Management Of Toxic Effects Research Articles

Cardio-oncología y cardiotoxicidad

Cardio-oncology is a discipline that takes a comprehensive approach to cardiovascular disease in the cancer patient, in the presence of active cancer and in surviving patients. The modern concept of cardiotoxicity encompasses not only ventricular dysfunction and heart failure, but all toxic effects causing ischaemic heart disease, arrhythmias, systemic and pulmonary arterial hypertension, valvular heart disease, myocarditis, pericardial and thromboembolic disease. Cardiac imaging is the main tool for diagnosing and monitoring cardiovascular toxicity, and is complemented using biomarkers of myocardial injury. Management of toxic effects is based on the control of cardiovascular risk factors and heart-healthy lifestyles, introduction of heart failure drugs in the event of impaired ventricular function, and multidisciplinary assessment of the discontinuation of cancer treatment or use of alternative regimens, as well as cardioprotectors or less cardiotoxic formulations. After anti-tumour treatment has been completed, long-term cardiotoxicity surveillance should be continued in most patients, and and schedules for long-term follow-up of survivors are necessary.

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Lantana camara is one of the most commonly known noxious weed distributed worldwide. The red flower variety (L. camara var. aculeata) of this weed is mainly toxic and usually prevalent in tropical and sub-tropical countries. Lantana leads to hepatotoxicity, photosensitization and intrahepatic cholestasis almost in all the animals. LA is the main toxic pentacyclic triterpenoid present in this weed. Lantadene toxicity leads to fatty degeneration, bile duct hyperplasia, gall bladder edema, degeneration of parenchymal cells and portal fibrosis observed on histopathological examination. L. camara toxicity causes fluctuation in hematological as well as in biochemical parameters. The management of toxic effects can be achieved by activated charcoal, vaccination and supportive therapy but are not much effective. Besides the harmful effects of this plant, there are some beneficial effects also including antiinflammatory, hepatoprotective action, antitumor action etc. The control of this weed is difficult because of its allelopathic action. Nowadays this plant is used in many recent advanced techniques like phytoremediation of particulate pollution, phytoextraction of heavy metals and many others. Thereby the use of this plant in the field of research can be an effective way to manage this alien weed. As far as the toxicity is concerned it can be prevented by the using conventional therapeutic methods along with immunological, nanotechnological and biotechnological approaches. The aim of this article is to discuss the information regarding its progression, mechanism by which it affect animals, pathological alterations, treatment and what strategies we can opt to get rid of this weed. Rakesh Kumar * , Rahul Katiyar, Surender Kumar, Tarun Kumar and Vijay Singh

Gestion des toxicités des antiangiogéniques dans le traitement des cancers du rein

The recent development of antiangiogenic agents has revolutionized the management of renal cell carcinoma. In less than two-years, the French health authorities have approved the use of four drugs (sorafenib, sunitinib bevacizumab, temsirolimus) for the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma. A fifth drug (everolimus) should be on the market some time. Clinicians have changed their practice and are faced with a number of new adverse events. The management of toxic effects is essential to ensure treatment compliance and patient quality of life. The present report describes in detail the adverse events associated with each therapeutic class and the management of side effects.

Late toxicity in survivors from adolescent cancers

Nowadays three quarters of adolescents with cancer are cured but half of them experience a late toxic effect of antineoplastic therapy that interferes with their physical and psychosocial health. This review recapitulates late effects associated with radiation therapy, chemotherapy and surgery, reviews risk factors and prognosis and suggests follow-up and management strategies, excluding fertility issues. Adolescents with cancer should be the focus of active clinical research for the optimisation of antineoplastic treatment as well as for breakthroughs in the follow-up, prevention and management of toxic effects.