Manifestation Of Beliefs Research Articles

Birth Care Belief Practices: Traditional Mother–Child Care During Birth in Rural Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract This article analyses the birth care beliefs practiced in a Punjabi village. Birth care is an important practice that ensures a safe and uncomplicated birth for both mother and child. The study presents an in-depth exploration of the human–divine connection and its symbolic manifestation in birth care rituals in rural Muslim communities. Utilising unstructured interviews with midwives, mothers, elderly women, and an imam, the research sheds light on the essential role of religious prayers, Quran recitation, charity, as well simulative imagery and amulets within the cultural care system of rural Punjab. Words, symbols, objects, and symbolic expressions emerge as powerful tools in facilitating faith healing and enhancing its perceived efficacy. The research deepens our understanding of the faith-based birth care process and highlights the essential interdependence of the human– divine connection and symbolic expression (manifestation of belief) within faith-based birth care practices.

Discrimination and Manifestation of Belief: Higgs v Farmor's School [2023] EAT 89

Discrimination and Manifestation of Belief: Higgs v Farmor's School [2023] EAT 89

Связь отношения к глобальным рискам с верой в паранормальное и самоэффективностью у студенческой молодежи

Background. There is a growing concern about global risks, including among young people in the modern world. At the same time, there also appears information about the wide spread of superstitions and other variants of belief in the paranormal among young people. The appeal to the paranormal occurs primarily in situations of instability and is aimed at reducing anxiety and achieving a sense of security. However, there is still an unspecified question about the nature of the relationship between the attitude to global risks and a number of personal characteristics, including belief in the paranormal and self-efficacy, which in terms of active actions can be considered as the opposite of superstition. Objective. The goal is to identify the specifics of the relationship between attitudes to global risks and the belief in the paranormal and self-efficacy among students. Methods. The empirical research was conducted in an online format using psychodiagnostic techniques: “The scale of belief in the paranormal” by J. Tobacyk in the adaptation of D.S. Grigoriev, “The scale of general self-efficacy” by R. Schwarzer and M. Yerusalem in the adaptation of V.G. Romek, the questionnaire “Attitude to global risks” by T.A. Nestik. Statistically significant connections between the structural components of the attitude to global risks with the variants of belief in the paranormal and the personal evaluation of self-efficacy among students were established. Results. It is found that the attitude of students to global risks is associated with various manifestations of belief in the paranormal. The strongest positive links were found in such components of the attitude to global risks as religious authoritarianism and apocalypticism. On the contrary, negative connections are recorded between the readiness to participate in risk prevention, on the one hand, and faith in predictions and the traditional religious belief of students, on the other hand. A positive relationship between self-efficacy and the cognitive components of the attitude to global risks — optimism and religious authoritarianism — was also found. Conclusions. The results obtained indicate the substantial proximity of religious authoritarianism and apocalypticism with a belief in the supernatural among students. At the same time, general self-efficacy is a personal characteristic associated with optimism and religious authoritarianism as a strategy for preventing global risks and threats.

Manifestation of Belief and the “Liberal” Law of Religion: Why It Is Time to Rethink the Status-Quo?

Abstract Manifestation of belief is a key component of religious freedom, however in modern pluralist states there are inherent conflicts between practices of the more religious minorities and those of the secular majority. In attempting to mediate those conflicts judges have been faced with the sensitive task of determining the extent to which a particular symbol or practice is worthy of protection by the law. The case law arising from this process has produced some inconsistencies and has shown that not all symbols are equal before the law. As a matter of practice, the law of religion is based on liberal values which tend to favour faith based on orthodoxy over orthopraxy. This article argues that the time has come for a remodelling of the current approach to manifestation of religion and belief and puts forward a holistic approach which considers religion as an element of identity and as such ascribed rather than merely a life choice. It explores the possibility of a modification of current legal tests which would give way to this approach. The argument is considered from three different perspectives namely the emphasis on autonomy within the “liberal law of religion,” the religious vs. secular binary present within the courts’ approach and the difficulty of defining religion and belief.

The The European Court of Human Rights’ Approach in the Protection of Rights of Religious Minority Groups

The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) is reluctant to distinguish the group right qua group. However, it is impossible to ignore the group dimension in the right to freedom of religion. Such a dimension is clearer in the manifestation of beliefs, which require more common practices than mere beliefs. The Court's decisions when dealing with the freedom of religion tend to be inconsistent because it considers the unique social and political situation of each member state. This limits the scope of the right to freedom of religion and the range of protection of a group's religious rights. Using a literature review and analyzing the case law, this paper highlights the inconsistencies in the Court’s decisions in relation to acknowledging minorities’ religious rights.

SURVEY AKHLAK SISWA SMA NEGERI DI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH

<p>This study aims to measure the akhlak index of state senior high school students in Central Java. This research is a quantitative survey of 1,202 state senior high school students in Central Java. The research findings show that akhlak is a physical activity as a manifestation of belief in carrying out the teachings of Islam. This student's akhlak limits itself to the activities of state senior high school students that are observed, not to things that are psychological. Based on the research, the akhlak index of state senior high school students in Central Java was 3.18. Of the five akhlakl dimensions (1) akhlak to Allah / Rasulullah is 2.82 (2) akhlak to oneself is 3.27 (3) akhlak to friends is 3.16 (4) akhlak to parents / teachers is 3, 40 (5) akhlak for the environment at 3.27. Of these five dimensions which are classified as low are akhlak towards Allah / Rasulullah.</p>

Teses docentes sobre o processo de ensinar e aprender ciências

Evidenciamos neste texto os resultados de uma pesquisa de doutorado, que investigou um processo formativo oferecido aos professores que iniciam na carreira docente da rede municipal de ensino do Rio de Janeiro, focalizando as estratégias metodológicas para o ensino de Ciências. Nossos objetivos englobaram a identificação das estratégias didáticas para o ensino de Ciências e a percepção dos professores quanto ao processo de aprendizagem da docência, tendo em vista a construção de teses docentes sobre ensino-aprendizagem. O caminho metodológico integrou questionários com questões abertas e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Elaboramos nessa investigação o termo teses docentes, isto é, uma forma reflexiva dos professores se expressarem. Assim sendo, reconhecemos os professores como portadores de conhecimentos fundamentados em suas práticas. A partir da triangulação dos materiais empíricos tecemos nossos resultados clarificando que o tensionamento de reflexões na dinâmica da formação de professores de Ciências poderá favorecer um clima emocional para interação no qual a manifestação das crenças e concepções tornar-se-á a base para refletir, desalojar e provocar formas outras de atuação comprometidas com a realidade.

INVESTIGATING AND STUDYING DECORATIVE ELEMENTS AND ARRAYS IN KABOOD AND GHAFARIEH DOME

Construction of tombs in the era of Islamic architecture was began as a manifestation of beliefs and rituals related to the honoring of the dead, along with other religious buildings including mosques, and almost proceed parallel to it. The various structural methods of the tombs have been structurally influenced by various cultural and material factors and passed a way along with the religious beliefs of the society. However, different opinions and votes have been allocated to the issue of tombs laws in Islamic jurisprudence, but the presence of many these buildings in many Islamic countries shows the special position of this structure in the Islamic society. Various types of Islamic decorative arts can be studied about Kabood and Ghafarieh domes which are one of the most beautiful historical domes of Iran. In this research, we tried to study some applied elements such as tiling (Kashi Kari) and brickwork. Also, some of the architectural elements in the domes of Maragheh such as polo that have not been observed in other Iranian buildings are not Iranian.

Analysis of Damage Incurred in Nine Months and Investigating Restoration Methods of Old Buildings in the Historic Texture of Tabriz Bazaar (Case Study: Shahidi-Rasta-Bazari)

The main aim of this research is to identify the worn and historic places of the Tabriz Bazaar that as a result, it identifies the type of the texture of Corridor including the historicity of the texture and other factors. Accordingly, architectural restoration is a branch of architecture which is based on identification and studying the historic texture and buildings and leads to the restoration of historic spaces in terms of structural and functional aspects. The buildings in the texture are important in terms of authentication and manifestation of beliefs, cultures, behaviors and social relations. The main goal of this research is to offer an appropriate strategic design for organization and better performance of the old and historic texture of Tabriz Bazaar. Tabriz Bazaar, with an area of about one km2, is the biggest covered traditional bazaar in the world. This bazaar was restored by the last governor of Tabriz, Najafgoli Khan Danbali, three centuries ago and after the earthquake in 1193 AH. Restoration of the market malls can be effective in the preservation and restoration of the historic fabric and the building structural life as full potential spaces in the cities in the form of structural strategic design and its connection to the texture. In the historical context of the Tabriz bazaar as a national capital (material and spiritual), there are several active and semi-active Serai. This research investigates the building. Examines the complications that have been caused problems and probable solutions and then proposes the texture restoration design according to the spatial and structural capabilities and a correct practical definition of the monument has been suggested. The goal is meet the needs of the community and changing the perception of the inhabitants of the texture of the old buildings, it also provided protection for the building. The final design consists of a macro-to-small solution, Due to the location of valuable buildings in the old Tabriz texture, Particularly valuable corridors in the historical context of the bazaar have been tried first by introducing the scope and importance of conservation and restoration, identifying and examining the materials used in these historical buildings, Their purposefulness, familiarity with Shahidi-Rasta-Bazari, and the pathology and technology of this building, and ultimately provide the new protective and protective methods that are the main objectives of the project. The research method was applied in terms of goal and descriptive and analytical in terms of methodology and the data were collected through library and field method and the data were analyzed qualitatively.

О рациональной иррациональности

The article reviews the theory of rational irrationality according to which people might retain irrational beliefs indefinitely if the material costs of error are minimal. Irrational beliefs mean systematic rather than random errors. Voters frequently vote according to their embedded prejudices because the private costs of their errors are equal to zero. Zero costs are the result of practically zero chance to be decisive voter: the single vote has no effect on the election outcome. In this case it is rational to receive psychological benefits from manifestation of beliefs taking any devastating decisions at the poll station. As a result political irrationality may be compared with environment pollution. In both cases, the private benefits of self-restraints are absent. The burden of welfare state in the West and massive support of counter-sanctions in Russia reveal voter's rational irrationality. For the welfare state vote and those for whom tax increase is expensive: in fact, each of the losers know that his personal choice in the voting does not affect the result. Instead they satisfy their sense of justice. The situation with the popular support of counter-sanctions in Russia is rather similar. Psychological benefits as the result of symbolic counter-sanctions support are clearly not zero in contrast to the costs of personal choice at the national elections where the weight of single vote means nothing, An analysis of voter behavior clearly shows that universal and unrestricted suffrage allows irrational beliefs of the masses to form an ineffective policy. From the standpoint of economic theory, it is equivalent to negative externalities.

Feminist Theology and the Theology of the Eucharist – A Quantum Leap?

This paper is based on the findings of my PhD research into at the effect of participation in the Roman Catholic Sacrament of the Eucharist on the formation of subjectivity viewed from the perspective of Feminist Liberation Theology. Taking Eucharist as a communal manifestation of belief in communion with the divine celebrated through symbolic liturgical enactments of thanksgiving and praise I am exploring the link between Feminist Relational Theologies and new findings in Cosmology and Quantum Theology that highlight interdependence and relationality as basic to our understanding of ourselves and the nature of the divine. Subsequently the contribution of these theologies that offer the possibility of a more expansive and inclusive interpretation of the meaning transmitted by the symbols used in Eucharistic gatherings might provide a space where the indwelling of the divine in all its diverse manifestations can be recognized and celebrated.

Urban Environment and Human Behaviour: Learning from History and Local Wisdom

The wisdoms of building traditions in Southeast Asia is the rational outcome of local climate, available building materials, articulation of building typologies, development of construction techniques, manifestation of beliefs and rituals, cosmopolitan urban culture, tangible and intangible traditions, and lessons of sustainability learned over many generations. This keynote paper discusses various examples on different scale levels of urban environment and focuses on how we can learn from history, real experiences, and local wisdoms on tangible efforts to achieve environmental, cultural, and economic sustainability in holistic way.

Understanding the Freedom of Religion in a Religious Industry: Kosher Slaughter (Shechita) and Animal Welfare

The legality of ritual slaughter rests upon both law and merits. On the one hand, the international freedom of religion requires that communities can obtain meat of a suitable standard, and on the other, current scientific literature indicates that any distinct risks to animal welfare are manageable. Despite this, ritual slaughter remains controversial, particularly Jewish kosher slaughter (Shechita), for which electrical pre-stunning before throat-cutting – arguably the sine qua non of welfare risk management – is incompatible. Through a mixture of theological, legal, and scientific argument, this paper examines the level of protection Shechita receives as a manifestation of belief, with particular reference to developments in Australia and New Zealand.

‘Aqidah al-Tauh id ‘Inda Ibn Taimiyah

There were various explications of the concept of tawhid presented by Muslim scholars in the past, especially among mutakallimun and falasifah, but most of them emphasized on the unity of essence, attribute activities. Ibn Taymiyyah is one of the most celebrated Muslim theologians and regarded by some as mujaddid or reformer on Islamic theological thought. His reformative thought could be discerned from his concept oftawhid, which is deemed unique and worthy of further studies. However, it is not only of his concept that he was regarded as reformer, but also his framework of theological studies. The method employed in this research is literary studies, yet it is also supported by historical, descriptive, inductive and critical analytical method. The finding of this research is that Ibn Taimiyyah’s concept of tawhidconsists of unity of God, unity of Allah worship and the unity of essence and attribute. The first means the belief existence of God as the Creator; the second is the manifestation of belief in the form worship by heart, speech and good deed; the last one is belief in the perfect attributes of Allah based on the Qur’an and Sunnah. He also emphasized that one who does not believe in these three kinds of tawhid, or believe only in the unity of God could not save from the Hell. Regarding the framework, Ibn Taymiyyah restricts that the theological discourses should commit to the Qur’an and Hadits, rely on rational capacity of man, rebuff kalam interpretation and prever revelation from reason.

Religious Freedom in a Secular Society: An Analysis of the French Approach to Manifestation of Beliefs in the Public Sphere

Religious Freedom in a Secular Society: An Analysis of the French Approach to Manifestation of Beliefs in the Public Sphere

Stereotypowy obraz Polaków w powieści Romana Dmowskiego Dziedzictwo – ujęcie lingwistyczne

The present article provides an analysis of stereotyped features of Polish society as it was presented in the novel Dziedzictwo [Heritage] written by Roman Dmowski. The book is a manifesto of an extreme right outlook of its author and, at the same time, a manifestation of beliefs and biases of his fellow countrymen as of the inter-war period. The findings of the analysis accurately reconstruct the stereotype of the Pole as opposed to the presented images of other nations, the Jews in particular. R. Dmowski characterizes his fellow countrymen as a community and, additionally, also sketches portraits and provides extensive profiles of some of its typical representatives. This biased and stereotyped presentation of the protagonists of the novel results to a large extent from the persuasive function of the text.

Manifestation of Belief and Religious Symbols at School: Setting Boundaries in English Courts

AbstractSince the coming into force of the Human Rights Act 1998 on 2 October 2000, state schools as public authorities have been under an obligation to comply with the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, including the right to manifest ones' religion and beliefs as laid out in Article 9 of the convention. When devising their uniform policies, schools are therefore required to accommodate religious and cultural diversity. However, the extent to which they are required to do so has given rise to much litigation and debate. This article considers some of the theoretical implications underpinning the debate on religious symbols and manifestation of belief at school. It looks at the dilemma between the legal obligation for schools to allow the expression of cultural and religious diversity yet maintain cohesion and protect children from factional pressures related to various belief systems. It examines the extent to which human rights law can help to resolve the issue and looks also at the way the Human Rights Act itself has emerged as a conduit for crises of religious and ethnic identity in contemporary society.

Manifestation of Belief and Religious Symbols at Schools: Setting Boundaries in English Courts

Since the coming into force of the Human Rights Act 1998 on 2 October 2000, state schools as public authorities have been under an obligation to comply with the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, including the right to manifest ones' religion and beliefs as laid out in Article 9 of the convention. When devising their uniform policies, schools are therefore required to accommodate religious and cultural diversity. However, the extent to which they are required to do so has given rise to much litigation and debate. This paper considers some of the theoretical implications underpinning the debate on religious symbols and manifestation of belief at school. It looks at the dilemma between the legal obligation for schools to allow the expression of cultural and religious diversity yet maintain cohesion and protect children from factional pressures related to various belief systems. It examines the extent to which human rights law can help to resolve the issue and looks also at the way the HRA itself has emerged as a conduit for crises of religious and ethnic identity in contemporary society.

RELIGION AND ETHNICITY: COMMUNITY FORMATION IN THE BRITISH ALEVI COMMUNITY

AbstractThe article explores the Alevi community, a little-studied Muslim-influenced heterogeneous religious tradition whose roots are in Eastern Turkey, and provides recent fieldwork of the Alevi presence in London which has appeared through migration since the 1980s. This community development is compared with the older Alevi community in Istanbul. The intention is to use the high number of Alevis who live in diaspora communities to analyse the relationship between religion and ethnicity. The author argues, that even though the Alevi revival that has manifested since the 1990s and in which Alevi youth participate visibly, appears to be cultural rather than religious, closer examination of Alevi religious traditions indicates that the forms taken by the revival have their roots in traditional Alevi spiritual beliefs and practices in which values of tolerance, heterodoxy, freedom and justice prevail. The article concludes that although Alevi youth appear to be diverging significantly from their Sunni Muslim counterparts in their respective identity quests, religion plays a significant role for both although the manifestations of revival are almost diametrically opposed. This can be explained by the different manifestations of belief and practice in each community.

N'angas, Varoyi and Midzimu: The Institutionalization of Traditional Beliefs in the Zimbabwe National Army

This article challenges the notion of the military as a bureaucratic institution through an examination of the institutionalization of beliefs in the power of diviner-healers, ancestral spirits, and witches in the Zimbabwe National Army (ZNA). The findings are based upon twenty qualitative interviews with members of the elite Paragroup of the ZNA. Findings show that traditional beliefs play a role in intelligence gathering, leadership, individual protection, and explaining mysterious events in the operational arena. Off the battlefield, traditional beliefs influence promotions and combat service, and mediate conflicts between the military and society. It was also found that the manifestation of beliefs depends in part on the combat environment and leadership, while the rejection of beliefs is attributed to technology, training, and personal history. In conclusion, it is shown that apparently nonrational beliefs are effectively institutionalized into the ZNA.