Manifestations In Oral Cavity Research Articles

Quality Of Life In Patients With Schizophrenia Disorder Exhibiting Manifestations In Oral Cavity During Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Corona Virus Disease 19 And Omicron Pandemic Era: An Original Research

Quality Of Life In Patients With Schizophrenia Disorder Exhibiting Manifestations In Oral Cavity During Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Corona Virus Disease 19 And Omicron Pandemic Era: An Original Research

An interesting case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis with manifestation in oral cavity

An interesting case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis with manifestation in oral cavity

Palatal manifestations of Langerhan cell histicytosis in pediatric age: a case report with review of literature

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is characterised by multisystem disorder with various entities grouped together under same name. Oral cavity manifestations of this disease is yet to be explored. In oral cavity it can present with ulceration, swelling or osteolysis of underlying bone. Oral cavity involvement due to LCH might confuse the examining doctor resulting in misdiagnosis of such dreadful disease. So here we are reporting a case of LCH in a 4 years old female presented to us with ulceration over hard palate mucosa. Biopsy was taken from the ulcer site which was positive for LCH. On further examination and evaluation of the patient multisystem involvement was found with involvement of skull bone.

Oral cavity manifestations in coronavirus disease 2019 patients: A COVID hospital-based study

Oral cavity manifestations in coronavirus disease 2019 patients: A COVID hospital-based study

SARS-COV-2 TREATMENT WITH HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE AND VITAMIN C: COMPARATIVE RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF ORAL MUCOSAL CHANGES BY HEMATOLOGY TESTING DURING TWO PERIODS

Objectives. To compare two methods of COVID-19 treatment based on hematology test results and oral cavity manifestations. Materials and methods. The first part of the study included patients in the period from May to July 2020 with coronavirus infection; another part of the study was conducted in the period from August to October 2020. Two groups received different treatment: 1) with hydroxychloroquine and 2) with without hydroxychloroquine. Results. C-reactive protein was elevated in 173 (89%) in the hydroxychloroquine group and in 30 (81%) patients in group without hydroxychloroquine (p<.01). As well, INR, Quick prothrombin, D-dimer and neutrophils were statistically different. Hydroxychloroquine treatment showed a decrease in symptoms within 7-10 days while Vitamin C protocol demonstrated health improvements in 4-5 days. Patients from hydroxychloroquine group demonstrated pigmentation in the attached gingiva on both maxilla and mandibula (n=80; 41.4%) and in hard palate (n=3; 1.5%) Lentigo was revealed in 23 (10.8%) patients in both lips. None of the patients from the second group had any of manifestations. Conclusion. Oral changes are not primary in the oral cavity in COVID-19.

Effects of Iron Accumulation on Dental Caries, Gingivitis, and Candida albicans Infection in Children with Beta Thalassemia Major: A Narrative Review

Background. Thalassemia is a common inherited hemolytic disorder characterized by the absence or reduction of one of the globin chains. Beta thalassemia major generally has oral cavity manifestations. Patients with beta thalassemia major often require routine blood transfusion. However, this treatment has the side effect of accumulating iron in the salivary glands, which increase the risk of dental caries, gingivitis, and secondary infection from Candida albicans. Objective. The aim of this review is to explain the relationship of salivary iron levels and the effects of iron accumulation on dental caries, gingivitis, and Candida albicans infection. Methods. A comprehensive search was performed on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases using the keywords beta thalassemia major, iron, dental caries, gingivitis, Candida albicans. Results. Iron is an essential micronutrient needed by Candida albicans for its growth and virulence. Blood transfusion in patients with beta thalassemia major can lead to a buildup of iron in the salivary glands and trigger the formation of non-transferrin bound iron (NTBI). NTBI can circulate in plasma and form a reactive oxygen species (ROS) that stimulate the formation of biofilms and increase dental caries. ROS may affect several genes associated with the inflammatory process and increase the incidence of gingivitis. It can also reduce salivary secretion in patients with thalassemia-β major that cause dysbiosis, which triggers an overgrowth of Candida albicans. Conclusion. The excess iron in patients with beta thalassemia major increase the risk of dental caries, gingivitis, and Candida albicans infection.

Medicinski značaj protozoa usne duplje u stomatološkoj praksi

Introduction: Oral cavity is the colonization site of most diverse microorganisms. The homeostasis of oral microbioma is affected by numerous factors. Periodontal diseases occur as a consequence of disturbed oral microbioma homeostasis, when an inflammatory reaction occurs in the periodontal tissue. The impact of parasites on periodontal pathophysiology has not been sufficiently studied, and present and future research should hopefully answer quite a few questions concerning the issue. Aim of the paper: In the light of the present knowledge of the pathogenesis, diagnosis and epidemiology of oral cavity infections caused by Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax, the aim of the paper was review of literature which could to point to the importance of protozoa in the practice of dentistry and to possible oral cavity manifestations of parasitic infections relevant for public health. Conclusion: Dentists have an essential role in the diagnosis of oral diseases caused by oral cavity protozoa, and protozoa relevant for public health that produce systemic infections, the pathological changes of which may manifest in the oral cavity. Their identification represents a challenge and requires multidisciplinary approach for a timely diagnosis and adequate management.

Oral cavity manifestations by COVID-19 infections: a review

<p class="abstract">Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a threat to the global health caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The lungs are the primary site of infection in COVID-19 patient and the symptoms ranges from mild flu like manifestations to fulminant pneumonia and respiratory failure. COVID-19 infection also significantly affects the oral cavity and salivary glands with oral mucosal manifestations. Other than airway manifestations, COVID-19 patients are presenting with oral cavity lesions such as aphthous like ulcers, glossitis, oral mucositis or stomatitis, oral candidiasis and herpetic recurrences. These oral lesions are often associated with immunocompromised patients and elderly age. Direct involvement of the SARS-CoV-2 virus for development of oral ulcers remains uncertain. The salivary gland related symptoms and taste disturbances are highly common in COVID-19 patients. In COVID-19 patient, certain presentations like ulcers or blisters or diffuse reddish lesions affect both keratinized and non-keratinized tissues of the oral cavity. These lesions are found in palate, lip mucosa, buccal mucosa and tongue. The ulceration and blisters of the oral cavity are more often seen. There is still a gap of knowledge related to the oral manifestations of the COVID-19 infections and its impact on the oral cavity. This review article discussed the details of the oral cavity lesions in COVID-19 patients.</p>

Dental enamel defects and oral cavity manifestations in Asian patients with celiac disease.

While the small intestine is the main site of disease, many other organs are affected by celiac disease (CeD). Dental enamel defects (DED) are common in patients with CeD, and these are one of the indicators of CeD, even when no other symptom of CeD is present. Data on dental and oral cavity manifestations in Asian patients with CeDare scanty. The purpose of the current studywas to evaluate dental and oral manifestations in Asian patients with CeD. We recruited 118 patients with biopsy-confirmed CeD (36 treatment naïve and 82 onfollow-up forat least 1 year on gluten-free diet [GFD]) and 40 controls. Diagnosis was made as per the standard criteria. Oral and dental manifestations were evaluated by a dental surgeon. The DED were evaluated according to Aine's criteria. Overall higher number of patients with CeD (66.9%), both treatment naïve (69.4%) and those on GFD (65.8%) had DED in comparison to controls (20%) (odds ratio, 8.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.4-19.2; p<0.001). Specific/bilaterally symmetrical DED were significantly higher in patients with CeD than controls. Recurrent aphthous ulcers were also significantly higher in patients with CeD. Approximately 80.6% and 63.4% treatment-naïve patients and those on GFD, respectively reported dry mouth sensation, which was significantly higher than the controls. Almost two-third of patients with CeD had DED. Physicians and dietitians caring for patients with CeD should betrained in identification of DED and other oral manifestations of CeD.

АССОЦИАТИВНЫЕ ПАРАЛЛЕЛИ ВЗАИМОСВЯЗИ И ВЗАИМООБУСЛОВЛЕННОСТИ КЛИНИЧЕСКИХ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПАТОЛОГИИ С СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТЫМИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ

Subject. Diseases of the cardiovascular system are characterised by oral cavity manifestations which possible has inverse relationships. Prevalence and features of hard oral tissues, mucosa of the oral cavity and periodontium in cardiovascular patients is investigated. Aim — to form a list of main trends and scientific practical prospects related to cardiovascular diseases and dental pathology. Methods. In order to perform analysis of the studied topic, a review of 30 periodicals dated 2007-2019 was performed. Results. The analysis of Russian and foreign scientific literature resulted in formulation of three main groups of dental diseases with peculiarities in manifestations if IHD and HD: 1. Diseases of hard oral tissues; 2. Diseases of the mucous coat of the oral cavity; 3. Periodontium tissue diseases. Examination of oral cavity hygienic condition in CVD patients showed worse values in comparison with the control group. A major emphasis is placed on the role of C-reactive protein and the role of systemic inflammation in dental and cardiovascular pathology. Also, there is data regarding treatment of periodontium tissues and its influence on the cardiovascular system. Inverse interaction was noted: intake of medicines against the main pathology exerted influence on the oral cavity condition. Conclusion. The performed review of Russian and foreign literature makes it possible to conclude that the data presented is insufficient to draw any firm conclusion. Of principal interest are periodontium tissue diseases and their correlation with general somatic pathology, indicative of which is a significant number of practical researches devoted to this issue. However, the data analysed are of controversial character and do not make it possible to form a single trajectory for management of such patients and assessment of not only dental but also general somatic status of the patient.

PRIMARY MANIFESTATION OF ADULT T-CELL NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA ON THE TONGUE: CASE REPORT

Adult T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a rare malignant neoplasm that may be associated with human T- cell leukemia virus (HTLV) infection. Primary extranodal manifestations in oral cavity are uncommon, making early diagnosis difficult and consequently affecting disease prognosis. The aim of this study is to report a case of adult T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma associated with HTLV virus manifesting as a primary lesion on the tongue. A 55-year-old female patient presented an ulcerated lesion with hardened raised edges on the side of the tongue with characteristics similar to oral squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathological analysis demonstrated a mucosa with intense lymphocytic infiltrate and acanthosis of lining epithelium. Other complementary tests were requested, among which HTLV-positive serology was observed. Following the diagnosis of HTLV-associated T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, antiviral therapy for infection reduction and neoplasia control was initiated. The patient continues treatment and follow-up, without clinical manifestations of disease. Adult T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a rare malignant neoplasm that may be associated with human T- cell leukemia virus (HTLV) infection. Primary extranodal manifestations in oral cavity are uncommon, making early diagnosis difficult and consequently affecting disease prognosis. The aim of this study is to report a case of adult T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma associated with HTLV virus manifesting as a primary lesion on the tongue. A 55-year-old female patient presented an ulcerated lesion with hardened raised edges on the side of the tongue with characteristics similar to oral squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathological analysis demonstrated a mucosa with intense lymphocytic infiltrate and acanthosis of lining epithelium. Other complementary tests were requested, among which HTLV-positive serology was observed. Following the diagnosis of HTLV-associated T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, antiviral therapy for infection reduction and neoplasia control was initiated. The patient continues treatment and follow-up, without clinical manifestations of disease.

Challenges of oral medicine specialists at the time of COVID-19 pandemic.

Challenges of oral medicine specialists at the time of COVID-19 pandemic.

Predicting Neurological Disorders Linked to Oral Cavity Manifestations Using an IoMT-Based Optimized Neural Networks

Anatomically, oral cavity and central nervous system have a close relationship; the mouth and face are the location for 30–40% of the body’s sensory and motor nerves. The identification of orofacial manifestations of neurological disorders is usually in direct relation with the responsibilities of a dental surgeon. Therefore, familiarizing dental surgeons with theses manifestations is essential to have better recognition, diagnosis, and correct decisions upon treating their associated Neurological Disorders. These manifestations should be efficiently analyzed using novel effective techniques since their related neurological disorders need to be early identified to avoid serious consequences. Furthermore, preventive dental care for patients with neurological disorders and all kind of rehabilitative treatments necessitates well-planned and effective novel approaches. The Internet of Medical Thing (IoMT) is a relatively new technology that allows the transfer of medical data over a secure network of medical sensors and wearable devices. The data transferred are of utmost importance in diseases diagnosis and treatment. In this paper, an IoMT-based Intelligent Guided Particle Local Search with Optimized Neural Networks (IGPLONN) approach is proposed. Firstly, dental data are collected from the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR) oral cavity and central nervous system. Secondly, features are extracted from data and IGPLONN algorithm is utilized to select the effective features by minimizing the feature dimension that helps improve the overall prediction rate. Finally, the obtained features are transferred to the central health application through the IoMT platform where they can be analyzed by dental practitioners for neurological disorders prediction. The hybrid optimized technique improves the overall oral-linked neurological diseases detection rate. Moreover, it efficiently manages the forecast parameters that are used to predict the dental metastasis with minimum computational complexity. The performance of the proposed system has been experimentally evaluated on MATLAB to verify its excellence. The results revealed that proposed IoMT-based IGPLONN method attains the maximum accuracy of 98.3% compared to other methods.

Repercussions of diabetes mellitus on the oral cavity

AbstractOral health is a cardinal element of nutritional as well as systemic well-being and plays a substantial part in sustaining optimum general health condition. Various factors influence oral health including metabolic diseases such as endocrine (diabetes mellitus [DM]), hematological, gastrointestinal, cutaneous, and neurological diseases. The intent of this review is to accentuate the correlation between DM and oral disorders, like those upsetting oral mucosa and supporting tissues. A review of literature was performed using relevant key words (“Oral Manifestations of Diabetes” OR “Oral Complications of Diabetes” OR “Oral Impacts of Diabetes” OR “Oral Repercussions of Diabetes“) in prominent journals pertaining to Endocrinology and Dentistry (Journal of Periodontology, Periodontology 2000, British Dental Journal, The Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology, PloS ONE, and Nature Reviews Genetics). The most frequently witnessed diabetic manifestations in oral cavity include gingivitis and periodontitis leading to premature tooth loss, salivary dysfunctions, dental caries, delayed wound healing, bacterial and fungal infections, lichen planus, taste impairment, tongue abnormalities, neurosensory oral disorders, halitosis, and dry socket. In the end, I have comprehensively described the role of antidiabetic drugs in the management of DM and eventually leading to prevention of its oral complications. In this review, etiopathophysiology of each oral complication has been prudently analyzed to contemplate the establishment of a possible preventive and treatment approach.

Oral manifestations in stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia is a highly aggressive malignancy with a high morbidity rate, for which an accurate and rapid diagnostic is essential. Acute myeloid leukemia manifestations frequently include oral abnormalities. Still, there is a limited number of studies reporting the incidence of oral manifestations in acute leukemia, the prevalence of periodontal status and periodontal parameters in these patients. Our aim was to emphasize the importance of early recognition by the dental practitioners of oral cavity manifestations as signs of acute myeloid leukemia, so that prompt referral to the hematologists is being done, and appropriate treatment is offered.

THE EVALUATION OF RISK FACTORS RELATED TO PREVALENCE OF HIV-INFECTION AT DENTIST'S VISIT

The article considers issues of necessity of studying risk factors of spreading of IV-infection at dentist's visit in sate medical institutions and commercial stomatological structures. The data from publications concerning morbidity is presented. The clinical manifestations in oral cavity of patients with HIV-infection are studied. The analysis of efficiency of medical activities is presented. The recommendations concerning prevention of HIV-infection are given.

What happens when oral tuberculosis is not treated?

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is the most important form of the disease, although infection may also occur by way of the intestinal tract, tonsils and skin. Oral lesions consist of persistent ulcers or granulomatous masses. A 50 year old man had been diagnosed "necrotising granulomatous inflammation" following a biopsy of a lesion on lower lip, 21 months before at a medical centre. A chest-X-ray had not been performed and he had not been given any advise in respect of treatment. He was admitted to the hospital with cough, sputum, weakness, weight loss and lesions on his lower lip. In radiology, it was detected that he had supraclavicular, submental, cervical, mediastinal lymphadenopathies, pulmonary infiltrations with cavities, thickening and roughness on left oropharengial tonsil, thickenning on inner parts of larynx and bilateral surrenal thickening. The biopsy of lesions on larynx, tonsil and epiglottis revealed "necrotising granulomatous inflammation" and histopathology supported TB infection. Sputum acid-fast bacilli was positive and culture was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Two months of combination treatment resulted in a gradual relief of the symptoms, radiological response, disappearing of neck swelling and healing of lesions on lip, tonsil and larynx. Although unusual oral cavity manifestations of TB are rare, clinicians should be aware of possible occurrance.

Eating Disorders: Assessment of Knowledge on a Dentist’s Sample

Aim: To analyze the knowledge and experience of dentists with private practices in the Sassari district with regard to eating disorders and clinical stomatology manifestations. Methods: A questionnaire to investigate dentists’ knowledge and experience was created and submitted to a random sample of dentists. Data were collected and analysed using the Stata SE 10 software. Results: In total, 150 dentists were enrolled (a representative sample). After questionnaire evaluation, the following results were obtained: 80.7% (121) of the participants had a degree in dentistry and 19.3% (29) had degrees in medicine with a dentistry master of science diploma, 46% (69) were males and 54% (81) were females, their age range was 25-62 (mean, 36.1) years, and the average work experience was 11.5 (range, 1-36) years. More than 90% of the participants defined eating disorders only as bulimia and anorexia. Of the dentists, 77.3% (116) correctly identified Western populations as the most affected, whereas 52.7% identified only whites as the most affected people. In total, 80% of the dentists recognised dental erosion and abrasion as typical oral manifestations. Only 62% stated that salivary pH decreases in these conditions, and 63% did not recognise parotid gland tumefaction as a clinical sign. Regarding operator experience, 60.7% (91 dentists) had clinical experience of patients with eating disorders: 43.9% of them had made diagnoses from oral manifestations, 51.3% (77) were not able to treat these patients, and 69.3% (104) would refer patients to specialized centres for treatment. Moreover, 119 (79.3%) considered that a dental hygienist was a valid collaborator for the treatment of oral cavity manifestations. Regarding prophylaxis, 16.7% (25) suggested fluoride prophylaxis and 21.3% (32) oral hygiene education. Only 1.3% indicated the use of bicarbonate to change salivary pH values, suggested conservative or prosthetic restorations, suggested the use of saliva substitutes, or the sealing of permanent teeth. Difficulties in clinically treating these patients were related to a lack of knowledge for 72% (108) of participants. Of them, 36.7% (55) had studied the clinical aspects of this pathology while attending dental school and 24.7% (37) after their degree. In total, 94.7% (142) expressed the need for further information and only 2% (3) considered they had sufficient clinical knowledge. Conclusions: It is evident that there is a lack of knowledge regarding the problem and there would seem to be an urgent need to provide more training programs and to establish guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders among dentists. In our opinion, the acquisition of such knowledge will change the approach to related pathology, improving clinical skills, and subsequently diagnosis and treatment.

Orofacial and Skeletal Manifestations of Hypophosphatemic Rickets in Fanconi Bickel Syndrome

Wide array of systemic disorders have their manifestations in oral cavity. These disorders can be mainly syndromic, metabolic or congenital diseases. The dental features in these disorders can be expressed on a wider latitude from mild to extensive forms. Here is an incidence of a case of hypophosphatemic rickets in Fanconi Bickel syndrome with multiple oral and general phenotypic features.

Oral Cavity Manifestations of Visceral Leishmaniasis

Oral Cavity Manifestations of Visceral Leishmaniasis