatially in a way not possible before (e.g., the ‘big data’ of global observational science), GIS will need to be both system and science to support the turn toward more place-based research across increasing scientific domains. GIS is needed also by society at large to guide the understanding of the longstanding fundamentals of geolocation, scale, proximity, distance decay, the neighborhood, the region, the territory, and more.

ASTER영상을 이용한 고주파 필터에 의한 해안선 변화 분석

본 연구는 ASTER영상을 이용한 해안선 변화에 관한 연구이다. ASTER영상은 1999년 12월에 일본에서 발사된 지구탐사위성에 탑재된 센서이다. ASTER 영상은 15m, 30m, 90m의 해상도와 VNIR, TIR, WIR의 3개의 센서를 가지고 있으나 비교적 영상이 저렴하다. 특히 다양한 파장대를 분포하고 있어 기존의 위성영상보다 지구상의 많은 정보의 획득이 가능하다. 해안선은 국지성이 강하므로 지형 형상에 따라서 변화하게 된다. 그리고 해양지리정보구축에서 가장 중요한 요소 중의 하나다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 ASTER 위성영상으로부터 해안선을 Vector Line으로 자동추출 후 변화량을 분석하였다. 연구결과는 향후 해안선 변화를 분석하는데 중요한 기초자료로 활용될 것이다. This study is about the change of coastline through using ASTER images. ASTER image is a sensor loaded in earth resources satellite shoot in Japan on Dec. 1999. It has 15m, 30m, 90m coastline, three sensors of VNIR, TIR and WIR, therefore it's possible to obtain more information on the Earth than the existing satellite images cause it contains various a wavelength range in spite of relatively economic image. The coastline is changed according to topography shape because it's strongly localized. Besides, it's one of the most important factors in MGIS(Marine Geographic Information System). Therefore, this study is accomplished by analysing variation after abstraction the coastline automatically by Vector Line from ASTER satellite images. The study result will be used as an important basic data when analysis the change of e coastline hereafter.

FUZZY DECISION ON OPTIMAL COLLISION AVOIDANCE MEASURES FOR SHIPS IN VESSEL TRAFFIC SERVICE

This article proposes a new collision avoidance decision method for ships, allowing ships at risk of collision to take timely collision avoidance measures to ensure safe passage. Through vessel traffic service (VTS) collision alert system, an analysis can be made for the probability of a ship collision and an early warning can be issued. For ships in potential collision danger, the proposed method will use Microsoft Visual Studio to establish a knowledge base of international regulations for preventing collisions at sea. Thus, based on an analysis of the situation when encountering other ships, the knowledge base will suggest an appropriate avoidance technique and use a fuzzy monitoring system, propose a novel collision danger domain that forbids entering forgive-way ship. Considering the required advance for ship turning, the fuzzy monitoring system will suggest the optimal rudder steering procedure for the give-way ship, allow the ship to avoid collision and ensure navigation safety. The avoidance action taken by the ship does not consider reducing speed, instead focuses only on rudder steering. The system also integrates VTS/automatic identification system (AIS)/marine geographic information system (MGIS) by using MGIS as an AIS imaging system to facilitate the optimal decision for ship collision avoidance and determine the input linguistic variables for the fuzzy logic theory via an analytical hierarchy process. The proposed method can enhance the VTS operator's decision-making abilities for collision avoidance by providing a fuzzy monitoring system.

Recent progress of marine geographic information system in China: A review for 2006–2010

In this article, the progress of marine geographic information system (MGIS) in China during 2006–2010 is reviewed with emphases on generic MGIS, advanced MGIS and MGIS-based applications. Generic MGIS can be divided into two categories: data-oriented MGIS and user-oriented MGIS, recent achievements of which by Chinese researchers are summarized respectively. Advanced MGIS mainly involves the establishment of 3D virtual marine environment and ‘Digital Ocean’. An overview of the 3D MGIS based simulations in the context of ocean phenomena, ocean engineering and ocean battlefield is also presented. Several suggestions for future development of MGIS in China are proposed, and trends of development are addressed.

A Fuzzy Logic Method for Collision Avoidance in Vessel Traffic Service

Currently Vessel Traffic Service (VTS) does not have enough technical capability to monitor a crowded surveillance area to maintain safety. Without an efficient alerting system, many marine accidents have occurred due to operator oversight. In this article, a new fuzzy logic method is proposed to add vessel collision avoidance capability to VTS/AIS systems for all potential collision ships in the surveillance area. Starting from the VTS standpoint and integrating AIS data into the Marine Geographic Information System (MGIS) as a platform, the calculations of ship domain and ship inertial force are utilized to generate models of a guarding ring and danger index. By this means, a precise prediction of collision time and position can be achieved using a marine GIS spatial analyst module. The proposed method is able to enhance the VTS operator's decision-making abilities by providing a collision avoidance alerting system.

Error detection of bathymetry data by visualization using GIS

Graphical methods are very efficient means for error detection in large volumes of spatial data. Bathymetry data form the basis for nautical charts that are used by the fishing industry to utilize and manage the fishing resources, and by the fishing communities to study migration and habitat studies of fish. The bathymetry data of the world have been collected over a century and have a wide range of resolution and accuracy. The Geographic Information System (GIS) is a powerful tool to process, analyze, manage, and display spatial data. Marine GIS provides a mechanism for recording data with navigation, creating an efficient digital database, and plotting data on maps. Here, we have used ArcView 3.2 GIS software and its 3D Analyst extension module to visualize bathymetry data that were collected around the Hawaiian Islands. We have also identified some highly erroneous bathymetry data in this data set.

Marine geographic information system for the exclusive economic zone

This article investigates the feasibility of creating an efficient marine geographic information system (CIS) model for various types of marine data (bathymetry, gravity, magnetic) collected by numerous national and international institutions over the past several decades in the Hawaiian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEL). The system has been developed with the objective of providing tools to perform tasks such as processing, integrating, archiving, managing, and analyzing different spatial marine data and displaying and generating thematic maps. The techniques involved in building the GIS, spatial marine data processing, data integration, 3D data structures, and animation, are also discussed. For the development of our marine GIS, various hardware systems, including PCs. workstations, plotters, scanners, and printers, as well as softwares such as Geologic Information Visualization (GIV). ARC/INFO Version 7 and its various modules, and image processing software tools such as Imagetool, XV, and Corel Draw were used. The data used for this project include bathymetric, gravity, and magnetic data collected in the part of the EEZ around the island of Kaho'olawe. This GIS model can be used as a prototype to develop a global marine GIS which will help in managing the oceans.