Manufacturing Companies In Nigeria Research Articles

Company Age, Company Size and Earnings Management in Listed Industrial Goods Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria: A Moderating Role of Political Connection of Board Members

The study analysed the effect of company age, company size and political connections of Board members on earning management of quoted industrial goods manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study include assessing the effect of company age, company size and evaluating the moderating effect of political connections of board members on earnings management of quoted industrial goods manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study used 130 firm-year data involving thirteen (13) quoted industrial goods manufacturing companies purposely selected over the period of 2012-2021. The data were sourced from the annual audited reports and accounts of the companies obtained from the Nigerian Exchange Group. The study used E-Views 8.0 statistical package and used panel regression techniques to analyse the data after carrying out diagnostic tests such as normality test, Panel Unit Root Test, Multicollinearity Test, Redundant Fixed Effects Tests, Hausman test, Heteroskedasticity Test, Serial Correlation Test to select the most appropriate model and fixed effect model was used for the model. The findings revealed that company age and company size do not influence earnings management. Also, the study revealed that political connection of board members insignificantly moderated the effect of company age and company size on earnings management. The study recommended that increased attention be given to internal control mechanisms to help curtail aggressive corporate earnings manipulation, reduce the effect of political connection, and enhance the financial reporting quality, particularly in Nigeria. Keywords: Firm Characteristics, Political Connections, Accruals, Real Earnings Management. Journal Reference Format: Adesuyi, T. Y. & Owoseni, G. D. (2024): Company Age, Company Size and Earnings Management in Listed Industrial Goods Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria: A Moderating Role of Political Connection of Board Members. Humanities, Management, Arts, Education & the Social Sciences Journal. Vol. 12. No. 1, Pp 49-72. www.isteams.net/humanitiesjournal. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/HUMANITIES/V12N1P4

Econometric Study: E-commerce Adoption on Inventory Management for Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

The study examined the effect of Business-to-Business E-commerce adoption on inventory management using manufacturing companies in Nigeria under the category of consumer goods as a case study. Inefficient inventory management leading to a rise in costs and a decrease in customer satisfaction level is one of the major challenges encountered by Nigerian manufacturing companies but this can be resolved through the implementation of e-commerce hence the study focussed on inventory management variables which are; inventory accuracy, stockout frequency, inventory turnover rate, demand forecasting accuracy, storage optimization, inventory holding costs, supplier reliability, inventory audit frequency, obsolete inventory and inventory replenishment. The explosion of e-commerce in the logistics sector has posed a challenge that must be effectively managed to susstain the volume of goods across long distances, the interface between e-commerce and in particular inventory management, for instance via stocks and warehousing has become so important to be overlooked. The study was carried out in Nigeria and the population of the study include staff of 20 manufacturing companies listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange as at 2023. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 718 respondents. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire and was analysed using both one sample t-test analysis and multivariant regression analysis. E-commerce has positive and significant effect on stockout frequency (P = .000), inventory turnover rate (P=0.000), demand forecasting accuracy (P=0.000), storage optimization (P=0.000) and inventory replenishment (P=0.000). The findings revealed significant improvements in inventory accuracy, reduced stockout frequency, increased inventory turnover rate, and improved demand forecasting accuracy. Evidently, these findings imply that the adoption of e-commerce is essential in optimizing inventory management processes and thus recommends that manufacturing companies should further utilize digital tools to enable better forecasting in inventory management and efficient stock handling.

A comprehensive framework for the sustainability indicators in the textile industry of developing countries

AbstractTextile production in developing countries is known to be associated with significant environmental, social, and economic challenges. Existing research has mostly focused on singular aspects of sustainability, while no consensus exists on the importance and applicability of sustainability indicators. To address these gaps, this study utilized an integrated approach involving the Delphi method and the fuzzy best‐worst method (BWM) to develop a comprehensive framework by identifying and formulating sustainability indicators tailored for the textile industry in developing countries and assess their importance and applicability. Through three consecutive rounds of Delphi, a total of 64 sustainability indicators were identified (16 economic, 24 environmental, and 24 social indicators). Next, fuzzy BWM was employed to determine the importance and applicability of these indicators. The results show that (a) environmental indicators overall have higher applicability scores, (b) the top three critical indicators were raw material usage, operational costs, and fuel consumption, and (c) nearly half of the indicators (29/64) were deemed highly applicable, with 34.5% (10/29) of these falling under environmental, 34.5% (10/29) under economic, and 31% (9/29) under social dimensions. Finally, the utility of the framework is demonstrated through an empirical case study in a textile manufacturing company in Nigeria.

Assets Management and Financial Performance of Listed Consumer Goods Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

The increasing shift in asset composition toward intangible components coinciding with a substantial decline in asset tangibility of companies across the globe has escalated extensive discourse among researchers in the developed economies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of assets management on financial performance of the Nigeria’s consumer goods manufacturing company. The specific objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of assets turnover ratio, assets tangibility ratio, intellectual assets ratio on return on assets of the selected consumer goods manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study adopted an ex-post facto design. Data were generated from the audited financial reports of the seven selected listed consumer goods manufacturing company from 2012-2022. Panel multiple regression technique was employed to analyze the data using Stata 14.2. The study found that assets turnover ratio and assets tangibility have significant positive and negative effect on return on assets with t-statistics and (p-values) 2.04 (0.045) and -3.20 (0.013) respectively whereas intellectual assets ratio exerted a non-significant positive effect on return on assets with t-statistics and (p-values) 1.29 (0.232). These results imply that the shiftability concern is negligible in the listed consumer goods manufacturing companies in Nigeria. However, the proportion of tangible assets seems to have over-stretched beyond the optimal level, thereby impacting negatively on their financial performance.

Financial Strategy and Corporate Performance Growth of Selected Food and Beverages Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

Aim/Objective: In the course of the study, the main objectives of the study was to determine the effect of financial strategy (strategy of investing in company assets, strategy of acquisition of capitals, strategy of redistribution of profit) on corporate performance growth (profitability, innovation, corporate culture attitude) of selected food and beverages manufacturing companies in Nigeria.
 Methodology: The four selected food and beverages manufacturing companies in Nigeria made up the study’s population. With a total number of 168 staffs, the study population involved both the middle and top management. The study adopted purposive sampling technique which is the deliberate choice of a researcher due to the qualities of information it possesses. Primary data was used for the purpose of this study. Regression analysis was also used for data analysis.
 Findings: The result of the analysis reveal that: (i) with the result of hypothesis one; the regression estimates results revealed that strategy of investing in company assets has significant effect on profitability (T-test = 1.922, p = 0.043). (ii) for hypotheses two, regression estimates results revealed that strategy of acquisition of capitals has significant effect on innovation (T-test = 2.973, p = 0.004). (iii) for hypotheses three, regression estimates results revealed that strategy of redistribution of profit has significant effect on corporate culture attitude (T-test = 1.447, p = 0.025).
 Research Limitations/Implications: Restrictions point to the limitations that analysts experience when conducting research. When analyzing the effect of financial strategy on corporate performance growth, the analyst experiences some limitations in this consideration, such as limited test measurement, etc.
 Originality/Value: No research was found regarding the financial strategy and corporate performance growth during the time period of 2023.
 Conclusion: The study concluded that there is a positive significant effect between financial strategy and corporate performance growth of selected food and beverages manufacturing companies in Nigeria.

Managerial Dynamics as a Deciding factor for Corporate Social Disclosures among Quoted Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

The continuous growth and expansion in the global economy with its attendant consequences on the environment and society have necessitated the increasing push by stakeholders for companies’ world over to disclose their social impacts on society. Consequently, the persistent increase in the demand for increase in social information has resulted to loss of credibility by stakeholders in the annual report of companies. The Nigerian business climate is no exception to this dilemma which serves as motivation for this research. Hence, this study investigates the extent to which managerial efficiency influences corporate social disclosures among listed Manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Using Krejcie and Morgan sample selection criteria, the sample size for the ex-post factor research design with a population of seventy-six (76) listed industrial businesses was sixty-three (63). However, because of irregular company listings and inadequate data availability, only forty-nine (49) of the companies were chosen to be included in the sample size spanning seven (7) sectors. Data were analyzed using Panel Corrected Standard Error Estimation. The results showed a significant level of 0.000 and a positive correlation of 0.019 between management effectiveness and corporate social disclosure of Nigerian listed industrial companies. Consequently, the study unquestionably showed that while managerial performance is beneficial, corporate social disclosure is significantly impacted by it. Therefore, the study suggested that the Nigeria Exchange Group (NGX) should implement additional regulations and controls to guarantee that all listed manufacturing companies continue to disclose information on product responsibility, human rights, and the social impact of manufacturing operations.

Effect of Audit Quality on Value Relevance of Accounting Earnings of Manufacturing Companies Listed in Nigerian Exchange Group

The study investigates the effect of audit quality on the relationship between accounting earnings and share prices of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The current research uses secondary data extracted from 19 sample companies listed on the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX), from 2006 to 2021. Pooled Ordinary Least Squares (POLS) are used to estimate the results. The findings reveal that earnings per share (EPS) statistically significantly and positively impact the share price of quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The results also indicate that book value per share does not significantly explain the variations in share price. Interestingly, findings show that the moderating role of audit quality has a greater interaction effect with book value per share of quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Finally, the results also show that earnings per share and book value per share have a combined significant effect on the share price of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study has valuable insights and implications for shareholders, board members, practitioners, academicians, and policymakers. Further, the study contributes to the current literature by investigating the impact of audit quality on the relationship between accounting earnings and the share price of manufacturing companies. The agency, shareholders, and stakeholder theories support the findings, which contribute to a better understanding of the role of audit quality in the value relevance of accounting earnings information. We recommend among others the need for quality auditing of financial statements of companies to enhance financial performance.

Tax Shield and Firms Value of Quoted Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

This study investigated the effect of tax shield on firms’ value of selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria from 2012 to 2021. The dependent variable of this study was firm value which was proxied by Tobins Q, while the independent variables were debt tax shield, depreciation tax shield and charitable donation tax shield. The research design adopted for the study was ex post facto, secondary data were employed, three hypotheses were tested and purposive sampling technique was used. The data for the study were analyzed using ordinary least square regression technique and the statistical tool package used was SPSS Version 20. From the result of the analysis, it was found out that debt tax shield, depreciation tax shield and charitable donation tax shield have significant effect on market value of selected manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Hence, it was concluded that tax shield could be used to optimize the value of manufacturing firms’ in Nigeria. Based on the outcome of this study, it was recommended among others that management of manufacturing firms should consider increasing debt financing, invest more in non-current asset, take advantage of charitable donation as means to enhance corporate image and maintain a proper mix of tax shield in the firm thus bringing overall benefit to shareholders and prospective investors.

Corporate Taxes and Financial Performance of Quoted Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

The study empirically investigated the effect of corporate taxes on financial performance of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The population of the study consists of sixty quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study adopts purposive sampling techniques to select thirty quoted manufacturing companies as a sample size. Secondary data was obtained from audited annual financial reports of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria from 2006-2020. Hypotheses formulated were tested using panel least squares regression through pooled effect, fixed effect, and random effect, determined by the Hausman test, fixed effect regression was preferred for results interpretation with the aid of Eviews 10 econometric statistical software. Findings show that companies’ income tax, capital gains tax, and tertiary education tax had insignificant effects on return on equity of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Companies’ income tax and tertiary education tax had insignificant effect on return on capital employed of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Companies income tax and tertiary education tax had insignificant effect on net profit margin of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Capital gains tax had significant effect on return on capital employed and net profit margin of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study concludes that corporate taxes have insignificant effect on financial performance of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The study recommends, among others, that the government should introduce new tax incentives, tax exemptions, tax allowances, tax relief, tax rebates, and tax shelters for corporate taxes. Capital gains tax should be scrapped to enable companies to plough back profit on sale of assets into their business operations. The government should create a corporate tax management database through modern information technology to ensure effective and efficient corporate tax administration.

Corporate Governance Standard and Financial Performance of Nigerian Health Care Manufacturing Companies

This study examined the extent at which corporate governance standard affects financial performance on health care manufacturing companies in Nigeria from 2012 to 2021. Ex Post Facto research design was adopted for the study. Six health care manufacturing companies were selected for the study. Data were extracted from annual reports and accounts of the sampled health care companies and regression analysis was employed to test the hypotheses. The results show that shareholders relationship has significant effect on return on equity of health care manufacturing companies in Nigeria while remuneration has no significant effect on return on equity of health care manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that the company’s management should consider a judicious and reasonable reimbursement level of board’s members to attract a realistic relation between shareholders and company’s management, hence, enhance firm’s financial performance in the intensification of shareholders’ value

Sustainability Reporting and Financial Performance of Quoted Oil and Gas Companies in Nigeria

This study empirically investigated the relationship between sustainability reporting and financial performance of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. To achieve this objective, theoretical, conceptual, and empirical literature on sustainability reporting on financial performance were exhaustively reviewed. The population of the study consists of twelve quoted oil and gas companies on the Nigerian stock exchange. The study adopts purposive sampling techniques to select ten quoted oil and gas companie s as the sample size. Secondary data were obtained from audited financial reports and sustainability reports of quoted oil and gas companies in Nigeria from 2013-2022. Hypotheses formulated were tested using ordinary least square regression with the aid of Eview 10 econometrics statistical software. The findings show that sustainability reporting had a significant impact on financial performance of quoted oil and gas companies in Nigeria. Empirical evidence suggests that environmental sustainability reporting had a significant relationship with return on equity and return on asset of quoted oil and gas companies in Nigeria. Empirical evidence indicates that social sustainability reporting had a significant relationship with return on equity and return on asset of quoted oil and gas companies in Nigeria. Empirical evidence reveals that economic sustainability reporting had a significant relationship with return on equity and return on assets of quoted oil and gas companies in Nigeria. The study concludes that sustainable reporting promotes value creation, brand reputation, attracts investors, lowers operational costs, and improves risk management, leading to superior financial performance. The study recommends, among others that corporate organizations should adopt widely recognized international sustainability reporting standards, such as the global reporting initiative, the task force on climate-related financial disclosures, and the sustai

Strategic Management Accounting and Financial Statement Quality of Quoted Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

The study determined the relationship between strategic management accounting and financial statement quality of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Strategic management accounting was the independent variable, while reliability of financial statements was adopted as the measure of financial statement quality. The study was guided by one specific objective, one research question and one research hypothesis. The study was anchored on Contingency theory and adopted the survey research design. The population of the study consisted of one hundred and seventy-seven (177) manufacturing companies Nigeria that are listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE). The sample size consisted of one hundred and twenty-three (123) employees and managers of the selected manufacturing companiesin Nigeria. The sample size of this study was determined by Taro Yamane’s formula. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Structured questionnaire was the data collection instrument used. Frequencies, simple percentages and weighted mean were used to analyse the demographic data of the respondents and other questionnaire items while Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to test the hypotheses formulated at 5% level of significance. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to run the data analysis. There is a positive and significant relationship between value chain analysis and reliability of financial statements of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria, there is a positive and significant relationship between value chain analysis and timeliness of financial statements of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria, there is a positive and significant relationship between balance scorecard and reliability of financial statements of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria and lastly, there is a positive and significant relationship between balance scorecard and timeliness of financial statements of quoted manufacturer

Green Accounting and Financial Performance of Quoted Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

The study investigated green accounting activities and its implementations by manufacturing companies in Nigeria in relating to their financial performance. Qualitative research was adopted due to the fact that most of the Nigerian manufacturing companies do not attach financial quantities to their reports on sustainability activities. A sample of fifteen (15) manufacturing companies were investigated- (Dangote Floor mill, Dangote Cement, Cadbury,) The study used data from the central bank statistical bulletin as well as Nigeria Stock Exchange, and data were analyzed in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 22. As well as Microsoft Excel The research hypotheses were tested using Ordinary Lease Square Regression (OLSR) analysis at a significance level of .05. The results of the findings were that there is no positive linear relationship between sustainability accounting of manufacturing companies and their profitability in Rivers state. This study recommends among others that as green accounting and sustainability reporting is still in arithmetic progression in Nigeria, more efforts should be applied in this regard, doing this will see a future positive correlative effect on the profitability of the manufacturing companies in Nigeria

Firm Attributes and Earnings Predictability of Listed Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

Earnings predictability is a measure of how well the past earnings of a firm can explain its current earnings. Earnings measurement is very important in accounting since the performance of the firm can be seen by a wide range of users. The primary role of the financial statement is to disclose the financial statement information to internal and external users in a timely and reliable manner. This study was to ascertain the relationship between firm attributes and earnings predictability of quoted manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The population of the study consisted of all the listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria for the year ending 2021. Purposive sampling was used to sample 12 manufacturing firms that were continuously listed and actively trading on the floor of the Nigerian Exchange Group (NXG) Ltd. during the period 2017 to 2021 and whose financial statements are available and have been consistently submitted to NXG for the period under study. The ex post facto research design was used to establish the effect of firm attributes on earnings predictability. The firm attributes reviewed were firm size, age, leverage and liquidity, while earnings predictability was measured by operational cash flows on total assets. Panel regression data using a pooled estimate of ordinary least squares method was used for data analysis. The result revealed that firm age, firm size, firm leverage and firm liquidity all have weak effects on the dependent variable. Based on the findings, it was concluded that firm attributes have weak but positive effects on earnings predictability. It was recommended that manufacturing companies should provide quality earnings reports stating the earnings per share, operational cash flow, and total assets. This will showcase the accrual quality which could assist investors in estimating future earnings thereby making decisions to avoid security mispricing.

Audit Committee Characteristics and Quality of Financial Statements of Listed Cement Companies In Nigeria

This study investigates the effect of audit committee characteristics on the quality of financial statements. The data was obtained from 3 listed cement companies from 2011 to 2022. The study employed multiple regression technique. The study found that Audit Committee Size (ACS) insignificantly increases earnings management thereby reducing the quality of financial statement (QFS), while Audit Committee Independence (ACI), Audit Committee Accounting Expertise (ACAE) and Audit Committee Gender Diversity (ACGD) insignificantly reduces earnings management thereby increasing the quality of financial statement (QFS). Since these effects are not statistically significant the study therefore, concludes that audit committee characteristics have no statistically significant effect on the quality of financial statement of listed cement manufacturing companies in Nigeria and further recommends that organizations should improve on the numbers of audit committee independent member, audit committee accounting expertise member and audit committee gender diversity as their presence tends to reduce earnings management.

Perceived Self-Efficacy Effect and Demographic Factors in Work-Family Balance Among Manufacturing Sector Employees

Abstract Work and family are important domains of life to many individuals with each attracting different roles and expectations. Employees who are able to balance work and family responsibilities have been reported to engage more with their work. However, negative work outcomes may result from conflicts among roles. Therefore, this paper investigated the influence of self-efficacy, gender, job status and length of service on work-life balance among employees in selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Participants consisted of 464 (female = 25.9%) employees that were randomly selected from manufacturing companies in Lagos state, Nigeria. Participants completed the Work-Family Balance Questionnaire and Self-Efficacy Scale. Results of the Two-Way ANOVA analyses revealed a between subject significant main effect of job status, [F(2,455) = 14.35, p<.05, ƞp2 = .059] and self-efficacy, [F(2, 455) = 7.501, p<.05, ƞp2 = .032] on work-family balance. It further showed a between subject significant main effect of gender, [F(1,458) = 14.68, p<.05, ƞp2 = .031] and a significant main effect of length of service, [F(2, 458) = 4.83, p<.05, ƞp2 = .021] on work-family balance. The study concluded that self-efficacy, job status, length of service and gender influenced the capacity to balance work and family roles among employees of manufacturing companies in Nigeria and thus recommended that management should enable employees to utilize their initiative to an acceptable level to enhance their self-efficacy.

Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Financial Performance of some selected Quoted Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Financial Performance of some selected Quoted Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

The effect of recruitment and selection on salesperson performance of a vehicle manufacturing company in Nigeria

Organizations should equip human resources and sales managers with the vital information and knowledge needed to recruit and select salespersons with the required qualities to help them achieve improved sales performance. This paper aims to determine a salesperson’s educational qualification, selling experience, and persuasive ability and their effect on the salesperson’s performance at Innoson Motors Manufacturing Company Ltd. The study surveyed 131 company staff to collect the data; only 120 questionnaires were correctly filled and returned. First, the study checked the instrument’s reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.982). Data were then analyzed using a simple linear regression analysis. The findings revealed that salesperson educational qualification has a significant positive effect on salesperson performance (r = 0.944; t = 54.251; F = 2943.209; p < 0.05). Next, salesperson selling experience was found to have a significant positive effect on salesperson performance (r = 0.964; t = 68.905; F = 4747.922; p < 0.05). Finally, salesperson persuasive ability was found to have a significant positive effect on salesperson performance (r = 0.960; t = 64.812; F = 4200.634; p < 0.05). Hence, company managers can use the findings of this paper to understand that employing highly educated, experienced, and persuasive salespersons will lead to improved salesperson performance. AcknowledgmentWe wish to appreciate the good work done by some of the researchers who contributed immensely to the development of the study’s framework and methodology. Among them: Professor Gerald Nebo, Associate Professor Chinedum Obikeze, Dr. John Anetoh and Dr. Wali Kemkamma. We also commend the effort of Mrs. Okolo Jennifer for typing and editing the work. In a similar tone, we wish to thank our respondents for equipping us with the required information that made this study a success.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance: Evidences from the Nigerian Industrial and Consumer Sector

The issue of corporate social responsibility has attractive more attention recently as result of its contribution towards stakeholders. This study investigated Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on financial performance of some selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Ex-post facto research design was used for the study. The study population comprised of all customer goods and industrial sectors of manufacturing companies in Nigeria among which fifteen (15) of them were selected using purposive sampling technique for the period of 2010-2019. Secondary data were collected from the annual report the sampled companies. Two hypotheses were formulated and tested. Both descriptive and inferential statistics (correlation and multi - regression) were used for data analysis. The result of analysis revealed that CSR has significant relationship on financial performance measured with EPS and negative significant relationship on NPM of selected manufacturing companies in Nigeria

Cost Management and Corporate Performance in Quoted Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria

Cost Management and Corporate Performance in Quoted Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria