Management Of Facial Injuries Research Articles

Elite and Professional sports facial injuries management - a consensus report.

Whilst there have been great improvements in the management of elite and professional athletes with the formalisation of the clinical specialty of Sports and Exercise medicine, the management of facial injuries has perhaps lagged in this group. Professional athletic careers can be put in jeopardy due to unnecessarily long absences from training and competition after facial injuries. Professional and elite sports athletes can benefit from different approaches to the management of their facial injuries to reduce time away from competing but maximise their safety. On 6th December 2018, a consensus meeting of interested clinicians involved in the management of facial injuries of elite and professional athletes was held at the Royal Society of Medicine, London, UK to provide a contemporary review of the approaches to conservative, operative and recovery management of facial injuries. National experts with specialist experience of facial injuries presentation and athlete needs from a range of elite and professional sports led the day's programme and the discussions so that guidelines could be formulated. These are presented in this review paper.

Management of facial injuries in the emergency room

Facial injuries are cause of consultation in emergency departments. The maxillofacial region contains several structures that are vital for life. Hence, an early assessment and management of facial injuries is important to avoid their consequential complications and eventual mortality. This article is a review of the literature about the emergency clinical assessment and management of traumatic facial injuries by non-specialists.

Meta Analysis of Etiology and its Clinical and Radiological Correlation in Cases of Craniomaxillofacial Trauma.

The present study was planned to investigate the etiology of injuries and to analyze correlation between clinical and radiological findings in cases of craniomaxillofacial trauma. An 18months cross-sectional study was done and 325 patients with maxillofacial fractures were analyzed from January 2013 to June 2014 who reported to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh. Data was recorded in a preformed case sheet which included: patient's demographic data, cause of injury, type of injury, treatment plan. Out of the 325 patients, 74.4% were males with a male: female ratio of 2.91:1. The 21-30year age group was found to be maximum. Road traffic accidents accounted for 71.3%, followed by fall from height (19%) and assault (9.5%). Most commonly involved vehicles were two wheelers followed by public transport. Mandibular fractures (65%) were most prevalent, followed by zygomaticomaxillary complex (44.27%), parietal bone (48%) and orbital fractures (21.3%). Thirty-seven fractures (7.14%) were missed clinically which were confirmed later by radiographic technique. Maximum were in cranium region (57%) followed by mandible (27%), mid face region (16.21%). Thirty-three fractures (6.37%) were overestimated or suspected clinically which could not be confirmed by radiographic technique. Maximum were in mandible (48.5%) followed by mid face (36.33%) and cranium (15.15%). The idea behind this article is to analyze the various trends and affecting factors and correlation between clinical and radiological findings. A better understanding of the above said would help in future treatment planning and management of facial injuries.

Letter of Welcome

Congratulations. As a future dentist, you will soon embark on an exciting career that offers unlimited opportunities for personal growth and improving the oral health and lives of your patients. As you advance through your dental school curriculum, you will learn more about the nine ADA–recognized dental specialties and the skills and unique training that set them apart from general dentistry and each other. Whether you decide to practice general dentistry or pursue a dental specialty, you will from time to time be required to suture a wound or surgical incision in the oral cavity. Successful suturing techniques require careful attention to both function and esthetic concerns. The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) believes it is vital that the dentist placing a suture is trained in the proper technique, the use of appropriate materials, and the potential consequences of an improperly placed suture. We are pleased to present you with this Guide to Suturing to assist you in perfecting your suturing skills. We have also included information on biopsy techniques and prescription medication ordering that we trust you will find useful as you provide care for your patients in dental school and in the future. The AAOMS is the professional association that represents the more than 9,000 oral and maxillofacial surgeons practicing in the United States. As the surgical specialists of the dental profession, oral and maxillofacial surgeons are the experts in face, mouth, and jaw surgery. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons enjoy a far-reaching scope of practice that includes dentoalveolar and implant surgery, anesthesiology, management of facial injuries and deformities, treatment of oral, head, and neck cancer, and reconstructive and cosmetic surgery. It is an exciting surgical specialty that is both challenging and rewarding. As you consider your future in dentistry, I invite you to learn more about the specialty of oral and maxillofacial surgery by visiting our Web site at AAOMS.org and our new patient site at MyOMS.org. Sincerely,

FACIAL TRAUMA AMONG PATIENTS WITH HEAD INJURIES

Introduction: Facial trauma is without a doubt a most challenging area for any emergency physician. Despite many researches and advances in the understanding of multiple techniques; initial assessment and management of facial injuries in emergency and early stages remained a complex area for patient care. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of facial trauma among patients with head injuries that may help emergency department physicians to deliver accurate and quick diagnosis and decision. Trauma to this region is often associated with mortality and morbidity and varying degree of physical and functional damage. Study Design: Prospective Cross-sectional Descriptive

Study of the Pattern of Maxillofacial Fractures Seen at a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

The present study was planned to investigate the etiology of maxillofacial injuries and to analyze the pattern of maxillofacial factures as well as the various factors influencing their distribution. A one year cross-sectional study was done and 1,108 patients with maxillofacial fractures were analyzed consecutively from April 2010 to March 2011 who reported to the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in the Centre for Dental Education & Research and Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre, AIIMS, New Delhi. A performa was designed to collect the data that included age and sex distribution, etiology, influence of alcohol, type of fractures, use of restraints devices, associated injuries and treatment delivered. Out of 1,108 patients, 89.62% were males with a male:female ratio of 8.63:1. The 21-30year age group was found to be maximum (39.98%). Road traffic accidents accounted for 49.01%, followed by assault (22.38%) and fall from height (21.66%). Two wheelers were the most commonly involved vehicle. Out of 437 road traffic accident patients (excluding pedestrian, n=106), only 52.40% were found to be using restraints devices at the time of accident. Totally 25.45% patients were under the influence of alcohol at the time of injury. According to anatomical distribution of fractures, mandibular fractures (33.57%) were most prevalent, followed by maxilla (31.13%), nasal (28.33%) and zygoma (24.36%). Head injuries (18.32%) were found to be the most common associated injuries followed by lower limb fractures. The motive behind executing this article is to analyze the various trends of facial fractures and all those factors that affect their distribution. A perfect understanding of pattern of maxillofacial fracture will assist the executors of health care in the treatment planning and management of facial injuries. Knowledge gained from the present study would influence in assessing the effectiveness of existing preventive measures and elaboration of future preventive measures and conducting new research.

Sideline management of facial injuries

Physicians who cover sporting events frequently encounter facial injuries. These injuries include contusions, hematomas, abrasions, lacerations, ruptured tympanic membranes, and fractures. For most physicians covering events, the diagnoses and decisions on returning athletes to play must be made without many of the diagnostic tools available in the office, such as radiographs, nasopharyngoscopes, or CT scans. As a result, physicians must rely on focused histories and thorough physical examinations to make their diagnoses and ultimately determine if injured participants can continue in their respective events.

Sideline Management of Facial Injuries

Sideline Management of Facial Injuries

Psychological Complications of Maxillofacial Trauma: Preliminary Findings From a Nigerian University Teaching Hospital

This study sought to determine 1) the prevalence of psychological distress in a series of subjects who sustained maxillofacial injuries and 2) temporal changes in psychological functioning over 12 weeks compared with baseline values. This was a prospective, repeated-measures design study of consecutively recruited subjects at a Nigerian university teaching hospital. A total of 51 subjects with facial injuries had repeated follow-up assessments (10 days, 6 to 8 weeks, and 10 to 12 weeks) after the trauma, using standard instruments. The General Health Questionnaire identified a high prevalence of psychological morbidity in the subjects (90%), with 41.2% and 11.8% scoring above threshold values on the hospital anxiety and depression scales, respectively. Five subjects satisfied the criteria on the Trauma Screening Questionnaire for a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder during the follow-up period. Psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire caseness) remained at high levels during the 2 follow-up assessments. The management of facial injuries should integrate a multidisciplinary approach that addresses the psychological needs of the patients in both the short term and the long term.

Pediatric Craniomaxillofacial Trauma

The management of facial injuries has historically focused on adult trauma, accompanied by a conservative approach in the management of pediatric patients. Although facial injuries occur less frequently in children than adults, the pediatric emergency medicine physician will encounter these injuries frequently. A working knowledge of the different types of craniofacial injuries is required to make a diagnosis, order appropriate imaging, and facilitate management. This article reviews common injury patterns, pertinent anatomy and growth patterns, diagnostic tests of choice, and management considerations for pediatric craniomaxillofacial injuries.

The management of facial injuries in rugby union

Background: There are as yet no guidelines in rugby union for the management of facial lacerations which account for one-third of total injuries sustained by players. Method: We devised a...

Management of Facial Injuries

Because of the excellent blood supply to the head region, superficial lacerations to the soft tissue structures of the head generally heal rapidly without treatment. Lacerations of the equine tongue frequently go unnoticed because difficulty in eating usually is not apparent. The majority of lacerations heal if left untreated, with no loss in function. Surgical repair is indicated to promote healing and prevent deformity, to amputate a severely compromised apex, and to alter a scar or defect that is unacceptable to the owner. Surgical principles to be adhered to include thorough debridement and copious lavage, multiple layer closure, and placement of tension sutures away from the primary suture line and tied on the dorsum of the tongue. Full-thickness lip lacerations should be repaired using multiple-layer closure and tension sutures tied on the skin surface away from the primary suture line. Reconstructive techniques have been described for extensive lip lacerations when primary repair was inadequate or tissue loss was severe. Thorough evaluation of the equine lid, adnexa, and orbit is essential in determining severity of injury and appropriate treatment methods as well as for establishment of a prognosis. The injury may be minor or more severe, leading to blindness, disfigurement, or loss of the eye itself. Depression fractures involving the frontal, maxillary, or nasal bones are frequently open fractures. Skin abrasions, epistaxis, facial deformity, crepitus, and pain are clinical signs seen with this type of injury. Bone and soft tissue reconstruction should be performed to minimize potential complications. Facial fractures left untreated can result in facial deformity, sequestration, sinusitis, and osteomyelitis.

The Emergency Management of Facial Injuries

The Emergency Management of Facial Injuries

Proceedings: Management of facial injuries in the general hospital. Initial treatment by the general surgeon (introduction) (author's transl)

Proceedings: Management of facial injuries in the general hospital. Initial treatment by the general surgeon (introduction) (author's transl)

Management of Facial Injuries

Management of Facial Injuries

The Early Management of Facial Injuries

The Early Management of Facial Injuries

PLASTIC SURGERY FOR 1942

The literature on plastic surgery for 1942 shows a stimulated interest in the management of facial injuries and a wider application of the sulfonamide compounds in the local therapy of wounds. There are also many contributions on the treatment of shock and the problem of improving the general condition of injured patients before skin grafting or other surgical procedures are undertaken. These trends demonstrate that the otolaryngologist doing facial plastic surgery must be trained to give satisfactory early treatment for acute injuries of the face and to understand the general replacement therapy and dietary regimen for patients in shock. An important contribution in 1941 was the experimental work of Dupertuis, 1 which demonstrated the actual growth of young auricular and costal cartilage grafts in rabbits. If young human cartilage grafts continue to grow after transplantation, the surgical handling of saddle nose and other deformities in children may require revision. In this

Early Management of Facial Injuries

Early Management of Facial Injuries