Malay Literature Research Articles

The Evolution of the Story of Prophet Yusuf (PBUH) in Malay Literature and the Influence of Arabic Literature

The Evolution of the Story of Prophet Yusuf (PBUH) in Malay Literature and the Influence of Arabic Literature

Keris Mas and the Establishment of the ASAS 50’s in Modern Malay Literature

Keris Mas and the Establishment of the ASAS 50’s in Modern Malay Literature

Digitizing literature teaching materials through the AnyFlip application

Literature is considered a refined and aesthetic literary art (Ali Ahmad, 1994). However, it can be understood that Malay literature is a reflection of society. Literature is also seen as a medium utilized by authors to convey ideologies, experiences, thoughts, and knowledge in a concrete form. Literary works function as education, teaching, and aesthetic satisfaction. Therefore, literary works are crucial to be highlighted as primary reading materials because they are rich in knowledge. Works produced by National Laureates, for example, have significant meanings that need interpretation. Indirectly, they are important in shaping the character of society. On the other hand, literature seems to be marginalized and looked down upon. Literary works are often considered boring, lacking commercial value, and using language that is difficult to understand. The lack of teaching aids is also criticized as one of the factors making it difficult for students to review in a more systematic way. This study was conducted to change the public perception of literature and make literature learning more accessible, easier, and less boring. The study explores learning innovation through the AnyFlip digital book. It focused on award-winning short stories by National Laureates, including "Angin Timur Laut" (1969) by S.Othman Kelantan, "Gunung" (1988) by Shahnon Ahmad, "Perjalanan Terakhir" (1971) by Anwar Ridhwan, and "Darah dan Airmata" (1984) by Keris Mas. A quantitative method, using a survey instrument in Google Forms, was conducted on 26 part time students of JMK221, Modern Malay Fiction at the School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia. The study was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) system. The study found that digital short stories had a positive impact on students. This acceptance proves that literary materials should be updated to attract the interest of students, particularly Generation Z, and that literary knowledge can be delivered more efficiently and interactively.

ACCENTUATING STYLISTIC FEATURES IN THE NARRATIVE TECHNIQUE OF HIKAYAT GUL BAKAWALI

This article describes stylistic features found in Hikayat Gul Bakawali, an ancient love tale of Indian origin translated into Classical Malay in 1875 from an Urdu prose version composed by Nihal Chand Lahori entitled, “Mazhab-e ‘Ishq, urf Gul-e Bakawali,” (The Religion of Love, or the Rose of Bakawali), published in Calcutta in 1804. Although the original tale stems from within the Hindu world view, the Urdu version of 1804 firmly situates the tale within an Islamic framework. Under study is the first known Malay translation by Munsyi Syaikh Muhammad Ali bin Ghulam Husain al-Hindi, a literary scholar of Indian origin living perhaps in one of the cultural centres of the Malay peninsula, who acquired a fine mastery of Classical Malay literature and translated several religious and linguistic texts directly from Arabic as well. The thrust of the discussion is upon the translation and analysis of specific passages, presented successively with emphasis on certain themes or rhetorical strategies. The power of binary oppositions is emphasized on all levels, from that of the description of the characters, to oppositions on the semantic level in many passages. Of interest is the character development of the hero, a human prince in love with the Fairy Princess Puteri Bakawli. Analysed are the hero’s use of language in describing himself to attract the empathy and assistance of his addressees, as well as the narrator’s description of the hero’s bravery and persistence as a faithful lover never to give up on in his quests.

Pengaruh Budaya Lisan Terhadap Narasi dalam Sastra Melayu Klasik

Malay literature is written work originating from Malay culture and traditions. Malay literature has a long history that reflects the culture, religion and social life of Malay society. Literature plays an important role in shaping the character of a country which can create a beautiful impression on those who see it. Malay literature which is based on values ​​not only colors the lives of nobles, but also among ordinary people. Malay culture contains morals that greatly contribute to the formation of Indonesian society. In the study of Malay literature, there are 2 aspects that must be studied and instilled in the nation's future generations, namely classical Malay literary works and modern literary works. So that Malay culture is not lost over time.

Sufi Archipelago:Biography and Thoughts of Hamzah Fansuri

This research aims to explore the ulama tradition through the biography and thoughts of Hamzah Fansuri, a leading scholar and writer during the Aceh sultanate in the 16th century AD. Through a qualitative and historical approach, this research analyzes Hamzah Fansuri's works and explores his Sufism thoughts. includes the concepts of metaphysics, ethics and theology. Data was collected from a variety of primary and secondary sources, including classic manuscripts and contemporary academic studies. The results of this research show that Hamzah Fansuri not only played a role as a propagator of Sufism but also as a pioneer in Malay literature who succeeded in integrating local and Islamic elements in his work. It is hoped that this research can make a significant contribution to the study of Islamic intellectual history in the archipelago and inspire further research on other classical scholars.

Leksem Lidah dalam Peribahasa Melayu Kajian Semantik Inkuisitif

<p><em>Inquisitive semantic study is a study that aims to find out the deeper and broader meaning of a proverb. Through inquisitive semantic study you can also find out what the implied meaning of a proverb is. The tongue is one of the organs in the human body, it is one of the important organs in the human body, if someone does not have a tongue, it will be difficult to speak and convey things. This research aims to explain the meaning and domain of a proverb which has the object of the tongue based on inquisitive semantic studies. The data collection method used was the reading and note-taking method. The data obtained came from the Malay Literature Reference Center. Data analysis was carried out in three stages, namely the first stage of script semantics, the second stage of cognitive semantics, and the final stage of inquisitive semantics. The research results show that Malay proverbs which have the object of the tongue contain many domains, including the domain of caution, the domain of loss, and the domain of futility.</em></p>

Book Review ‘Raja Ali Haji: Leading Thinker of 19th Century Malay World’ (Malay Version)

This book contains a collection of nine research results undertaken by scholars and researchers of Malay literature. The prominence and contribution of Raja Ali Haji's authorship in various genres has been analyzed in depth from various notions and approaches. The essence of Raja Ali Haji's literary thought and aesthetics in building and strengthening the character of the ummah and the Malay nation has been revealed. This book is useful as an important reference for the heritage of Malay literature, especially for getting to know the figures and works of the past.

The Existence of Classical Malay Literature in the Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0

This study aims to investigate the structure of Syair Gulung that are still being created, the materials, themes, the publics’ acceptance and the effectiveness of syair gulung. The Syair Gulung were studied from three books, namely Syair Bunga Jambu, Syair Gulung Ketapang and Kumpulan Naskah Lomba Syair Gulung. The heuristic and hermeneutic reading methods were used in this study. The findings indicate that the structure of Syair Gulung was relatively similar to the hundred-years-old general verse pattern: the opening and closing stanzas were formulaic, consisting of four words, rhyming a-a-a-a. Some of the materials that were processed into poetry came from folklore and some from daily social activities. The themes of Syair Gulung were related to love, greed, preservation of Malay culture, love for Islam and the Prophet of Muhammad as well as effort to create and maintain the harmonization of the nation and state. At the same time, given the fact that until present, Syair Gulung are still being created and sung on various occasions, even being contested among students and the general public. It can interpreted that Syair Gulung are still effective in carrying out the function as a medium for conveying certain messages.

Exploring Innovation in the Development of Teaching Aids among Prospective Teachers for the Implementation of Assessment of Reading Skills

The use of teaching aids during the teaching and learning process (T&L) is very important for teachers to ensure that the delivery of information related to the subjects taught is more clear, systematic and can be followed by students better. Educators of the 21st century are advised to innovate in developing teaching aids to improve in the Malay language skills continuously as contained in the Malaysian Education Development Plan (PPPM) 2013-2025. The research question of this study is i) what kind of teaching aids are developed by prospective teachers in teaching and learning Malay language?, ii) what is the challenge of developing innovative teaching aids among prospective teachers for teaching and learning the Malay language, and iii) what are the skills of innovation in the development of teaching aids among prospective teachers for teaching and learning the Malay language?. The qualitative survey involved a total of seven prospective Malay Language teachers. The results of the study through interviews and observations found that the development of teaching aids showed that the participants have high skills and knowledge, the participants have creative and innovative skills by combining various materials, can move the T&L process more effectively in developing teaching aids for Malay language and Malay literature. The results of teaching aids innovations that they develop help students to easily understand the topics taught in class. The diversity in the selection of teaching aids in this study can be applied to other subjects in future studies.

Between Knowledge or Story: Analysis of Restu Novel As A Malay Literature Subject Text Based on The Idea of New Literature

Between Knowledge or Story: Analysis of Restu Novel As A Malay Literature Subject Text Based on The Idea of New Literature

ISLAM IN MODERN MALAY LITERATURE: EXAMINING THE ROLE AND POSITION OF “STORY” ACCORDING TO PERSURATAN BARU

This article discusses the synchronisation of Persuratan Baru’s idea on the role and position of stories in literature to Islam. Persuratan Baru (PB) is a literary notion proposed by Mohd. Affandi Hassan as an alternative to resolve the confusion of knowledge in modern Malay literature. To this end, PB upholds Islam particularly its core doctrine Tawhid as its conceptual framework which recognises the Qur’an and Prophetic Sunnah as legitimate sources of knowledge. Among the major ideas of PB is “Ilmu-Cerita” (Knowledge-Story) which prioritises “Ilmu” (Knowledge) and subordinates “Cerita” (Story) to “Ilmu.” More important is Affandi Hassan’s statement that his idea of “Ilmu-Cerita” is indeed Islamic as it is inspired by the Qur’an. No critical research has examined the synchronisation of PB idea and “Ilmu-Cerita” to Islam. This article is structured to achieve two objectives. Firstly, to discuss PB’s idea on “Ilmu-Cerita” as expounded by Affandi Hassan in his writings. Secondly, to examine the synchronisation of the idea to Islam by referring to authoritative (mu’tabar) Arabic commentaries of the Qur’an. This study applies a textual analysis approach that outlines two levels of reading procedure, i.e., descriptive reading and analytical reading. The study reveals that in PB’s perspective the aim of literary writing is to convey ilmu (knowledge), and therefore cerita (story) functions as a tool in conveying knowledge. Close reading on the mu’tabar Arabic commentaries of the Qur’an reveals that stories in the Qur’an seek to convey knowledge, i.e., good lessons that benefit mankind in everyday life. In this context that stories in the Islamic perspective serve as a tool to convey knowledge. With this understanding, PB’s idea of “Knowledge-Story” is found in synchronisation with the teaching of Islam.

The Development of Munshi Abdullah’s Framework of Modernity in Malay Literature: A Critical Observation

The West introduced modernity in literature to relevantize their contribution to scholarship in the Malay Archipelago. This led to the acknowledgement of Munshi Abdullah as a key reformer. Despite various scholarly discussions concerning the modernity of Munshi Abdullah’s writing, there has been no systematic idea in relation to the framework of the modernity of his writings. Thus, this study aims to organise scholars’ views on Munshi Abdullah’s modernity in Malay literature from the colonial era to now and create a framework for it. This study employs a qualitative method in the form of grounded theory. It is a method of deriving theories directly from gathered data that is systematically analysed using comparative analysis. The findings outline the framework of modernity in literature by Munshi Abdullah based on two concepts; realism and individualism. Realism emphasises logical thinking and the rejection of superstitions, while individualism highlights on individual viewpoints and the rejection of institutional authority. Through the construction of this framework, studies concerning modernity in traditional and modern literary works can be carried out systematically. Lastly, this study may broaden the audience’s understanding of the modernity of Munshi Abdullah’s writings, which, up until now, has not been supported by a clear framework.

Theoritical Implementation As Folklore Digital Reconstruction In Malay Literature Education

Folklore encompasses a variety of aspects, whether narratives or in other formats, and it needs to be moulded into a more creative and innovative form in line with the revolution of this century. Folklore which conveys messages underlying the expression of feelings of society can be categorised into two forms, i.e. narratives and non-narratives or the ones that are told in prose and poetry. The intrinsic values and lessons in the storytelling of folk tales are sub-primary elements in folk literature that can create deep learning in learners. For literary works to have a significant impact on literary education, they must take into account the evolving interests and demands of today's learners. In addition to emphasising the value of folklore teachings offered to secondary students, folklore education should be prioritised in the adult education curriculum. Folklore research has been done from a variety of angles, primarily qualitative ones in the language and semantic domains. Despite this, several literature reviews noted that some folklore studies using other methodologies are still insufficient. Therefore, this concept paper outlines theoretical adaptation, which can be implemented in folklore studies particularly to develop a new module. The aspects of the discussions are based on theoretical andragogy literature reviews by Knowles (1996), and Vygotsky Social Constructivism (1978), which can be applied in folklore learning. As a suggestion, this theoretical discussion will serve as the foundation for literary studies in transition to digital reconstruction using Richey and Klien's (2007) Development and Design Research (DDR) to design and build a new innovative module, a model, guideline, a framework or even an instrument, particularly as an added value in teaching and facilitation in the field of the Malay literature education.

Sitasi Koleksi Naskah Kuno Pada Skripsi Mahasiswa Prodi Sastra Melayu Tahun2016-2019 Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Lancang Kuning Pekanbaru

The aim of this research is to determine the frequency of cited manuscript authors, the types of cited manuscripts, the languages of cited manuscripts, and the most frequently cited publication years. This study focuses on the theses of Malay Literature students from the Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Lancang Kuning, from 2016 to 2019. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive. Data collection is conducted through observation and documentation. The data is collected from the bibliography of the theses of Malay Literature students from the Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Lancang Kuning, from 2016 to 2019, totaling 196 theses. The results of this research indicate that among the theses, 51 of them used ancient manuscripts from 2016 to 2019, with a total of 222 citations. Among the 222 citations, the most frequently cited type of manuscript is religious manuscripts, accounting for 27 citations (54%). The most frequently cited language of the manuscripts is Aksara language, with 55.92%, totaling 184 citations. The most frequently cited author is Syeh Abu, with 23 citations, accounting for 30.66% of the total. Additionally, 120 citations, or 38.33% of the total, indicate the most frequently cited publication years ranging from 1965 to 2015.

PENTERJEMAHAN KARYA SASTERA MELAYU OLEH INSTITUT TERJEMAHAN & BUKU MALAYSIA [THE TRANSLATION OF MALAY LITERARY WORKS BY INSTITUT TERJEMAHAN & BUKU MALAYSIA

This article documents the publication of Malay literary works translated into foreign languages in Malaysia by the Malaysian Institute of Translation and Books from 1993 until 2018. This study uses the translation archeology method by D'hulst to obtain information about (i) translated literary works, (ii) parties involved, (iii) translation funding, (iv) method of translation and (v) function of translated literary works for the audience. The results show that the publication of Malay literary works into foreign languages only started in 2006. The publication of Malay Literature in foreign languages is divided into two categories – National Literature and Children's Literature. Within 25 years, 263 titles have been published in 12 foreign languages. The highest publication titles were translated from Malay into English, with 167 titles. There were 120 translators involved in this publication; 41 were native speakers (L1), while 79 were non-native speakers (L2). The most translated work by a Malaysian writer into foreign languages ​​is A. Samad Said for the National Literature category, while Rahimidin Zahari's work is the most translated for Children's Literature. The publication of Malay literary works into foreign languages was funded by ten international publishers using a cost-sharing strategy that included Germany, Japan, and Taiwan. This study implies that the documentation using this archaeological translation method can provide a complete picture of Malaysia's history, development, and translation activity.

Moderate Propositional Theory of Literary Truth oleh Jukka Mikkonen: Satu Pengenalan Terhadap Kesusasteraan Melayu Moden

This study stems from a literature review that discovers that main ideas of Moderate Propositional Theory of Literary Truth has been discussed and applied to multiple fields of study using various languages including Portuguese, Russian, Finnish and English. This invites a study to discuss the main ideas of the model in Malay literature using the Malay language. This article outlines two objectives. First, to relate the main ideas in the model of Moderate Propositional Theory of Literary Truth with Malay literary works. Second, to sum up the main ideas of Moderate Propositional Theory of Literary Truth by Jukka Mikkonen. The results of the analysis found that Moderate Propositional Theory of Literary Truth presents three ways for philosophy to be conveyed through fiction, which are literary assertions, literary suggestions and literary hypotheses. An analysis of the relationship between the literary assertions and “Pujangga Melayu” by Mohd. Affandi Hassan, literary suggestions and “Salina” by A. Samad Said, and literary hypotheses and “Di Negeri Belalang” by Anwar Ridhwan found that the three ways of conveying philosophy offer different features and aspects in shaping what is called “philosophical fiction”.

From Hikayat Hang Tuah to Bharat Ek-Khoj: A Malay Culture Hero in an Indian Docudrama

Hang Tuah, the most illustrious warrior figure in Malay literature, is said to have lived in Malacca during the reign of Sultan Mansur Shah in the 15th century. The story of Hang Tuah has fascinated audiences for many centuries and continues to be retold and fashioned to attract modern audiences. This study traces the adaptation of Hang Tuah across different languages, cultures and media. It explores the adaptation of Hang Tuah by an Indian from India. The objective of this study is to analyse what transpires in the adaptation of a Malay literary text to an Indian docudrama and make a close analysis of Hang Tuah as a Malay culture hero based on Hikayat Hang Tuah. His qualities as a culture hero are discussed thoroughly according to the concept of a culture hero by Jerome Long. At the same time, this research allows the readers to go into the Indian mind, asking especially the director to explain why he decided to adapt Hang Tuah in his historical docudrama. This study article critically analyses the transformation of the Malay culture hero, Hang Tuah, in the literary text entitled Hikayat Hang Tuah to Hang Tuah in the docudrama entitled Bharat Ek-Khoj. The transformation is examined in the context of literature-to-film adaptation. The relation between the original source and the screen adaptations is also investigated.

Malay Folk Beliefs and Rituals in the Prose Writings by Muslim Reformist Authors in the First Half of 20th Century

The study explores texts of Malay literature of 1920-s – early 1940-s focusing on pre-Islamic worldview and magic rituals. These topics were widely represented in Western research, but fiction of the time provides a unique opportunity to contemplate the attitude to traditional beliefs within Malay society itself at the important stage of its historical development. The authors’ evaluation of the whole complex of animistic beliefs and shamanistic practices is studied in the light of Islamic reformist thought. The first decades of the 20th century in British Malaya witnessed the rise of reformism with its preaching of socioeconomic progress based upon the purification of Islam from the remnants of archaic perception of being and upon public education. In the meantime, genres of modern literature were evolving with active participation of the writers who shared reformist ideas. On the one hand, the study reveals negative attitude of these authors towards what they called “dark superstitions”. This position is actualized in the texts of literature aiming to change the reader’s opinion through the revision of his convictions. The authors of early Malay prose aspired to expose the emptiness of traditional beliefs, powerlessness of magic rituals, amorality and deception of shamans. On the other hand, the analysis traces a number of motifs demonstrating the importance of traditional cults and the demand for their practitioners within the Malay community, that made them able to withstand the pressure of reformist thought. The paper specifies factors that contributed to the survival of traditional worldview.

The Effectiveness of using Malay Literary Elements in Primary Education STEM

This paper discusses the applied role of Malay literary elements in Science, Engineering and Mathematics Education (STEM) of the Primary School Standard Curriculum (KSSR). A study was conducted using qualitative document analysis. In this study, the cognitive domain of Anderson and Krathwohl (2001) is used as a solid platform to strengthen the existing knowledge and understanding of primary students' to understand basic scientific concepts in teaching and learning in the classroom to make STEM subjects more meaningful. The study found that the elements of Malay literature contained in Science, Mathematics and Technology Design textbooks in primary schools blend elements of poetry, verses, idioms, proverbs, metaphors, riddles, and poems in a relaxed manner but support the meaning of basic scientific concepts of STEM learning in among primary school students. This element of Malay literature is an aesthetic value that is familiar with the life and environment of students. The application of Malay literature elements in STEM teaching and learning in primary schools as a whole is rational to realize the potential of students while driving a generation that is highly competitive in decision making under the Value Added Skills Item which outlines seven skills, including Thinking Skills (KB). The focus of this paper is a discussion on the absorption of Malay literary elements in STEM learning through cognitive learning methods.