Majority Of Doctors Research Articles

Factors of interest of general practitioners in scientific research in first-level care centers in Bolivia

Introduction: Publication, as part of scientific and academic communication, is a key element of the ethical and moral obligation of every researcher. Our study addresses the factors of interest that general practitioners have in scientific research in first-level public health care centers in the municipality of El Alto.Objective: Determine the factors of interest that general practitioners have in scientific research in first-level public health care centers in the municipality of El Alto, department of La Paz, Bolivia.Methods: It is a qualitative, descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional study, under a non-experimental design. The universe consisted of 3,520 general practitioners in the department of La Paz, 103 general practitioners agreed to participate as a sample of the research, and who met inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results and discussion: 68% of the doctors are between 31 and 40 years old. 46.6% graduated from a university abroad, however it had no impact on the research process. 62.1% of all doctors have an academic degree at the bachelor's level. The majority of doctors after graduating do not continue with higher professional training studies. 80.6% did not publish scientific articles. 41.7% indicate that they do not carry out scientific research because there is no institutional support.Conclusions: The majority of doctors who participated in our study are relatively young – adults. Regardless of the school they graduate from, it has no impact on the research processes. Their academic degree is a bachelor's degree, followed by diplomas and none with a doctorate. After graduating, they do not continue with higher or postgraduate studies. The vast majority of doctors do not publish any research articles. Based on these results, it is necessary to implement strategies that encourage the development of research in general practitioners at the first level of care.

Assessment of knowledge about the doping in the rehabilitation assistance of performance and recreational athletes

Background: During the activity of performance and recreational athletes can arise critical situations that imply medical rehabilitation treatments. In the process of functional recovery, the applied methods can be sometimes aggressive and intense. The lack of knowledge of forbidden substances may pose a threat for the athlete’s health and performance. It is of utmost importance that the medical personnel that care for athletes take into consideration the risks and effects of doping substances. Methods: A group of 53 physicians - specialists in the field of physical medicine and sports medicine participated in the written study. The investigation was carried out according to the Questionnaire for the evaluation of anti-doping knowledge. By means of 14 categories of simple introductory questions, the questionnaire allowed the collection of data on the doctor's seniority and job, age, gender and general knowledge about substances and methods of interest in sports. The data of the participants in the questionnaires were collected and entered into a Microsoft Excel database and were analyzed in the MEDCALC statistical software program version 12.7.0. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program, version 21. Descriptive analysis was performed using the means and standard deviations of PEAS Instrument variables and mean difference tests were performed on two-response variables along with analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: The majority of doctors (40/75.48%) do not have information about test procedures for inert substances and almost half of them (25/47.17%) do not know the anti-doping rules and standards developed within World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Of the people surveyed all (53/100%) positively noted the effectiveness of anti-doping programs, but 18 (33.96%) of the respondents distinguished exaggerated actions in the mass media regarding the issue of doping and 35 (66.04%) of the respondents did not have accusations against mediating the issue of doping. Of all the people investigated, the majority (49/92.45%) are ready to report on cases of doping in the anti-doping organization or the sports federation. 24 (45.28%) marked agreement in these actions and total agreement - 25 (47.17%) physicians. Conclusion: In the evaluation of the knowledge of specialist doctors involved in the assistance of people who practice performance and recreational sports, a discrepancy in the knowledge about doping was determined. The development of strategies and policies by informing doctors from medical rehabilitation and sports medicine in the field of sports doping will offer athletes access to quality medical services and safe professional activity. Keywords: medical rehabilitation of athletes, doping substances, World Anti-Doping Code

Management of spontaneous septic hypothermia in intensive care. A national survey of French intensive care units.

The benefit of temperature control in sepsis or septic shock is still under debate in the literature. We developed a national survey to assess the current state of knowledge and the practical management of spontaneous septic hypothermia in French intensive care units. Out of more 764 intensivists who were contacted, 436 responded to the survey. The majority of doctors (52.4%) considered spontaneous septic hypothermia to be a frequently encountered situation in intensive care, and 62.1% were interested in this problem. Definition of spontaneous septic hypothermia among French intensivists was not consensual. More than half of the doctors questioned (57.1%) stated that they did not actively rewarm patients suffering from spontaneous septic hypothermia.

Family Doctors Facing Break-Point Decision: A Cross-Sectional Study

Health professionals, especially working physicians, experience terrible psychological effects from their work since they see patients' conditions worsen till they pass away. Gaining a thorough grasp of the experiences of general practitioners working in Ostergotland County, Sweden, was one of the primary goals of the current study. To gather information from study participants, a cross-sectional study was carried out. This survey comprised 121 health professionals in total. Participants were given a 19-question questionnaire. The results of the study indicated that the majority of doctors have more than 20 years of experience, more than half of the sample said that making a break-point decision is difficult, and the majority of doctors (n=46, 79%) said they felt more confident in their ability to make decisions when multiple doctors were involved in the process. About 79% of the sample had graduations from within the European Union, with 65% of those degrees coming from Sweden. About 50% of the doctors who made decisions did so based on their own experiences, while the majority of doctors (67%) think that patient relatives' input is important when making decisions. Together, these factors make break-point decision-making for physicians a challenging and intricate undertaking, even with their vast medical knowledge. Involving patients and consulting with colleagues can boost trust in the decision-making process.

Female sexual dysfunction-knowledge, attitude, practices, and barriers encountered by medical fraternity across the country: A web-based cross-sectional study.

Sexual dysfunction in women is common yet often remains underdiagnosed due to the lack of adequate training and experience of the doctors to manage female sexual dysfunctions. This study was done to assess the knowledge and attitude of medical professionals toward female sexual dysfunction and the various practices and barriers they encounter while managing women with sexual dysfunction. A web-based cross-sectional study was done using the snowball sampling method. A well-structured, self-administered, and pre-validated questionnaire containing 27 items was administered through social media. Data was collected and evaluated to assess their knowledge, practices they follow, and barriers encountered while managing female sexual dysfunction. A total of 513 doctors participated in the study. Out of all, only 11.1% of the doctors were often seeing patients with sexual dysfunction. Loss of desire (44%), painful intercourse (33%), lack of lubrication (18%), and anorgasmia (5%) are common symptoms with which women present. The majority of doctors (78.9%) were comfortable in starting a conversation, over half (52.6%) were confident in making a diagnosis, and 51.3% were confident in providing sexual counseling. Yet, only 11.1% were routinely screening women for sexual dysfunctions, and 33.8% were providing counseling regarding sexual issues. Lack of time (31.6%), lack of adequate training (57.3%), unavailability of effective treatment (11.9%), patient discomfort (60.62%), and patient's reluctance to seek treatment (15.8%) were the barriers encountered by doctors. When assessed for knowledge, around 30.9% had excellent knowledge (≥75th percentile) about female sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction among women is an important health issue that significantly affects the social, mental, and physical well-being of those suffering from it. Screening for sexual dysfunction should be done routinely in day-to-day clinical practice to improve the overall quality of life of a couple.

Assessment of lifestyle factors of doctors working in a medical college of Odisha, India

Background: Lifestyle plays one of the central roles in determining the overall health of a person, including health-care professionals. Despite their extensive medical knowledge, doctors are susceptible to lifestyle-related diseases due to the demanding nature of their profession. Assessing the lifestyle factors of doctors is essential for promoting healthier habits and mitigating the risk of chronic diseases within the medical community. Aims and Objectives: We aimed to explore the lifestyle factors of doctors working in a medical college in Odisha, India, using the FANTASTIC Lifestyle Assessment Questionnaire. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional and observational survey study was conducted over a period of 6 months, involving 152 doctors (75 males and 77 females) aged 30–70 years. Convenience sampling was used, and participants provided written consent. Lifestyle factors such as food intake patterns, physical activity, stress management, and overall health were assessed using the FANTASTIC questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential tests. Results: The majority of doctors were classified as overweight or obese based on body mass index, with a higher prevalence of obesity among females. Most participants demonstrated good or fair lifestyle scores, indicating a positive trend toward healthier habits. However, a significant proportion had low lifestyle scores, particularly among female doctors. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of promoting healthier lifestyle habits among doctors to improve their well-being and enhance patient care. Targeted interventions aimed at improving dietary habits, physical activity levels, and stress management are essential for fostering a culture of health within the medical community.

“A vaccine that nonetheless remains apart”: Papillomavirus and vaccination in France

Vaccination against the human papillomavirus (HPV) is currently not widespread in France, where the vaccination rate is one of the lowest in Europe. However, this virus is encountered by 80% of the population and causes 3000 new cases of cancer per year. This vaccination constitutes a real lever for action. Using a qualitative approach (semi-directive interviews), we documented the perceptions, reluctance, and obstacles of sixteen general practitioners in Ile de France. The objective was to understand the low vaccination rate and to propose sustainable solutions to increase adherence to this vaccine. The HPV vaccine is different from other vaccines, which makes it more difficult for the public to understand. Firstly, because it affects the privacy of patients from a very young age. Secondly, because it has long been dedicated to a female public and the opening of vaccination to boys of the same age leads to a change in discourse and a break with its gendered image. Finally, this vaccination is taking place in a context where there is a marked reluctance to vaccinate in France, with a rapid circulation of more or less reliable information that often places the medical profession in difficulty. Health professionals play a key role in convincing and encouraging patients to adhere to the vaccine, and a majority of doctors are still in favor of vaccination. Relying on a wider group of health professionals could help to increase adherence to the vaccine in France.

Suicide among Iranians doctors

Background: All nations are affected by the global issues of doctor suicide and depression. Of course, the COVID-19 pandemic's effects have to be taken into account as well. Aims: This article was written because this subject is significant on a worldwide scale. In this area, Iran lacks both accurate official statistics and scientific research. This article can be viewed as a significant starting step. Methods: Data was gathered by looking through all of the trustworthy Iranian media that covered the suicides of doctors between February 2020 and February 2023. Results: Iranian doctors who took their own lives tended to be young, female, residents, and specialists. The majority of doctors took drugs to end their life. Conclusion: Iranian doctors' suicide rates and the rise in the number of unexpected fatalities among doctors, particularly among young medical residents, are concerning. Therefore, there is a critical need for additional study, management, and preventative measures

Effect of the implementation of a checklist in the prehospital management of a traumatised patient

BackgroundIn October 2021, French acute care societies jointly published cognitive aids to standardise practices and limit cognitive biases to ensure greater safety in management of severe trauma patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of a checklist on emergency physicians' adherence to the recommendations. MethodsThis prospective before-and-after study study took place in a French mobile emergency and resuscitation service. All adults trauma patients referred to hospital were included. A checklist on trauma management inspired by the MARCHE acronym was produced. During phase I, the checklist was performed within 24 h after the end of the intervention. During phase II, the checklist was performed during the patient's transport to hospital, thus allowing potentially omitted procedures to be performed initially. The use of the checklist was systematically evaluated using an anonymous questionnaire among doctors and nurses. In phase II, doctors and nurses who did not perform checklist were systematically asked to answer a specific online questionnaire. The primary outcome was the overall omission rate of checklist items during each phase of the study. ResultsOne hundred and sixteen patients were included, 53 in phase I and 63 in phase II. Eleven patients did not have a checklist in phase II. The overall omission rate of checklist items was significantly lower with checklist (17%) than without (25%) (p = 0.02). This trend increased in proportion to severity with an omission rate of 30% without checklist versus 15% with checklist (p = 0.03) for patients with an ISS ≥ 25. A majority of doctors and nurses who used the checklist considered that it should be made compulsory (82% and 67% respectively). Paradoxically, only 55% of doctors who did not perform the checklist thought it was useful, while the omission rate was significantly higher (17% with checklist compared with 59% without checklist, p < 0.01). ConclusionThis work shows a significant reduction in the number of omissions on the actions carried out during the management of a trauma patient in prehospital settings, allowing better adherence to the recommendations. Its benefit is increased in severely traumatised patients.

Levels and determinants of overprescribing of antibiotics in the public and private primary care sectors in South Africa

Although overprovision of antibiotics in primary care is a key driver of antibiotic resistance, little is known about its determinants in low-income and middle-income countries. Patient demand and financial incentives...

Study of physicians' preferences for optimizing the pharmacy assortment of glocose-lowering drugs

For the stable operation of the pharmacy and the proper support of patients with diabetes, it is necessary to optimize the assortment of glucose-lowering drugs (GLD), taking into account the significant prevalence of this disease. The demand for prescription drugs is formed by doctors who choose therapy and prescribe drugs.&#x0D; The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence of choosing GLD for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and the preferences of doctors when choosing GLD for therapy.&#x0D; They used a remote questionnaire form using Google forms. 732 doctor questionnaires were processed. Statistical processing was carried out using structural, comparative and graphic analysis.&#x0D; A survey of doctors established the factors that influence the prescription of drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: high effectiveness and inclusion of drugs in treatment standards, their safety, and their own positive experience in prescribing drugs. It was also found that when choosing a GLD type, almost half of doctors take into account the patient's purchasing power and the presence of a GLD in the reimbursement program. The survey showed that a third of doctors prefer domestic GLD, and half of the respondents do so sometimes. When choosing foreign medical medications, doctors prefer German, French, and Swiss-made medical drugs. A significant part of doctors do not have preferences when choosing trade name (TN), but the majority of doctors who have preferences prefer TN mainly of foreign production and prolonged forms. It was found that about 10% of the responding doctors do not prescribe combined GLD. The majority of respondent doctors have preferences for combinations: metformin/glimepiride, dapagliflozin propanediol/metformin and sitagliptin/metformin. Problems have been identified at the stage of pharmacological supervision of GLD. Despite the fact that doctors noted in their practice the side effects of drugs in patients, only a fourth (22.7%) of respondents recorded these effects in accordance with the current legislation and made reports.&#x0D; It is advisable to use the results of the questionnaire to improve the care of patients with diabetes and to meet their needs by optimizing the pharmacy assortment.&#x0D; It is advisable to increase the list of International Nonproprietary Name of GLDs for reimbursement, which will contribute to the availability of modern treatment regimens, because the price of medicines limits the quality of modern treatment regimens for type 2 diabetes.

Knowledge, Attitude and Perceptions Around Perinatal Mental Health Among Doctors in an Obstetrics and Gynaecology Academic Department in Singapore.

Background Frontline healthcare professionals who provide regular care to women in the antenatal and postnatal period play a critical role in the early detection and management of maternal perinatal mental health (PMH). This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of doctors around perinatal mental health in an obstetrics and gynaecology (O&G) department in Singapore. Methods Using an online survey, data was collected from 55 doctors who participated in the Doctor's Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions of Perinatal Mental Health (I-DOC) study. The survey questions assessed the knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and practices in relation to PMH amongdoctors in the O&G specialty. Descriptive data was presented as means and standard deviations (SDs), or frequency and percentages. Results Out of the 55 doctors, more than half (60.0%) were not aware of the adverse impacts of poor PMH; 83.7% of doctors were not confident in providing PMH advice and 65.5% did not routinely screen patients for PMH disorders. There was a lower percentage of doctors (10.9% vs. 34.5%, p<0.001) who discussed PMH issues in the antenatal period compared to the postnatal period and this was statistically significant. Majority of doctors (98.2%) agreed that having standardised PMH guidelines will be useful. All doctors agreed on the benefits of having PMH guidelines, education and routine screening for patients. Conclusion There is inadequate PMH literacy amongO&G doctors and lack of emphasis on antenatal PMH disorder. The findings highlighted the need for increased education and development of perinatal mental health guidelines.

Collaborative work between coordinating physicians, geriatric EMGE physicians and emergency physicians

The medical summary section (VSM) was formalized in 2011 with its content defined in 2013. In residential facilities for dependent elderly people (Ehpad), the VSM is almost non-existent and is requested by the majority of doctors who have to take medical care of a resident, often in an emergency situation. Following the health crisis and under the aegis of the regional and national associations of coordinating physicians, a working group was set up in 2021 to create a unique VSM that meets the needs of the field. This document was created and tested with very favorable feedback from users. This VSM is currently being deployed in the Ehpad of the Île-de-France region.

How Useful Is the SSN–Nipple Distance? An Analytical Questionnaire Survey on Anthropometric Measurements for the Aesthetically Ideal Positioning of the Nipple–Areolar Complex

Several studies have attempted to identify the optimal anthropometric measurement for the aesthetically ideal positioning of the nipple-areolar complex. However, no standardised solutions and measurements for planning surgical procedures have been reached. The aim of this study is to identify the optimal anthropometric measurement between the suprasternal notch (SSN)-nipple distance and mid-clavicle (MC)-nipple distance for the aesthetic position of the nipple-areola complex (NAC) on the breast. A detailed online survey was sent to 300 board-certified plastic surgeons and residents of plastic surgery departments of hospitals in German, Austrian, and Swiss. A similar survey was also provided to 100 patients who had planned or had already undergone breast surgery. All participants were asked to rank the attractiveness of a series of women's breasts in images with different NAC position measurements. The images showed breasts from two different measurements and distances: all the breasts had equal dimensions and proportions and the same areola size. Complete datasets were obtained from 203 of the 300 board-certified plastic surgeons and residents of plastic surgery departments in German-speaking countries (recall 68%) and from 100 patients. The majority of doctors and patients find a symmetrical breast with a mirrored position of the nipple-areola complex more attractive than a non-symmetrical breast. In cases with minor measurement differences, such as 0.5 cm (SSN vs. MC), there is no relevant difference in the breast symmetry. However, at larger distances, the MC-to-nipple distance is superior for achieving aesthetically appealing symmetry compared with the SSN-to-nipple distance. Using the MC-to-nipple distance seems to be superior for correct nipple positioning than the SSN-to-nipple distance and is a valuable preoperative measurement option for breast symmetry with correct nipple height. Further studies on this topic involving a more general population should be conducted to confirm the improvements in perception with the preoperative measurements using the anatomical landmarks.

Benefits and barriers of home blood pressure monitoring in pregnancy: perspectives of obstetric doctors from a Ghanaian tertiary hospital

BackgroundDelayed diagnosis of preeclampsia contributes to maternal morbidity and mortality. Patient-performed home blood pressure monitoring facilitates more frequent monitoring and earlier diagnosis. However, challenges may exist to implementation in low- and middle income-countries.MethodsThis cross-sectional mixed methods study evaluated obstetric doctors’ perspectives on the benefits of and barriers to the implementation of home blood pressure monitoring among pregnant women in Ghana. Participants were doctors providing obstetric care at Korle Bu Teaching Hospital. Electronic surveys were completed by 75 participants (response rate 49.3%), consisting of demographics and questions on attitudes and perceived benefits and challenges of home BP monitoring. Semi-structured interviews were completed by 22 participants to expand on their perspectives.ResultsQuantitative and qualitative results converged to highlight that the current state of blood pressure monitoring among pregnant women in Ghana is inadequate. The majority agreed that delayed diagnosis of preeclampsia leads to poor health outcomes in their patients (90.6%, n = 68) and earlier detection would improve outcomes (98.7%, n = 74). Key qualitative benefits to the adoption of home blood pressure monitoring were patient empowerment and trust of diagnosis, more quantity and quality of blood pressure data, and improvement in systems-level efficiency. The most significant barriers were the cost of monitors, lack of a communication system to convey abnormal values, and low health literacy. Overall, doctors felt that most barriers could be overcome with patient education and counseling, and that benefits far outweighed barriers. The majority of doctors (81.3%, n = 61), would use home BP data to inform their clinical decisions and 89% (n = 67) would take immediate action based on elevated home BP values. 91% (n = 68) would recommend home BP monitoring to their pregnant patients.ConclusionObstetric doctors in Ghana strongly support the implementation of home blood pressure monitoring, would use values to inform their clinical management, and believe it would improve patient outcomes. Addressing the most significant barriers, including cost of blood pressure monitors, lack of a communication system to convey abnormal values, and need for patient education, is essential for successful implementation.

EVALUATION OF BASIC KNOWLEDGE OF RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY: A MULTI-DISCIPLINARY STUDY

Aim: To evaluate the basic knowledge of doctors about retinopathy of prematurity, dealing mostly with ROP in pediatric and ophthalmology departments.&#x0D; Study Design: Quantitative, cross sectional study&#x0D; Place and Duration: Ayub Teaching Hospital Complex, Abbottabad from 1st April 2022 to 8th April 2022 (one-week duration)&#x0D; Material and Methods: After explaining the whole scenario to the participants, a questionnaire was handed over to them which contained different questions regarding ROP. Data response was saved, evaluated and then analyzed in terms of percentages of response. Excel spreadsheets and SPSS v.25.0 were used wherever required.&#x0D; Results: Total number of participants were 57 out of which 23 (40.35 %) were males and 34 (59.65%) were female. Majority of the doctors were house officers 27 (47.37%) followed by residents 20 (35.09%) and consultants 10 (17.54%). Mostly were from paediatrics department (67%) followed by ophthalmology department (31%). 94% had basic knowledge about ROP. About 48 % were unaware about screening protocols for ROP and 50% were unaware about treatment modalities.&#x0D; Conclusion: ROP is very ignorable entity especially for doctors working in neonatal ICU. Majority of doctors don’t have proper awareness about disease and need to be trained well in order to prevent and manage the disease by proper and timely referral to ophthalmologist for further planning.

Uloga i značaj medicinskih sestara-tehničara u zdravstvenom timu za lečenje i negu bolesnika

Introduction. Nurses/technicians make up almost a one half of all health workers in the health care system. Nursing care represents more than 70% of all procedures with patients during hospital treatment. Nurses are equal members of the healthcare team, but in everyday practice they often experience the opposite. Social recognition of professional nursing is a long-term process. The goal of this research was to assess the place and role of the nurse-technician in the health team in the current conditions of surgical work and communication. Respondents and methods. The paper presents the results obtained by surveying doctors, nurses/technicians and patients from two surgical clinics in University Clinical center in Republic of Srpska. 62 doctors, 129 nurses-technicians and 199 patients were surveyed in the period from January until April 2022. Data are obtained from three types of anonymous questionnaires that are adapted for this specific research objective. Results. Descriptive statistical analysis using the SPSS 24 program was applied in the paper. Research has shown that the majority of doctors have a satisfactory cooperation with the nurses, respecting their suggestions and remarks regarding the health care of patients. Also, nurses have a professional relationship with doctors, which together, as team members, leaves a positive impression on patients. Conclusion. The research showed that the profession of nurse/ technician is valued in the healthcare team and that it is an irreplaceable member of the healthcare team, whose role is crucial in the process of healthcare treatment of the patient. From the doctor's point of view, the nurse/technician is their key collaborator in the process of health care and patient care. The cooperation between doctors and nurses/technicians is good and professional, and the doctors respect the patients' comments.

Awareness and outlook of health-care professionals regarding materiovigilance in a tertiary care teaching hospital in South Rajasthan

Background: Post-marketing surveillance regulates the safety, quality, and performance of medical devices (MDs). Medical professionals play a key role in the monitoring and reporting of MD Adverse Events (AEs). Since the launch of Materiovigilance (MV) Programme of India, very few published studies were found regarding reporting of MDAE. Aim and Objective: This study aims to know about awareness and outlook of medical professionals regarding MV. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study done among medical professionals of various specialties in a tertiary care teaching hospital in South Rajasthan. A pre-validated questionnaire was circulated to 200 doctors containing questions related to knowledge, attitude and practice of MV. Results: About 58.6% of the doctors came to know about the term MV during this study. About 76.7% of participants knew that MD could lead to an AE, but only 11.2% of the participants had the correct knowledge of how to report an AE related to MD. About 66.8% of participants had positive attitude regarding reporting of AE, 23.7% reported the event and 66.6% did not report as they found them mild. Conclusion: Majority of doctors had the knowledge about reporting of AEs, but they were largely unaware of the term MV. Knowledge regarding where to report is very limited. Despite adequate level of knowledge, reporting practices are very limited. Hence, there is a need for regular sensitization and training programs to foster the habit of reporting AE related to MD even if they are mild.

Management of acidity and related symptoms: A market research survey

Context: Acidity is a common medical complaint of gastrointestinal disease. A modern lifestyle brings along with it a host of problems, including acidity and gastrointestinal issues. Aims: To understand the related symptoms and management of patients diagnosed with acidity by surveying general physicians and gastroenterologists across India. Settings and Design: A questionnaire-based survey was conducted between May and December 2021 for a duration of 6 months. Methods and Material: A total of 198 general physicians and gastroenterologists across India were provided a questionnaire via an online link and requested to answer questions about acidity and its symptoms. The answers to the questionnaire were analyzed as summary statistics. Statistical analysis used: Descriptive analysis Results: About 34% were diagnosed with GI disorders and 47% of patients with GI disorders were diagnosed with hyperacidity in routine clinical practice. Heartburn/retrosternal pain (92%) was the most common classical symptom of hyperacidity, followed by epigastric pain (85%), and acid reflux (75%), belching/burping (64%), and flatulence (55%). The majority of doctors (68%) reported that antacids were recommended as the first line of treatment for hyperacidity. Around 80% of respondents reported that anesthetic antacids are most relevant or relevant in managing hyperacidity. Most physicians (89.4%) prescribed the anaesthetic antacid formulation containing magnesium hydroxide, dried aluminium hydroxide gel, simethicone, and oxetacaine in their daily practice, and 82.8% reported very good or extremely good experience with its usage. Conclusions: The survey findings provided insights into understanding the current epidemiology, diagnosis, as well as treatment of hyperacidity across India. Key Message: Acidity and its related symptoms can strongly influence the quality of life. Early identification and appropriate diagnosis can prevent major complications.

Current Issues of Improving the Legal Regulation of Medica l Practice, Medica l Activities and Medica l Self-Government in Ukraine

Problem setting. The foundations of Ukrainian legislation on health care, adopted by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on November 19, 1992, laid the foundations of the legal mechanism for the functioning of the national medical system. Currently, the medical system is going through a complex process of transformation, and this requires new legislative decisions on the issues of medical practice, medical activity, and medical self-governance. Тarget of the research is to analyze the current legislation regulating medical practice and medical activity in Ukraine and to develop proposals for solving its current problems. Analysis of recent researches and publications. Ukrainian scientists studied various issues of the functioning of the medical system of Ukraine. Among recent studies, the collective monograph “The Unified Medical Space of Ukraine: Legal Dimension” of 2022 should be singled out [22]. This work examines various issues of the functioning of the medical system of Ukraine after the beginning of its reform in 2017. However, the problems of legal regulation of medical practice, medical activity and medical self-governance are not considered in the monograph P. Mazur, M. M. Tyshchuk [6], S. Ternova [7] dealt with issues of medical self-governance, but they did not connect the success of its implementation in Ukraine with the liberalization of legal regulation of medical practice and the status of a doctor. Article’s main body. Medical care is an integral part of the concept of medical practice. When defining the concept of medical care, the legislator unites all persons who directly provide it into a general group of medical workers, without dividing into professional groups (doctor, nurse / medical brother, etc.). As a result, the subjectivity of these persons is nullified, their status is not defined. The current legislation does not contain the concepts of medical activity, activity of medical nurses/medical brothers. On the other hand, in connection with the active work on the preparation of national legislation on self-governance in the field of health care, the question of the need to separate subjects involved in the provision of medical care is acutely emerging. After all, world experience shows that states develop self-government in accordance with the professional division of medical workers medical, nursing, pharmaceutical. Real effective medical self-government in Ukraine is impossible without giving doctors more freedom for their own professional realization. In the entire democratic world, a doctor is a representative of a free profession, has various options for his own professional realization, determines his own workload and level of income, can carry out activities on the basis of a professional license without additional formalities and attachment to workplaces. On the other hand, in Ukraine, the majority of doctors are salaried employees with state-regulated workload and wages. The conclusion is substantiated that the medical community can be prepared for the introduction of medical selfgovernment only in case of simplification of state regulation of medical practice and provision of economic freedom to the doctor, i.e. the opportunity to work not only as an employee or self-employed person (as today), but also on the basis of civil law contract (subcontract) or as a self-employed person. The legal mechanism for licensing medical practice is not an effective tool for monitoring the quality of medical care and bringing to justice entities that violate the requirements established by the state. The conclusion is substantiated that replacing the licensing of medical practice with the declaration of its proceedings should become a general rule of regulation of medical practice. Conclusions and prospects for the development. The transition to the declaration of medical practice, the increase of legal opportunities for the professional implementation of doctors, the introduction of medical self-government and the individual certificate for the right to practice medicine will be a powerful impetus for the development of the domestic medical system in the direction of European standards of medical practice and medical activity.