Mandya District Research Articles

Soil Quality Assessment and Its Spatial Variability in an Intensively Cultivated Area in India

Intensive agricultural practices lead to a deterioration in soil quality, causing a decline in farm productivity and quality, and disturbing the ecosystem balance in command areas. To achieve sustainable production and implement effective soil management strategies, understanding the state and spatial variability of soil quality is essential. The study aims to enhance the understanding of soil quality variability and provide actionable insights for sustainable soil management. In this regard, principal component analysis (PCA) and digital soil mapping were used to assess and map the spatial variability of the soil quality index (SQI) in the Cauvery command area, Mandya district, Karnataka, India. A total of 145 georeferenced soil samples were drawn at 0–15 cm depth and analyzed for physico-chemical properties. PCA was used to reduce the dataset into a minimum dataset as eight important soil indicators and to determine relative weightage factors, which were used for assessing SQI with linear and non-linear scoring methods. For spatial assessment of SQI, the random forest algorithm with environmental covariates was used to map eight soil indicators selected in the minimum dataset. The soil property maps were subjected to linear and non-linear scoring, followed by multiplying with corresponding weightage factors and summation to produce SQI maps. Results reveal that values of SQI calculated using linear scoring, range from 0.10 to 0.64, with a mean of 0.39, while non-linear scoring exhibits a wider range of 0.12 to 0.78 and a mean of 0.48. With a slight higher sensitivity index of 6.5, non-linear scoring proved to be the better scoring method compared to linear scoring. Spatial assessment shows that the R2 and LCC between the calculated and predicted SQI were higher for non-linear scoring (0.66 and 0.66) compared to linear scoring (0.60 and 0.65). The SQI maps reveal high spatial variability with more than 40 percent of soils classified as moderate-to-low index. The soils with low SQI were distributed in eastern parts, whereas western parts exhibited high-to-very-high soil quality. To achieve production goals and improve soil quality in the eastern region, sustainable soil and crop management strategies must be developed, and their effects on soil quality should be assessed.

CRISIS MITIGATION MECHANISM AND TRAINING NEED OF SUGARCANE GROWERS- AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

A study was conducted to find out the Crisis Mitigation Mechanisms and Training needs of Sugarcane growers in Southern Karnataka during 2022-23. Mandya and Mysore district of Karnataka were selected purposively for the study. Mandya and Maddur blocks in Mandya district and Nanjanagud and Narasipura blocks in Mysore district were selected randomly. Eight villages, two from each block and 120 sugarcane growers, 15 from each village, with minimum five years of experience in sugarcane cultivation were selected as respondents randomly. Blocks, villages and respondents are selected through multistage simple random sampling. Data were collected with structured interview schedule through physical interview method. Statistical tools like frequency, percentage, SD, CV, RBQ, equidistant method was used for data analysis. Food grains, fuel storage followed by fodder storage and relocating to safer places are usually adopted as mitigation measures. They are less aware about various crisis mitigation mechanism to be taken at individual level like contingency crop planning, crop insurance etc. 50 per cent of the sugarcane growers belongs to medium crisis mitigation mechanism adoption category. It was found that they were in need of trainings on IPM, INM, organic farming, entrepreneurship and community disaster management. Training about individual approaches like contingency crop plannings, crop insurance and community approaches of disaster for crisis management to be provided. 43.33 per cent of the sugarcane growers were in high need of training for crisis management. Price crisis was the major crisis faced by farmers followed by labour and finance crisis. Provision of strict law from government to stop delayed payment by factories and maintaining uniform price for sugarcane farmers to be introduced.

Assessment of Mechanization Index of Sugarcane Cultivation in Mandya District, Karnataka, India

Farm mechanization is the development and introduction of mechanized assistance of all forms and at any level of sophistication in agricultural production to improve the efficiency of human time and labour. Mandya District is one of the most agriculturally prosperous districts in Karnataka. Sugarcane is the major commercial crop in the district. Farmers used to grow in all seasons. This study was carried out to assess the mechanization index in sugarcane cultivation in selected regions. Respondents from the selected region were selected randomly and collected information regarding types of machinery availability and usage in sugarcane cultivation. The overall mechanization index found 50.5 per cent in sugarcane cultivation in selected regions. The findings indicate that the process of laying seed beds had the highest mechanisation index (98.46 per cent), followed by irrigation (97.37 per cent) and weeding/spraying operations (57.81 per cent). Semi medium farmers found high mechanization index followed by medium, small and marginal farmers. The mechanization index was not uniform in selected region for all operations in sugarcane cultivation. Seedbed preparation found higher mechanization index followed by irrigation and weeding operation and zero per cent mechanization index for planting and harvesting operations of sugarcane. The results clearly depicted the importance of the farm mechanization in realizing additional profit to the farmers.

Availability, utilization and challenges for implementation of Nikshay Mitra scheme in Mandya district of Karnataka: A cross-sectional mixed method concurrent evaluation study

BackgroundNTEP has launched Nikshay Mitra to link patients in need (providing consent for donation) with a willing donor to provide food items including locally available, culturally accepted, nutritious food kits worth Rs 800 every month, till the completion of treatment. It has been around six months since the launch of this scheme and complaints related to the regularity of the supply of nutritional kits are surfacing. Our study aims to describe availability and utilization pattern of the Nikshay Mitra scheme and explore provider challenges for its implementation in Mandya District. MethodsA mixed-method study was conducted on 255 TB patients from Mandya district. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit details related to socio-demography, Nikshay Mitra utilization pattern and beneficiary experience. Qualitative data collection was done using FGD and matrix ranking methods. ResultsThe majority (25.49%) were in the age group of 56–65 years. Only 140(54.90%) participants were informed about the scheme. Among the informed, 117(83.57%) patients gave consent to enrol into the scheme. Out of those who consented, 97(82.90%) were receiving the Monthly food kit. Major challenges expressed on FGD were stigma related to disease, concerns regarding confidentiality, difficulty in retaining the donors and interrupted supply. Participants also felt that the quantity of the kit was not sufficient. ConclusionNikshay Mitra scheme is a new endeavour. There are still issues that must be resolved to optimize availability and utilization pattern. Though the initial identification of donors was smooth, continued support is not possible by current guidelines.

Impact of Drip Irrigation in Sugarcane Cultivation in Mandya District of Karnataka, India

This study investigates the impact of drip irrigation on sugarcane cultivation in Mandya district, Karnataka, considering the challenges posed by traditional flood irrigation methods and the increasing demand for water resources. The research compares the adoption of drip and flood irrigation, analyzing socio-economic characteristics, cropping patterns, and the comparative economics of sugarcane cultivation under both methods. Externality concept and Partial budgeting technique was emphasized to estimate the additional benefit derived from drip irrigation over flood irrigation. The study reveals that drip irrigation leads to higher water use efficiency, improved crop quality, and environmental sustainability. The adoption of drip irrigation in sugarcane cultivation results in significant economic benefits, with higher net returns and increased yields then farmers following flood irrigation. The findings highlight the positive externality associated with drip irrigation, contributing to water conservation, reduced labor costs, and increased agricultural sustainability with an additional benefit of around Rs. 41,000 derived due to drip adoption over flood irrigation in Sugarcane cultivation. As Karnataka faces evolving challenges in agriculture, the widespread adoption of drip irrigation emerges as a pivotal factor in ensuring the prosperity of sugarcane cultivation and addressing environmental concerns.

DEVELOPMENT OF GRADE LEVEL ASSESSMENT TOOL IN SOCIAL SCIENCE (GLAT-SS) FOR GRADE VII &VIII BASED ON KARNATAKA STATE EDUCATION BOARD FOR TYPICALLY DEVELOPING CHILDREN AND CHILDREN WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT

The aim of the present study was to develop the Grade Level Assessment Tool in Social Science (GLAT-SS) for the Karnataka State Education Board's grades VII and VIII employing a survey design. The study's target population consisted of 29 schools spread across five districts in Karnataka. Purposive sampling technique was employed to select participants for the study.In the study, a total 866 typically developing children from five districts (Mysore, Chamarajnagar, Mandya, Bengaluru & Kalaburagi) of Karnataka State participated. For the pilot study, 100 typically developing children participated and 766 typically developing children studying in Grade VII & VIII from five districts of Karnataka State participated in the final data collection, among them 263 students (154 English and 109 Kannada) were from Mysuru district; 82 students (English medium) were from Chamrajnagara district; 12 students (English medium) from Mandya district; and 32 students (25 English and 07 Kannada) were from Bengaluru district participated.
 The final analysis and interpretations of results reveal that There is significant difference found in performance of Grade Level Assessment Test (GLAT-SS) in Social Science between Typically Developing students and students with Hearing Impairment grade VII & VIII students studying in English Medium as well as Kannada Medium.

Knowledge Assessment of Beneficiary Farmers of Technical Service Centres (TSCs) about Recommended Technologies of Sericulture in Karnataka State of India

Sericulture in Karnataka is in the process of modernization in many phases through new demand driven extension approach called Technical Service Centres (TSCs) located at the grass-root level (Hobli and Taluka level). These centres are mainly involved in the dissemination of the technologies developed by the Research Institutes and also in supply of mulberry cuttings/saplings, monitoring mulberry cultivation, silkworm rearing and providing information about loan facilities and subsidy schemes. There is a need to study the attitude of sericulture beneficiary farmers towards activities of TSCs. The study was conducted during 2018-20 in the Karnataka state which contribute 35 per cent of silk production in India. An ex-post facto research design was used or the study. Knowledge test was constructed to measure the knowledge of sericulture farmers on recommended sericulture technologies. The Ramanagara and Mandya districts were selected because these district have highest number of TSCs in Bangalore and Mysore division respectively. Mandya, Malavalli and K.R Pet taluks from Mandya district as well as Ramanagara, Channapatna and Kanakapura taluks from Ramanagara district were selected for the study with four TSCs from each taluk. Totally, 24 TSCs were selected for the study. Ten sericulture farmers under each TSC, collectively 240, were selected by using random sampling method. The study highlighted that more than half (52.50%) and more than one third (36.25%) of the sericulture farmers had medium and high knowledge on recommended technologies of sericulture respectively. Only just more than one tenth (11.25%) of the sericulture farmers had low knowledge on recommended technologies of sericulture. The probable reason might be due to fact that sericulture farmers were regularly consulting from officials of grainage centres, TSC extension functionaries, input dealers and peer group about the information on latest sericulture technologies.

An Application of Social Accounting Matrix to Analyse the Growth Linkages of Sericulture in a Village Economy

Sericulture is an important avenue in rural areas. Karnataka stands second in position in the mulberry silk production of the country during 2020-21. The study describes constructing a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) framework for Naguvanahalli village, Mandya district, Karnataka state, to understand the effect of investment in sericulture on the income distribution of the selected village economy. Sericulture is practised in the Naguvanahalli village through the State Department of Sericulture, Karnataka, and Central Silk Board, Bangalore. Purposive sampling was adopted for data collection from 30 households and 42 economic agents during 2020-21. The SAM framework provides inter-sectoral linkages across the sectors within the village. With `10 lakhs further investment in sericulture as a simulation, there was an impact of 1.82 per cent rise in the aggregate volume of transactions or `14,26,100, implying 4754 labour days or full-time employment to 14 households for 320 employment days per annum per household. The indirect impact on labour employment was 71.17 per cent of the effect of 1.82 per cent. The promotion of sericulture succeeded in generating higher employment and income multipliers, but it still requires strengthened awareness creation in the village.

Floristic Studies on Karekura Village, Srirangapatna Taluk, Mandya District, Karnataka

Abstract: A total of 133 species spanning 119 genera and 46 families have been identified in the Karekura village, Srirangapatna taluk, Mandya district, Karnataka. Dicotyledons make up 40 families, 103 genera and 108 species. There are 6 families, 14 genera and 14 species represented by monocotyledons. The Asteraceae family, which has 15 species is the most prevalent family out of the 46 families gathered.

Geospatial Illustration of Groundwater Potential Zone in Pandavapura Taluk of Mandya District, India.

The current research delineates groundwater potentiality in the Pandavapura taluk to facilitate sustainable groundwater management. Multiple data layers were obtained from various sources and weighted using an Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP). Then overlay using the Union tool in Arc GIS 10.8. This process resulted in a classified groundwater potential zone layer, which was classified into five categories. The results of this research were then validated utilizing 10-year pre and post-monsoon water depth data. The findings indicate that geospatial technologies and AHP can effectively delineate potential groundwater zones.

Serum Lipid Profile among Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Patients in a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital

BACKGROUND
 This study was conducted to evaluate the serum lipid profile in different grades of POAG patients and describe the demographic profile of POAG patients.
 METHODS
 This was a hospital based observational study comprising of 80 eyes of 40 POAG patients who visited OPD in the Department of Ophthalmology, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, B.G. Nagara, Mandya District, over a period of 18 months from March 2021 to August 2022 after obtaining clearance from the institutional ethics committee and written informed consent from the study participants.
 RESULTS
 Of the 40 study participants, males constituted 62.5% (n=25) and females 32.5% (n=13) in the age group of 70 to 80 years 30% of patients had normal vision; the rest had visual impairments ranging from mild to total blindness. High cholesterol levels were present in 27.5% (n=11), high triglyceride in 42.5% (n=17), low HDL levels were present in 40% (n=16), High LDL levels were observed among 30% (n=12) of participants and high VLDL in 57.5% (n=23). The differences in the distribution of different grades of POAG with respect to different levels of total cholesterol and LDL were not significant, with p-values of 0.202 and 0.123 respectively. However, it was statistically significant for low HDL, high triglycerides and high VLDL with p value of 0.004, 0.05 and 0.017 respectively.
 CONCLUSIONS
 In conclusion, this observational study discovered that there is a significant relationship between dyslipidaemia to POAG. Low levels of HDL, high triglycerides, and high VLDL have a significant relationship (p<0.05) to the occurrence of POAG. This lends credence to the idea that abnormal lipid levels increase the likelihood of developing glaucoma.

Work Motivation and Attitude Towards Teaching Profession of Secondary School Teachers

The present study aims to find out the Work Motivation of secondary school teachers in relation to their attitude towards teaching profession.186 secondary school teachers from Mandya District were selected using random sampling technique. Work Motivation Scale and Attitude Scale towards Teaching Profession were used to collect data. The study revealed that majority of the secondary school teachers possess above average level of Work Motivation and High level of attitude towards teaching profession.There was a positive correlation found between Work Motivation and the attitude towards teaching profession of secondary school teachers. The findings reveal that positive attitude towards teaching profession enhances work Motivation and vice versa.

A Study on the Level of Teacher Effectiveness of Secondary Schools Science Teachers

This study was designed to study the level of Teacher Effectiveness of Secondary School Science Teachers. Samples of 610 Science teachers were selected from 360 schools of Mandya district in Karnataka. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one way ANOVA and TUKEY’s HSD post hoc procedures were used for statistical analysis. This study reflects that, 15.08% of Secondary School Science Teachers showed high Teacher Effectiveness. 66.88% of Secondary School Science Teacher showed medium Teacher Effectiveness and 18.3% of Science Teachers of Secondary Schools showed low Teacher Effectiveness. There exists no significant difference between Male and Female Physical Science and Biological Science Teachers with respect to Teacher Effectiveness. It was found that there was significant difference between the Junior and Senior Science Teachers of Secondary School with respect to Teacher Effectiveness. This study also revealed that there was significant difference between Government and Private aided Government and Private unaided also Private aided and private unaided Science teachers of Secondary Schools.

Annual rainfall analysis of historical and projected weather for South Interior Karnataka, India

The interannual and intraseasonal variations in the ISMR expand has the significant impact on agriculturalsector.The daily gridded rainfall data for the past 40 years (1981-2020) and the climatic projections for the next 20 years(2021- 2040) were analysed at district level across South Interior Karnataka (SIK). Basic statistics such as maximum,minimum, mean, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), and percentage (%) contribution to yearly rainfallwere computed. Further, the Mann-Kendall test was used to find the trend in rainfall (RF) and rainy day (RD). The resultsindicated that RF and RD have a positive trend in the both historical and projected periods. In the past 40 years, the highestannual means of RF and RD were observed in Kodagu district (2031.95 mm and 121) followed by Mandya district (1115.97 mmand 71), and the lowest means of RF and RD were observed in Chitradurga district (482.37 mm and 36) followed byChikkaballapur district (590.20 mm and 41). For the projected 20 years, the highest annual mean RF is expected in Kodaguand Hassan districts (1693.88 mm) and the lowest in Chitradurga, Chikkaballapur and Tumukur districts (1308.12 mm).High number of RD is expected in Bengaluru Rural, Bengaluru Urban, Chamarajanagar, Kodagu, Hassan, Kolar, Mandya,Mysore, Ramanagar districts (127) and low RD in Chikkamagaluru, Davangere and Shivamogga districts (118)

Estimation of Ascorbic Acid Content in Some Selected Fruits Grown in Mandya District, Karnataka

The ascorbic acid content of selected fruits was collected from a local market of Mandya and Maddur ascorbic acid content in these fruits were determined by volumetric method by using 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol. The results obtained confirms the presence of ascorbic acid in these fruits. The highest yield was found in Guava and lowest different fruits tested. These results suggest that a wide variety of fruits can be consumed to meet the daily requirements of vitamin C in a cost-effective manner.

Knowledge and attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine among India's general rural population

IntroductionEven after the enforcement of the lockdown, the government was unable to control the spread of the COVID-19 infection. Vaccination is the only remaining hope for preventing and controlling COVID-19 infections. The knowledge and attitude of the recipients can influence vaccine acceptance. In this study, we aim to assess the knowledge and attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine among the general rural population of India. MethodologyA community-based, prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2021 to October 2021 in the rural part of the Mandya district of Karnataka, India. Individuals over the age of 18 who met the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare's vaccination eligibility criteria were included in the study. Demographic details of participants and assessment of knowledge and attitude towards the COVID-19 vaccine were done in a designed and validated data collection form. ResultsThe study included 596 participants, with females dominating males by 54.9 % (327). The average age of the participants was 31 years. Among them, 81.71% (487) had adequate knowledge, and 81.5% (486) had a positive attitude towards the COVID-19 vaccine. Females (85.3%, 279) tend to have a more positive attitude than males (77%, 207). Positive attitude participants (86.86 %, 423) have a higher level of knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccine than negative attitude participants (57.79 %, 63). ConclusionIn the study, we found that 81.71% had adequate knowledge and 81.5% had a positive attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine.

A study on the awareness and perception of customers towards e-vehicles in Mandya district

A study on the awareness and perception of customers towards e-vehicles in Mandya district

A Study on Marketing Strategies of Microfinanace Institutions with Special Reference to Mandya District, Karnataka

A Study on Marketing Strategies of Microfinanace Institutions with Special Reference to Mandya District, Karnataka

Popularization of high yielding, small grain paddy variety MSN-99 through front line demonstration in cauvery command area of Mandya district, Karnataka

Popularization of high yielding, small grain paddy variety MSN-99 through front line demonstration in cauvery command area of Mandya district, Karnataka

A scale to quantify the crisis management behaviour of sugarcane growers

During 2021–2022, an effort was made to produce a standardised scale to evaluate how sugarcane growers handle crisis circumstances while keeping in mind the current situations. Decision-making abilities, adaptability, and economic performance were recognised as the three main facets of sugarcane grower’s CMB. These dimensions were chosen to represent all behavioural, crisis, and its management components at all levels as well as the effectiveness of crisis management is evaluated using economic performance. The scale items were shaped with the best efforts to accurately reflect the behavioural traits of knowledge, attitude, skills, and confidence as well as the various crisis management activities viz., preparations, mitigations, interventions, and rehabilitation and reconstruction undertaken by sugarcane farmers to deal with crises. The summated rating method with necessary modifications recommended by Likert and Edward has been employed to construct the scale. The ultimate sugarcane grower’s CMB scale was composed of 82 statements, which were divided into three categories according to decision-making ability (11 statements), adaptability (71 statements distributed across 8 sub dimensions), and economic performance (measured using standard formulas). The scale’s reliability and validity are ascertained by administering to 32 farmers in the Mandya district who cultivate sugarcane in 2020–21. Using the split half technique of reliability, it was discovered that the generated CMB scale was extremely dependable, with a reliability score of 0.9195. With a statistical validity coefficient of 0.9589, both the content and statistical validities were extremely valid.