Frequency Manipulation Research Articles

Beyond Moiré with Spatial Frequency Mastery via δ-Function Expansion Metasurface.

Mastering spatial frequency manipulation within momentum space is pivotal yet challenging, particularly in mitigating moiré patterns that significantly impair image quality across diverse applications. Conventional methods often require trade-offs in spatial resolution or fall short of completely eradicating unwanted frequencies, further burdened by complex post-processing demands. In this work, a novel coherent δ-function expansion technique implemented through an all-silicon metasurface, affording unparalleled synergistic control over arbitrarily selected spatial frequencies via refined k-space amplitude and phase modulations is introduced. This approach transcends traditional global methods by harnessing a sophisticated ensemble of multiple δ-functions, enabling a holistic manipulation of spatial frequencies. The periodicity introduced by this approach also enables the feasibility of infinitely spatial stitching expansion for metasurfaces while maintaining high energy utilization efficiency. The methodology excels in the meticulous removal of local moiré frequencies while concurrently facilitating numerous advanced optical functions, including mixed partial differentiation and noise suppression, all within the optical domain. This work heralds a significant leap forward in optical manipulation, presenting a viable, scalable alternative to complex electronic post-processing. Through this work, not only a longstanding challenge is addressed in optical physics but also open new avenues for research and application in photodetection and optical processing technologies.

Grain boundary engineering for efficient and durable electrocatalysis

Grain boundaries in noble metal catalysts have been identified as critical sites for enhancing catalytic activity in electrochemical reactions such as the oxygen reduction reaction. However, conventional methods to modify grain boundary density often alter particle size, shape, and morphology, obscuring the specific role of grain boundaries in catalytic performance. This study addresses these challenges by employing gold nanoparticle assemblies to control grain boundary density through the manipulation of nanoparticle collision frequency during synthesis. We demonstrate a direct correlation between increased grain boundary density and enhanced two-electron oxygen reduction reaction activity, achieving a significant improvement in both specific and mass activity. Additionally, the gold nanoparticle assemblies with high grain boundary density exhibit remarkable electrochemical stability, attributed to boron segregation at the grain boundaries, which prevents structural degradation. This work provides a promising strategy for optimizing the activity, selectivity, and stability of noble metal catalysts through precise grain boundary engineering.

Manipulating and measuring variation in deep neural network (DNN) representations of objects

We explore how DNNs can be used to develop a computational understanding of individual differences in high-level visual cognition given their ability to generate rich meaningful object representations informed by their architecture, experience, and training protocols. As a first step to quantifying individual differences in DNN representations, we systematically explored the robustness of a variety of representational similarity measures: Representational Similarity Analysis (RSA), Centered Kernel Alignment (CKA), and Projection-Weighted Canonical Correlation Analysis (PWCCA), with an eye to how these measures are used in cognitive science, cognitive neuroscience, and vision science. To manipulate object representations, we next created a large set of models varying in random initial weights and random training image order, training image frequencies, training category frequencies, and model size and architecture and measured the representational variation caused by each manipulation. We examined both small (All-CNN-C) and commonly-used large (VGG and ResNet) DNN architectures. To provide a comparison for the magnitude of representational differences, we established a baseline based on the representational variation caused by image-augmentation techniques used to train those DNNs. We found that variation in model randomization and model size never exceeded baseline. By contrast, differences in training image frequency and training category frequencies caused representational variation that exceeded baseline, with training category frequency manipulations exceeding baseline earlier in the networks. These findings provide insights into the magnitude of representational variations that can be expected with a range of manipulations and provide a springboard for further exploration of systematic model variations aimed at modeling individual differences in high-level visual cognition.

Electrically tunable space-time metasurfaces at optical frequencies.

Active metasurfaces enable dynamic manipulation of the scattered electromagnetic wavefront by spatially varying the phase and amplitude across arrays of subwavelength scatterers, imparting momentum to outgoing light. Similarly, periodic temporal modulation of active metasurfaces allows for manipulation of the output frequency of light. Here we combine spatial and temporal modulation in electrically modulated reflective metasurfaces operating at 1,530 nm to generate and diffract a spectrum of sidebands at megahertz frequencies. Temporal modulation with tailored waveforms enables the design of a spectrum of sidebands. By impressing a spatial phase gradient on the metasurface, we can diffract selected combinations of sideband frequencies. Combining active temporal and spatial variation can enable unique optical functions, such as frequency mixing, harmonic beam steering or shaping, and breaking of Lorentz reciprocity.

Modular narratives and visual digital culture in contemporary cinema. The case of Open Windows (Nacho Vigalondo, 2014)

In the present day, digital visual and convergence culture permeate the modes of production, circulation, and consumption of audiovisual representations, following the postulates of authors such as A. Darley or H. Jenkins. In this context, A. Cameron defines modular narratives as those in which classical narrative causality is replaced by a database aesthetic, dividing the narrative into discrete elements subject to manipulations of order, frequency, and duration. Focusing on the case of Open Windows (Nacho Vigalondo, 2014), this study aims to explore the imprints of digital visual culture on contemporary Spanish cinema incorporating modular narratives. The methodology employs an analysis model adapted to this narrative and aesthetic specificity within the framework of Computational Media Aesthetics. The film's mechanisms of representation are scrutinized through a multi-screen interface, where simultaneous events are juxtaposed within the same visual field. Finally, the discussion encompasses the necessity of applying such models to the analysis of audiovisual content associated with digital visual culture, as well as their potential utility for future research.

Помехоустойчивость когерентного приема двоичных сигналов с огибающей вида приподнятый косинус в гидроакустическом канале связи

Goals: The main purpose of this work is to develop a methodology for determining the parameters of binary signals, at which the signals become relatively invariant to frequency distortions in the marine environment. The frequency distortion of the signals is caused by the uneven frequency response of the attenuation of the marine environment. The main part of this technique is to assess the effect of frequency distortion of signals on the noise immunity of reception. In accordance with this, the error probabilities of signal receivers with various types of manipulation are determined, which are optimal in the absence of distortion. Methods: The provisions of applied hydroacoustics, the theory of random processes and the theory of transmission of discrete messages are used. The main content: The paper considered a model of a single-beam hydroacoustic communication channel, characteristic of the deep sea, when the receiver or transmitter is located in the depths of the sea. The transmission coefficient of the channel is used as a transmission coefficient with a Gaussian amplitude -frequency response and a linear phase-frequency response. The error probabilities of coherent receivers of binary signals with amplitude, frequency and phase manipulation with an envelope of the raised cosine type are determined. Coherent receivers optimal by the criterion of maximum likelihood under the action of white Gaussian noise and the absence of distortion in the marine environment are considered as receivers. A logarithmic measure of increasing the probability of error is introduced, which characterizes the deterioration of noise immunity due to frequency distortions in the channel. For some typical cases, the values of signal parameters that are relatively invariant to frequency distortions in the marine environment are determined. Results: Expressions of the error probability of coherent receivers of binary signals with amplitude, frequency and phase manipulation with an envelope of the raised cosine type are found. A logarithmic measure of the relative increase in the probability of error compared to the case of no distortion is introduced. The functional dependence of this measure on the duration of sending the signal, the carrier frequency and the initial phase of the signal, as well as on the communication range and the signal-to-noise ratio is determined. On the plane of the carrier frequency, signal duration, for each type of signal, the boundary of the region above which the signals are relatively invariant to frequency distortions in the marine environment is constructed, a comparison is made with the case of signals with a sinusoidal envelope. For communication ranges R = 1.5 km and 3 km and typical carrier frequencies, the minimum values of the duration of invariant signals are given. Expressions of the error probability of coherent receivers of binary signals with amplitude, frequency and phase manipulation with an envelope of the raised cosine type are found. A logarithmic measure of the relative increase in the probability of error compared to the case of no distortion is introduced. The functional dependence of this measure on the duration of sending the signal, the carrier frequency and the initial phase of the signal, as well as on the communication range and the signal-to-noise ratio is determined. On the plane of the carrier frequency, signal duration, for each type of signal, the boundary of the region above which the signals are relatively invariant to frequency distortions in the marine environment is constructed, a comparison is made with the case of signals with a sinusoidal envelope. For communication ranges R = 1.5 km and 3 km and typical carrier frequencies, the minimum values of the duration of invariant signals are given.

Optogenetically engineered calcium oscillations promote autophagy-mediated cell death via AMPK activation.

Autophagy is a double-edged sword for cells; it can lead to both cell survival and death. Calcium (Ca2+) signalling plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular behaviours, including cell migration, proliferation and death. In this study, we investigated the effects of modulating cytosolic Ca2+ levels on autophagy using chemical and optogenetic methods. Our findings revealed that ionomycin and thapsigargin induce Ca2+ influx to promote autophagy, whereas the Ca2+ chelator BAPTA-AM induces Ca2+ depletion and inhibits autophagy. Furthermore, the optogenetic platform allows the manipulation of illumination parameters, including density, frequency, duty cycle and duration, to create different patterns of Ca2+ oscillations. We used the optogenetic tool Ca2+-translocating channelrhodopsin, which is activated and opened by 470 nm blue light to induce Ca2+ influx. These results demonstrated that high-frequency Ca2+ oscillations induce autophagy. In addition, autophagy induction may involve Ca2+-activated adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinases. In conclusion, high-frequency optogenetic Ca2+ oscillations led to cell death mediated by AMP-activated protein kinase-induced autophagy.

Evaluating the Effects of Consecutive Phases of Plyometric Jump Training on Athletic Performance in Male Soccer Players: The Effect of Training Frequency and Volume Manipulations.

Moran, J, Vali, N, Tallent, J, Howe, L, Clemente, FM, Chaabene, H, and Ramirez-Campillo, R. Evaluating the effects of consecutive phases of plyometric jump training on athletic performance in male soccer players: The effect of training frequency and volume manipulations. J Strength Cond Res 38(6): 1082-1089, 2024-This 14-week, 2-phase study aimed to determine the relative effects of 1 day or 2 days of volume-matched plyometric training on athletic performance (10- and 40-m sprints, change of direction [COD], and vertical jump [VJ]) in male soccer players (phase 1). The objective of phase 2 was to determine the relative effects of higher- and lower-volume plyometric training protocols in maintaining any previously attained increases in athletic performance from phase 1. A randomized parallel-group trial design was utilized. In phase 1, subjects ( n = 24; mean age: 19.5 ± 1.2 years; mean height: 179.7 ± 7.1 cm; mean weight: 69.8 ± 6.9 kg) were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 groups to receive either 1 day or 2 days of volume- and intensity-matched plyometric training for a 7-week period. For the second 7-week period (phase 2), half of each group was randomized into either a lower-volume or higher-volume plyometric training group. In phase 1, both the 1-day group and the 2-day group attained comparably significant ( p < 0.001) increases in performance in all fitness tests ranging from effect sizes (ESs) ( d ) of 0.4 (95% confidence interval: 0.11 to 0.70) for 10-m sprint to 1.51 (0.42-2.60) for VJ. There were no significant differences between the performance increases in the 2 groups. In phase 2, neither group increased or decreased performance, maintaining all previously attained increases with only trivial ESs observed (-0.02 [-0.58 to 0.53] to 0.11 [-0.38 to 0.61]). Increases in 10- and 40-m sprint speed, COD speed, and VJ height can be achieved and maintained with as little as 1 plyometric training session per week. Sessions can include 120 jumps to induce increases of the reported magnitudes, with 60 jumps to maintain these increases thereafter, in male soccer players.

Acceleration of adsorption of heavy metal ion micelles onto iron/polyvinyltetrazole adsorbents with dielectrophoresis force under polarization

Metal ions are eliminated from wastewater through absorbents via diffusion. To expedite the diffusion rate within a non-uniform electric field, an external dielectrophoresis force (FD) is introduced through frequency manipulation. Polyvinyltetrazole microadsorbents (FVTMs) incorporating iron elements are synthesized as adsorbents to bolster the FD's strength, which relies predominantly on the dielectric constants of the medium and particles. Cr(III), Cu(II), and Pb(II) are chosen to form micelles with surfactants as absorbates. These micelles (MIM) encapsulate Cr(III), Cu(II), and Pb(II) at concentrations ranging from 10 to 80 mmol L−1, driven towards the FVTMs by the attractive FD in the medium. In the absence of FD, for metal ion solutions at 80 mmol L−1, the removal ratios range from 28.6 to 32.6 % within 40 min, while in the presence of FD, the removal ratios reach the range of 89.6 to 92.3 %. The theoretical adsorption rate constants of MIMs onto the FVTMs under frequency polarization are enhanced approximately fivefold by the external FD generated at 5 V and 50 kHz. At a high frequency of 200 kHz, a repulsive FD is generated, reversing the adsorption and facilitating the recycling efficiency of FVTMs. As a result, FD can manipulate the adsorption rate with a particular frequency, enabling the removal of metal ions and the reuse of adsorbents. The FVTMs containing iron elements are reused up to 10 times under polarization switching frequencies between 50 and 200 kHz. This proposed platform introduces a novel methodology utilizing ferrous metal ion adsorbents for the rapid treatment of discharge.

Optimizing frequency noise calibration and manipulation in an active feedback control loop

Frequency noise is a key limitation factor for frequency sensitive ultra-high precision measurement. An excellent methodology for its calibration is the error signal extracting from a cavity length locking process via Pound–Drever–Hall (PDH) technique, and also can be applied as a noise discriminator for active feedback control. However, the stabilized laser frequency noise performance was poor to meet the applications for ultra-high precision measurement, and no literature has analyzed the cause in detail. In this Letter, we found that various of noise floors in the in-loop sensing and modulation depth in the PDH error signal should be responsible for the poor noise performance. Meanwhile, differing from the theoretical prediction (1.08), the modulation depth in frequency noise feedback controlling should be optimized by simultaneously considering the detector’s gain and saturation power, cavity impedance matching, and control loop gain. In our case, it was fixed to be 0.17. The experimental results confirm our theoretical analysis well. Finally, the stabilized laser frequency noises are reduced to 10−1Hz/Hz for out-of-loop and 3×10−2Hz/Hz for in-loop. The results demonstrate an efficient settlement solution for active frequency noise feedback control.

Modificações do feedback auditivo e seus efeitos sobre a voz de indivíduos adultos: uma revisão de escopo

ABSTRACT Introduction The auditory perception of voice and its production involve auditory feedback, kinesthetic cues and the feedforward system that produce different effects for the voice. The Lombard, Sidetone and Pitch-Shift-Reflex effects are the most studied. The mapping of scientific experiments on changes in auditory feedback for voice motor control makes it possible to examine the existing literature on the phenomenon and may contribute to voice training or therapies. Purpose To map experiments and research results with manipulation of auditory feedback for voice motor control in adults. Method Scope review following the Checklist Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension (PRISMA-ScR) to answer the question: “What are the investigation methods and main research findings on the manipulation of auditory feedback in voice self-monitoring of adults?”. The search protocol was based on the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) mnemonic strategy, in which the population is adult individuals, the concept is the manipulation of auditory feedback and the context is on motor voice control. Articles were searched in the databases: BVS/Virtual Health Library, MEDLINE/Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System online, COCHRANE, CINAHL/Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, SCOPUS and WEB OF SCIENCE. Results 60 articles were found, 19 on the Lombard Effect, 25 on the Pitch-shift-reflex effect, 12 on the Sidetone effect and four on the Sidetone/Lombard effect. The studies are in agreement that the insertion of a noise that masks the auditory feedback causes an increase in the individual's speech intensity and that the amplification of the auditory feedback promotes the reduction of the sound pressure level in the voice production. A reflex response to the change in pitch is observed in the auditory feedback, however, with particular characteristics in each study. Conclusion The material and method of the experiments are different, there are no standardizations in the tasks, the samples are varied and often reduced. The methodological diversity makes it difficult to generalize the results. The main findings of research on auditory feedback on voice motor control confirm that in the suppression of auditory feedback, the individual tends to increase the intensity of the voice. In auditory feedback amplification, the individual decreases the intensity and has greater control over the fundamental frequency, and in frequency manipulations, the individual tends to correct the manipulation. The few studies with dysphonic individuals show that they behave differently from non-dysphonic individuals.

Impact of magnetostriction mechanism on frequency manipulation ultrasonic steering in electromagnetic acoustic transducers

AbstractIn this paper, the impact of the magnetostriction mechanism is considered as the focus. An axisymmetric FEM model of the spiral‐coil electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMAT) is established to conduct the simulation. The simulation results demonstrate that the directivity of ultrasonic wave can be controlled by manipulating the frequency. Furthermore, it is found that the direction of the dominant Lorentz force in the rail varies with time, while the magnetostrictive force compels the ultrasonic wave generated by the Lorentz force towards the axis. It effectively illustrates that the combined power of two mechanisms surpasses that of the Lorentz‐force mechanism alone, particularly at low frequencies.

Oscillation Frequency Manipulation in Autonomous WPT Systems With Series–Series Compensation

Oscillation Frequency Manipulation in Autonomous WPT Systems With Series–Series Compensation

Electrically Triggered Color‐Changing Materials: Mechanisms, Performances, and Applications

AbstractElectrically triggered color‐changing materials, termed as electrochromic materials, offer precise and programmable color transistions through the manipulation of electric field frequency and amplitude. They are used as displays, sensors, military camouflage, wearable devices, and anticounterfeiting materials. Their future advancements depend on clear understanding of the color change mechanisms and pros/cons between different electrochromic materials. To this end, we starts by categorizing electrochromism into two classes according to color production mechanism: chemical color‐based and physical color‐based. Within the former, color emerges from chemical molecules selectively absorbing specific wavelengths of light and color changes stem from electrochemical redox reactions. The latter, meanwhile, hinges upon electrically induced alterations in the geometries, dimensions, or arrangements of nano/micro structures, such as photonic crystals and plasmonic nanostructures. The principles of color changes in both categories are detailed, and compare their differences in terms of response time, operating voltage, degree of color change, and stability. At the end, their applications will be discussed spanning from smart windows to color display, dynamic camouflage, energy storage, and thermal management. This critical review is aimed to provide multidisciplinary insights that will benefit both novices and seasoned experts engaged in fundamental exploration or practical investigations of electrochromic materials.

The Haptic Intensity Order Illusion Is Caused by Amplitude Changes

When two brief vibrotactile stimulations are sequentially applied to observers’ lower back, there is systematic mislocalization of the stimulation: if the second stimulation is of higher intensity than the first one, observers tend to respond that the second stimulation was above the first one, and vice versa when weak intensity stimulation follows a strong one. This haptic mislocalization effect has been called the intensity order illusion . In the original demonstration of the illusion, frequency and amplitude of the stimulation were inextricably linked so that changes in amplitude also resulted in changes in frequency. It is therefore unknown whether the illusion is caused by changes in frequency, amplitude or both. To test this, we performed a multifactorial experiment, where we used L5 actuators that allow independent manipulation of frequency and amplitude. This approach enabled us to investigate the effects of stimulus amplitude, frequency and location, and to assess any potential interactions among these factors. We report four main findings: (1) we were able to replicate the intensity order illusion with the L5 tactors; (2) the illusion mainly occurred in the upwards direction, or in other words, when strong stimulation following a weaker one occurred above or in the same location as the first stimulation; (3) the illusion did not occur when similar stimulation patterns were applied in the horizontal direction; and (4) the illusion was solely due to changes in amplitude, whereas changes in frequency (100 Hz vs 200 Hz) had no effect.

Exploring the Zeeman effect in spectroscopy for laser frequency manipulation in optical systems

In optical systems, acousto-optic modulators (AOMs) and electro-optic modulators (EOMs) are commonly utilized for laser frequency manipulation. However, these devices come with drawbacks such as high cost and the requirement of optical adjustments to change the frequency shift direction. In this study, we propose an alternative method that harnesses the Zeeman effect in the saturated-absorption spectroscopy to shift the energy levels in atom. With this technique, the laser frequency can be shifted without the need for AOMs or EOMs. The stability of laser locking was investigated for any case of polarization of probe and pump beam. We found when the polarization of the probe and pump beams is linear and perpendicular, it results in the highest level of stability in laser locking compared to other polarization configurations.

Fabrication of sandwich-structured capacitor containing core@shell polystyrene@graphene oxide microspheres for switchable removal of dyes from water by dielectrophoresis force

Absorption rates for traditional adsorbents were predominately determined by the concentration gradient from bulk to absorbents and surface area. A novel sandwich-structured capacitor (SSC) containing adsorbents is designed to reduce the time consuming of absorption of pollutants by dielectrophoresis force (FDEP). Graphene oxide (GO) are coated on polystyrene microspheres (PSs) as the core/shell PS@GO adsorbents that were encapsulated within the SSC to treat the solution of dye-emulsified micells (DEM). The FDEP results the assembling of PS@GOs and DEMs under polarization and enhance the adsorption rate ca. 1 ∼ 2 times with polarization at 3 V and 200 kHz. Additionally, most adsorbents are recycled with secondary pollution. Only two-fifth pure water volume of the wastewater through the SSC could achieve the recycling of the adsorbents at 900 kHz. The high complex permittivity of GO coating at high frequency allows ultrafast alternative spinning of the induced dipoles in the PS@GOs facilitates desorption and hinders the re-adsorption of the DEM during the recycling of PS@GOs. The PS@GOs was reused ca. 10 times at 20 mL min−1 of flow rate through the SSC without damages between 200 and 900 kHz. The designed SSC containing PS@GOs accomplishes either reusing of adsorbents or concentrating of dyes with low secondary pollution in practice through frequency manipulation.

Field Manipulation of Band Properties in Infrared Spectra of Thin Films

This comprehensive optical study analyzes field manipulations of bands in infrared (IR) spectra of thin films and functional surfaces for varying measurement and sample conditions. Band variations related to the materials dielectric functions, the measurement geometry, the film thickness as well as the direction dependence of the probing electromagnetic fields are demonstrated. Examples are discussed for isotropic polymer films (≈200 nm polymethylmethacrylate [PMMA]) on gold and silicon as well as an anisotropic hydrogen monolayer on a Si(111) surface, characterized by IR–attenuated total reflection, IR microscopy, and incidence‐angle‐dependent IR polarimetry. Even for fixed optical material properties, significant manipulations of band frequency and shape (shifts up to ≈14 cm−1 for PMMA, up to ≈3 cm−1 for H–Si) occur in not only polarization‐dependent but also unpolarized spectra. The shown data underline that polarimetric measurements and optical analyses are essential for a detailed interpretation of band shapes.

Higher-order elastic topological insulators with reconfigurable route and tunable corner states

In recent years, topological insulators (TIs) have been introduced in classical wave systems as a new type of quantum material, opening up new ways and approaches for manipulating the propagation of acoustic/elastic waves. The excellent topological protection characteristics of the edge states and corner states in TIs have the potential to significantly impact various scientific and technological advancements, which has attracted widespread attention from the academic community. However, in the case of the majority of elastic TIs, the application is significantly restricted by the fixed interface path and corner state frequency once the structural materials are prepared. To overcome this limitation, this paper presents an elastic TI with reconfigurable topological paths. By manipulating the rotation angle of each unit cell's eccentric cylinder, it becomes feasible to achieve interface paths of any desired shape. Numerical simulation and experimental results indicate that elastic waves exclusively propagate along topological interface paths of different configurations, demonstrating excellent robustness to defects. Furthermore, by incorporating magnetorheological elastomers into the structure, it becomes possible to generate higher-order corner states by adjusting the width of the connected narrow bands. For a structure composed of nontrivial unit cells, it is possible to generate edge states as well as two distinct types of corner states. Elastic waves exhibit strong confinement to edges or corner points and have topological protection properties. By harnessing the magnetorheological effect, it becomes possible to overcome the limitations of traditional higher-order topological insulators, where the corner state frequency is fixed. This approach allows for active manipulation of the working frequency by applying different magnetic fields. Consequently, this research provides valuable insights and serves as a reference for designing intelligent elastic waveguide devices and energy harvesting devices.

Design of a wideband and tunable radar absorber

To effectively address the challenges posed by intricate and dynamic electromagnetic environments, we propose a wideband and tunable radar absorber in this paper. The proposed absorber, composed of graphene capacitor, plasma enclosed within a sealed glass cavity, radar absorbing material (RAM), FR-4 and copper plate, allows for tunable radar absorbing performance through the manipulation of the electromagnetic properties of the graphene capacitor and plasma. Based on the equivalent circuit model, the reflectivity of the radar absorber is analyzed using transmission line theory (TLT). Good agreement is observed between the full-wave simulations and the TLT. The study thoroughly investigates the influence of graphene, plasma, and RAM components, as well as their sequential arrangement within the radar absorber, on its reflectivity, expounding the fundamental mechanism of these materials’ synergistic integration. Additionally, the effects of key factors, including the surface resistance R g of graphene, plasma frequency collision frequency and plasma thickness on the radar absorbing performance are examined. Our findings reveal that adjusting surface resistance R g controls the absorbing amplitude, and manipulation of the plasma frequency and collision frequency tunes the absorbing frequency and effective absorbing band. By appropriately adjusting the surface resistance R g of graphene, plasma frequency and collision frequency the proposed radar absorber exhibits superior performance in the frequency range of 1 GHz to 10 GHz. The radar absorber we propose serves as a significant reference for the application of tunable radar absorbers and adaptive radar stealth techniques.