Mapping Policy Research Articles

Corruption Policy Challenges in Combating Land Mafia: Experiences from Several Countries

This study describes the criminal law technique used to eradicate land mafia in Indonesia, the UK, and the UAE, including corruption law. This is a normative comparative legal study. The results show that the first eradication of land mafia practices in Indonesia, the UK, and the UAE followed the same pattern. In the UK and UAE, law enforcement can use bribery offenses if land mafia practices involve public or state officials with bribery signs and money laundering offenses if the funds are manipulated. Second, no specific criminal law in Indonesia is used to eradicate land mafia practices. However, the law of corruption can be used if the practice causes state financial losses, bribery offenses can be used if the practice involves bribing state officials or public officials, and the Indonesian Criminal Code can be used if the practice involves stealing. Third, Technology can be used to prevent and reduce land mafia in Indonesia by ensuring transparency and accountability of maps and land ownership. The government's "One Map Policy" aims to unify and integrate all land-related data and information into one integrated map. This policy clarifies property ownership and legal status to reduce land mafia possibilities and actions.

Global initiatives and challenges in integrating artificial intelligence literacy in elementary education: Mapping policies and empirical literature

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) has permeated most facets of life in the 21st century and has rapidly transformed various aspects of modern society. From entertainment to education, these advanced technologies have achieved a high level of competency in skills that once necessitated human involvement. Given AI's potential impact, ensuring students are literate in AI will support the careful integration of these advanced technologies to achieve sustainable development goals. This review hence examines the avenues for integrating AI literacy into elementary education by analyzing current global initiatives focused on implementing AI literacy education. The purpose is to support innovations within the educational framework to develop a universally accessible AI literacy education program. In line with this purpose, this study explores worldwide AI literacy initiatives that use hands‐on activities, collaborative learning, and project‐based learning to introduce AI fundamentals to diverse learners. Limitations on the provision of AI literacy education are also discussed, including professional development, openness to AI tools, and other challenges. This review aims to inform global efforts to support universal access to AI literacy education, which can ensure equitable outcomes for all learners, emphasizing the need for collaborative efforts to support the development and delivery of quality AI literacy education.

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ROAD MAP POLICY FOR BUREAUCRATIC REFORM AT THE INSTANTIONAL LEVEL (Study at the Regional Secretariat of Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province)

<p><span>Bureaucratic reform has become a very important concept in government administration. In Indonesia, bureaucratic reform has been ongoing for two decades and is systematically regulated through Presidential Regulation Number 81 of 2010 concerning the Grand Design of Bureaucratic Reform for 2010-2024 with the aim of achieving a World Class Bureaucracy by 2025. However, in its implementation, the bureaucratic reform policy is ongoing to date. This has not yet shown an impact on improving governance and achieving development targets, especially in regional governments (Hermawan et al, 2020). According to the Ministry of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reform of the Republic of Indonesia, the number of regional governments that have implemented bureaucratic reform programs is 200 out of 500. This is because bureaucratic reform regulations are too complicated, even though there has been a system approach that has been developed, the implementation of bureaucratic reform policies has not yet been implemented. running as expected (Dwiyanto, 2015). This research focuses on the implementation of the bureaucratic reform road map policy at the Regional Secretariat of Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The results of the research show that the implementation of the bureaucratic reform road map policy at the Regional Secretariat of Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province has not been effective and has not been completed in several areas of change analyzed, although several areas of change have shown relatively good progress, there are still several aspects that need to be implemented. has not been effective and reached the optimal level as expected.</span></p><p class="s37"><span class="s26">Keywords:</span></p><p class="s38"><span class="s26">Bureaucratic Reform, Policy Implementation, Road Map, Regional Government</span></p><p><span><br /></span></p>

Analysis of the volatility of the price of cassava in Cameroon: implications for food security

With a contribution of up to 71% to CEMAC production, Cameroon is one of the major producers of cassava and taro, accounting for more than 83% of root and tuber production. It is the 11th largest producer in the world and the 4th in Africa. Cassava is a vital food source for over 500 million people, ranking as the third-largest source of calories in the tropics after rice and maize. Its importance as a source of income for the majority of poor rural farmers in Cameroon cannot be overstated. However, there has been a persistent increase in the prices of cassava and other food commodities in Cameroon. This study was designed to investigate the determinants of cassava price volatility in Cameroon over the period 1994-2022. The TAR-MTAR method was employed in this study. Our results showed that cassava prices increased significantly by an average of 46% annually, with a volatility level of 30.8% annually and 177.8% over the entire period (1994-2022). This indicates that cassava prices have been rising rapidly and unpredictably, which can have various implications for consumers, farmers, and the economy as a whole. The research demonstrated that cassava price volatility occurred at the beginning, middle, and end of the year due to factors such as climate change, cassava yield, and interest rates. It has been suggested that the government should implement a mapping policy and selling models to ensure a stable supply of cassava.

Mapping policy pathways: Urban referencing networks in public art policies

This article examines the dynamics of inter-referencing between cities and develops the concept of the ‘Urban Referencing Network’ as a representation of the references made by cities to one another in policy documents. The study employs public art policies, specifically the Percent for Art policy, to investigate the structure of inter-referencing within the urban referencing network. Using a corpus of policy documents from 26 Anglophone cities with over one million residents, we analyse 150 documents containing 2178 inter-references. Combining network measurements and regressions, we explore the emergence of central nodes and the mechanisms influencing their formation. The broader field of arts and cultural policies, with its extensive inter-urban connections and professional networks, provides fertile ground for studying urban referencing networks. By integrating literature on policy mobility and urban networks, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the circulation of urban ideas and the interplay between cities in policy-making processes. The results demonstrate that only a few cities, including New York, Chicago, London, Seattle, Los Angeles, and Montreal, emerge as central nodes, attracting the other cities’ attention. Attributes of the referenced cities, like economic importance, iconicity and early adoption, determine to a great extent who are the most central nodes.

One Map Policy: Digital Administration Methods as an Effort to Solve Land Overlaps in Indonesia

Only now has Indonesia's land use problem been partially found to be a bright spot. Moreover, the government created the map that gave rise to this issue. Therefore, holding the One Map Policy in government policies is necessary to realize good land governance. This research aims to determine how effective the One Map Policy is in solving land problems and realizing good spatial governance to provide welfare to the people. This research is written using normative juridical methods, using literature studies that examine a problem from a legal point of view and look for data in reading materials. So, the One Map Policy is one of the alternatives and essential policies to resolve overlapping land uses in the community. The government has made a One Map Policy to give each institution or ministry a synchronization information map theme. So that there is overlap in land use, there is No cause of conflict between interests and loss to society. Making the One Map Policy is vital because of the benefits of designing a room with Scale, quickly resolving conflict, overlapping overlap, using land, and speeding up regional development programs and infrastructure implementation.

Efficient task scheduling on the cloud using artificial neural network and particle swarm optimization

SummaryA difficult problem in the service‐oriented computing paradigm is improving task scheduler policy or resource provisioning.In order to increase the performance of cloud applications, this article primarily focuses on tasks for resource mapping policy optimization. With the aim of reducing makespan and execution overhead and increasing the average resource utilization, we suggested an efficient independent task scheduler employing supervised neural networks in this paper. The suggested ANN‐based scheduler uses the status of the cloud environment and incoming tasks as inputs to determine the optimal computing resource for a given assignment as a result that assembles our goal. We proposed a novel algorithm in this paper that uses a hybrid methodology based on a swarm intelligence algorithm (PSO) in combination with a machine learning technique (ANN). PSO is used to prepare the train and test dataset for the neural network. Results clearly state that suggested work achieves significant improvement to considered algorithms in makespan (45%–55%), average VM utilization (15%–20%), and execution overhead(20%–30%).

COMPAD: A heterogeneous cache-scratchpad CPU architecture with data layout compaction for embedded loop-dominated applications

The growing trend of pervasive computing has consolidated the everlasting need for power efficient devices. The conventional cache subsystem of general-purpose CPUs, while being able to adapt to many use cases, suffers from energy inefficiencies in some scenarios. It is well-known by now in the academic literature that the utilization of a scratchpad memory (SPM) can help reducing the overall energy consumption of embedded systems. This work proposes a hybrid cache-SPM architecture with support logic for semi-transparent data management and spatial locality improvement. Selected data are transferred and stored in the SPM in a compact form using dynamic layout transformation. As a second major contribution, we introduce a methodology to identify memory access sequences that make an inefficient use of the cache, marking them as candidates to be moved to an SPM of constrained space. The methodology does not require access to the source code of the target applications, relying on binary instrumentation and offline profiling. The resulting mapping policies have been tested on a simulated system, showing a mean memory dynamic energy reduction of 43% and a mean speed gain of 13% with a representative benchmark set.

Kepastian Hukum Dalam Rangka Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil Melalui One Map Policy

Abstract. For legal guarantees and legal certainty, the principles of justice, feasibility and propriety must be put forward and technically contributed to the accuracy of mapping to resolve the complexity of problems related to natural resources, in this case coastal areas and small islands and considering the chaotic regional problems, the president and the government to overcome this created a One Map Policy with a Map Accuracy Level of 1:50,000 Scale. This article tries to analyze how this one map policy is an instrument in ensuring legal certainty in the management of coastal areas and small islands. This type of research is normative juridical research. This legal research is carried out by examining library materials or secondary data alone. Secondary materials to be researched include statutory regulations and various judge's decisions that are relevant to this research. Normative legal research in this research will also include: Research on legal principles; research on legal synchronization; as well as legal history research. This research uses a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. In this article, it was found that there are still several problems in this case related to spatial planning which are still overlapping and sectoral in nature and policies related to detailed maps.

The Evolution of the Australian Start-up and Innovation Ecosystem: Mapping Policy Developments, Key Actors, Activities, and Artefacts

This study maps the evolution of the Australian start-up and innovation ecosystem by exploring policy developments and mapping the key actors, activities, and artefacts. This study unpacks policy developments over the past two decades to show the government’s role in shaping the innovation ecosystem and the implications for start-ups. We outline the ecosystem’s key actors, including start-ups, scale-ups, support organisations, investors, research institutions, and their growth over time. We examine the artefacts of the ecosystem to understand start-up and innovation performance in a global context. We also explore the activities of the ecosystem in terms of collaboration, research, and development. The study concludes with a discussion of policy gaps.

Integrating One Map Policy into One Data Policy in Pontianak City Government

When implementing the one map policy by establishing a Regional Geospatial Information Network (JIGD), Pontianak City Government might face an inefficiency issue. JIGD possibly resembled the existing data management system, namely the One Data Indonesia system (SDI) that is well established since 2019. This study analyzed the possibility of whether to build JIGD as a standalone structure or to integrate it into SDI to address inefficiency issue. This study used a qualitative approach. A literature review was done in line with exploring general type of data and spatial data from or should be in the data management system to understand the nature of the data and the surrounding environment. Those then were analyzed based on the data characteristics, the organizational structure, supporting technology, human resources, and applicable regulations regarding it. The results suggested that integration is more feasible but should modify the organizational structure of the existing SDI system.

Mapping policy agenda in international development: Reflections on OECD Development Centre Working Papers from 1990 to 2017

AbstractThis study examines the pattern of central policy agendas discussed in international development over the last three decades. It highlights the predominant countries and issues by examining the theme‐based periodicals of a leading international development agency. It analyses the visibility of countries and identifies main topics by examining the OECD Development Centre Working Papers. Findings indicate that certain topics (e.g., market, economy, finance, trade) have been consistently covered, while some policy issues have been highlighted in specific periods. This study also finds that the OECD's people‐ and planet‐centred approach has been reflected in its key reports and documents.

Mapping Policy Actors Using Social Network Analysis on Integrated Urban Farming Program in Bandung City

This study aimed to produce a network structure in Integrated Urban Farming Program in Bandung City to map the involved policy actors to realize a food-smart city. In this study, a mixed method was used with an exploratory sequential strategy involving policy actors from the government, private sector, academia, community, and mass media. To obtain a network structure in Integrated Urban Farming toward determining the most important actors, the Social Network Analysis (SNA) approach was also employed through the Gephi application. From this context, the structure emphasized four dimensions, namely Degree, Betweenness, Closeness, and Eigenvector Centralities. The results showed that the actor with the most connections (degree of centrality) and best communication control (betweenness centrality) is Parahyangan Catholic University (academic). At the same time, the actor that plays the most important role (eigenvector) is at the lower level of the government’s Sub-District and Urban Village. This study is useful for explaining the importance of the position of actors in the urban farming policy network, which is the key to the success of a program.

Comparison of Geospatial Data Management between Indonesia’s One Data and One Map Policy

Geospatial data is one of the important supports in spatial-based national development. However, there is a problem with the large amount of data overlap. One of the reasons for this data overlap is the difference in the references used. Therefore, a policy is needed regarding the implementation of geospatial data. The Indonesian government has enacted Peraturan Presiden (presidential regulations) of Indonesia’s One Data and One Map Policy. Those policies aim to produce sufficient data. Indonesia's One Data Policy regulates the management of statistical, geospatial, and state financial data at the national level. But, the One Map Policy only regulates the management of geospatial data. As two different policies with the same level, have similar names, and have intersect in the management of geospatial data, there is a potential for misunderstanding in implementing both policies. This article aims to identify the similarities and differences between the two policies. The method is a literature study from various sources. This article used analysis comparison. The findings identified similarities and differences with almost the same amount. Based on the similarities and differences, recommendations are made. The author proposes a synergy of geospatial data management mechanisms or considers deregulate one of the policies after the policy target is completed with further study.

Operationalising branching points for transition: Mapping policy and pathways for heat decarbonisation in the United Kingdom

This paper develops the use of the branching point concept as a tool to support key decisions for reorienting systems for sustainability and applies this to the case of alternative pathways for heat decarbonisation in the UK. In this approach, a pathway is seen as arising from accumulation of many specific decisions which create momentum in a particular direction and so reinforce the irreversibility of the pathway. Branching points are key decision-points connected to pathways of system development, they “determine whether and in what ways the pathway is followed” [1]. However branching points are not pre-defined forks in the road, and in uncertain and complex settings, recognising and shaping potential branching points may be part of supporting and enabling transitions to sustainability.This paper demonstrates the potential to develop branching point analysis into a tool to support and help structure policy decisions for transition. A three-step process to analyse connections between transition pathways is proposed and applied to a case study of UK heat decarbonisation: a transition-in-progress. Step 1: identifying relevant socio-technical pathways and their system and development characteristics; Step 2 mapping potential connection points between pathways; Step 3 unpacking these as spaces of co-ordination and competition between the pathways. This analysis highlights and responds to a gap between a policy approach framed by a sector-wide target and the development of distinct socio-technical responses. This research develops a strategic policy approach, for supporting developments for decarbonisation focused on potential connection points between pathways of development.

Combination of Dynamical Movement Primitives With Trajectory Segmentation and Node Mapping for Robot Machining Motion Learning

Movement primitive (MP) is proposed to model the robot skills with the idea of reusing basic behavior units. By learning the demonstrations, the MP can be modeled and utilized to generate similar motions to adapt to slightly changed scenarios. However, many kinds of MP models do not consider the geometric shape constraints and the trajectory execution accuracy, which will bring the shape distortion and contour error when task generalization. Traditional MP models are mainly studied for imitating human-like operating skills and have not been applied in industrial scenarios such as robot machining. In this article, a framework based on the combination of dynamical movement primitives (CDMP) with trajectory segmentation and node mapping methods is proposed to realize the imitation of robot machining motion. The demonstration machining trajectory is segmented first according to the kinematic features, and the shape features are extracted and stored by the node mapping policy. Then, the CDMP model is built for describing a complicated machining motion with many component DMPs. The parameters preferences associated with the model performance of CDMP are analyzed in the simulation. At last, a robot grinding experiment is conducted to show that the proposed framework can successfully imitate the machining motion with low geometric distortion, contour error, and computation cost, which also obtain a good surface quality and can significantly improve the intelligence level of robot machining.

Challenges of Greenpeace Indonesia's Supports on One Map Policy Indonesia

As a branch of international non-governmental organization (NGO), Greenpeace Indonesia has been supporting the policy of One Map Policy (OMP) Indonesia since 2017. This policy is essential to manage the forestry and land in Indonesia as deforestation is rising. Despite comprehensive support to OMP, Greenpeace Indonesia did not successfully push the Indonesian government to take severe attempts for the OMP legalization. This paper examines the challenges that Greenpeace Indonesia faces in this support. We elaborate on this problem by explaining it through the theory of International NGO Challenges in policy engagement. This theoretical framework is usually used to describe any possible opportunities and challenges for non-state actors to influence government policies. Our research is based on the literature review with the qualitative method. We argue that Greenpeace Indonesia has several challenges that hinder its support of OMP Legalization. Those are both internal coordination and external condition, especially regarding the advocacy system in Indonesia.

Constellation Design for Multiuser Non-Coherent Massive SIMO Based on DMPSK Modulation

Non-coherent (NC) schemes combined with massive antenna arrays are proposed to replace traditional coherent schemes in scenarios which require an excessive number of reference signals, since NC approaches avoid channel estimation and equalization. Differential <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -ary phase shift keying is one of the most appealing NC schemes due to its implementation simplicity in realistic scenarios. However, the analytical constellation design for multiuser scenarios is intractable, as discussed in this paper. We propose to solve this problem by using optimization techniques relying on evolutionary computation. We design two approaches, namely Gaussian-approximated optimization and Monte-Carlo based optimization. They can provide both individual constellations for each user equipment and a bit mapping policy to minimize the bit error rate. We perform a complexity analysis and propose strategies for its reduction. We propose a set of constellations for different number of users and constellation sizes, and evaluate the link-level performance of some illustrative examples to verify that our solutions outperforms the existing ones. Finally, we show via simulations that NC outperforms the coherent schemes in high mobility and/or low signal-to-noise ratio scenarios.

What is spatial planning saying? A conceptual and methodological framework to assess the institutionalization of nature using critical discourse analysis

ABSTRACT Spatial planning policies are fundamental blocks for the implementation of sustainable development goals. Still, despite the growing adoption of environmental proxies, as it is nature-based solutions, the study of their institutionalization in policy and spatial planning is in the early stages. Simultaneously, the use of discursive and interpretative methods to unfold the social structures related to environmental issues is growing, nonetheless, their application is more common to supranational narratives. This article proposes a conceptual and methodological approach to using critical discourse analysis for studying the institutionalization and conceptualization of nature-related issues in policy and spatial planning at national and local levels. This is done by discussing the ontological relations between the discursive institutionalist theory and critical discourse analysis as a methodology. It contains four main stages: clarifying the analytical focus; mapping policy and planning documents; analyzing macro discourse, which includes critical textual analysis, text-type analysis, and intertextuality analysis, and, at last, the fourth phase, interpretation within the institutional context. It provides a tool for researchers less familiar with linguistics but interested in performing discourse analysis to understand the integration of environmental narratives within policy and spatial planning.

Basic GIS training for upgrading local government spatial planning

The existence of the Indonesian government's One Map Policy (OMP) demands synergy to the regions. Sumatra is one of the areas that captures this opportunity. One of the follow-up actions to this policy is regional readiness in preparing qualified human resources in the geospatial field. Sriwijaya University as one of the universities in Indonesia that focuses on developing human resources in South Sumatra, facilitates local governments in developing employee capacity. This program was carried out for 5 days to learn about the basic level Geographic Information System (GIS) for Bappeda Lahat employees. This program is carried out in 3 stages, namely identification of partner problems, training, and evaluation. This training program has a positive impact on employees in Bappeda Lahat, namely being able to make location points for regional planning with SmartGPS, making spatial shapefile data and making thematic spatial maps according to the main tasks of the job fields of employees in Bappeda Lahat.