Translation Of Manuscript Research Articles

Introduction: Naxi studies, Naxiology and making the global case for a discipline

This introductory article to the volume deals with the historical development of an international Naxi Studies, and offers a review of the current situation of the discipline. Naxiology (the composition, provenance, and translation of Naxi manuscripts) is presented as a sub-discipline of Naxi Studies, and some recent landmark publications are introduced, alongside a discussion of the long-standing issue of Romanising the Naxi language. The interdisciplinary focus of this volume, dongba culture, is defended as a major component of Naxi studies around which all the individual contributions revolve.

Ancient Translations and Reviews of the Holy Scriptures in The Greek Language. Contribution to the History of Biblical Translations

The article offers a scholarly overview of the historical translations and reviews of the Bible from Greek sources. It lists the historical ancient manuscript translations that have become widely accepted canonical models, known as the “Biblical canon” in the translations of the Holy Scriptures. The tradition of these translations is with extremely wide boundaries in chronological and linguistic terms is of interest for understanding the origin and semantics of the modern Synodal translation of the Bible.

Literary review on strides of Ayurveda manuscript research and contemporary advances in manuscript studies in Ayurveda colleges of Kerala

Manuscriptology, a branch of literary research is designated as a primordial one as it is concerned with the preservation of the past for the future. This involves a systematic study of collection, classification, preservation, transcription, translation, lower and higher criticism of manuscripts. Manuscripts are the documented version of orally transmitted treasures of various types of knowledge including Ayurveda. Until and unless Ayurveda scholars embark in the field of manuscriptology, especially in critical editions and publication of Ayurveda manuscripts, the enrichment of our science both in knowledge and pragmatic domain will remain an incomplete one. The online data revealed that only 2% of Ayurveda manuscripts are in the published sector. So it is the need of the hour to conduct manuscriptology works on Ayurveda manuscripts exemplifying India’s cultural and knowledge heritage. This article will review the strides of manuscriptology along with a glimpse into the study of manuscripts done by Ayurveda colleges in Kerala. Eventually, all these works reveal the fact that further research on Ayurveda manuscripts is inevitable in contemporary knowledge-gathering settings.

«О ТЮРКСКИХ И МОНГОЛЬСКИХ ПЛЕМЕНАХ В СРЕДНЕВЕКОВОМ МАНУСКРИПТЕ «ТАВАРИХИ ГУЗИДАЙИ НУСРАТ-НАМЕ»

The article provides a translation of part of the London manuscript «Tavarikh-i guzida - nusrat-name» No. 3222, which is kept in the British Museum (Great Britain) and has long been not unavailable to our oriental historians for translation. The goals and objectives of the research are the translation of the medieval manuscript, and the introduction of the new data on the origin of the Turkic and Mongolian tribes of the Golden Horde that joined the army of Genghis Khan or fought him into scholarly discourse. Initial methods of research include, first of all, the translation of the manuscript from the ancient Turkic into Russian, followed by a multifaceted comparative analysis and its correlation with historical data. The results of the research are unique data on the indigenous Mongolian tribes of Nirun Mongols and the Darlekins, a group of Turkic tribes that allied themselves with the Mongols. Both groups are part of the Khamag-Mongol conglomerate, which founded the All-Mongolian state and subsequently became the core of the Mongolian nation. Besides, after the collapse of the Golden Horde, some of the tribes of the Turkic Darlekin Mongols became part of the Kazakh Khanate and assimilated with the Kazakhs. Conclusions. In the course of studying the composition of the Turkic and Mongolian tribes, it becomes possible to obtain new data on the history of building of the Mongolian and Kazakh ethnic groups on the basis of historical sources as well as through the lens of historical events.

The Function of Old Manuscript Reading and Its Preservation in the Sasak Community of West Sakra District

This research aims to determine the functions and methods of preserving old manuscripts in the Sasak community in the west Sakra district. This research is motivated by the existence of manuscripts that have a function in the culture of the Sasak community in the West Sakra sub-district and proves whether the use of certain manuscripts is limited to community suggestions or whether there are other purposes. Data collection was carried out by observation and interviews with an emic approach and analyzed using functional theory. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the Jatiswara script serves as a ‘circumcision’ diving ritual for boys because diving is an Islamic process as described in the Jatiswara text, namely the mulene game slam ‘a person’s Islam is not perfect if it has not been circumcised. The Indarjaya script serves as a remedy for people who are ‘unable to speak’. It is depicted in the story of the daughter who could not speak, namely the princess nengke kayun ngandike ‘the princess wants to talk’. While the Selandir script serves as a ritual remedy for kepaq people ‘cannot walk’. It was described in Selandir’s text that reads still lemper bise lumaris ‘still unable to walk. Meanwhile, the manuscript preservation process is carried out in two ways, namely internal and external. Internally, preservation is carried out by direct inheritance and copying of manuscripts. Meanwhile, external preservation is carried out by establishing customary institutions, puppetry, digitization, translation, and transformation of manuscripts.

UPAYA PELESTARIAN BAHASA DAN BUDAYA MINAHASA MELALUI DIGITALISASI DAN PENERJEMAHAN NASKAH

This research discusses the preservation of Minahasa language and culture through the actualization of manuscript translation and its digitization stages. This research specifically looks at seven Minahasa languages, namely Bantik, Ratahan, Tondano, Tonsea, Tontemboan, Tonsawang, and Tombulu. Seven languages are rarely used by local communities and are threatened with extinction. This will cause Minahasa culture to erode because language is one of the means to maintain the culture of a region let alone a nation. This research aims to look at the preservation efforts that have been made by various parties in the period of four decades. After conducting qualitative research in the form of a literature study, the author found that starting from the local government, academics, educational institutions, cultural activists and the Ministry of Education and Culture have made certain efforts such as translation actualized by making dictionaries or translations of other regional language books and digitizing manuscripts. This is very helpful for the preservation of Minahasa language and culture. However, more socialization is needed for young people to be able to love, care for, and be proud to use Minahasa Regional Language in daily conversations in order to preserve Minahasa culture.

Chinese monks, dragons, and reincarnation: the hand of Juan Cobo in the cultural translation of Mingxin baojian 明心寶鑑 (Precious Mirror for Enlightening the Mind), circa 1590

AbstractThis article examines the relationship between the manuscript translation of Mingxin baojian 明心寶鑑 (Precious Mirror for Enlightening the Mind) (circa 1590) by Juan Cobo (circa 1546–1592) and the Fujian book market in China. It explores the cultural implications of Cobo's translation by focusing on the commentary he provided in the marginalia of the manuscript. By investigating Cobo's translation and marginalia notes on three Chinese concepts—Chinese monks, dragons, and reincarnation—this article highlights the complex cultural issues present when the early Spanish missionaries in the Philippines negotiated with Chinese culture in their writings and publications.

Selected Hiligayon Novels: Translation and Evaluation

This descriptive-evaluative study aimed to translate and evaluate selected Hiligaynon novels. In the translation, the following steps were followed: reading and understanding the work to fully capture the general thought, essence, and message; translation and development of the first manuscript; validation and improvement of the first manuscript based on the suggestions of experts/consultants; revising, refining, and developing the final form and evaluating the appropriateness of the translated Hiligaynon novels. Three teachers of Hiligaynon literature and language evaluated the appropriateness of the translation. The result of the evaluation showed that the translated novels were appropriate as a whole, and also appropriate according to various criteria. It was concluded that the translators possess the characteristics and knowledge of the translated works, and also have proficiency in the two languages ​​involved in the translation. It is suggested to further polish the translation of selected Hiligaynon novels. Moreover, it is proposed to include the translated novels as teaching and reference materials for teachers, students, and researchers in schools and libraries and to carry out further translation of other Hiligaynon novels towards the development of local Ilonggo literature.

A ‘Polyphonic Score’: Basil Bunting’s Persian Condensations

Abstract In 1932, Basil Bunting was lodging with the Pounds in Genoa when he first encountered a French manuscript translation of Abul-Qasem Firdausi’s classical Persian epic the Shahnameh (1010). Upon realizing that the manuscript was incomplete, Bunting decided there was ‘nothing to do but learn Persian and read Firdausi, so I undertook that’. By 1942 his knowledge of Persian was good enough for the Ministry of Information to send him to Iran with the Royal Airforce, at which point he toured the Middle East, Central Asia, and parts of Africa. Through these travels, and in particular his time in Iran, he discovered renewed possibilities for his personal and poetic life. His engagement with classical Persian literature over the 1940s was extensive and allowed him to eventually compose masterful translations of canonical classical Persian poets. I argue that his later translations, especially those written from 1947, demonstrate how translating Persian poetry refined Bunting’s Poundian poetics of condensation. I show that this synthesis produced formally and generically pluralistic poems that straddle multiple cultures, such as Odes 35 (1947) and 36 (1948). Through an analysis of The Spoils (1951), I explore the way in which Bunting’s own poetry was inflected by the Arabo-Persian ‘bait’ such that its literary traditions were made resonant with Anglophone ones. I then conclude by illustrating how the translations, the later odes, and The Spoils enabled him to write his irreducibly multiple magnum opus Briggflatts (1965).

John Evelyn’s Translation of the Dies irae

In a letter to Evelyn of 1656, Jeremy Taylor asked him if he would attempt a translation of the medieval hymn the Dies irae. Along with many of Evelyn's other unprinted poems and translations the outcome was lost to view until a very recent date, and is here printed, as far as is known, for the first time. The work is placed in the context of the hymn's wider translation history, and texts of two further seventeenth-century manuscript translations are provided for comparison.

An Index of Chemical Substances and Plants in the Military Book of 1607

The article presents an annotated publication of a fragment from the Military Book of 1607, the earliest Russian translation of a European military treatise. This translation was based on the second volume of the German compendium Kriegsbuch, published in 1573 by Leonhard von Fronsperger. At the end of their work, the translators Mikhail Yuriev and Ivan Fomin, employed at the Ambassadorial Chancery, placed an index of the mentioned mineral and organic substances and compounds as well as plants used to produce gunpowder and other fuels. The introduction to the publication deals with how and why the index was compiled, what entries belong to it, and what are its linguistic features. The article describes a previously unknown manuscript of the Military Book. Some suggestions are made concerning the strategies used by the translators while working with the German and Russian text and also concerning supplementary materials they used, primarily, Russian manuscript translations of European medical treatises and advice given by foreign medical staff. In the appendix, the index is edited in full with alternative readings according to the two surviving manuscripts. The commentary identifies the mentioned substances and plants with their names in the German original of the Military Book, its later version completed by Anisim Mikhailov-Radishevsky in 1620 and other Russian writings of the 16th and 17th centuries.

Paolo Odorico, ed. Études byzantines et post-byzantines, Nouvelle série, Tome II (IX), La culture écrite des périphéries byzantines du Moyen-Âge à l’époque moderne

Paolo Odorico, ed. <i>Études byzantines et post-byzantines, Nouvelle série, Tome II (IX), La culture écrite des périphéries byzantines du Moyen-Âge à l’époque moderne</i>

MANUSCRIPTS AND ITS ROLE IN WRITING HISTORY

Manuscripts are among the primary primary sources that enable the researcher to study history as a way to preserve what the Arab mind has produced. The study and investigation of the manuscript discovers the researcher's contributions to civilization, which began at an early age during the Arab rule. The realization and publication of the manuscript makes it easier to translate it, know its contents, and benefit from it, as the Arab government witnessed a wide activity after the emergence of the printer, and the translation of many manuscripts. The investigation process combines two contradictions; The ease of work and its difficulty inherent in the obstacles that the researcher finds, which is summarized in the spatial dimension between the investigator and the location of the manuscript, and in the difficulty of finding and verifying other copies of manuscripts, as well as the difficulty of achieving texts in the manuscripts themselves. As for ease; It is the scientific pleasure that the investigator finds as a result of the investigation and this is due to the embrace of a group of sources in various other sciences, and the enrichment of the valuable scientific information that contains the manuscript. As for what this paper contains, what are the manuscripts and their importance, and it contains the definition of manuscripts, the parts of the manuscript, their types, and their cultural and intellectual importance. As well as the way to benefit from them, the conditions of investigation, the stages of investigation, the difficulties of investigation, the ways to treat them and the way to benefit from the manuscripts. The manuscripts also reveal the paths of scientific and intellectual exchange between nations and the images of influence and influence on the books produced by human minds. The importance of the investigation lies in preserving the nation’s heritage, highlighting the historical cultural heritage produced by historians over the years and investing it by modern technological means to spread knowledge and benefit.

Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): Explanation and Elaboration

Much medical research is observational. The reporting of observational studies is often of insufficient quality. Poor reporting hampers the assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of a study and the generalisability of its results. Taking into account empirical evidence and theoretical considerations, a group of methodologists, researchers, and editors developed the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) recommendations to improve the quality of reporting of observational studies. The STROBE Statement consists of a checklist of 22 items, which relate to the title, abstract, introduction, methods, results and discussion sections of articles. Eighteen items are common to cohort studies, case-control studies and cross-sectional studies and four are specific to each of the three study designs. The STROBE Statement provides guidance to authors about how to improve the reporting of observational studies and facilitates critical appraisal and interpretation of studies by reviewers, journal editors and readers. This explanatory and elaboration document is intended to enhance the use, understanding, and dissemination of the STROBE Statement. The meaning and rationale for each checklist item are presented. For each item, one or several published examples and, where possible, references to relevant empirical studies and methodological literature are provided. Examples of useful flow diagrams are also included. The STROBE Statement, this document, and the associated Web site (http://www. strobe-statement.org/) should be helpful resources to improve reporting of observational research. Present article is Russian-language translation of the original manuscript edited by Doctor of Medicine R.T. Saygitov.Present translation was first published in Digital Diagnostics. doi: 10.17816/DD70821. It is published with minor changes related to the literary editing of the translation itself.

STARD 2015 guidelines for reporting diagnostic accuracy studies: explanation and elaboration

Diagnostic accuracy studies are, like other clinical studies, at risk of bias due to shortcomings in design and conduct, and the results of a diagnostic accuracy study may not apply to other patient groups and settings. Readers of study reports need to be informed about study design and conduct, in sufficient detail to judge the trustworthiness and applicability of the study findings. The STARD statement (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) was developed to improve the completeness and transparency of reports of diagnostic accuracy studies. STARD contains a list of essential items that can be used as a checklist, by authors, reviewers and other readers, to ensure that a report of a diagnostic accuracy study contains the necessary information. STARD was recently updated. All updated STARD materials, including the checklist, are available at http://www.equator-network.org/reporting-guidelines/stard. Here, we present the STARD 2015 explanation and elaboration document. Through commented examples of appropriate reporting, we clarify the rationale for each of the 30 items on the STARD 2015 checklist, and describe what is expected from authors in developing sufficiently informative study reports. Present article is Russian-language translation of the original manuscript edited by Doctor of Medicine R.T. Saygitov.Present translation was first published in Digital Diagnostics. doi: 10.17816/DD71031. It is published with minor changes related to the literary editing of the translation itself.

Textological-Philological Study on Arabic Language Sciences in Minangkabau Manuscripts

This paper investigated the types of Arabic linguistics (or Ulûm al-Lughah al-Arabiya) contained in Minangkabau manuscripts and analyzed them according to the context in which the manuscript was found. In addition, this paper also presented text transliteration as a form of Philology work. Furthermore, the research method used was the philology research method by conducting an inventory of manuscripts, description, transliteration, and translation of manuscripts, and finally, analyzing the content of the manuscript and relating it to the social context of the community. This study found one manuscript related to the science of Arabic, namely ‘Ilm al-Nahw which was found in Minangkabau, precisely in the Lunang village, Pesisir Selatan. The manuscript was coded (08/LNG.II/nhw/2019), while the form of text editing was in the form of transliteration and translation. The reason why the manuscript of ‘Ilm al-Nahw was in Lunang Pesisir Selatan and was a collection of the Mande Rubiah museum, was because it was closely related to the main purpose of learning 'Ilm al-Nahw itself in the past in Nusantara, especially in Minangkabau. That was as a tool for teaching and learning, such as to help learning the religious sciences, such as the science of Fiqh, Tawhid, Tafsir, Hadith, and so on, which are indeed mostly written in Arabic. Therefore, to understand them properly requires the science of tools, namely 'ilm al-Nahw

МӘМЛҮК КЕЗЕҢІНДЕГІ ОРТАҒАСЫРЛЫҚ «АТ-ТУХФА» ҚОЛЖАЗБАСЫНЫҢЗЕРТТЕЛУ ТАРИХНАМАСЫ

The author used the only original of the survivingmanuscript "at-Tuhfa az-zakiyya fil lugatit turkiya". The main purpose of the article is to present the historiography of the study of the manuscript "At-Tuhfa", to analyze and summarize the issues raised in the studies. The article describes the history of the study of the manuscript "At-Tuhfa", written in the Middle Ages in Egypt and Syria during the reign of the Mamluks around the 15th-16th centuries. The translations of the manuscript of At-Tuhfa into French, Turkish, Uzbek and Russian are analyzed andthe features of each translation are given. Describing the features of the monument, the author dwells on the works of scientists who studied the manuscript. The list of domestic and foreign scientists is given. Particular attention is paid to the issues raised by each scientist, and examples are given. The study draws attention to the fact that the manuscript "at-Tuhfa" is of great interest in the CIS countries, including Kazakhstan. In Turkey, students of Besim Atalay reviewed the manuscript to complete the work begun by their teacher. It has also been re-analyzed to provide a new perspective on research. In the West, the At-Tuhfa manuscript is considered in terms of its influence on their own languages, while domestic research is focused on the language group of the At-Tuhfa manuscript. Examples are given from many Turkic languages. Based on this, it is compared with the language of the manuscript. In the years after independence, questions were raised about the collection, translation and analysis of manuscripts from the Mamluk period. The same applies to the methods and techniques used in the article.

Ukrainian translation of medical manuscript of 17th century in Institute of Manuscript of V. I. Vernadskyi National Library of Ukraine: historical and codicological research

Ukrainian translation of medical manuscript of 17th century in Institute of Manuscript of V. I. Vernadskyi National Library of Ukraine: historical and codicological research

Safety interventions for the prevention of accidents at work: A systematic review.

Safety interventions for the prevention of accidents at work: A systematic review.

(Retracted) Application of remote sensing image ecological land classification method in crop planting area extraction under the background of data fusion

Data mining is a common basic function in humans and many other intellectual systems. The popularization of computers has created a good research environment for the advanced application of remote sensing satellites. With China’s economic and population growth, the demand for food is also increasing. Obtaining the planting area is one of the most important tasks in calculating harvest costs. However, traditional cost analysis methods lack information. The traditional remote sensing image classification method is based on the pixel classification method, which cannot effectively extract the spatial texture information in an image. The pixel-based classification method also has the problem of salt and pepper phenomenon in the classification results, which generates a large number of invalid broken patches and ultimately leads to low classification accuracy. Here, we investigated the application of remote state system mapping for the extraction of the planting area. We analyzed the basic principles of remote image processing and remote image sharing methods and introduced an audio system and optical algorithm. Here, two separation methods are selected, long-distance traction measurements are performed in three training areas, and the two results are compared and analyzed. Experimental results show that the method of objective orientation increases the working speed compared with the method of manuscript translation. The benefit of speed measurement becomes more apparent in both seasons as the measuring range increases. Computer automatic classification and the method of artificial visual interpretation are tested sequentially, and the total time taken is 49 and 13.5 days, respectively.