Management Science Literature Research Articles

A Novel Method for Visually Mapping Intellectual Property Risks and Uncertainties in Evolving Innovation Ecosystems: A Design Science Research Approach for the COVID-19 Pandemic

Prior management science literature proposes different visual methods for mapping ecosystems. These methods, however, largely lack an effective approach to visualizing intellectual property (IP) related risks and uncertainties appearing among stakeholders as the innovation ecosystem evolves. Using the design science research methodology, we develop a novel method that visualizes loci of IP risks and uncertainties, as well as dynamics of IP ownership and usage in evolving innovation ecosystems. We demonstrate and evaluate the effectiveness of the new method in uncovering IP related risks and uncertainties by presenting results from applying the method to the innovation ecosystem for crisis-critical products during the COVID-19 pandemic. The currently ongoing pandemic has caused structural changes to that innovation ecosystem with new relationships being formed between incumbent manufacturers and new entrants that have rushed into that innovation ecosystem to support the upscaling of manufacturing capacities. This article contributes to the literature on visual methods for innovation ecosystems and provides a new method for researchers, practitioners, and policy makers to identify IP related risks and uncertainties that can arise when innovation ecosystems undergo structural changes. The method allows researchers to formulate and test new theories, as well as practitioners and policy makers to develop strategies to anticipate and mitigate IP risks and uncertainties.

The Mediating Role of Brand Trust Concerning the Impact of Social Media Communication on the Corporate Reputation

Purpose –The study aimed to identify, interpret, and create a scientific resource concerning the effect of social media communication on corporate reputation and the mediation role of brand trust.Design/Metodology/Approach –In the study, the automotive sector, which is one of the sectors that actively uses social media communication channels, was discussed. The population of the study was composed of the users of 4 automotive companies (Ford, Toyota, Hyundai, Mercedes-Benz) who use predetermined social media channels. In this context, data were obtained from users through a survey form, and the research was analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows 23.0 and IBM SPSS AMOS 21 statistical andmodeling package programs.Findings –According to the findings of the study, it was determined that brand trust takes on a mediator role (partial) concerning the effect of the sub-dimensions of social media communication on the corporate reputation. Discussion –According to the findings, it is possible to say that the social media communication activities in a business have an impact on the reputation of the corporation. It is also possible to say that the brand trust plays a role in the corporate reputation created by social media communication. It was found that this result was parallel to other studies in the literature. The fact that the study as it is expected to give tips to company managers in both the designated sector and other sectors, and to provide functionality to the management science literature.

Search on an NK Landscape with Swarm Intelligence: Limitations and Future Research Opportunities

Swarm intelligence has promising applications for firm search and decision-choice problems and is particularly well suited for examining how other firms influence the focal firm’s search. To evaluate search performance, researchers examining firm search through simulation models typically build a performance landscape. The NK model is the leading tool used for this purpose in the management science literature. We assess the usefulness of the NK landscape for simulated swarm search. We find that the strength of the swarm model for examining firm search and decision-choice problems—the ability to model the influence of other firms on the focal firm—is limited to the NK landscape. Researchers will need alternative ways to create a performance landscape in order to use our full swarm model in simulations. We also identify multiple opportunities—endogenous landscapes, agent-specific landscapes, incomplete information, and costly movements—that future researchers can include in landscape development to gain the maximum insights from swarm-based firm search simulations.

Ugly or Pretty: The Effects of Aesthetics and Exercise Involvement on Consumers’ Evaluations of Healthy Functional Foods

PURPOSE This study explores the impact of visual shape and exercise involvement on consumers' evaluation and happiness with healthy functional foods, specifically protein cookies.METHODS Using a one-factor design with two levels (pretty vs. ugly shape) and one measured variable (exercise involvement), we uncover interesting insights.RESULTS Consumers highly engaged in exercise show a greater purchase intention for ugly-shaped healthy functional foods compared to prettyshaped ones. Conversely, consumers with low exercise involvement express a higher purchase intention and happiness when it comes to pretty-shaped healthy functional foods compared to their ugly counterparts.CONCLUSIONS These findings contribute to the sports management and sports science literature by shedding light on how visual shape influences the evaluation of healthy functional foods by sport consumers. Furthermore, this research offers valuable practical implications for designing the shape of such foods to cater to the preferences of sports enthusiasts.

How and when community-oriented-corporate social responsibility affects employee societal behavior: A moderated-mediated model

The psychology of micro-corporate social responsibility (micro-CSR) and employee outcome has emerged in the contemporary literature of interdisciplinary management science. Previous studies have ignored the testing of mediating effects and boundary conditions in the association between micro-CSR and employee outcomes. Drawing on social identity theory (SIT) and social information processing theory (SIPT), this research aims to investigate how, why, and when the perceived CSR community (PCSRc; a micro-CSR activity) affects employee societal behavior (ESB; a voluntary behavior) accounting the mediating role of perceived external prestige (PEP) and moderating role of organizational identification (OI). Our research recruited 452 employees in Bangladesh via questionnaire and tested the proposed measurement model and structural relationships in AMOS. The results report a significant and positive relationship between PCSRc and ESB. It also reveals that PEP mediates PCSRc and ESB link, and OI regulates the straight association of PCSRc and PEP and ancillary links of PCSRc and ESB (via PEP). Finally, we recorded the research implications and future research directions.

Growth, Intellectual Capital, Financial Performance And Firm Value : Evidence From Indonesia Automotive Firms

This study analyzes and explains empirical evidence of the effect of growth and Intellectual Capital respectively on financial performance and firm value, as well as the role of Financial Performance in mediating the influence of company growth and Intellectual Capital respectively on firm value. The benefits of this research are expected to be a reference that enriches the literature of Management Science, especially related to signaling theory and Resource Based Theory. In addition, this research is expected to provide benefits for automotive company managers in developing strategies that can improve financial performance and firm value, investors in automotive companies in making the right decisions in investing in automotive companies and the government in formulating policies related to automotive companies so that more investors invest in automotive companies. To test the hypothesis used Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. The results of the hypothesis test show that: (1) the company's growth has a positive and insignificant effect on financial performance, (2) Intellectual Capital has a positive and significant effect on financial performance, (3) company growth has a positive and insignificant effect on firm value, (4) Intellectual Capital has a positive and insignificant effect on firm value, (5) financial performance has a positive and significant effect on firm value, (6) financial performance does not mediate the company's growth to the company's value and (7) financial performance mediates Intellectual Capital to the value of the company

The Patient as an Actor in His Care Pathway: Insights From the French Case.

In France, patients' right to take part in decisions regarding their health has been recognized by law since 2002. This legal recognition was the outcome of a long-standing call to allow all individuals to be "actors in their own health" and to co-develop their care pathway with the professionals involved. In practice, care pathways simultaneously intertwine both standardization and personalization dynamics, which involve different forms of professional-patient interaction. This article analyses the links between the organizational variables of care pathways, and the ways in which patients are involved in the management of their own pathway. To date, these links have received little attention in the management science and health literatures. We draw on material from a case study carried out in 2 French territories, combining the analysis of patient pathways with interviews conducted with professionals and carers. Building on this analysis, we propose a typology of patient profiles which distinguishes between their different forms of involvement in the development of their care pathway, based on its organizational characteristics.

Optimal ordering quantity under stochastic time-dependent price and demand with a supply disruption: A solution based on the change of measure technique

This paper presents a solution of a generalized newsvendor problem with supply disruption and dual sourcing, where the underlying product price and demand are correlated and evolve randomly over time. We contribute to the literature by employing a non-stationary model for demand, and proposing a novel solution methodology using the change of measure technique often applied for derivative pricing in the mathematical finance literature but not frequently considered in the management science and operations management literature. The application of this technique allows the non-linear expectation terms in the profit function, that are often computed numerically in the literature, to be determined analytically. This, in turn, leads to analytic solutions in special cases, and provides the foundations for a highly efficient numerical solution algorithm in general. A comparison against an alternative benchmark technique from the literature is provided to demonstrate the efficiency of our approach.

Testing the sensitivity of stated environmental preferences to variations in choice architecture

We conducted a three-way split sample discrete choice experiment (DCE) to investigate welfare estimates for attributes related to the management of coastal cod stocks in Arctic Norway. In a base DCE design, respondents faced three core attributes: (1) coastal cod spawning biomass as an indicator of the sustainability of the cod stocks, (2) stricter regulations on primary user groups (commercial fishers, local recreational anglers, the marine fishing tourism industry), and (3) annual household cost. In two experimentally varied DCE designs, respondents received a fourth attribute that explicitly describes the expansion of the marine fishing tourism industry in the region. In treatment 1, the expansion is represented by the number of coastal cod caught by marine fishing tourists as an indicator of the industry's environmental impact. In treatment 2, the expansion is represented by the number of new jobs as an indicator of the industry's socioeconomic impact. These two attribute translations, designed to be perfectly correlated, serve as an instrument for testing a choice architecture - value activation framework recently proposed in the management science literature. Mixed logit estimation results indicate that welfare estimates vary significantly across choice architectures, both statistically and economically. Additional regression analyses of conditional welfare estimates and respondents' status quo choices yield mixed evidence of value activation. The overall message of the study is that DCE researchers should be cognizant of their role as choice architects when advising public resource managers and policymakers.

Evaluation of the organizational commitment of librarians of libraries in Tehran

Purpose and background: Organizational commitment in management and behavioral science literature is an important factor in the relationships between organizations and individuals. The purpose of this research is to identify and evaluate the organizational commitment of librarians in libraries in Tehran based on 4 indicators of participation and teamwork spirit, conscientiousness, values, and administrative discipline. Financial and social took place. Research method: The current research was applied in terms of purpose and survey research in terms of method. In the present study, data were collected using standard questionnaires and interviews. The statistical population included all librarians of academic and public libraries in Tehran, numbering 780 people. In this research, using Cochran's formula, 257 people were selected as a sample population. Also, the snowball technique was used in the interview method to collect data. Findings: The results of the research showed that the public participation component is the most important component in the discussion of the organizational commitment of librarians in libraries in Tehran. And the components of central justice and responsibility are in the next ranks. Also, the results showed that the librarians of Iranian libraries are in the first rank in the index of participation and group spirit, the index of work conscience is in the second rank, and the index of administrative, financial and social discipline is in the rank of The third and the index of values are in the fourth place. Also, the results of the research showed that the level of adherence to organizational commitment in academic libraries and public libraries is not significantly different, but the condition of university library employees is slightly better than public library employees. Conclusion: It goes without saying that the ultimate goal of performance evaluation in any field is the exchange of information between the evaluator and the employees in order to prevent and correct undesirable performance and encourage the desired performance of employees. For this purpose, care should be taken during the evaluation session to move towards the conclusion of the topics.

Sustainable management based on sustainable knowledge

The issue of sustainability has been on the minds of professionals for years, as it is on the minds of everyone involved in everyday life. Numerous studies have been carried out on various aspects of organisational operation, nature conservation, environmental protection and climate change. However, little research has been done on the potential for sustainability of organisational knowledge, a factor that fundamentally affects the functioning of organisations. This concerns the steps in the knowledge management process, organisational culture, working conditions, organisational environment, and organisational leadership that provides governance. Among these factors, this paper reviews the criteria for sustainable leadership as an effective channel for strategic decision making. Sustainable management has a significant impact on the organisation and its environment, balancing operations, people, profit, market competition and planetary sustainability. It is necessary to capture, share, incorporate and store valuable organisational knowledge for organisational performance excellence. The expectations of sustainable management that govern the sustainability of knowledge is a little researched topic in both management science and knowledge management literature. This paper aims to fill this gap by highlighting the supporting role of sustainable management for knowledge sustainability. Research to date has identified sustainable management as an alternative style of management that can significantly change organisations and society through a deeper understanding of natural and economic systems and their interdependencies. Accordingly, it ensures market performance in a holistic approach, based on the concept of sustainable knowledge, in the long term, with a focus on the efficient use of the company's internal resources. The cornerstones of these interrelationships and the conditions of the relationships are presented in a theoretical approach in the study.

Investigating feedback orientation in medical learners

Background/purpose Feedback processes in health professions education (HPE) are not always successful. While recommendations to improve feedback provision dominate the literature, studying specific learner attributes that impact feedback uptake may also improve feedback processes. Feedback orientation is a concept from management science involving four dimensions of learner attributes and attitudes that impact their feedback uptake: utility, accountability, social awareness, and feedback self-efficacy. Feedback orientation may represent a valuable concept in HPE. We aimed to understand medical learners’ feedback orientation at different stages in their development. Methods We used the Feedback Orientation Scale, a 20-item survey instrument, for a cross-sectional analysis of feedback orientation in medical students and Internal Medicine residents at one large academic center. We performed descriptive statistics and analysis of variance for data analysis. Results We found the same factors (dimensions) to feedback orientation in our population as in management science. Overall feedback orientation scores were high and were largely consistent across trainee levels. Utility was the domain that was highest across learners, whereas feedback self-efficacy was lowest. Conclusions Feedback orientation represents a useful concept to explore medical learners’ attitudes toward feedback’s role in their development. The four domains can help guide further nuanced feedback research and application. Practice points Feedback orientation is a concept from the management science literature that describes an individual’s feedback receptivity in a more durable way; it comprises 4 distinct domains: utility, accountability, social awareness, and feedback self-efficacy. The feedback orientation construct translates well to HPE. Medical learners’ overall feedback orientation is largely stable across training from early medical school to late residency. Medical learners’ highest scores are in the utility domain, whereas lowest are in feedback self-efficacy. Focusing on the individual domains of feedback orientation can help guide future, more nuanced research and interventions on feedback.

Fooling ourselves and others: confirmation bias and the trustworthiness of qualitative research – Part 2 (cross-examining the dismissals)

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe and critique ways in which the threats from confirmation bias have been rejected.Design/methodology/approachDismissals of the existence of, or threats from, confirmation bias are identified from a review of literature across a very wide range of disciplines. The dismissals are robustly examined.FindingsThe dismissals are categorised as: (1) radical scepticism (2) consequentialism: and (3) denial. Each type of dismissal, it is argued, is flawed.Originality/valueThe three-fold structuring of confirmation bias dismissal is novel. In addition to drawing from organisation, management and wider social science literature, the article also uses arguments and examples from the creative arts.

Enterprise Business Architecture as a Tool for Sustainable Development in an Enterprise - case study

Digital technologies, treated in the article as a combination of information, processing, communication and technology, contribute to significant transformations in business models, business processes, products, services and relations with customers and other stakeholders. Due to the widespread realization of the real need to introduce information and communication technologies to enterprises, the digital transformation of companies continues. This situation prompts reflection and rethinking the strategies of enterprises subject to the process of digitization and at the same time participating in the network. This issue can be considered from the perspective of business ecosystems in which the exploration of organizational strategy problems increases significantly]. In addition, ecosystems are increasingly taking a digital form, which means sharing the standards of digital platforms (e.g. Google’s advertising ecosystem, Apple Appstore, Netsprint Audience) in order to achieve mutual benefits for participants. The digitization process influences the strengthening of inter-organizational relations between the participants of the business ecosystem, but is also an important determinant of changes in the area of competition and organization of various sectors. Companies, consumers, and products and services are massively connected via digital networks, which leads to increased network effects and joint value creation in ecosystems. The aim of the article is to conceptualize the digital strategy of business in enterprises that are participants of the ecosystem. The study is theoretical and conceptual in nature, and the research method used is the analysis and critique of literature. The article consists of two parts. The first part is devoted to discussing the digital business strategy. The second presents the properties of the business ecosystem, an enterprise ecosystem strategy rarely described in the management science literature, and discusses the strategic aspects of adopting a digital strategy by enterprises participating in the digital ecosystem. The summary presents the main conclusions of the considerations and sets out the directions for further research.

Data-Driven Research in Supply Chain Operations - A Review

We review the operations research/ management science literature on data-driven methods in retail operations. This line of work has grown rapidly in recent years, thanks to availability of high-quality data, improvements in computing hardware, and parallel developments in machine learning methodologies. We survey state-of-the-art studies in three core aspects of retail operations -- assortment optimization, order fulfillment, and inventory management. We then conclude the paper by pointing out some interesting future research possibilities for our community.

Electric Power Industry: Operational and Public Policy Challenges and Opportunities

The electric power industry is undergoing dramatic change driven by rapid technological transformation, concern over climate change, and evolving market structures. As a result, there is a need for new models to help the industry better utilize resources in a time of increasing uncertainty and to help government policy makers better understand the impacts of their regulatory decisions. We provide a structured review of the operations research and management science literatures to describe the current operational and policy issues in the electric power industry, with a particular focus on issues surrounding electricity market design, renewable integration, effects of climate policy on electric power infrastructure, rise of electric powered vehicles, energy storage, and the growing interdependence between natural gas and electric power sectors. We identify the current research frontier and classify the existing research into clusters with respect to managerial issues addressed. We offer a forecast for where the electric power industry is going and describe some important public policy issues. Finally, we highlight research opportunities and discuss how the management science community can contribute by considering the interaction between operational considerations and electric power policy.

COUNTRY IMAGE AND ITS IMPACT ON BILATERAL RELATIONS: CASE CURRENT US-RUSSIAN RELATIONS

This paper is devoted to the effects of country image on contemporary US-Russian relations. This is an attempt to apply the results of joint project (University of Florida and Lobachevski University) to the analysis of US-Russian bilateral relations in a broader sense as well as combine tourist management and political science methods and literature. The relationships between the U.S. and Russia have been steadily deteriorating in the last five years. The amount of negative coverage of both countries in Russian and American media and social networks has been gradually increasing for the last few years, starting with the Magnitsky Act and the Dima Yakovlev Law in 2012 and culminating over the events of political crisis in Ukraine, operation in Syria, economic sanctions towards Russia. Media and social networks, as well as rhetoric of official agencies of both countries reflect the growing levels of national pride and mutual animosity. We believe that foreign policy has become a special and independent type of social activity. Economic relations, economic integration, humanitarian relations (education, culture, science, tourism, etc.) are an important part of foreign policy today. Thus, country image does matter.

Using co-creating mass-customisation and innovation climate for enhanced value

Purpose This paper aims to study the impact of innovation climate (IC) on co-creating modular mass-customisation (CMMC) in terms of cost effectiveness, volume effectiveness, responsiveness, product modularity and collaborative assembly. Additionally, this research paper investigates the effect of IC and CMMC on the value to customer (VC) in a modular jewellery emerging market that includes international companies. Design/methodology/approach After conducting a comprehensive literature review, the authors suggested a conceptual framework and examined it using mixed methods approach. In addition to qualitative focus groups, questionnaires were filled – across five-point Likert scale format – through 63 depth interviews carried out with subject-matter-experts working at 14 international organisations in the Egyptian modular jewellery market. SmartPLS software was used for structural equation modelling analysis. Findings Results showed that CMMC positively and significantly affects VC. Furthermore, IC positively and significantly affects both CMMC and VC. Practical implications Recent industrial developments that can be observed in such international modular jewellery sector can be enhanced by the empirical evidence of this research regarding the importance of developing IC for more creative manufacturing approach of modular mass-customisation and better VC. Originality/value To the best of our knowledge, it is the first empirical study that investigates the relationship between CMMC, IC and VC in a unique jewellery market, which recently generated high customer involvement in the assembly/reassembly processes. Conceptually and empirically, it consolidates and adds to the literature of production and operations management (mass-customisation), organisational studies and innovation science (organisational climate for innovation) and applied social sciences.

Information Technology Outsourcing Chain: Literature Review and Implications for Development of Distributed Coordination

The paper aims to analyse how the management science literature explains sustainable coordination and management of Information Technology (IT) outsourcing chains. The IT outsourcing theories,—that is, transaction cost theory, theory of agency, resource based view, activity based theory, contractual theory, partnership and alliance theory and stakeholder theory—are applied as a background to the analysis. A systematic literature review reveals that IT outsourcing is developed in collaborative networks and chains. There are some mechanisms identified in the literature for outsourcing chains’ management, interchain sustainability, coordination and interchain activities’ cohesion. The complexity of outsourcing relationships presented among outsourcers and outsourcees stimulate looking for new business models. Furthermore, outsourcing chains research would benefit from considering strategy-based theoretical discussions, relationship modelling and project management. The literature survey aims to present outsourcing chains in different aspects, that is, dynamics and agility, communication in chains, compensation and compliance, contracting, stakeholders, decision making models, governance problems, integration, performance measurement, project management and strategy development. This paper intends to emphasize that interchain coordination can be improved by enterprise architecture modelling as well as by the application of blockchain economy.

Perspective—The Deep Historical Roots of Organization and Strategy: Traumatic Shocks, Culture, and Institutions

We argue that organizations have deep roots in traumatic societal shocks that long preceded their founding. Drawing from the strategic management and social science literatures, we explain how traumatic shocks, such as conflict, disease, and natural disaster, can alter the institutional and cultural paths that determine future business environments. Historical shocks can help clarify the origin of cultural and institutional differences and help provide causal inference about why these differences are correlated with organizational structure and strategy. We explain specific cultural and institutional mechanisms through which historical traumatic shocks persist as well as specific organizational factors influenced by these mechanisms. We also provide guidance on key approaches for empirically linking traumatic shocks with modern firms as well as common identification problems in these methods. Our approach clarifies a path for clarifying theory on how culture and institutions shape firms and how management scholars might anticipate the evolution of market development following emerging traumatic shocks.