Bank Managers Research Articles

Private Blockchain-Based Efficient Secure Cloud Data Storage Using Federated Learning Framework

Background: Some of the new challenges that consumers are confronted with include safeguarding data and privacy. Data retrieved from the cloud's external sources and the calculations that follow aren't always accurate. Addressing the risk of adversaries utilizing various exploitation techniques to compromise transactional data privacy is a basic concern when establishing big private networks. The profession of criminal investigation is quickly embracing new technologies, and one of these is blockchain. Every sector, from banking and supply chain management to smart apps and the Internet of Things (IoT), has been increasingly vulnerable to security threats in recent years. Methods: An effective solution to the "data island" problem, federated-learning (FL) has recently been a hot and broad concern topic. But as FL technology finds more practical uses, training management gets more complicated, and the trade-off of multi-tasking gets more difficult, due to the increasing quantity of FL tasks. A privacy-preserving FL framework with multi-tasks using a partitioned blockchain is proposed in this study to address this shortcoming. The framework may execute several FL tasks by separate requesters. To start, an FL task force is established to help with the visualization, organization, and administration of security aggregation. Result: In order to safeguard users' privacy and guarantee the accuracy of the global model, the suggested framework incorporates both Paillier-homomorphic-encryption(PHE) and Pearson-correlation-coefficient(PCC). Lastly, a novel incentive system based on the blockchain is introduced to encourage individuals to provide their valuable data. Conclusion: Our suggested framework achieves a global model accuracy of 99.2% according to the experimental data. Specifically, in the realm of industrial applications, the suggested framework is clearly more suited to real-world settings.

An Empirical Study on Bank Liquidity in India- Panel Data Approach

"Liquidity is critical for the smooth functioning of the banking industry. The study aims to investigate the impact of deposits, profitability, bank size, net interest margin, capital, non-performing assets, gross domestic product, interest rate, statutory liquid ratio, and cash reserve ratio on bank liquidity in India. The research methodology includes balanced panel data of 49 banks for analysis from 2008 onwards. A generalized method of moment technique has been employed to inspect the specified purpose. The results exhibit that non-performing assets, profitability, and deposits have positively influenced bank liquidity. In contrast, bank size, capital, net-interest margin, gross domestic product, interest rate, and cash reserve ratio negatively impact bank liquidity. The statutory liquid ratio has an insignificant effect on the liquidity of banks. The results would be helpful to bank managers, policymakers, and academics to make appropriate policies to preserve bank liquidity without suffering any loss or undefined costs."

Unveiling the Effects of COVID-19 on the Efficiency of Nigerian Banks

This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the efficiency of Nigerian banks. The study especially examined the effects of COVID-19 on the capital adequacy ratio (CAR), asset quality, management quality, earning potential, and liquidity of Nigeria's money deposit banks (MDBs) both before and after the outbreak. The project employed a longitudinal survey research approach. Data was taken from the banks under study's audited financial statements for the years 2017 through 2020. The descriptive statistics of percentage and bar charts were utilised in analysing the financial figures while the Sample T-test and the Wilcoxon Statistical Test were used via SPSS in testing the formulated hypotheses. Following a series of empirical tests, it was discovered that banks' capacity to generate money and the quality of their assets both increased more during the COVID-19 epidemic. The outcome also demonstrates that banks' capital adequacy (CAR), management effectiveness, and liquidity were most significantly impacted by the COVID-19 problem as their values declined in comparison to before the epidemic. Consequently, the study recommended that banks should plan and prepare for eventualities like that of the COVID-19 in the future so as to be better prepared in innovating new measures to run and sustain their operations in the face of such eventualities.

QUALITY OF SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING AND BANK STABILITY: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM VIETNAMESE COMMERCIAL BANKS

The purpose of this study is twofold. First, we attempt to quantify the quality of bank sustainability reporting (QSR) since the 2016 mandatory sustainability disclosure in Vietnam. Content analysis of banks’ annual reports is performed to assess 11 QSR items that are used to build the QSR index. Second, we investigate whether the quality of sustainability reporting influences banks’ financial stability. Employing a sample of 159 banking firm observations over the period 2016–2021, we document that the quality of sustainability reporting in Vietnamese commercial banks increased from year to year. Importantly, our empirical evidence shows that a higher level of QSR contributes to better bank stability. This result is robust to various estimation methods, different components of QSR, an alternative measure of bank stability, and controlling for reverse causality. Our findings provide important implications for bank managers by highlighting that the enhancement of QSR increases bank stability.

Credit risk management: An imperative for profitability of Centenary Bank Kabale Branch

Purpose: This study focuses on establishing the effect of credit risk management on the profitability of the Centenary Bank Kabale Branch. Credit Risk Management was operationalized as credit risk identification, risk assessment, and risk control, while profitability was operationalized as Return on Equity, Return on Assets, and Non-Performing Loans. Research methodology: The study population comprised of 140 respondents. A sample size of 103 respondents was obtained using the Krejcie and Morgan 1970 table for sample determination. This study adopted a mixed method approach. Quantitative data were collected using Self-Administered Questionnaires and analyzed using Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using content analysis. Results: The findings indicate that the majority of the respondents were male, aged 31–40 years, and bachelor’s degree holders. Risk identification (r=0.882), risk assessment (r=0.776), and risk controls (r=0.829) have a significant positive relationship with profitability at the central bank. Limitations: The limitations include bias from the respondents and the study being conducted in only one branch, making generalization difficult. Contribution: These investigations have informed Centenary Bank managers of the importance of credit risk identification, risk assessment, and risk control. Managers should focus on mitigation measures to reduce risks, create a credit risk assessment team to evaluate risks, establish strategies, and prioritize risk management practices by implementing policies in place. The findings contribute to the literature on credit risk management in terms of the central bank. Novelty: Previous similar research only studied how environmental accounting is implemented in a hospital and did not compare its implementation before, during, and after a pandemic.

Research on Bank Hall Service Management Strategy of Rural Commercial Bank

With the transformation and upgrading of financial technology, people's demand for personalized banking services is getting higher and higher. In order to meet people's growing financial needs, commercial banks have carried out a series of branch transformation and upgrading. As the main business place of physical network, the hall of rural commercial bank plays an irreplaceable role in electronic channels and virtual places. After decades of development, rural commercial banks have carried out a series of reforms and innovations. At present, the external layout of hall outlets, such as intelligent machinery, electronic equipment, and standardized network construction, has achieved initial results. Under the background of network transformation, the network construction of rural commercial banks has undergone great changes, but the concept of hall operation service has not matched the network construction in time, and can not adapt to the requirements of banking development under the new situation. In view of this situation, this paper explores the hall management and operation services of rural commercial banks, with the purpose of improving the hall service efficiency of rural commercial banks, improving the enthusiasm of employees, improving the service quality and efficiency, and increasing the profitability of banks.Taking the branch hall management of commercial banks in rural areas as the entry point, this paper uses literature research, process reengineering, salary management and other relevant theoretical research methods, SWOT analysis and other methods to analyze the problems existing in the transformation and upgrading process of branch halls of rural commercial banks, such as unreasonable staffing, cumbersome processes, low efficiency and low customer satisfaction. This paper explores the causes of such problems according to the problems, that is, backward management system, market positioning, low entry conditions for competitors, and low scale effect. Finally, it aims to improve system management, optimize organizational framework, integrate hall zoning, refine the division of labor, increase scientific and technological support, and innovate service modes. Improve the assessment mechanism, and put forward constructive suggestions on hall management and marketing strategy in the process of network transformation and upgrading to employees. The research in this paper can improve the service quality and efficiency of hall staff, improve the post adaptability of hall staff, thus improve marketing performance, realize the transformation and upgrading of outlets, and achieve greater economic benefits of rural commercial banks.

Board Diversity and Earnings Quality of Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria

Investors’ confidence in the financial reporting process has been hampered because of unethical accounting practices and earnings management and this could be as a result of weak governance structures. The main objective of this study therefore was to examine the effect of board diversity on earnings quality of deposit money banks listed on the floor of the Nigerian Exchange Group from 2014-2023. The independent variable of the study was proxied by board age diversity, board experience diversity and board financial expertise, while the dependent variable was proxied by discretionary loan loss provision. The research design adopted for this study was ex post facto because secondary data were used. The sample size of this study was 10 deposit money banks purposively selected. Ordinary least square regression was used to analyze the data used and statistical software package employed was E-view version 10. The findings of the study revealed that board age diversity has a non-significant negative effect on the discretionary loan loss provisions; experience diversity and board financial expertise have significant negative effect on discretionary loan loss provisions of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. Thus, it was concluded that board diversity has significant influence on earnings quality of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. Therefore, it was recommended that the management of deposit money banks should prioritize recruiting board members with robust financial background and expertise to enhance both their earnings quality and financial risk management strategies.

Financial Risk Management of Banks in India

Financial Risk Management of Banks in India

Socio-economic issues and bank stability: The moderating role of competition

Bank stability has emerged as an area of colossal importance for economic and social well-being, especially in the aftermath of the global financial crisis of 2007–2008. Therefore, this paper examines the impact of socio-economic factors like corruption, political risk, and financial inclusion on the stability of banks. It also investigates whether bank competition interacts with socio-economic factors for the impact on bank stability. Through the use of a dynamic panel estimator and international bank data on country-level indicators spanning 139 nations from 2011 to 2021, our findings indicate that political risk and corruption impede bank stability while financial inclusion promotes it. Subsequent, investigation reveals that competition lessens the detrimental impact of corruption on bank stability while enhancing the stabilizing effects of financial inclusion and political risk. These findings have implications for regulators, government, and bank management in achieving social welfare and bank stability simultaneously.

Strategi Komunikasi Pemkot Depok Dalam Kampanye 3R Melalui Bank Sampah Menuju Lingkungan Yang Bersih Dan Sehat

The research objective is to explain and evaluate the Depok City Government's communication strategy in the 3R campaign through the Waste Bank to create a clean and healthy environment. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design to explore the Depok City Government's communication strategy in the 3R campaign through the Waste Bank. Primary data was obtained through in-depth interviews and FGDs with City Government officials, Waste Bank managers and the community, while secondary data was taken from official documents and media publications. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis techniques to identify key themes, patterns and relevant relationships, providing a comprehensive picture of the success of the 3R campaign in Depok. The result of this work is that the Depok community's awareness of the importance of 3R has increased significantly with active participation in seminars, workshops and training organized by the Depok City Government. The effectiveness of the Waste Bank and the use of social media and information technology has succeeded in reducing the amount of waste in landfills and empowering the community in managing household waste. Collaboration between the City Government, the private sector and local communities through CSR support and active participation of environmental communities has had a positive impact. Regular evaluation and improvement of infrastructure is a priority for the Depok City Government, with incentives and rewards to encourage community participation, ensuring the sustainability of the 3R program.

Prevalence of low back pain and associated factors among bank workers at Hawassa city, Northern Zone, Sidama Region, Southern Ethiopia

BackgroundLower back pain (LBP) is a public health threat that affects people who frequently experience sedentary working conditions. Few studies reported on low back pain among bank workers in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the magnitude and associated factors of low back pain among bank workers in Hawassa City, Sidama Region, Ethiopia.MethodsThis institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 20, 2023, to June 30, 2023. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select participants, and data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire, entered into Epidata version 4.6, and transferred to SPSS version 25 for further analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the independent predictors of lower back pain.ResultsOf the 627 total study participants, six hundred seven bank workers participated in the study, with a response rate of 96.8%. The overall magnitude of lower back pain among the study population was 55.2%, with a 95% confidence interval (CI 51.1–59). Based on the multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, being in a manager position (AOR = 3.85; 95% CI = (1.2,12), a level 2 banker (AOR = 3.8; 95% CI = (1.9,8.9), age 30–39 years (AOR = 4; 95% CI = (2,12.4), an age ≥ 40 years (AOR = 5.4; 95% CI= (3.04,16.3), working in sufficient space (AOR = 0.4; 95% CI = (0.3,0.9), and physical activity (AOR = 0.2; 95% CI = (0.1,0.8)) were significantly associated with low back pain.ConclusionThe prevalence of low back pain among the bank workers was high in the study area. Being in a managerial position, being a level two banker, being aged 30–39 years, being aged ≥ 40 years, working in sufficient space, and engaging in physical activity were significantly associated. Therefore, it is essential to establish a health screening team, create awareness programs for the benefit of physical activity, provide sufficient working space, and give special attention to elderly and senior bankers and bank managers to reduce the risk of developing low back pain.

Credit risk and Tunisian bank stability in the Covid-19 wave

<p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,Times,serif"><span dir="ltr" lang="EN-US"><span style="color:black">Banks are at the core of economic functioning in various countries and are the cause of their development in various fields. In a changing environment, they must deal with certain risks and maintain financial stability as the ultimate objective. The primary objective of this study is to examine the correlation between credit risk and bank stability within the Tunisian banking sector, with a specific focus on understanding the moderating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. To achieve this, we employ several econometric techniques, including panel unit root and cointegration tests, panel Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS), and Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS). Our empirical analysis relies on a panel dataset that encompasses a comprehensive sample of 8 Tunisian banks over 2000-2020. The results of our analysis unveil a significant negative relationship between credit risk and bank stability, indicating that higher levels of credit risk exert a detrimental effect on the overall stability of Tunisian banks. Furthermore, our study highlights that this adverse impact is further exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that the pandemic acts as a moderator. The findings of this study hold substantial implications for policymakers, regulators, and bank managers in Tunisia. They emphasize the critical importance of implementing robust risk management practices to mitigate credit risk and bolster bank stability. Additionally, the research underscores the need to consider the unique challenges introduced by external shocks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, when assessing the overall stability of the banking system.</span></span></span></span></p>

Power Relations in Waste Management Policy in Jakarta Provincial Government: Case Study of Waste Bank Management Policy in North Rawa Badak Urban Village

Power Relations in Waste Management Policy in Jakarta Provincial Government: Case Study of Waste Bank Management Policy in North Rawa Badak Urban Village

HOUSEWIVES EMPOWERMENT THROUGH WASTE RECYCLE BAGS TRAINING

The Garbage Bank is a strategy for implementing the Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (3R) principles in waste management in society. Airlangga University through the community program held a Garbage Bank activity located in RT 20 Tanah Kali Kedinding Village. This activity was attended by ten participants from housewives in the area. Since 2020, the Garbage Bank in this area has been carried out, however it still needs a follow-up community service programs so that the Garbage Bank becomes more representative and productive. The Surabaya City Government's policy that prohibits the use of plastic bags in shops/malls provides an opportunity for the Kali Kedinding Land Waste Bank Manager to process inorganic waste into useful and economically valuable items such as shopping bags. In this regard, housewives as waste bank managers also have a strong will to manage inorganic waste. However, there are several problems related to the development of expertise in making shopping bags from inorganic household waste. Not all housewives have a good understanding of using inorganic waste and processing it into shopping bags that have a sale value. Based on these problems, this community service program is directed at providing training on sewing bags from inorganic household waste, training on selling products online through marketplaces, training on business financial management, and training on business organizational governance. The training was conducted in four meetings with a different topic each week. It is hoped that this program can increase awarness about waste management and improve the community's economy. This is in accordance with the indicators of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), namely increasing economic growth, productive employment opportunities, and decent work for the community, and focusing on the efficient use of resources, minimizing waste, and increasing the production of recycled waste in the environment.

The relation between efficiency of credit operation and non-performing loans—An application of network DEA model with undesirable outputs

To evaluate the efficiency of decision-making units, researchers continually develop models simulating the production process of organizations. This study formulates a network model integrating undesirable outputs to measure the efficiency of Vietnam’s banking industry. Employing methodologies from the data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach, the efficiency scores for these banks are subsequently computed and comparatively analyzed. The empirical results indicate that the incorporation of undesirable output variables in the efficiency evaluation model leads to significantly lower efficiency scores compared to the conventional DEA model. In practical terms, the study unveils a deterioration in the efficiency of banking operations in Vietnam during the post-Covid era, primarily attributed to deficiencies in credit risk management. These findings contribute to heightening awareness among bank managers regarding the pivotal importance of credit management activities.

Talented managers, bank dividend policy and policy uncertainty

ABSTRACT The paper examines whether bank managers have significant idiosyncratic effects on dividend policy that are not related to bank characteristics. Using the quarterly data of US banks from 2001:Q1–2021:Q2, we document high ably-managed banks tend to pay higher dividends, and this effect is more pronounced amid high policy uncertainty. Our findings remain robust under a battery of robustness tests.

Effects of Expected Credit Losses on Credit Risk Management in Commercial Banks in East Africa

Effects of Expected Credit Losses on Credit Risk Management in Commercial Banks in East Africa

Exploring the relationship between talent management, work-life balance, and job satisfaction in state-owned banking: a mediation analysis

The objective of this study is to examine how job satisfaction mediates the relationship between talent management and work-life balance, and employee performance in state-owned banks. The analysis employed quantitative analysis and data collection approaches, namely a questionnaire issued to 127 employees using Google Forms. Performing data analysis utilising the structural partial least squares (SEM-PLS) equation model. The findings indicated that both talent management and work-life balance have a direct and substantial favourable impact on employee performance. This study also discovered that job satisfaction had a role in partially mediating the impact of talent management on employee performance. Job satisfaction somewhat mediates the impact of talent management and work-life balance on employee performance. These findings indicate the importance of consistently focusing on and enhancing talent management methods and work-life balance in order to enhance employee performance.

Credit Risk Management and Financial Performance of Listed Commercial Banks in Kenya

Commercial banks are concerned with the provision of credit facilities in form of loans and advances to customers. These loans and advances are expected to be repaid by customers in line with the agreement reached with their bankers. Customers’ default in the repayment of loans and advances at the agreed period may lead to bad and doubtful debts and this can affect the financial health, profitability and going concern status of the bank. This study empirically explored the effect of credit risk management on the financial performance of nine listed commercial banks in Kenya for the period, 2018-2022. Credit risk management as the independent variable, was surrogated by two parameters- loans to deposit ratio and Non-performing Loans ratio. Return on Assets was used as a proxy for financial performance of the listed commercial banks in Kenya. The study utilized the information asymmetry theory and the theory of moral hazard and adverse selection. A correlational research design, using secondary data derived from listed commercial banks’ annual audited reports and information from Nairobi Securities Exchange was used in this study. The target population of the study was the nine listed commercial banks in Kenya. A pilot study was carried by performing the normality and multi-collinearity tests from the sample data collected for purposes of assessing the reliability and validity of the model. A census method was adopted in data collection since the target population was manageable. Collected data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 28 where both descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used to describe and depict the results (Mean, Standard Deviation, Correlation, Regression and Analysis of variances). The findings of the study revealed a statistically significant regression effect and indicative of accomplished prediction of financial performance of the listed commercial banks through the F-calculated value which showed that the model was significant. Loan to deposit ratio explained .4% (r =.280) of financial performance of listed commercial banks in Kenya and non-performing loans ratio -36.5% (r=-.681) of financial performance of the listed commercial banks in Kenya. The study will be expected to add to the existing literature in the finance field and more importantly, the credit risk management in commercial banks and other related sectors. The study recommended that; management balance the ratio of financing between equity, debt and customer deposits to extend lending capacity, and generate high earnings volume; desist from holding capital without investing for improved financial achievement; management should maintain a moderate level of Loans and advances to deposit ratio since it is a measure of the banks’ ability to survive withdrawals, because higher rates lead to liquidity problems; give credit-risk management prominence in their strategic policies and finally, due to the continuous deterioration and accumulation of the nonperforming loans, management ought to strengthen loan recovery measures. Keywords: Credit Risk Management, Financial Performance, Listed Banks, Equity Multiplier Ratio, Capital Adequacy Ratio, Nonperforming Loans

Employee training and bank stability

AbstractUsing a unique data set of Italian banks covering the 2011 to 2019 period, this study investigates the influence of human resource training on bank stability and examines whether this relationship is affected by bank efficiency and credit risk. In line with the resource‐based view (RBV) of the firm, our findings suggest that employee training exerts a positive impact on bank stability. Credit risk and bank efficiency are also identified as potential drivers in this relationship. Importantly, our results remain robust when addressing endogeneity issues and considering alternative model specifications. This study offers novel insights into the impact of employee‐related variables on bank performance. The practical implications of our findings hold relevance for both banks and regulatory authorities, as human resource training can profoundly influence the effectiveness of risk management strategies and, ultimately, the sound and prudent management of banks.