Manchester Evening Research Articles

Brian Turnbull Robson, 1939–2020

Brian Turnbull Robson, 1939–2020

Photojournalism and the Moss Side Riots of 1981: Narrowly Selective Transparency

Abstract In the summer of 1981 a series of riots broke out across England. Here we look at the contemporary photojournalism of the Moss Side, Manchester, riots in the local newspaper, the Manchester Evening News, in order to better understand the riots and media representation of riots more generally. We begin by exploring the contradictory nature of photography (and news photography in particular) – what Susan Sontag refers to as photography’s narrowly selective transparency. We then outline a brief history of the riots, before turning to examine photographs in the Manchester Evening News at the time. We analyse the images both collectively and individually on the basis of what has been selected to be shown and why, and what has been excluded. This perspective allows us then to see in the photographs themselves what was intended to be excluded, primarily the causes of the riots – poverty, racism and oppressive policing; and the humanity of those who took part.

A Selected Bibliography of Writings by Bernard Shaw Concerning Health, the Medical Profession, and Related Topics

This selected bibliography gathers Bernard Shaw’s pronouncements on health and related topics. References in brackets are to Dan H. Laurence’s Bernard Shaw: A Bibliography, 2 vols. (Oxford: Clarendon, 1983). References to items reprinted in The Works of Bernard Shaw: Collected Edition (London: Constable, 1930–38) are marked “Repr. in A198.” Items reprinted in Ronald Ford, ed., The Letters of Bernard Shaw to The Times, 1898–1950 (Sallins: Irish Academic Press, 2007) are marked “Repr. in Ford.”

Independent Production and Industrial Tactics in Britain: Michael Klinger and Baby Love

Independent Production and Industrial Tactics in Britain: Michael Klinger and Baby Love

Accountability in midwifery practice: answerable to society

British Journal of MidwiferyVol. 20, No. 7 LegalAccountability in midwifery practice: answerable to societyRichard GriffithRichard GriffithSearch for more papers by this authorRichard GriffithPublished Online:16 Aug 2013https://doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2012.20.7.525AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail View article References Daily Mail (2006) Equipment could have prevented baby's death. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-423971/Equipment-prevented-baby-death.html (accessed 22 June 2012) Google ScholarEvans S (2008) NHS negligence caused mother's manslaughter; Unlawful-killing verdict is first for health body. Western Mail http://www.high-beam.com/doc/1G1-174279747.html (accessed 22 June 2012) Google ScholarHoskins J (2007) Student midwife starts jail sentence. Southern Daily Echo http://www.dailyecho.co.uk/news/1463993.student_midwife_starts_jail_sentence/ (accessed 22 June 2012) Google ScholarKeeling N, Morris C (2011) Student midwife stole Tameside Hospital camera containing tragic baby photos - then tried to sell it on eBay Manchester Evening News http://menmedia.co.uk/manchestereveningnews/news/crime/s/1463724_student-midwife-stole-tame-side-hospital-camera-containing-tragic-baby-photos---then-tried-to-sell-it-on-ebay (accessed 22 June 2012) Google ScholarR v Bateman [1925] Cr. App R. 8 Google ScholarR v Hinks [2001] 2 AC 241 Google Scholar FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 1 July 2012Volume 20Issue 7ISSN (print): 0969-4900ISSN (online): 2052-4307 Metrics History Published online 16 August 2013 Published in print 1 July 2012 Information© MA Healthcare LimitedPDF download

Understanding accountability in midwifery practice: Key concepts

British Journal of MidwiferyVol. 19, No. 5 LegalUnderstanding accountability in midwifery practice: Key conceptsRichard GriffithRichard GriffithSearch for more papers by this authorRichard GriffithPublished Online:16 Aug 2013https://doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2011.19.5.327AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail View article References Batey MV, Lewis FM (1982) Clarifying autonomy and accountability in nursing services. J Nurs Adm 12(9): 13–18 Crossref, Google ScholarCrook A (2009) Midwife struck off. Manchester Evening News. 7 March. http://tinyurl.com/43t5sgt (accessed 18 April 2011) Google ScholarKent Messenger (2010) Midwife's errors led to emergency caesarean. 19 March: 4 Google ScholarMitchell G (2009) Midwife supervisor jailed for theft and fraud. Maidenhead Advertiser. 25 June. http://tinyurl.com/6korlfy (accessed 18 April 2011) Google ScholarNursing and Midwifery Council (2004) Midwives rules and standards. NMC, London Google ScholarNursing and Midwifery Council (2008) The Code: Standards of conduct, performance and ethics for nurses and midwives. NMC, London Google ScholarSavage J, Moore L (2004) Interpreting accountability: An ethnographic study of practice nurses, accountability and multidisciplinary team decision-making in the context of clinical governance. RCN, London Google Scholar FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byDecision-making in midwifery: A tripartite clinical decision4 August 2016 | British Journal of Midwifery, Vol. 24, No. 8Women and healthcare providers’ perceptions of a midwife-led unit in a Swiss university hospital: a qualitative study11 March 2015 | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, Vol. 15, No. 1Accountability and the dental nurse: key issues16 August 2013 | Dental Nursing, Vol. 7, No. 10British Politics, the Welfare State, and Tort Liability of Public AuthoritiesSSRN Electronic Journal 1 May 2011Volume 19Issue 5ISSN (print): 0969-4900ISSN (online): 2052-4307 Metrics History Published online 16 August 2013 Published in print 1 May 2011 Information© MA Healthcare LimitedPDF download

WHY WALKING FLAT-FOOTED HURTS AFTER HIGH HEELS

When it comes to shoes, some women will go through hell for a pair of Jimmy Choos. But what effect does wearing high heels have on our bodies? Clinicians have known for a long time that if you hold a limb in a shortened position over an extended period, the muscles shorten. High-heeled shoes push our heels up, which made Marco Narici from Manchester Metropolitan University wonder whether wearing heels on a regular basis could shorten our calf muscles. According to Narici, there was some anecdotal evidence that something changed because secretaries in the 1950s complained about discomfort when they took their heels off and walked flat-footed. ‘I thought it was an experiment which was inadvertently being done by women. What we could do was test high heel wearers to see if we could find some changes in the calf muscle,’ says Narici (p. 2582).At that time, Robert Csapo, from the University of Vienna, Austria, was visiting Narici's Active Lifespan Lab, so Narici and Costis Maganaris asked Csapo to test the theory. Placing an advert in the Manchester Evening News asking for volunteers ranging in age from 20 to 50 years who had regularly worn 5cm high heels for 2 years or more, Csapo attracted 80 recruits, which he whittled down to a final group of 11 who felt uncomfortable walking without their heels. Then he recruited a second group of women who did not wear high heels and teamed up with Olivier Seynnes to look at the internal workings of both groups' calf muscles.Measuring the size of the women's calf muscles with MRI, the team found that the calf muscles of the high heel wearers were the same size as those of the women who preferred flat shoes; they hadn't shrunk. ‘We were expecting slightly smaller muscle volumes in the high heel wearers because we thought that if the muscle is in a shortened position then you are loading it less and the muscle volume should be smaller,’ explains Narici.Next Csapo and Seynnes used ultrasound to measure the muscle fibre length in the women's calf muscles, and this time they did see a difference. The high heel wearers' muscle fibres were 13% shorter than those of the women who wore flat shoes. ‘This confirmed the hypothesis,’ says Narici, ‘because when you place the muscle in a shorter position, the fibres become shorter.’ However, by shortening the fibres, the muscles would have to contract more to shorten by the same length, and if this was the case the high heel fans' calf muscles could no longer function optimally and thus would produce less force than the flat shoe wearer's calf muscles. Had the shortened muscle fibres made it more difficult for high heel addicts to walk efficiently?The team turned their attention to the tendons that attach the calf muscle to the heel. Scanning with MRI, the team could see that the Achilles' tendon was the same length in the two groups of women. The tendon had not lengthened to compensate for the shorter calf muscle. However, the high heel fans' tendons were much thicker and stiffer than the flat shoe wearers'. Narici and his team realised that by thickening and stiffening, the Achilles' tendon compensates for the shortened muscle fibres in the calf muscle, allowing the fashion addicts' calf muscles to function optimally as they walk, but causing discomfort when walking on flat feet because the tendon cannot stretch sufficiently.So should women give up wearing high heels? Narici doesn't think so, but suggests that fashion addicts may want to try stretching exercises to avoid soreness when they kick off their heels at the end of the day.

News and Notes

News and Notes

Closure through Mock-Disclosure in Bret Easton Ellis’s <em>Lunar Park</em>

Closure through Mock-Disclosure in Bret Easton Ellis’s <em>Lunar Park</em>

Raising Expectations: Talent Development in Belfast

A unique talent development project took place in Belfast, Northern Ireland over the autumn (fall) term of 2007 that developed 60 young people from ten diverse schools (Special, Secondary, Grammar, Controlled (state schools) and Catholic Maintained). The project culminated in Manchester on 3 December 2007 when the Young People undertook a journey from Belfast to Manchester following in the footsteps of George Best – the famous Manchester United and Northern Ireland professional footballer. The event attracted a huge media interest – being covered by Northern Ireland's Ulster Television News programme, the leading Northern Ireland Nl newspaper - The Belfast Telegraph, The Manchester Evening News, Manchester United Television – Sky channel, Manchester Evening News and BBC Manchester. A research study was undertaken in parallel with the project to quantify the young people's self-image, abilities and belief in achievement before, during and after the project.

Shame about the children: A legacy of distress for adults who have grown up with parental problem drinking and family disharmony?

This study examined whether disharmony within one's family of origin is a risk factor for the children of problem drinkers in adult life. The responses to a postal questionnaire of 39 adults who experienced difficulties in childhood around parental drinking were assessed for any associations that existed between their remembering disharmony (between their parents, between their parents and themselves, and within the family generally) in their childhood and their current experience of shame as measured by the Experience of Shame Scale (Andrews, Qian, & Valentine, British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2002, 41, 29–42). Shame vulnerability was therefore assumed to be representative of adult distress. The participants were attracted to the study by advertisements placed in the Manchester Evening News and Big Issue in the North. The analyses used in this study were the non‐parametric Mann–Whitney U test and the Spearman correlation coefficient test. Disharmony did emerge as being quite significantly associated with increased levels of shame. This study therefore concluded that any serious strategy to deal with problem drinking must address the destructive impact that such disharmony has for these children, both as children and in their adult life.

Supplement To Shaw 24, A Selected Bibliography of Writings By and About Bernard Shaw Concerning Love, Sex, Marriage, Women, and Related Topics

Prefatory Note: This Supplement extends the "Selected Bibliography" published in SHAW, The Annual of Bernard Shaw Studies 24 (2004), which I had termed a "preliminary compilation." In Section A, references in brackets are to Dan H. Laurence's Bernard Shaw: A Bibliography (Oxford: Clarendon, 1983). For many of the entries in Section B, I am most grateful to Charles A. Carpenter's indispensable compilation, "A Selective, Classified International Bibliography of Publications about Bernard Shaw: Works from 1940 to Date, with Appendix of Earlier Works" (2004), which appeared shortly after SHAW 24 went to press. Section A: Works by Bernard Shaw "Authors' 'No' to Sex Play Jury." Daily Mirror (15 June 1925): 2:4. [C2553; statement: "Should sex plays be tried by public juries before production?"] "Bernard Shaw Replies" (letter). International Journal of Sexology (Bombay) 2 (November 1948): 102. [C3825; comment on Anthony M. Ludovici's "Sex in the Writings of Bernard Shaw" in the same issue] [End Page 257] "The Case of Dr. [Marie] Stopes" (letter). Daily News (3 March 1923): 4:4. [C2443] "A Characteristic Question Cabled by Bernard Shaw." Puck (New York) 77 (20 February 1915): 6. [C1989; on woman suffrage] "Danakil Women" (letter). Time and Tide 21 (13 January 1940): 29–30. [C3353; also in Time and Tide 21, see two more letters: "Shaw on Danakil Women" (20 January 1940): 54 (C3354) and "Bernard Shaw on Danakil Women" (3 February 1940): 102 (C3358)] "Extend Divorce, Make State Separate Unfit. Danger, Otherwise, That Private Contracts Will Be Substituted for Marriage" (interview). New York American (5 June 1921): II, 5:1–2 (first edition). [C2343] "Eve's Repugnance" (letter). Weekly Westminster, n.s. 1 (5 April 1924): 738. [C2493; on Back to Methuselah and the method of sexual reproduction] "'Flog Every Brothel Keeper,' Says Shaw" (statement). Daily Worker (30 March 1944): 3:4. [C3519; on the findings of an inquiry committee into prostitution] "G. Bernard Shaw Talks About Love, Sex, Charles Chaplin and Why Old Men Don't Matter!" (interview). Sunday Express (1 March 1931): 14:3–7, 21:2–4. [C2899] "G.B.S. 93" (interview). Evening Standard (25 July 1949): 9:1–3. [C3864; on sex education in schools, among other topics] "Kulin Polygamy" (letter). The Times (5 October 1907): 12:5. [C1605] Reprinted as "Bernard Shaw for Polygamy" in The Sun (New York) (6 October 1907): 3:1–2. "Let Them Die" (statement). Evening Standard (9 June 1914): 2:2. [C1936; on suffragette hunger strikers] "Martyrdom and Woman Suffrage" (letter). The Times (25 June 1913): 10:4. [C1902] Reprinted as "Shaw Insists on Word Martyrdom," London Budget (29 June 1913): 5:3. "What I Think of Women." Manchester Evening News (25 July 1936): 4:3–7. [C3152a-S; questionnaire interview] "The Womanly Woman." [1891] Shaw and Ibsen: Bernard Shaw's The Quintessence of Ibsenism and Related Writings. Ed. J. L. Wisenthal. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1979: 124–31. "Woman's Charm" (statement). Manchester Evening News (11 December 1924): 11:2. [C2533] Section B: Works About Bernard Shaw Adams, Elsie B. "Shaw's Ladies." Shaw Review 23 (1980): 112–18. Cherry, Wymm. "A Look Back at Shaw's Feminism." Independent Shavian 32 (1994): 53–55. [End Page 258] Coelsch-Foisner, Sabine. "Spinsters versus Sinners: A Late-Nineteenth-Century Paradigm in G. B. Shaw's Plays." Imaginaires 2 (1997): 91–111. Drew, Anne M. "Embracing Ambiguity: Shaw's Women." Staging the Rage: The Web of Misogyny in Modern Drama. Ed. Katherine H. Burkman and Judith Roof. Madison, N.J.: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 1998: 158–70. Gainor, J. Ellen. "Lesbian Sexuality and Violence in the Plays of G. B. Shaw." Violence in Drama. Themes in Drama 13. Ed. James Redmond. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991: 177–89. [reprinted in Shaw's Daughters: Dramatic...

White Culture, Black Mark

In May 2000, an American I'd met only twice offered me $10,000 for internships on British newspapers for three ethnic minority journalism students. Prospective interns wouldn't be American, but British. Newspapers had to make a financial contribution to the bursaries. Fast-forward to summer 2003 and I am in the middle of the second Creative Collective national internship programme. The Times, Financial Times, The Big Issue, Bradford Telegraph and Argus, Nottingham Evening Post, Manchester Evening News, and the Scunthorpe Telegraph have been sympthetic. Last year three interns were offered contracts, and interest from aspiring ethnic minority journalists has increased year on year. The Commission for Racial Equality and the National Union of Journalists have generously conceded that we have achieved what they have never quite managed. So why are my colleagues and I unwilling to shout from the precarious rooftops of Canary Wharf? Quite frankly, the wider print media landscape isn't all that pretty to look at.

Orwell as War Correspondent: a reassessment

This paper examines in detail George Orwell's reporting assignment on the Continent for The Observer and Manchester Evening News at the end of the Second World War in 1945. The 19 articles are particularly fascinating, since this was the only time Orwell - who by then had made his name as a left-wing polemicist, broadcaster, novelist and journalist - worked as a reporter to strict, regular deadlines for mainstream newspapers. Orwell's voice emerges as one of vitality and power - but also one that is uncertain and troubled. It is a voice that points ultimately to more general questions: What precisely is a journalist? What is the authentic voice of the genre? How far is the voice addressed to a declared, implicit or idealized audience? The paper argues that Orwell answered some of these questions through a complex strategy, admitting subjectivity while, paradoxically, aiming for objectivity. Orwell's relationship to the secret state has become particularly controversial in recent years and a new perspective is thrown on this aspect of his career in the opening section which looks at the background to the assignment.

Orwell as War Correspondent: a reassessment

This paper examines in detail George Orwell's reporting assignment on the Continent for The Observer and Manchester Evening News at the end of the Second World War in 1945. The 19 articles are particularly fascinating, since this was the only time Orwell - who by then had made his name as a left-wing polemicist, broadcaster, novelist and journalist - worked as a reporter to strict, regular deadlines for mainstream newspapers. Orwell's voice emerges as one of vitality and power - but also one that is uncertain and troubled. It is a voice that points ultimately to more general questions: What precisely is a journalist? What is the authentic voice of the genre? How far is the voice addressed to a declared, implicit or idealized audience? The paper argues that Orwell answered some of these questions through a complex strategy, admitting subjectivity while, paradoxically, aiming for objectivity. Orwell's relationship to the secret state has become particularly controversial in recent years and a new perspective is thrown on this aspect of his career in the opening section which looks at the background to the assignment.

Telling the Story: Shakespeare's Histories in Performance

The English Shakespeare Company was founded in 1986 by Michael Bogdanov and Michael Pennington with a commitment to take large-scale productions to regional venues. Henry IV, Parts One and Two and Henry V opened at the Plymouth Theatre Royal in November 1986 under the title The Henrys: they were then staged at the Old Vic and toured extensively. In December 1987 Richard II, with a two-part adaptation of the three parts of Henry VI (House of Lancaster and House of York) and Richard III, were added to the previous trilogy to create a complete cycle of history plays – The Wars of the Roses. The cycle was toured in England and abroad before playing at the Old Vic in the spring of 1989. It has since been filmed for television by Portman Productions. The only comparable treatment of the histories in the theatre took place at Stratford in 1964. when Peter Hall and John Barton staged seven plays as a sequence spanning English history from the reign of Richard II to the downfall of Richard III. Andrew Jarvis has been with the English Shakespeare Company since 1986 when he played Gadshill, Douglas, Harcourt, and the Dauphin. He has since played Exton, Hotspur, and Richard III. In 1988 he won the Manchester Evening News Award for Best Actor in a Visiting Production for his portrayal of Richard III. Prior to joining the ESC he had played many roles for the Royal Shakespeare Company. Here, he is interviewed by Stephen Phillips, lecturer in drama at the College of St Mark and St John, Plymouth, who is currently preparing a study of Shakespeare's history cycles in performance in the twentieth century.

Technological changes that may affect newspaper libraries in the future

When I was asked to give this paper today I felt somewhat fearful. My direct involvement in newspaper libraries had comprised downing pints of beer with Ken Murphy at The Guardian, being appalled by the problems of moving The Guardian's and Manchester Evening News' libraries in Manchester over one long weekend, and discussing staffing problems in Birmingham with Geoff Adams.