Manifestations Of Solidarity Research Articles

Education in the National Transplant Law as an ethical pathway for the construction of the health care value in Colombia

The national transplant law in Colombia, Law 1805 of 2016, modified the Colombian legislation regarding how a person accesses an organ transplant, but above all, it changed the donor figure, establishing the term derived from the presumptive consent right. This term implies a person’s hypothetical willingness to be an organ donor as a manifestation of solidarity and charity towards another person in a situation of need and vulnerability concerning his/her health and the dimensions that define it. In the following text, seven moments are considered fundamental facts when constructing a culture about the value of healthcare in the national transplant policy in Colombia.

Tricontinental Reverberations: Anti-Imperialist Solidarity in the International War Crimes Tribunal on Vietnam

Abstract In 1967, amid the U.S. war in Vietnam, distinguished leftist intellectuals and activists gathered in Sweden and Denmark to establish the first citizens’ tribunal. Initiated by the philosopher Bertrand Russell, the purpose of the International War Crimes Tribunal (iwct) was to put the U.S. government on trial for its military actions in Southeast Asia. This article has two objectives. First, it argues that this activist endeavour was embedded in a larger internationalist movement against Western imperialism, namely Tricontinentalism, of which the war in Vietnam was a connecting factor. Second, the article investigates the tribunal as a manifestation of the solidarity that the New Left in the West maintained with revolutionary movements in the Third World. It aims to show the utility of the theoretical concept of political solidarity, most thoroughly elaborated by Sally J. Scholz, for the global history analysis of social justice movements. At the same time, it contends the necessity of additional parameters when studying manifestations of political solidarity in a post- and settler-colonial context, drawing on new scholarship on colonial-sensitive solidarity. By carving out the specificities of this case of activism on the theoretical ground, this investigation also highlights the importance, advantages, and pitfalls of political anti-imperialist solidarity.

Manifestations of Solidarity Towards Ukraine by World Libraries

Manifestations of Solidarity Towards Ukraine by World Libraries

Introduction: Exploring the Various Dimensions and Manifestations of Solidarity

Introduction: Exploring the Various Dimensions and Manifestations of Solidarity

Temporary Protection Directive: Testing New Frontiers?

Abstract The activation of the Temporary Protection Directive has been considered a manifestation of solidarity towards refugees that enhances responsibility sharing between the Member States and is, therefore, perceived as a positive development. Focusing on the specific case of Ukrainian refugees, this paper explores the possible implications of the Temporary Protection Directive from the perspective of asylum solidarity. The purpose of the article is twofold. First, to dispel the assumption that the activation of the Directive is a positive step forward in addressing the Ukraine refugee incidence and challenge the presumed benefits of the Directive in terms of asylum solidarity. Second, the article seeks to explore how the detrimental effects of temporary protection can be mitigated both in the short and long term. It proposes possible solutions to prevent a regression in refugee protection standards through temporary protection and examines how a free choice model can be integrated to remedy some of the shortcomings of the current emergency management system.

CHARITY AS A MANIFESTATION OF THE SOLIDARITY OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE STATE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION

Abstract: the article analyzes the trends in the development of charity as a manifestation of solidarity in the context of a special military operation. Based on terminological analysis, the author singles out two main components in solidarity: unity and coherence. It is noted that the introduction of this principle into the Constitution of the Russian Federation is not declarative, but has deep historical roots. So, during the First World War, women of different classes together provided charitable assistance to soldiers who were at the front, both through fundraising and helping the families of soldiers. Similarly, at the present stage of development of Russian society, we observe the solidarity of civil society with the state through assistance to both participants in the special operation and refugees from the Donetsk and Lugansk People’s Republics and Ukraine. The author also points out the traditional features of the Russian people in the form of charity and mercy, which manifested themselves in the new reality.

The “Karabakh – Armenia” Theme in the Iconography of Armenian Identity

The images and written formulas depicted on banners and posters are a vivid manifestation of national identity and tend to appear and reappear in abundant quantities in times of societal crises. In this sense, the iconography of the Karabakh Movement represents a rich and broad field of study. What is distinctive about the posters created during the Karabakh Movement is that a great majority did not simply proclaim the programmatic ideas of certain parties or political trends but rather expressed the people’s concerns, moods and wishes and their interpretations of events as they unfolded. The posters and banners of the Movement manifested in varying genres and revealed diversity in their content. They were the product of both Soviet and nationalist mentality. The theme “Karabakh-Armenia” had many different manifestations in the iconography of the Karabakh movement, such as quotations and the creation of posters using or based on “quote thinking”; unification of Karabakh with Armenia as a solution for the Karabakh issue; the theme of Mother Armenia and child-Karabakh; “Karabakh is ours”; manifestations of solidarity with the people of Karabakh; Karabakh and Armenia as one entity. This article aims to present and analyse those banners and posters as manifestations of national identity.

“We Will Not Change Our Attitude Towards You, Until You Change Your Attitude Towards Us”. How Washington Considered the Reaction of Western European Communist Parties to The Events in Afghanistan, 1978–1985

The invasion of a limited contingent of Soviet troops into Afghanistan at the end of 1979 caused a mixed reaction among the Communist parties in Europe. Some of them subject the actions of the USSR leadership to sharp criticism. The article reveals to what extent the US administration was aware of the critical attacks against the USSR and the CPSU by the most powerful Western European Communist parties to determine how the factor of Eurocommunism influenced the Afghan vector of the US policy in 1979-1982 and how the American course turned out for the Communist parties themselves. The study is based on published documents (including electronic collections) of the Administration of the President of the United States J. Carter, the State Department, and the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States, as well as unpublished documents of the Central Committee of the CPSU from the funds of the Russian State Archive of Modern History, press materials and memoirs. It is concluded that 1) the invasion of Soviet military units into Afghanistan provoked a fierce battle of superpowers on the periphery of the Cold War, and in fact, became its peak; 2) one of the results of the Soviet operation was a deeper split in the world communist movement with its subsequent decline; 3) the United States sought to take advantage of the escalated disagreements between the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the largest communist parties in Western Europe (especially Italian, to a lesser extent Spanish and French) and encouraged the actions of the European Communists aimed at distancing themselves from the CPSU and severing relations with the USSR. At the same time, Washington avoided public statements and actions that could look like a manifestation of solidarity with the Communist parties of Western Europe (primarily with the ICP), including the relation to the USSR policy in Afghanistan, giving priority to the policy to exclude completely the possibility for communists to participate in the governments of NATO states. Such a policy, against the background of the ongoing war in Afghanistan and the decline in the USSR's international prestige, contributed to the isolation of the European communist parties in their countries and the weakening of their electoral opportunities.

Seeking inclusion through redefining expertise: the changing spatial contours of disability activism in the long 1970s

ABSTRACT This article focuses on European transnational activism in the long 1970s. Using the independent living movement as a case study, it illuminates how new spaces of knowledge production, social experience and political activism often emerged from informal contacts. Such initiatives challenged the medical understanding of disability and questioned the expertise of medical and rehabilitation personnel: activists fighting for the elimination of spatial segregation redefined disability into a social condition and asserted that the source of expertise was above all the lived experience. More conventional professional spaces of exchange also intensified and diversified in this period, as the example of two networks representing people with intellectual and developmental disabilities reveals: one fashioned itself as a space of neutral professional exchange, whereas the other also engaged in activism. Yet another instance of diversification is the coming into being of the world’s first cross-disability organization in 1981. The article reveals the ideological tensions and practical obstacles that restricted international exchange and the manifestations of solidarity. In particular, it points to the mismatched expectations between activists from Europe and North America who defined solidarity in terms of identity politics, and those from the Global South who tended to equate it with financial aid.

«FROM THE NEED OF THE HEART»: WORKS OF POLISH ARTISTS IN SUPPORT OF UKRAINE

The article collects the systematizes and analyzes of the works of Polish artists in support of Ukraine, and also an artistic interpretation of their works in the context of modern art of resistance. Methodology of research is based on visual analysis of works, analytical and art history methods of research, as well as a systematic approach. The scientific novelty is that, the research is the first attempt of analytical generalization of creative achievements in domestic art history, representatives of the Polish sector of creative industries in support of Ukraine. Since the beginning of the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war, the activity of Polish artists turned into an effective cultural and artistic front in support of Ukraine. In particular, their numerous “combat squad” became the representatives of graphic design - poster artists, illustrators, designers. Their compositions are characterized by the psychological depth of the disclosure the leading thought – the support of Ukraine, the unbreakable unity with it in the fight against rashism. It found out, that the innovative idea of the Polish artist Hubert Kampa with regard to the using of wooden boards from ammunition boxes as material basis for works of sacred art, full of deep symbolism, at the same time, it actualizes in a rather creative way in European society the problem of the war in Ukraine. It is determined that powerful Polish artists’ support of Ukraine in its struggle against the Russian aggressor represents their musical creativity. Vocal and instrumental compositions are the clear cultural signals of unity with the Ukrainian people, in their difficult time of trial. It is concluded, that in general their works, that created “from the need of the heart” are a manifestation of solidarity with Ukraine, are characterized by a high degree of empathy and cordocentrism. Simultaneously, they are cultural and artistic manifestations of international opposition to Russian aggression, visual and soun d narratives of modern art of resistance.

Solidarity Actions Based on Religious Plurality

The successive crises experienced recently (financial crisis in 2008, refugees in 2015 and the current crisis resulting from COVID) have led to surges in discrimination, racism and lack of solidarity between groups. However, these same crises have inspired important manifestations of solidarity with a significant social impact (improving people’s lives) for many groups and in very different areas. This article focuses on two solidarity initiatives (interreligious language pairs and a cooperative) that contribute to overcoming inequalities and the social exclusion of the most vulnerable groups, to explore whether religious plurality and the interreligious dialogue present in these initiatives are a favourable element for solidarity.

IN THIS ISSUE

This year will focus on celebrations and reflections on occasion of the 70th anniversary of the United Nations. At the same time, the Millennium Development Goals as well as the Sustainable Development Goals for thepost-2015 era remain central items on the agenda when global governance issues and international responsibilities are discussed.Notions, which by implication always also carry a local meaning and impact on domestic policy in as much as domestic policy (not only as foreign policy) also impacts on global governance issues. The divide often maintained is more than ever artificial and misleading in the face of the global challenges humanity faces — not only in terms of environmental degradation as a resultof climate change. Many issues do not have any territorial boundaries orare transcending those.
 The inter-linkages of the local and the global (for which the term'glocal' was minted a few years ago) are obvious not only when it comes tohumanitarian disasters and emergency situations appealing to globalsolidarity, such as the recent earthquake in Nepal and its devastating consequences. Other manifestations of solidarity in a global world include the almost world-wide 'Je Suis Charlie' response and outcry to the terrorist attack on the journal and the cold-blooded execution of its cartoonists in Paris. The gathering of world leaders there in defiance of the assault on civil liberties and freedoms of expression was a symbolic act of some magnitude and brought together even deeply antagonistic political players. But at the same time the lack of similar visible and determined symbolic acts of defiance by the world's political leaders and Western civil society agencies, suggesting an absence of a similar degree of moral outcry and global protest over the ongoing slaughters and abductions by Boko Haram in Nigeria or the massacre of students at the Garissa University College in Kenya seem to suggest that we still live in times of double standards and/or selective perceptions. Humanity as well as humanbeings remain divided and seem to live in different worlds. Likewise, the tragedies taking place visibly in broad daylight on the Mediterranean Sea, reaching a scale of human loss at days bordering to the numerical proportions of 9/11, have not been met with a similar rigorous political will topromote true values of humanity.

The Phenomenon of the Algorithm and Its Impact on the EU Legal System: an Attempt at a Multidisciplinary Approach

We are experiencing a digital revolution that is changing the very nature of law. Digital code becomes a form of regulation through which private actors link their values to technological artifacts that prove capable of conditioning their operations both on a material and moral level. But technological artifacts appear to be non-neutral means, reflecting choices of different nature, among which those of a political nature stand out. The more the regulatory provisions are implemented through the use of technologies, the more the codes acquire the status of a regulatory technique, which can be used both to define and incorporate regulatory and contractual provisions into codes both to implement them. The impact of the algorithm is of crystal clear relevance not only in regulation but also in the other side of the coin: surveillance. Each new option brought by the development of technology brings new possibilitiesand changes the way humans relate to each other. All these beautiful technological devices that few of us are willing to abandon produce a positive enhancement of the human and new kind of addiction, but also a new slavery”. The algorithmic revolution spills over to society andpublic systems designed to ensure its well-being. So, fiscal consequences of the algorithmic revolution risk, if not governed, to call into question the very foundation of the social pact, to which the fiscal duty is connected as a manifestation of solidarity within an organized community, not only within the borders of the individual State but also in a wider sphere. Legal scholars can face the newest challenges of the present without fear and without nostalgia.But to this purpose he must remove all obstacles to the necessary dialogue between jurists of different backgrounds, between jurists and non-jurists, between jurists and society.

La literatura y el cine en la formación del médico y las humanidades médicas

The use of literature and cinema to teach humanistic values to medical students creates conceptual elements of great importance in the academic framework of medical humanities. Literary and cinematographic narratives allow students to generate an ethical, historical and epistemological reflection on the perspectives of medical practice and the doctor-patient relationship. In addition, it stimulates in them the manifestations of solidarity, empathy and recognition of the human suffering of the sick ones. This article shows different thematic orientations and specific works that can serve for the creation and development of undergraduate courses in medical curricula.

Determinants of Intergenerational Family Solidarity during the Great Recession: the Spanish Case.

In the context of an economic crisis that has affected countries in Southern Europe especially and that has called into question the public pillar of the intergenerational contract, i.e. pensions, literature has shown an increasing interest in analyzing the other intergenerational pillar, which is largely based on family solidarity and which has been insufficiently explored for the Spanish case. Therefore, based on official data provided by the Time Use Survey (TUS) and the Household Budget Survey (HBS), an effort has been made to identify, through multivariate models, the individual factors that determined certain expressions of family solidarity and their participation and intensity of time and money transfers among family members in one of the most critical moments of this crisis in Spain (2009/2010). The results question the idea that the unemployed and the retired have been net recipients during the crisis, revealing that it is insufficient to consider only a single manifestation of solidarity, the financial one, when accounting for the wide range of support and transfers that circulate among family members.

Morálny rozmer solidarity v diele svätého Tomáša z Villanovy vo svetle encykliky Deus caritas est

This work is aimed around the perception of values of solidarity in the sermons of St. Thomas of Villanova (1486 –1555). The encyclical letter Deus caritas est of Pope Benedict XVI serves as a methodological base for the identification of solidarity content in the work of St. Thomas of Villanova. The work presents the following questions in preaching in the sixteenth century in Spain: the foundation of solidarity, the role of Christian charity in the solidarity discourse and the formation of solidarity structures. The sermons of St. Thomas of Villanova place an emphasis on internal dialogue and creativity in manifestations of solidarity, which suggests the moral and dynamic perception of solidarity.

Solidarity as a Field of Political Contention: Insights from Local Reception Realities

Reception realities are marked by contentious moves and a strong degree of politicization. Claims made for the inclusion/exclusion of asylum seekers frame the activities of local solidarity initiatives. Based on a set of data on newly opened accommodation centres since 2015 as well as comparative case studies conducted in small-scale and predominantly rural municipalities in Austria, this research explores the characteristics and manifestations of solidarity in the context of asylum. Results show how claims of solidarity are under pressure as they are deeply rooted in exclusionary frames of deservingness on the one hand and federal disputes about the adequate management of asylum systems on the other.

La reconfiguración del mapa de la pobreza multidimensional en Chile

El objetivo de este artículo es caracterizar la situación de pobreza en Chile según la métrica de la perspectiva multidimensional. Como resultados se obtuvieron que a nivel general las carencias están más acentuadas en zonas rurales y que se agudizan al utili-zar indicadores multinivel. Desde este enfoque, los indicadores de mayor precariedad y relevancia son educación, trabajo y vivienda. Se plantea que pese a la precariedad económica y el acceso restringido de bienes y servicios en los medios rurales, estos continúan siendo un espacio donde las manifestaciones de solidaridad y de bienestar subjetiva alcanzan mayor intensidad respecto a la ciudad. Se concluye que, no obstante las reconocidas limitaciones de la incipiente perspectiva multidimensional, este nuevo enfoque diversifica analíticamente y aporta mayor densidad a la comprensión y abor-daje de la pobreza en Chile.

Worlds of welfare collide

The post-2007 financial crisis has brought renewed interest in a European Unemployment Benefit Scheme (EUBS) as a manifestation of solidarity between citizens of different Member States and an economic stabiliser in the event of future asymmetric shocks. The EU-wide benefit would operate in tandem with existing national unemployment benefits. This creates challenges of compatibility given the diversity of approaches to social security within the Union, based on at least four philosophies of welfare: liberal, conservative, social democratic and southern European. This article examines potential legal, operational and political difficulties associated with marrying a EUBS that is at heart a conservative system of social insurance to the UK’s liberal welfare state. Few legal obstacles exist and although the addition of a new, earnings-related benefit to an already complex mix of social protection would raise significant operational issues, these need not be insurmountable. However, fundamental ideological differences would have rendered the EUBS as proposed politically ill-matched with the UK even absent the June 2016 vote to leave the EU. A contributory income maintenance benefit is a poor fit with a residual, largely means-tested national system whose role is limited to offering protection against severe poverty while maintaining work incentives and minimising costs.

Worlds of Welfare Collide: Implementing a European Unemployment Benefit Scheme in the UK

The post-2007 financial crisis has brought renewed interest in a European Unemployment Benefit Scheme (EUBS) as a manifestation of solidarity between citizens of different member states and an economic stabiliser in the event of future asymmetric shocks. The EU-wide benefit would operate in tandem with existing national unemployment benefits. This creates challenges of compatibility given the diversity of approaches to social security within the Union, based on at least four philosophies of welfare: liberal, conservative, social democratic and southern European. This article examines potential legal, operational and political difficulties associated with marrying a EUBS that is at heart a conservative system of social insurance to the UK’s liberal welfare state. Few legal obstacles exist and although the addition of a new, earnings-related benefit to an already complex mix of social protection would raise significant operational issues, these need not be insurmountable. However, fundamental ideological differences would have rendered the EUBS as proposed politically ill-matched with the UK even absent the June 2016 vote to leave the EU. A contributory income maintenance benefit is a poor fit with a residual, largely means-tested national system whose role is limited to offering protection against severe poverty while maintaining work incentives and minimising costs.