Marginal Benefit Cost Ratio Research Articles

Efficacy of Pre and Post Emergence Herbicides against Complex Weed Flora, Yield and Economics of Blackgram under High Hills Wet Temperate Zone of Himachal Pradesh

Background: Implementing integrated strategies for weed management is essential in maximizing blackgram yield. Unchecked weed proliferation leads to substantial decrease in crop productivity. Methods: The current field experiment was conducted at Salooni, Himachal Pradesh, to evaluate the efficacy of different integrated weed management practices during Kharif 2022 and 2023. Eleven treatments targeting weed control were evaluated both at pre and post - emergence stages. Result: The predominant weeds were Echinochloa colona, Galinsoga parviflora, Cyperus species and other broad leaf weeds were Plantago lanceolata, Trifolium repens, Trianthema species, Ageratum conyzoides. Data on weed dynamics revealed that; after weed-free treatment, the application of Imazethapyr 75 g/ha as PE fb HW at 30 DAS; Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha as PE fb HW at 30 DAS and Pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha + imazethapyr 75 g/ha (PE) recorded a significantly lower total weed count as compared to other treatments. Parameters related to blackgram growth and yield, including plant height, number of branches per plant, pods per plant, grain yield and haulm yield were significantly higher with weed-free treatment followed by application of imazethapyr 75 g/ha as PE fb HW at 30 DAS, remaining at par with application of pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha + imazethapyr 75 g/ha (PE) and pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha as PE fb HW at 30 DAS. The most economically efficient weed control method was the combination of pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha + imazethapyr 75 g/ha (PE), as it resulted in the highest net returns and marginal benefit-cost ratio.

Strategy formulation of agricultural machinery development for sustainable potato farming in upland of Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java, Indonesia

In the agricultural sector, labor reduction is a significant obstacle to increasing potato production and the use of machinery is considered an effective solution. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the potential and profitability of implementing agricultural machinery and develop a specific strategy in Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Data collection was carried out from September 2021 to April 2022, and the demonstration farming (demfarm) method was used to test three technology package, with and without agricultural machinery and with existing technology as a control. The study also surveyed farmer characteristics, use the demfarm method, and conducted focus group discussion on internal and external indicators influencing agricultural machinery development. Data analysis included the benefit-cost ratio (BCR), marginal BCR, and strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT). The results showed that the development of agricultural machinery for potato cultivation was highly profitable, with a BCR of 1.28, suggesting that the development of agricultural machinery is worthwhile. The agricultural machinery technology demonstrated the best performance among the three packages studied. Based on the results, the policy strategy to support the sustainability of potato farming in Central Java involves the application of efficient agricultural technology by optimizing land availability, involving farmer institutions, and the use of agricultural machinery.

Productivity and Profitability of Four Crops Based cropping Pattern in Jhenaidah District of Bangladesh

A field experiment was carried out at the farmers' field in the Kaliganj upazila for two consecutive years (2021-22, 2022-23). The experiment carried out in a multi-location testing site in the Jhenaidah district, under the Jashore region. The objective of the experiment was to enhance cropping intensity and productivity by incorporating T. Aus into the existing cropping pattern. The current cropping sequence consisted of T. Aman-Mustard-Mungbean, while the suggested cropping sequence included T. Aman- Mustard-Mungbean-T. Aus. The research findings showed that the rice equivalent yield (REY) in the suggested cropping pattern was 21 t ha-1, representing a 31.25% increased over the yield of existing pattern (16 t ha-1). The greater gross return (Tk. ha-1), gross margin (Tk. ha-1), and slightly higher marginal benefit cost ratio obtained from this four-crop-based cropping pattern suggest that the proposed pattern could be recommended for higher productivity and economic benefit in other parts of the Jashore region. Bangladesh J. Nuclear Agric, 38(1): 93-100, 2024

R&D lags in economic models

ABSTRACT Quite different R&D lag structures predominate in studies of agricultural R&D compared with studies of R&D in other industries, and compared with studies of economic growth more broadly. Here we compare the main models and their implications using long-run data for U.S. agriculture. We reject the models predominantly used in studies of economic growth and industrial R&D both on prior grounds and using various statistical tests. The preferred model is a 50-year gamma lag distribution model. The estimated elasticity of agricultural MFP with respect to the knowledge stock is 0.21 and the implied marginal benefit–cost ratio is 18:1.

Advantages of early-maturity soybean varieties as a farmer adaptation effort to climate change in Grobogan Regency

The climate change impact is cropping patterns change, including unpredictable droughts and floods. These conditions require soybean farmers to adapt, one of them is adopting early maturing soybean varieties. This research aims to identify the advantages of early-maturity soybean varieties, financial feasibility, and technical Efficiency. This study collected data from 40 soybean farmers in the Grobogan Regency. Soybean farming data used in planting season III (May-August) 2021. Biosoy varieties are early maturing, compared to the Anjasmoro varieties as existing soybeans. The financial feasibility of early-maturing soybeans is analyzed by the Marginal Benefit Cost Ratio (MBCR), while technical Efficiency is by stochastic frontier. The research showed that a) advantages of Biosoy early-maturing soybeans include higher production, larger seeds, and reduced risk of crop failure due to drought; b) Biosoy varieties are feasible to develop with an MBCR level of 3.19, and c) an average technical efficiency is 0.92. Biosoy varieties demonstrated better advantages than Anjasmoro varieties. The government, as a policy maker, is expected to be able to encourage farmers to adopt Biosoy varieties and optimize production inputs to make them more efficient so that farmers can adapt to climate change adaption.

Efficacy of bio-rational insecticide for eco-friendly management of pod borer of mung bean

Pod borer species Maruca vitrata (Geyer) and Euchrysops cnejus (Fab.) are the major limiting constraints in mung bean. The present experiment was conducted in the experimental field of the Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh during March to June 2021 to develop an ecofriendly management approach against pod borer attacking mung bean. Four eco-friendly biopesticides (Biomax 1.8 EC (Abamectin) @ 1.2 ml/L, Tracer 45 SC (Spinosad) @ 0.4 g/, Fytomax PM (0.1% Azadirachtin) @ 5.0 ml/L, Neem Seed kernel Extract (NSKE) @ 50.0 g/L) and clean cultivation were tested against pod borers of mung bean variety BU mug 4. An untreated control treatment was maintained for comparison. The marginal benefit-cost ratio of the treatments and the impact of the treatments on the abundance of beneficial arthropods in the experimental plots were recorded. The management approaches did not affect the abundance of beneficial arthropods in the bean field. The findings revealed that the lowest rate of pod infestation (1.9% by n/n and w/w) as well as the highest marketable yield (1.55 MT/ha) and marginal benefit- cost ratio (3.02) were obtained with the foliar spray with Tracer 45 SC (Spinosad) @0.4 g/L of water at 15 days interval. Tracer 45 SC (Spinosad) @ 0.4 g/L of water at 15 day intervals is an effective, suitable, and viable approach for suppressing pod borer complex without harm to beneficial arthropods in the mung bean field. Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2023) 27 (1): 71-79

Evaluation of Herbicides for the Management of Complex Weed Flora in French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under Mid Hill Conditions of Himachal Pradesh, India

A field experiment was conducted at Experimental Farm of the Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSK HPKV, Palampur during Kharif, 2022 to study the effect of herbicide combinations for the management weeds in French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications and comprised of eleven weed control treatments viz., oxyfluorfen 150 g ha-1 (pre-emergence), pretilachlor 1000 g ha-1 (pre-emergence), imazethapyr 100 g ha-1 (pre-emergence), quizalofop- ethyl 100 g ha-1 ( pre-emergence), oxyfluorfen 100 g ha-1 (pre-emergence) fb quizalofop-ethyl 70 g ha-1 (post-emergence), pretilachlor 700 g ha-1 (pre-emergence) fb quizalofop-ethyl 70 g ha-1 (post-emergence), imazethapyr 70 g ha-1 (pre-emergence) fb quizalofop-ethyl 70 g ha-1 (post-emergence), pretilachlor 500 g ha-1 + imazethapyr 50 g ha-1 (pre-emergence) fb quizalofop-ethyl 50 g ha-1+ chlorimuron 3 g ha-1 (post-emergence), pretilachlor 500 g ha-1+ imazethapyr 50 g ha-1 (pre-emergence) fb HW, 2 HWs (30 and 45 DAS) and weedy check. Results of the study revealed that hand weeding (twice) and pretilachlor 500 g ha-1 + imazethapyr 50 g ha-1 (pre-emergence) fb HW effectively reduced weed count and dry matter of the weed species. Highest weed control efficiency of 75.6 per cent was obtained from hand weeding (twice) treatment followed by 63.7 per cent with pretilachlor 500 g ha-1 + imazethapyr 50 g ha-1 (pre-emergence) fb HW. The treatment, hand weeding (twice) also produced significantly higher pod yield (16.14 t/ha), gross (₹ 2, 83,795) and net (₹2, 66,732) returns due to weed control. Amongst herbicidal treatments, pretilachlor 500 g ha-1 + imazethapyr 50 g ha-1 (pre-emergence) fb HW proved best as it resulted in significantly higher pod yield (14.24 t/ha), gross (₹ 2, 38,006) and net (₹ 2, 31,129) returns due to weed control. The treatment, Imazethapyr 100 g ha-1 gave the highest marginal benefit cost ratio (MBCR) of 178.9.

Improvement of Brinjal-T. Aman -Cabbage Cropping Pattern in Tangail Region

The experiment was conducted at the farmers’ field of FSRD site Deldwar, Tangail to evaluate the agro-economic performance of Okra-T.Aman-Cabbage cropping pattern against farmers’ existing pattern Brinjal-T.Aman rice-Cabbage through incorporation of high yielding varieties and improved management practices during 2018 to 2020. Two cropping pattern viz., Okra-T.Aman rice-Cabbage improved pattern and Brinjal-T.Aman rice-Cabbage farmers’ existing pattern were the treatments variables. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with five dispersed replications Mean data showed that the improved management practices for Okra-T.Aman rice-Cabbage cropping pattern provided higher rice equivalent yield (41.42 t ha-1), production efficiency (368 kg ha-1 day-1) and land utilization index (78 %) over farmers existing pattern Brinjal-T.Aman rice-Cabbage. Average gross return Tk. 667945 ha-1 and gross margin Tk. 452105 ha-1 of improved pattern were 24 and 33 % higher, respectively compared to that of farmers’ pattern with only 8 % extra cost. The marginal benefit cost ratio, land utilization index and production efficiency indicated the superiority of the improved pattern over the farmers’ practices.
 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 47(3): 323-232, September 2022

Effect of Fertilizer Doses on Turmeric at Madhupur Tract under AEZ-28

A field experiment was conducted at MLT site, Madhupur (AEZ-28), Tangail during 2020-21 and 2021-22 to find out an optimum fertilizer dose of turmeric in Madhupur tract and increase productivity and economic return of the farmers. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with five compact replications. The tested six treatment combinations were as T1: STB as per FRG’ 2018 (116-27-77-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1 ), T2 : T1 + 20% extra NK (139-27-92-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1), T3 :T1 + 20% extra NKS (139-27-92-9.6-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1), T4 :T1 + 20% extra NKSZn (139-27-92-8-1.8-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1), T5 : IPNS basis fertilizer with 5 t ha-1 cow dung (91-20-66-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1) and T6 : Farmers’ practice (115-50-125 kg NPK ha-1). BARI Halud-5 was used as test crop in this experiment. The unit plot size was 8m × 5m and spacing was maintained as 50 cm apart rows with plant to plant 25 cm. Seeds (rhizome) were planted @ 2000 kg ha-1 during 14-20 April, 2020 and 10-15 April 2021. The treatments showed significant differences in terms of yield and yield contributing characters. The highest fresh rhizome yield (17.13 t ha-1) was recorded from IPNS basis fertilizer with 5 t ha-1 cow dung i.e. (91-20-66-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1) treatment combination. The highest gross return (Tk.256950 ha-1) and gross margin (Tk.136740 ha-1) were recorded from the (T5) same treatment The marginal benefit cost ratio (3.79) was also highest in IPNS basis fertilizer with 5 t ha-1 cow dung i.e. (91-20-66-8-1.5-1.2 kg NPKSZnB ha-1) which further indicated the superiority among the treatments.

Effects of integrated nutrient management and urea deep placement on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency, farm profits and greenhouse gas emissions in saline soils of Bangladesh

Soil salinity is one of the major yield-limiting factors in the coastal ecosystems of Bangladesh. An efficient fertilizer management practice and selection of appropriate crop cultivars could play a crucial role in improving yield and promoting low-carbon agriculture across saline soils. A two-year multi-location field experiment was conducted during the Boro (dry) season (December–April) to investigate the effects of fertilizer management and rice cultivar selection on rice yield, economic viability, and global warming potential (GWP) in coastal saline soils of Bangladesh. The study included seven fertilizer treatments with varying nitrogen rates and sources, as well as two rice cultivars (BRRI dhan67 and BRRI dhan88). The results showed that integrated nutrient management-2 (INM-2) significantly (p < 0.05) increased rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency compared to other treatments for both BRRI dhan67 and BRRI dhan88. Similarly, INM-2 gave a higher return on fertilizer investment and marginal benefit-cost ratio than other treatments in both locations and under both cultivars. BRRI dhan67 significantly (p < 0.05) increased rice yield relative to BRRI dhan88 by 21 % and 52 % at the BRRI farm and Kaliganj in Satkhira, respectively. The cost-dominant analysis excluded BRRI dhan88 and all fertilizer treatments, except urea deep placement (UDP) and INM-2, from consideration in both locations. Consequently, INM-2 and UDP proved to be economically viable in both locations, with INM showing a higher marginal rate of return than UDP in BRRI dhan67. In terms of environmental sustainability, UDP significantly (p < 0.05) reduced GWP and yield-scaled emissions of CH4 by 31 % and 38 % without causing yield loss compared to INM-2. Similarly, BRRI dhan67 significantly (p < 0.05) reduced GWP and yield-scaled emissions of CH4 by 5 and 22 % compared to BRRI dhan88. These findings suggest that selecting salt-tolerant rice cultivars and implementing appropriate fertilizer management practices can enhance economic profitability, ensure food security, and mitigate the adverse effects of climate change in coastal saline soils.

Feasibility of farming and farmer’s perceptions of introduced technology of rice cultivation on tidal swampland

Tidal swampland has great potential for increasing rice production through the application of introduced technology of rice cultivation. In 2021, research has been conducted at Terusan Karya village, Bataguh district, Kapuas regency, Central Kalimantan to obtain information on the feasibility of farming and farmer’s perceptions as well as extension workers on the introduced technology of rice cultivation on tidal swampland. The survey was conducted on 10 farmers who were purposively selected, while 11 extension workers and 10 farmers who were not implementing introduced technology were randomly selected as comparisons. The introduced technology includes water management, land preparation, amelioration and fertilization, adaptive varieties, and management of plant-disturbing organisms. Data were collected through interviews with farmers using a structured questionnaire. These data include inputs and outputs of rice farming and perceptions of farmers and extension workers on the introduced technology. The data were analyzed using the balance of costs and revenues. The results showed that the introduced technology increased rice production by 27.79% compared to farmer technology. The introduced technology is profitable and feasible to be developed on a large scale with Marginal Benefit Cost Ratio (MBCR) value >2. The perception of farmers and extension workers is positive towards the introduced technology.

A Comparative Financial Analysis of Four Crops Based Cropping Patterns with Existing Cropping Patterns in Different Locations of Bangladesh

This study was undertaken to assess the comparative financial analysis of four crops based cropping pattern (FCP) with existing cropping pattern (ECP) in 35 upazilas of 25 districts under 7 divisions during the year of 2018-19 and 2019-20. Tabular technique and statistical analysis were done to achieve the objectives of the study. The Cobb-Douglas production function model was used for estimating the factors affecting FCP as well as ECP in the study areas. The major findings of the study were that cultivation of FCP was more profitable and feasible than ECP in terms of agronomic and economic point of view. The average total return per hectare for FCP was Tk. 529320.00 and Tk. 547896.00 and for ECP was an average Tk. 346788.00 and Tk. 348819.00 in 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively. The total variable cost per hectare for FCP was Tk. 237134.00 and Tk. 238584.00 and for ECP was an average Tk. 175968.00 and Tk. 178294.00 in 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively. Again the gross margin for FCP was Tk. 292186.00 and Tk. 309312.00 and for ECP was an average Tk. 170820.00 and Tk. 170525.00 in 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively. The Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) for FCP was 2.23 and 2.30 in 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively. On the other hand, the BCR for ECP was 1.97 and 1.96 in 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively. The average marginal benefit cost ratio (MBCR) in FCP over ECP was 2.98 and 3.30 in 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively. Irrespective of locations, rice equivalent yield (REY), crop productivity, land use efficiency and profitability were higher in FCP than in ECP. The study also showed that FCP faced some problems mainly related to production and marketing of the crops. It may be concluded that the farmers should be encouraged to grow four crops in a calendar year rather than existing two or three crops to enhance productivity and profitability.

Improvement of Mustard-Boro-T. Aman Rice Cropping Pattern Through Replacing Crop Varieties For Tangail Region

The experiment was conducted at the farmers field of FSRD site Atia, Delduar, Tangail during two consecutive years of 2018-19 and 2019-20 to develop improved cropping pattern Mustard (var. BARI Sarisha-14) - Boro (var. BRRI dhan29) - T.Aman rice (var. BRRI dhan72) and to compare its productivity and profitability against existing cropping pattern Mustard (var. Tori-7)- Boro (var. BRRI dhan29) - T.Aman rice (var. BR 11) through changing varieties of mustard and T.Aman rice with improved management practices. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with six dispersed replications. The improved management practice produced significantly higher yield in Mustard and T. Aman rice, respectively. The result showed that mean rice equivalent yield of improved cropping pattern was 16.80 t ha-1 which was 24 % higher than existing cropping pattern (13.50 t ha-1). Besides, production efficiency, land use efficiency, harvest index and profitability of improved cropping pattern was higher than farmers’ existing pattern. The mean gross return (Tk. 279720 ha-1) and gross margin (Tk. 104073 ha-1) were higher in improved cropping pattern compared to existing farmer’s pattern with only 7.82% extra cost. The marginal benefit cost ratio (4.05) also indicated the superiority of the improved cropping pattern over the farmers’ existing pattern. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 46(4): 397-406, December 2021

Management Approach Against Pod Borer, Eucrysops Cnejus F. Attacking Yard Long Bean

Several management approaches were evaluated against pod borer attacking yard long bean during April - July, 2019 at Entomology Research Field, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur. The management package namely sanitation + spraying bio-pesticide Antario (Package 1), sanitation + spraying bio-pesticide Spinosad 45 SC (Package 3) and sanitation + alternate spraying of Antario and Spinosad 45SC (Package 4) showed almost equal effectiveness in reducing flower and pod damage by pod borer and higher yield. But the management package sanitation + spraying bio-pesticide Antario (Package 1) appeared best as it provided the highest marginal benefit cost ratio (MBCR) (10.09), which was followed by sanitation + alternate spraying of Antario and Spinosad 45SC (6.97) (Package 4), and sanitation + spraying biopesticide Spinosad 45 SC (5.29) (Package 3). The effectiveness of sanitation +Bt kurstaki) (Package 2) was poor in respect of yield (12.06 tha-1) and MBCR (3.44).&#x0D; Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(3): 233-237, September 2020

Development of Potato-Boro-T. Aman Rice Cropping Pattern Against Fallow-Boro-T. Aman Rice Cropping Pattern at Mymensingh

The experiment was conducted at Multiplication Testing Site (MLT) Trishal of On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Mymensingh during 2017-18 and 2018-19 to evaluate the agro-economic performance of improved cropping pattern for increasing cropping intensity and system productivity as compared to farmers’ existing cropping pattern. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six dispersed replications. Two cropping patterns viz. improved pattern Potato (BARI Alu- 25)-Boro (BRRI dhan28)-T. Aman rice (BRRI dhan49) and farmers existing cropping pattern Fallow-Boro (BRRI dhan29)- T. Aman rice (BRRI dhan49) were treatments variables of the experiment. Two years mean data showed that Potato-Boro-T. Aman rice cropping pattern produced higher tuber/grain yield as well as higher rice equivalent yield (30.53 t ha-1yr-1), production efficiency (149 kg ha-1 day-1), land utilization index (74 %) and labour employment (367mandays ha-1 yr-1) than Fallow-Boro-T. Aman rice cropping pattern. This pattern also increased system productivity, production efficiency, land utilization index and labour employment by 158, 166, 26 and 51% higher over exiting pattern. The mean gross return (Tk. 481800 ha-1) and gross margin (Tk.235329 ha-1) of improved cropping pattern were 139 and 237% higher, respectively compared to existing pattern with 87% extra cost. The mean marginal benefit cost ratio (2.45) indicated superiority to improved cropping pattern over existing pattern. Experimental findings revealed that there is potential for greater adoption of intensified cropping systems with increased productivity and profitability as compared to rice–rice systems in Mymensingh.&#x0D; Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(3): 279-292, September 2020

Cropping patterns of shifting cultivation farming in Palasa Highlands, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

The research stages consist of identification on potential application of agricultural technology and study on cropping patterns, namely cropping pattern of shallot-shallot-shallot and shallot-peanut- shallot. The research was carried out from November to October 2017 in mountainous area that many farmers were engaged in nomadic farming. The study aims to identify problems and potential land use for the application of agricultural technology and study appropriate cropping patterns to increase income for shifting cultivation. The results showed that the condition of the land was less fertile, very steep slope with traditional existing farming technology, so the risk of crop failure was very high and the land quality decreased very quickly due to the erosion. The results of the analysis of farming feasibility and Marginal Benefit Cost Ratio (MBCR) in the introduction of cropping patterns is very feasible to be developed with B/C and MBCR values more than 1.

APPLICATION OF TURIMAN JALE AS AN INNOVATION TO IMPROVE CROP PRODUCTIVITY AND DRYLAND FARMERS’ INCOME IN GUNUNG KIDUL YOGYAKARTA

Maize and soybean have been widely cultivated in dryland. However, their productivity is relatively low. Turiman Jale cropping system was then established as an innovation to increase productivity by intercropping maize and soybean with proper arrangement of population and cultivars used. This study aimed to determine the best Turiman Jale cropping system model for increasing crop productivity, thereby improving the income of dryland farmers. The research was conducted during the second planting season 2019/2020 at the dryland of the Sadar Karya II Farmers Group, Sumberwojo, Sidorejo, Ponjong, Gunungkidul. It was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) consisting of 10 cropping systems, namely Jale 2:3 (cv. P36-Dega1)(40x20cm), Jale 2:3 (cv. P36-Dega1)(40x30cm), Jale 2:3 (cv. P36 -Dega1)(40x40cm), Jale 2:4 (cv. Bisi2-Dega1)(40x30cm), Jale 3:3 (cv. Bisi2-dega1)(40x30cm), Jale 2:6 (cv. NK212-Dega1)(40x30cm), maize monoculture (cv. Bisi2) (80x40x30cm), maize monoculture (cv. NK212) (80x40x30cm), maize monoculture (cv. Pioner36) (80x40x30cm), and soybean monoculture (cv. Dega1)(30x15cm). Observation was made on plant growth and yield variables. Land Equivalent Ratio (LER), Area Time Equivalent ratio (ATER), R/C ratio, B/C ratio, and Marginal Benefit Cost Ratio (MBCR) were also measured. The data were analyzed using ANOVA then further tested for orthogonal contrast and Tukey’s test with 5% significance level. The results showed that Jale 3:3 (Bisi2-Dega1)(40x30cm) resulted in the highest productivity, which was 5.890 ton ha-1 for maize and 2.209 ton ha-1 for soybean, with high LER of 1.79, high ATER of 1.90, R/C ratio of 2.33, B/C ratio of 2.39 and MBCR of 1.23, making it profitable and feasible.

ANALISIS TAMBAHAN MANFAAT PENERAPAN ALAT MESIN PERTANIAN PADA USAHATANI PADI (Oryza sativa L) DI LAHAN PASANG SURUT KECAMATAN KURAU KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN

There were two groups observed in the rice farming activities in tidal rice fields type B with the Ciherang variety in Kurau District, Tanah Laut Regency, namely the approach to the group using agricultural machinery (Alsintan) and the group not using Alsintan. This study aims to compare the level of efficiency and additional benefits obtained by farmers in rice farming due to the application of technological innovations in agricultural machinery, both technically and financially, covering production costs, productivity, revenues and profits. This research was carried out in the planting season of 2021. The results of the research were that the agricultural group using Alsintan was technically more efficient with a higher productivity level of 4,126.76 kg/ha than the group that did not use Alsintan with a productivity level of 3,641.03 kg/ha. Financially obtained by farmers using Alsintan, namely the decreasing costs in farming to produce dry milled grain from Rp. 7,845,372.62/ha to Rp. 7,489,115,10/ha which is also evidenced by the increased efficiency level of RCR 2.29 for the non-user group. Alsintan becomes RCR 2.75 for the Alsintan user group. This shows the development of innovation in applying technology in utilizing agricultural machinery owned by their farmer groups to be used properly because here it can save time and labor costs to be more effective and efficient at Rp. 774,909.9/ha. Meanwhile, the additional economic benefits obtained by farmers are proven by the increase in the value of the Marginal Benefit Cost Ratio (MBCR) of 3.75, which means that by decreasing the cost of rice farming to produce milled dry unhulled rice by Rp. 100, the profit will be 3.75 times

Effect of Foliar Application of Boron on the Yield And Quality of Potato

Foliar application of boron on the yield and storability of potato was evaluated at Breeder Seed Production Centre, Debiganj during two consecutive years 2013-14 and 2014-15. Six different concentration of boron such as: 0 ppm B (T1), 70 ppm B (T2), 140 ppm B (T3), 210 ppm B (T4), 280 ppm B (T5) and 350 ppm B (T6) were tested. The maximum yield 35.9 and 35.3 t ha-1 in 2013-14 and 2014-15, respectively was found when plants treated with 210 ppm B as foliar application (T4). The highest dry matter content of tuber was obtained from T4. T4 (210 ppm B) also showed the minimum rottage loss of tuber. The highest gross margin and marginal benefit cost ratio were recorded in the same treatment. Foliar application of 210 ppm B can be recommended for economically potato production in Tista Meander Floodplain Soil.&#x0D; Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(2): 125-135, June 2020

Management of Cucumber Mosaic Virus (Cmv) Infecting Cucumber in Bangladesh

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is the most important and widespread virus. It attacks cucumber (Cucumis sativus) causingsevere yield loss. A research project was undertaken with a view to developing appropriate management option against CMVof cucumber in Bangladesh.Six integrated disease management packages were tested under field condition. A non-treated control was included for comparison with the packages. The experiment was conducted in the research field of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur during rabi season of 2018. All the treatment packages appreciably reduced CMV incidence of cucumber over control. Disease incidence was reduced to 35.71 to 76.97% over control and yield was increased to 0.37 to 6.40 t/h due to all treatment combinations compared to control. Two treatment packages T2- Netting seedling, sticky yellow trap, polythene mulch and 4 sprays of Imidacloprid 0.1 % at 15 days interval and T1- T2+Bio-neem0.2 % instead of Imidacloprid were considered as the most effective management options on the basis of minimum disease incidence (9.67; 10.5), higher yield (13.04 t/ha; 12.96 t/ha) and Marginal benefit cost ratio (1:3.17&amp;1:2.93), respectively. Marginal cost benefit analysis indicated that the two management packages T1and T2may be economically viable and cost effective.These management packages may be recommended for management of CMV infecting cucumber.&#x0D; Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 45(1): 65-76, March 2020