Major Research Development Research Articles

The Research Development Track of Internet of Things in the Application Area of Communication Technology

Computer networks, mobile media, and information and communication technology (ICT) have grown progressively, and the development of communication technology is closely connected with that of ICT. This study explored the role played by the Internet of Things as ICT develops. Accordingly, through main path analysis and keyword co-occurrence network analysis, this study was designed to learn the major research development track, cluster status, and future research and development of the Internet of Things in the application area of communication technology.

"Creating Blue Skies Overhead for All" Introduction of the 2022 Recipient of the Medawar Prize of the Transplantation Society: Professor Jeremy Chapman.

"Creating Blue Skies Overhead for All" Introduction of the 2022 Recipient of the Medawar Prize of the Transplantation Society: Professor Jeremy Chapman.

Vulnerability studies in the fields of transportation and complex networks: a citation network analysis

In recent years, studies on network vulnerability have grown rapidly in the fields of transportation and complex networks. Even though these two fields are closely related, their overall structure is still unclear. In this study, to add clarity comprehensively and objectively, we analyze a citation network consisting of vulnerability studies in these two fields. We collect publication records from an online publication database, the Web of Science, and construct a citation network where nodes and edges represent publications and citation relations, respectively. We analyze the giant weakly connected component consisting of 705 nodes and 4,584 edges. First, we uncover main research domains by detecting communities in the network. Second, we identify major research development over time in the detected communities by applying main path analysis. Third, we quantitatively reveal asymmetric citation patterns between the two fields, which implies that mutual understanding between them is still lacking. Since these two fields deal with the vulnerability of network systems in common, more active interdisciplinary studies should have a great potential to advance both fields in the future.

Knowledge Framework and Evolution of Fuzzy Portfolio Research: A Bibliometric Analysis

Recently, wide applications of fuzzy set theory have attracted the attention of both researchers and practitioners. Fuzzy portfolio develops as a new area in the research field of investment portfolio. This paper investigates the major research hotspots, development trend, and evolution of fuzzy portfolio, which provides a systematic review of the current fuzzy portfolio literature. CiteSpace, the most commonly used bibliometrics software, is used in this article. According to the 602 articles with 15132 references, several conclusions can be summarized as follows: (1) Fuzzy portfolio becomes increasingly interdisciplinary with the connections among “Computer Science” and so on. (2) Most contributive authors are Markowitz and Zadeh. (3) South China University of Technology makes excellent performance in this research area and China is the most influential country. (4) European Journal of Operations Research is the cradle of plenty of crucial fuzzy portfolio investigations. (5) We find some research hotspots helpful to make scientific predictions of future trends by analyzing the keywords. By utilizing the effective bibliometric methods, we provide a comprehensive analysis and deep insights into the fuzzy portfolio research, enabling the individuals, especially the new beginners who are interested in this area to learn fuzzy portfolio, which will be of great help for their future explorations.

Citation network analysis of vulnerability studies in the fields of transportation and complex networks

In recent years, studies on network vulnerability have grown rapidly in the fields of transportation and complex networks. Even though these two fields seem to be closely related, the overall structure is still unclear. In this study, in order to add clarity comprehensively and objectively, a citation network consisting of the vulnerability studies in the two fields is analyzed. Publication records are collected from the Web of Science and a citation network with 1,181 nodes and 4,601 links is constructed. Then the giant weakly connected component with 705 nodes and 4,584 links is extracted and analyzed. By performing a community detection algorithm, seven communities representing different research domains are identified. Then the major research development in each research domain is revealed by main path analysis. Finally we quantitatively reveal the asymmetric citation patterns between transportation and complex networks, which implies that mutual understanding between two fields is currently lacking. Since these two fields deal with vulnerability of networked systems in common, more active interdisciplinary studies should have a great potential to advance both fields.

A Systematic Review on Practical Considerations, Recent Advances and Research Challenges in Underwater Optical Wireless Communication

Underwater Optical Wireless Communication (UOWC) has gained significant attraction in many underwater activities because of its high bandwidth as compared to radio frequency and acoustic technologies. Underwater Optical Wireless Communication (UOWC) has high stature in underwater observation, exploration and monitoring applications. However, due to complex nature of ocean water, several practical challenges exist in deployment of UOWC links. Qualitative and effective research has been carried out in UOWCs from last few decades. Ambition behind this research systematic study is to provide a comprehensive survey on latest research in UOWCs. Herein, we provide a brief discussion on major research challenges, limitations and development in UOWCs. We provide a periodical review on UOWC issues and potential challenges highlighted in previous studies. In this paper, we have also investigated research methods to gain attention of research fraternity towards future technologies and challenges on the basis of existing approaches. Thus, it is our foremost requirement to provide state-of-the-art analysis of existing UOWCs. Significant deliberation has been provided with recent bibliography.

How “Real Boys” Construct Heterosexuality on the Primary School Playground

ABSTRACTThis study draws on focus group discussions to explore how 12- to 14-year-old boys in a low economic township primary school in South Africa construct their hegemonic identity as “real boys” in the school playground during break. Addressing masculinity and boys’ investment in power is now a major research development in the country, especially in light of boys’ and men’s culpability in sexual and gender violence. What is often missing, however, is attention to younger boys and the construction of gender and sexuality in the primary school. Analysis of the data reveals that heterosexual masculine power is a major element in the construction of being a “real boy.” “Real boys” express their power-based heterosexual identity in ways that objectify girls, while, at the same time, promoting a culture of gender violence through heterosexual competition and the policing of girls’ sexual agency. The major finding in our article is that the school playground is an important site for hegemonic and heterosexual identities, where a “real boy” is displayed and given dominance during break time. Implications for addressing heterosexual masculinity among younger boys is vital.

Multi-Group Symbiotic Evolution Mechanism in an Innovative Ecosystem: Evidence from China

The innovation ecosystem is a nonlinear dissipative self-organizing symbiosis system with a progressive evolution mechanism of analog ecosystems. The three major habitat research groups, development groups and application groups are interwoven into a multi-directional and multi-directional communication mechanism that competes and evolves. This paper takes the three populations as the entry point, closely follows the ecological characteristics, introduces the Logistic growth model, constructs a multi-group symbiotic evolution dynamics model, and analyzes the dynamic mechanism and its equilibrium state. Through the combination of numerical simulation and empirical analysis, the symbiotic model is simulated and the evolutionary trend of symbiosis in China in 2050 is predicted. The study shows that symbiotic evolution is the effect of symbiotic unit formation in a certain symbiotic environment according to a certain symbiotic model. Symbiosis is the evolution mechanism of population; the evolutionary dynamic mechanism is summarized as: economic drive, ecological balance, competition synergy, complex adaptation and policy regulation; symbiosis The evolutionary equilibrium state and equilibrium conditions depend on the symbiosis between the populations; the symbiotic evolution in China is at a mature stage, and the evolutionary model is mutually beneficial symbiosis, which is expected to enter saturation in 2030. In order to provide a reference for China's science and technology innovation-driven development strategy, it will lay a theoretical foundation for further research in the academic community.

Seaweeds as nutraceuticals for health and nutrition

ABSTRACTThroughout human history, seaweeds have been used as food, folk remedies, dyes, and mineral-rich fertilisers. Seaweeds as nutraceuticals or functional foods with dietary benefits beyond their fundamental macronutrient content, are now a major research and industrial development concept. The occurrence of dietary and lifestyle-related diseases, notably type 2 diabetes, obesity, cancer, and metabolic syndrome has become a health epidemic in developed countries. Global epidemiological studies have shown that countries where seaweed is consumed on a regular basis have significantly fewer instances of obesity and dietary-related disease. This review outlines recent developments in seaweed applications for human health from an epidemiological perspective and as a functional food ingredient.Abbreviations: BNF, British Nutrition Foundation; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention USA; CMMM, Chinese Marine Materia Medica; DPPH, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; GAE, gallic acid equivalents; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; ORAC, oxygen radical absorbance capacity; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid; RNI, adult reference nutrient intake; WHO, World Health Organization.

A novel approach to identify the major research themes and development trajectory: The case of patenting research

This paper presents a novel approach to identify the major research themes and development trajectory of a targeted field and takes the case of patenting research as an example. Edge-between clustering and key-route main path analysis are employed to complementarily accomplish the task. This study retrieves patenting related articles covering 1970 to 2013 from Web of Science (WOS) and constructs the citation network among them. The edge-betweenness clustering technique and key-route main path analysis are then applied to identify the major research themes and development trajectories of patenting research. Eight major research themes are identified: ‘citation network analysis’, ‘patent law’, ‘patent valuation’, ‘academic patenting’, ‘gene patenting’, ‘patent policy’, ‘patent protection’, and ‘technology analysis’. The linkage among these eight research themes is exhibited, along with a presentation of the statistics of top influential journals and authors. This study demonstrates that the approach used herein is a powerful way to determine the major research themes and development trajectories of a target academic field. The approach is also applicable to any other data with citation relationships.

A survey on virtual reality

Virtual reality (VR) is a scientific method and technology created during the exploration of the nature by human beings to understand, simulate, and better adapt and use the nature. Based on the analysis on the whole process of VR, this paper presents different categories of VR problems and a type of theoretical expression, and abstracts three kinds of scientific and technical problems in VR field. On the basis of foresaid content, this paper also studies current major research objectives, research results and development trend of VR in the aspects of VR modeling method, VR representation technology, human-machine interaction and devices, VR development suites and supporting infrastructure, as well as VR applications. Finally, several theoretical and technical problems that need to be further studied and solved are addressed.

Design and studies on the traveling wave transverse RF deflecting structure**Supported by Major State Research Development Program (2002CB713606)

With the development of free electron laser (FEL) and the international linear collider (ILC), the electron bunch length is getting smaller and smaller. The traveling-wave transverse RF deflecting structure is an important part of the RF deflecting method for bunch length measurement and phase space diagnostics. The operation mode in RF deflector is the ``TM11-like'' mode. Since the TM11-like mode in this structure has a pair of degenerate dipole modes, two additional holes are provided on either side of each iris to stabilize the mode. The simulation and optimization have been done. A prototype has been fabricated and tested. The cold test results have been compared with the simulations of the first three modes.

A study on the distribution of adsorbed nanoparticles**Supported by 100 Persons Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China (10474109, 10674146) and Major State Research Development Programme of China (2006CB933000, 2006CB708612)

We use Monte Carlo simulation to calculate the distributions of particles under adsorption force near planar and cylindrical surfaces, respectively. Both hard sphere interaction and repulsive Yukawa (screened coulomb) interaction are employed in our simulations. We study the influence of the inter-particle potentials. The difference between the MC simulation results and the analytical results of ideal gas model shows that the interaction between particles plays an important role in the density distribution under external fields. Moreover, the 2-dimensional constructions of particles close to the surface are studied and show relations of the interaction between particles. These results may indicate us how to improve the methods of building nanoparticle coatings and nano-scale patterns.

Numerical simulation of the sensitivity of the pacific subtropical-tropical meridional cell to global warming*

Abstract Sensitivity of the Pacific subtropical-tropical meridional cell to global warming is examined by using a global ocean-atmosphere coupled model developed at LASG/IAP. Results indicate that associated with the increasing of atmospheric carbon dioxide, the most prominent signals of global warming locate at high latitudes, and the change of middle and low latitutes, in particular the surface wind, is relatively weak, which leads to a weak response of the pacific subtropical-tropical meridional cell. At the time of atmospheric carbon dioxide doubling, the change of the meridional cell strength is smaller than the Amplitude of natural variability. * Supported by the CAS International Partnership Creative Group “The Climate System Model Development and Application Studies”, National Natural Science Foundation of China (40375029), and Major state Research Development Program of china (2005CB321703)

Systematic Study of Stability of Super Heavy Nuclei**The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 10175082, 10235020, and 10235030, the Major Basic Research Development Program under Grant No. G2000-0774-07, the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant No. KJCX2-SW-N02, One Hundred Person Project of CSA, the State Key Basic Research Program

A systematic overview on the characteristics of super heavy nuclei from to based on the data by P. Möller et al. is presented. The nuclei which have the biggest mean binding energy in each of their isotope chain show systematic regular behavior, indicating that the mean binding energy is a good criterion to classify super heavy nuclei by their stabilities. Further investigation on the nuclear data at and after has been suggested.

Increased Body Weight Via Injecting Myogenic Expression Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH) Plasmid DNA into Sheep#

The ectopic expression of a sheep growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) from muscle tissues, using a myogenic plasmid expression vector pM-GHRH, has been shown to result in enhanced animal growth. Animal injected with pM-GHRH alone exhibited a daily weight gain rate of 0.84 ± 0.02%/d (p < 0.05), while that of the control animal was only 0.73 ± 0.04%/d. A more significant growth enhancement was observed in the group treated with pM-GHRH plus 0.25% bupivacaine. The animal displayed a daily weight gain rate of 0.87 ± 0.03%/d (p < 0.01). In addition, the group treated by pM-GHRH and bupivacaine had higher levels of growth hormone (GH) in their blood (1.18 ± 0.33 ng/mL) compared with the group treated by pM-GHRH vector alone (p < 0.05). Evaluation of body composition by dissection and histochemical analysis indicated a significant increase in bulk with no organomegaly or associated pathology. PCR analysis demonstrated that there was little plasmid residue detected in the pM-GHRH treated sheep. #The authors thank the members of GrasslandDev Company for help in providing and managing sheep. This work was supported by State Major Basic Research Development Program (G20000161) of China.