Majority Of Passengers Research Articles

TREND KESUKAAN PARK AND RIDE DENGAN METODE STATE PREFERENCE

Palembang city government chose light rail transit (LRT) as public transportation to overcome the problem of traffic congestion. However, the use of public transportation in the city of Palembang is not optimal, so traffic jams occur, It is necessary to develop facilities that can attract people's interest in using public transportation. This research uses the Stated Preference Method to determine socio-economic characteristics, travel characteristics, and people's preferences for the development of Park and Ride facilities in Palembang City. The respondents for this research were 100 LRT transportation passengers. From the research results, it is known that the majority of passengers are college students, aged between 19-25 years, with an income of less than IDR 1,000,000 and the reason for traveling is for recreation or entertainment. Based on descriptive analysis to determine respondents' preferences for the development of the Park and Ride concept offered in the Stated Preference Survey, the results obtained from 6 (six) travel scenarios obtained a total of 2400 choices from 100 respondents. Travel by private vehicle (Option A) was chosen 1512 (63%) times, while travel by the Park and Ride system integrated with public transportation was chosen 888 (37%) times.

Passengers’ Satisfaction towards Service Quality with Public Transportation in Kathmandu Valley

The operation of public transportation is a public service. Nepal's only cooperative public transportation system is Sajha Yatayat. Additionally, many public transportation options are operated by private companies. Kathmandu is the capital of Nepal; hence the population and public transportation are under significant strain. Therefore, this location was chosen for the research on passengers' satisfaction with the service quality of public transportation. The survey issued 80 questionnaires to riders of public transportation. 52 surveys were returned. Forty of the samples were valid for analysis. 26 passengers (65%) said that evening and nighttime access to public transportation was extremely limited. In addition, 16 (40%) of respondents felt uneasy riding in public transportation. Similarly, 27 (67.5%) respondents noted poor hygiene, and 22 (55%), dangerous public transportation. However, the majority of passengers are dissatisfied with the accessibility, comfort, cleanliness, and safety of public transportation. Only the transportation fare provides satisfaction to passengers. In order to increase passenger happiness, the relevant authority should be accountable for enhancing the service quality of public transportation.

Analysis of the Face Mask Use by Public Transport Passengers and Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

(1) Background: The use of face masks and gloves in public places directly shows the commitment of the population to the established regulations. Public transport is one of the most-at-risk places of contamination. The aim of the study was to analyze the face mask use by public transport passengers and workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. (2) Methods: Public transport passengers and workers were surveyed. Periodic intermittent selective observation was used to gauge the level of adherence to the established regulations among public transport passengers. Factor analysis was used to identify factors determining the face-mask-wearing comfort. (3) Results: The majority of passengers (87.5%) and all transport workers (100%) used face masks and gloves. Most of the users wore only face masks. Only 41.6% of passengers and 74.7% of transport workers wore face masks correctly. Motivational attitudes at the implementation of preventive measures were determined: established regulations in the public place (55.8%) and the protection of one's own health and the health of family members (44.2%). Only 22.5% of those wearing face masks believed that doing so will have any effect on the spread of an infectious disease, and 10.8% wore masks to maintain the health of people around themselves. A low level of social responsibility was demonstrated. For 53.4% of workers, face mask wearing was uncomfortable. The majority of workers had adverse reactions to mask wearing: feeling short of breath (52.8%), hyperemia of face skin (33.8%), and facial hyperhidrosis (67.4%). (4) Conclusions: The comfort of wearing a mask is determined by adverse reactions occurrence, the properties of the mask, working conditions, and the duration of wearing the face mask. It is necessary to develop recommendations to reduce wearing discomfort. These recommendations, along with methods of raising the social responsibility of the population, can contribute to a greater commitment of the population to non-specific prevention measures.

Abstract 5046: DeepTumour: Identify tumor origin from whole genome sequences

Abstract The DeepTumour algorithm predicts the tissue of origin of a tumor based on the pattern of passenger mutations identified by whole genome sequencing. "Passengers" are incidental mutations that accrue in the genome over time due to random mutational processes, and are functionally distinct from the "driver" mutations that are responsible for the cancer's malignant behavior. In adult cancers, passenger mutations typically outnumber drivers by a hundred or thousand-fold; critically, the vast majority of passengers arise in the normal cell lineage that precedes the malignant transformation event and hence reflects mutational processes existing in the cancer's precursor cell and its ancestors. Passenger mutations are not uniformly distributed across the genome, but are concentrated in areas of the genome that have a locally high mutation rate. Mutation rates are highest at places in the genome where chromatin is tightly packed and less accessible to the DNA repair machinery. Each distinct cell type has a different pattern of chromatin packing due to epigenetic modifications. DeepTumour takes advantage of this to infer the chromatin state in the cell of origin from the distribution of passenger mutations in the tumor. Another characteristic of passenger mutations is that the probability of a particular type of mutation occurring (e.g. replacement of C by T) depends on the mutational processes that were active in the cell of origin and its ancestors. Because certain cancers are associated with distinct mutational exposures (e.g. lung cancer and smoking), DeepTumour uses the tumor's distribution of passenger mutation type as well as position on the genome. The DeepTumour algorithm itself is a fully connected, feed-forward neural network which we trained using 28 cohorts representing different tumor types from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project. When applied to independent sets of tumors, the algorithm is able to achieve an overall accuracy of 88% on primary tumors and 83% on metastatic tumors for distinguishing the 28 cancer types. Furthermore, DeepTumour provides estimates of the models uncertainty, allowing it to automatically detect rare cancer samples with an accuracy of 93%. The DeepTumour algorithm is now available as a fast, convenient and secure web-based service at https://deeptumour.oicr.on.ca. It accepts uploads of VCF files containing somatic mutations from tumor whole genome sequencing, and returns a ranked list of tumor type matches and their relative probabilities. It can be used to provide leads when evaluating a cancer of uncertain primary, to assist in resolving diagnostic ambiguities, and as a research tool for understanding tumors of intermediate histology. Citation Format: Lincoln David Stein, Wei Jiao, Gurnit Atwal, Quaid Morris. DeepTumour: Identify tumor origin from whole genome sequences [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5046.

Screening at ports of entry for Ebola Virus Disease in England-a descriptive analysis of screening assessment data, 2014-2015.

In response to the outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in West Africa in 2014 and evidence of spread to other countries, pre-entry screening was introduced by PHE at five major ports of entry in the England. All passengers that entered the England via the five ports returning from Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leonne were required to complete a Health Assessment Form and have their temperature taken. The numbers, characteristics and outcomes of these passengers were analysed. Between 14 October 2014 and 13 October 2015, a total of 12648 passengers from affected countries had been screened. The majority of passengers were assessed as having no direct contact with EVD cases or high-risk events (12069, 95.4%), although 535 (4.2%) passengers were assessed as requiring public health follow-up. In total, 39 passengers were referred directly to secondary care, although none were diagnosed with EVD. One high-risk passenger was later referred to secondary care and diagnosed with EVD. Collection of these screening data enabled timely monitoring of the numbers and characteristics of passengers screened for EVD, facilitated resourcing decisions and acted as a mechanism to inform passengers of the necessary public health actions.

Riding Comfort Evaluation Based on Longitudinal Acceleration for Urban Rail Transit—Mathematical Models and Experiments in Beijing Subway

Riding comfort is an important index to measure the quality of service for railways, especially for congested urban rail transit systems where the majority of passengers cannot find a seat. Existing studies usually employ the value of longitudinal acceleration as the key indicator to evaluate the riding comfort of vehicles, while there is no validated mathematical models to evaluate the riding comfort of urban rail trains from the perspective of passengers. This paper aims to employ the collected longitudinal acceleration data and passengers’ feedback data in Beijing subway to qualitatively measure and validate the riding comfort of transit trains. First, we develop four regular fuzzy sets based comfort measurement models, where the parameters of the fuzzy sets are determined by experiences of domain experts and the field data. Then a combinational model is given by averaging the four regular fuzzy set models to elaborate a comprehensive measurement for the riding comfort. In order to verify the developed models, we conducted a questionnaire survey in Beijing subway. The surveyed riding comfort data from passengers and the measured acceleration data are used to validate and optimize the proposed models. Two key parameters are deduced to describe all parameters in the fuzzy set models and a meta-heuristic algorithm is applied to optimize the parameters and weight coefficients of the combinational model. Comparing the collected comfort data with the comfort levels and values calculated by different models shows that the averaging model is better than any regular fuzzy set model. Furthermore, the optimized model is better than the averaging model and provides the best accuracy and robustness for riding comfort measurement. The models provided in this paper offer an optional way to measure the riding comfort for further assessment and more comprehensively tuning of train control systems.

Big Data Analysis of Beijing Urban Rail Transit Fares Based on Passenger Flow

This paper proposed improved measures for the shortest path fare scheme of urban rail transit. Firstly, this paper simulated Beijing rail transit by using Anylogic simulation technology and shortest path algorithm. Then, in order to find the travel time between any originations and destinations, this research measured the inbound time, waiting time, interval time, section running time, transfer time and outbound time. In addition, this paper used big data analysis technology to obtain the actual travel time distribution between any originations and destinations by processing the basic data of passengers entering and leaving the station. Finally, by comparing the valid path travel time calculated by any originations and destinations with the actual travel time distribution of passengers, the path taken by majority of passengers was pushed back to determine the ticket price based on the mileage of the path taken by the majority of passengers. The results reduced the dependence on government subsidies by rail transit operation and made up for the operation and maintenance costs.

COVID-19 first stage in Japan - how we treat 'Diamond Princess Cruise Ship' with 3700 passengers?

COVID-19 first stage in Japan - how we treat 'Diamond Princess Cruise Ship' with 3700 passengers?

Kajian Evaluasi Pelayanan Penumpang Kapal Laut di Pelabuhan Tanjung Pinang

Ship is one of the marine transportation of interest many people. Advantages of ships as a means of sea transport are cheap, safe, economical land and capable of carrying passengers or goods in large quantities, making the ship as a means of transport required by the comm uni hj, especially the lower middle income communities. But in reality, the ministry of economy class passenger ships are not as good as any other commercial grade. The study was conducted to observe the operational performance of ships as a means of crossing, which is one of effective tools and efficient transportation in Tanjung Pinang and surrounding areas. Assessment method used is surve1J method with random manner, to distribute questionnaires to passengers ships used as a sample. Sampling is done in non-random sampling, where samples were taken only at the majority of passengers at random. Questionnaire method used is measurement of the attitude of respondents using semantic difference scale. On this scale respondents were asked to evaluate several variables, where each variable there are seven points with the left boundary and right boundary contains an adjective meaning the opposite. While data analysis using Multiattribute Attitude Model (MAM). Multiattribute Attitude In this model, the attitude of the respondents can be seen in the order of importance of each variable. From this study showed that in the operation of ships as a means of crossing with the performance variables of the availability of advanced types of transportation at the port, transport capacity, condition of existing facilities in the ship, less satisfacton;. Variable travel schedule as a means of crossing vessels was satisfactory. For the variables of travel speed, the cost of travel, smooth operation, service personnel, timeliness of departure/ arrival passengers satisfactory, while the variable passenger safehj is very satisfying journey. So generally service ships in the Port of Tanjung Pinang quite satisfying passengers.Keywords : Ships, multiattribute attitude models.

FDS를 이용한 실습선 한바다호 화재 및 피난 연구

Maritime accidents caused by a ship include collisions, sinking, stranding and fire etc. This study is intending to consider fire accidents among such diverse marine accidents. It is much likely that various sorts of fires break out because crews are living in a narrow space for long periods of time consequent on the ship’s characteristic of sailing on the sea. This study carried out a simulation through the special program for fire analysis - FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator) in order to find the effective evacuation time, i.e. life survival time. Particularly, this study did comparative analysis of the influence on the survival of cadets based on the collected simulation data by fire size and sort. As a result of the analysis, It was analyzed the Evacuation Allowable Limit Temperature 60℃ and resulted that there is no influence in evacuation by temperature. In case of visibility analysis, it reached to 5m which is the Evacuation Allowable Limit at 117 seconds under the condition of wood fire in 1MW. When there is Kerosene in 1MW, it took 92.4 seconds to reach by 5m which is the Evacuation Allowable Limit. Theoretical evacuation time for the non-tilted ship was 118.8 seconds in 1MW sized fire so it is shown that the most passengers are met the evacuation safety in case of wood fire. However, the majority of passengers could not be ensured the evacuation safety in Kerosene case.

An Investigation into the Effect of Airport Touting from the Passengers’ Perspective: A Case of Nnamdi Azikiwe Airport Abuja

Abstract A detailed investigation of the impact of airport touting on passengers at Nnamdi Azikiwe International Airport (NAIA). Using several analytical tools such as basic descriptive, multiple regression’s analysis and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to assess identifiable characteristics. A self-administered questionnaire was designed to capture responses from both passengers and the touts, in order to obtain a balance view on the issue. Around two hundred (200) were distributed across two terminals, one hundred and eighty (180) responses were retrieved back. The results reveal that most of the touts operating at this airport were males, while only a quarter were females, only a few of them had higher education. They engaged themselves in all sort of activities - carry passenger’s luggage, make a reservation for their taxis and hotels, purchase and resell airline tickets at the airport. Besides, they extorted money and collect illegal fees from passengers, engaged in stealing and intimidating passengers, and most of them sampled were pleased with the profession. The majority of passengers sampled were unsatisfied with the touts’ activities and the current law on touting. They called for the regulation to be amended to prevent further exploitation of passengers and to protect the air transport industry. More so, the government should review and amend the current regulations on touting in public places. Establish a bespoke funding instrument for touting campaign and rehabitation programme for touts. Commission a special task-force for sensitising and monitoring of touting activities across the nation airports.Review and upgrade the nation airport sercurity infrastructures to include modern technologies; fingerprint/voice recognition to restrict touts from gaining entry into sensitive areas of the airport.

사고분석 및 카이제곱 통계량을 이용한 승강기 안전성제고 방안

The number of the lifts installed and used in Korea totals up to 526,676 units as of the end of December 2014, due to the development and urbanization of this country. Since the lift is one of the convenience facilities and especially a kind of essential transportation facilities used by a majority of passengers everyday, it is necessarily required to manage the lift safety. Therefore, this study aims to determine the 5 factors(kinds of lifts, ages of victims, causes of accidents, seasons in accidents, usages of buildings) affecting the types(caught in, trip over, falling, collision) and the injury levels(death, serious injury, minor injury) of the lift accidents based on the analysis of the total victims of 1,514 people due to the 1,146 accidents which have occurred for the past 15 years, and to find the frequency and ratio of each factor in the accidents, and to make a correlation among the factors. As the result of the analysis, it shows that there exists a statistically significant correlation among the factors.

駅の階段における歩行者の密度と不安感の関係性の実験的把握

In order to grasp the relationships between crowd densities and uneasy feeling of persons on stairs in railway stations, we conducted experiments which reproduced the high-density crowd starting to walk up and down the stairs in a mock-up station stairs. As a result, we obtained delay in starting to walk at various densities quantitatively and following 3 opinions. 1. When the density reaches about 4.0 persons/ m2, a majority of passengers may feel uneasy. 2. More attention must be paid to downward crowd staying on stairs than upward crowd because of its uneasy feeling. 3. A crowd must not be stayed on stairs in railway stations at a density of over 4.0 persons/ m2.

Smart Devices and Travel Time Use by Bus Passengers in Vancouver, Canada

This research investigates the usage of smart devices and time at bus stops and on buses in Vancouver, Canada. Using passive observations and self-reported surveys mainly from college students, the majority of passengers were found to use their travel time actively. Most of the observed active activities are associated with the usage of smart devices. However, while the possession of smart devices is prevalent, less than one-third of passengers used them during travel. A variety of environmental and trip factors, personal attributes, and past experiences influence the usage of smart devices. Research also found that smart devices encourage multitasking.

Urban street design in Ghana: a case study of Accra

The West African city of Accra, home to over two million of Ghana’s 25 million residents, serves as the country’s political capital and economic centre. Since gaining independence in 1957, Ghana has made significant investments in road infrastructure and services. Road transportation accounts for the majority of passenger and freight traffic in the country. This paper discusses current street design practices and some of the challenges faced by designers and residents in Accra. After providing background information on the city’s urban form, transportation system and street design agencies, case studies are conducted on three of Accra’s thoroughfares. These case studies evaluate how current design practices, based on US and British standards, meet the needs of different street users. Each of the selected roads serves a different purpose within Accra’s transportation network. The case studies revealed that pedestrians and other non-motorised transport (NMT) users are largely neglected by current design pra...

Consuming nature: Antarctica, penguins and pollution

Non-smokers’ responses towards smokers on an Antarctic cruise provide the narrative thread against which broader environmental issues and passenger behaviour are debated. The study, conducted over a two-week period in 2009, applies auto-ethnography in examining contradictory tourist and crew behaviour with regard to the ship's internal and external environments. The ways in which designated smoking areas functioned to exclude the majority of passengers from common spaces, is examined. Simultaneously, the narrative takes the reader on a journey of how the study of responses to smoking gained in momentum as it began to address much broader issues of environmental degradation, environmental law and sustainable tourism.

From Foreign to Canadian: The Case of Air India and the Denial of Racism

Air India Flight 182 exploded over the north Atlantic on June 23, 1985. The majority of passengers and suspects were Canadian citizens, the bombs originated from Vancouver, and the bombing is the worst act of terrorism in Canada’s history. In the immediate aftermath, Canada’s then-Prime Minister, Brian Mulroney, responded by sending condolences to the government of India. Families of the victims subsequently reported “that they felt that they were not viewed as ‘real Canadians’ and that this was somehow not considered to be a Canadian tragedy” (Government of Canada, Commission of Inquiry 2007: 99). This article examines what discourses about the Air India case reveal about Canadian citizenship and conceptions of the Canadian nation. It draws on parliamentary debates, as well as government and Air India Inquiry reports, to demonstrate that the national story woven through the history of the Air India case is a racial one: it erases racism out of its narrative and ultimately imagines Canada and the country’s citizens as white. The article argues that the bombing of Air India was initially constructed as a non-Canadian tragedy involving non-Canadian citizens; hence this event, victims, victims’ families and suspects were discursively distanced from the Canadian nation. However, the events of 9/11 and persistent counternarratives have helped create a climate in which particular concerns expressed by victims’ families have been heard by the Canadian government, and the Air India case has recently been reframed as an act of terror that directly affected Canada, and the victims and surviving families have been embraced as “Canadians.” While unquestionably significant, this shift not only enhances security measures that predominantly and often unjustly target racialized subjects, but it is premised on a colourblind approach that ultimately obscures the central role that systemic racism has played throughout the history of the Air India case.

The perception of Bus Rapid Transit: a passenger survey from Beijing Southern Axis BRT Line 1

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) has emerged as a cost-effective transport system for urban mobility. As a relatively new form of Mass Transit, its ability to provide a high-quality transport service and potential to stimulate land development remain largely unexplored. This study intends to investigate the public attitude towards BRT services, as well as respondents’ perception of living near BRT stations, using the Beijing Southern Axis BRT system as a case study. A data-set of responses to 525 questionnaires were assembled and analysed using a combination of statistical techniques. The results show that BRT has gained great popularity among passengers, and brought about a positive impact on the attractiveness of residential property. The data identify that the majority of passengers are work-related commuters and use BRT more than once a day. The captive users have a higher satisfaction than choice users with respect to reliability, comfort & cleanliness and overall satisfaction with the BRT service. It is argued that the BRT has significantly improved the attractiveness of residential property along the BRT corridor.

Structure and dynamics of the core US air travel markets: A basic empirical analysis of domestic passenger demand

The air transportation industry in the US has undergone significant restructuring since 2001. While adjustments in costs have been the focus of the industry, changes in the demand structure have also occurred. This paper analyses the structure and dynamics of the origin and destination of core air travel market demand using 1995–2006 US quarterly time-series data. Despite the industry consolidating its network following the terrorist attacks of 2001, passenger travels in core markets have exhibited strong growth in recent years. This increase was driven mostly by the gains in the larger markets. When segmented by types of markets, super-thin markets are seen to have lost services while other markets gained. A majority of passengers use the thick markets that account for only a small portion of all markets and their demand has continued to grow. Relatively fewer passengers fly in the thin and super-thin markets, but they account for a substantial portion of all markets. Empirical estimates align well with the events and adjustments that have been experienced during the time series we examined.

Clinical aviation medicine: safe travel by air

Commercial air travel has increased dramatically in the last 25 years, which has resulted in an increased number of passengers travelling. In 1995, approximately 1.4 billion passengers flew. There are very few contraindications to flying in commercial jet aircraft and even passengers with medical conditions travel regularly without incident. To avoid in-flight emergencies which potentially have implications for the patient’s medical condition and the operation of the flight it is essential to assess significant medical conditions prior to travel. With appropriate assessment by a physician who has an understanding of the aviation environment and its potential interaction with the patient’s medical condition, the majority of passengers may be carried. If a medial emergency occurs in flight the medical practitioner may have a role to play when asked by the crew, whose training has recently been augmented by many airlines to include the use of self diagnosing defibrillators. This team approach is important and is of benefit to the patient; it may avoid disruption to the flight.