Major Psychological Effects Research Articles

Establishing the Results of Homoeopathic Prescription through a Case Report of Vitiligo

A common hypo- pigmentation disorder with acquired autoimmune origins, vitiligo can have major psychological effects. According to the distribution of skin depigmentation, vitiligo has been classified into segmental and non-segmental kinds. Case Summary: A 16-year-old male patient complained of a white patch on his scalp, eye, back, and throat that had been there for 2-2.5 years. The diagnosis of miasm and the totality of symptoms led to the prescription of the homoeopathic drug Syphilinum.

Negative psychological and physiological effects of social networking site use: The example of Facebook.

Social networking sites (SNS), with Facebook as a prominent example, have become an integral part of our daily lives and more than four billion people worldwide use SNS. However, the (over-)use of SNS also poses both psychological and physiological risks. In the present article, we review the scientific literature on the risk of Facebook (over-)use. Addressing this topic is critical because evidence indicates the development of problematic Facebook use ("Facebook addiction") due to excessive and uncontrolled use behavior with various psychological and physiological effects. We conducted a review to examine the scope, range, and nature of prior empirical research on the negative psychological and physiological effects of Facebook use. Our literature search process revealed a total of 232 papers showing that Facebook use is associated with eight major psychological effects (perceived anxiety, perceived depression, perceived loneliness, perceived eating disorders, perceived self-esteem, perceived life satisfaction, perceived insomnia, and perceived stress) and three physiological effects (physiological stress, human brain alteration, and affective experience state). The review also describes how Facebook use is associated with these effects and provides additional details on the reviewed literature, including research design, sample, age, and measures. Please note that the term "Facebook use" represents an umbrella term in the present work, and in the respective sections it will be made clear what kind of Facebook use is associated with a myriad of investigated psychological variables. Overall, findings indicate that certain kinds of Facebook use may come along with significant risks, both psychologically and physiologically. Based on our review, we also identify potential avenues for future research.

Evaluation & Treatment of Psychological Effects of Stroke.

Strokes are a common medical condition in the United States, including in Delaware. An under-recognized effect of stroke is the impact on mood that often occurs. Many individuals develop depression, anxiety, PTSD, and other psychological sequelae. These disorders can significantly affect their lives and their relationships. The emotional effects of stroke pose a public health problem for our residents, leading to devastating decreases in the quality of life for the patient and the family. These challenges negatively impact the community due to the associated healthcare and economic burdens. The population of the State of Delaware is growing, and the proportion of senior residents, who are also at greater risk for strokes, is also increasing. Strokes will remain an ongoing important clinical concern for our healthcare providers. Emotional changes after a stroke will occur in many Delaware residents who suffer a stroke. The emotional sequelae of stroke are under-treated. It is critical for healthcare professionals to be trained to recognize, assess, and treat the psychological disorders that can result from having a stroke. This article provides an overview of the major psychological effects of stroke, recommended assessment tools, promising treatment trends, and directions for further research. Improving our ability to detect and treat these difficult emotional challenges can facilitate effective treatment and prevention strategies and increase quality of life for stroke survivors, their loved ones, and their communities.

Impact of personal protective equipment on patient safety and health care workers

BackgroundThe study aims to assess the effect of personal protective equipment (PPE) on the physical and psychological well-being of health care workers (HCWs) and its impact on patient safety. MethodsAfter ethical approval, a 14-point questionnaire was circulated offline and online among the HCWs of ours institute, who were involved in performing invasive procedures while wearing a PPE. The responses were analysed using the SPSS software version 26. ResultsOf 198 responses, the mean duration of PPE use was 4.6 ± 1.52 h. Seventy percent of respondents suggested <4 h of continuous use of PPE. Seventy-seven percent found difficulties during the procedures while wearing PPE and agreed to errors while performing a procedure. Poor visibility (95.5%), fogging (84.9%), communication difficulty (75.3%), sweating (74.2%), posture-related discomfort (56.1%) and poor concentration (51%) were major causes. Anxiety (39.9%) and fear of spreading an infection to the family (42.9%) were major psychological effects. Eighty percent of HCWs raised concern over the quality of PPE, N95 mask and eye protector. The HCWs felt the need to improve the quality of PPEs, use extra padding around the ears, sealing the N95 mask with adhesive tape, besides using sign language for communication for more safety. Fifty percent graded the procedure-related difficulty level >6 on a Likert scale of 1–10. ConclusionPPE-related discomfort is common among the HCWs and could contribute to errors during an invasive procedure. Efforts to alleviate the physical and psychological well-being of the HCWs will be essential for reducing procedural error while wearing a PPE.

A study of anxiety, depression and stress symptoms among Fayoum medical students during COVID-19 lockdown, Egypt

BackgroundThe widespread pandemic of COVID-19 virus carries not only physical hazards, but also major psychological effects especially among medical students. The aim was to investigate the psychological effects of COVID-19 on medical students and the factors affecting them. The study was carried out with an online questionnaire distributed through Google Forms for medical students at Faculty of Medicine, Egypt. The questionnaire included socio-demographic questions, validated psychometric tools for the assessment of depression, anxiety and stress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales DASS-21) and the Impact of Event Stress Scale-Revised (IES-R) were applied.ResultsThe total number of participants was 282 students. Percentage of participants with clinically significant depression was 75.2%, anxiety was 56.4% and stress was 52.9%. Those showed PTSD probability was 54.3%. The multivariate regression analysis revealed that IES remained significantly associated with gender and previous road accidents, depression and anxiety remained significantly associated with personal history of psychiatric illness, while stress remained significantly associated with gender and previous road accidents.ConclusionsMedical students were highly depressed, anxious and stressed during period of COVID-19 pandemic. Being a female, having previous history of psychiatric illness and previous road accident were highly associated with increasing the psychological impact of COVID-19.

The feelings &amp; perceptions of a Medical doctor after recovery from Corona infection

Aim: To know the core feelings and perception of a medical doctor after recovery from corona infection Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional qualitative survey Place and duration of study: Akhter Saeed medical and dental college Lahore. Duration of study was two months from 1stJanuary 2021 to 31st March 2021. Methods: A survey questionnaire is formed and sent to different doctors of different specialties both in the public and private sectors. Non-probability conventional sampling technique was used. Qualitative data was analyzed by the SPSS 20. Results: The online survey was sent to three hundred and fifty (350) doctors who were fellows, consultants, assistant consultants and professors. The voluntary response is submitted by 26doctors who suffered and recovered from corona infection. Conclusion: Coronapandemic has physical, psychological, social and economic effects. Everyone who suffered from it has his own insight about disease but unlike other infections, anxiety and uncertainty about future were major psychological effects which added to physical suffering of patients. All recovered patients strongly recommended following of SOPs. Vaccinationwith following SOPs is unanimously only optimistic approachagainst corona to decrease incidence and severity of infection. There is a need for doctor counselling sessions to cope with stress and anxiety issues. Keywords: Corona infection, anxiety, consultant.

Anxiety, depression, and stress risk among medical staff during COVID-19 pandemic: a single-center experience

Background The widespread pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus has caused major psychological effects, especially among health care workers who are exposed to high viral load. The aim was to investigate the psychological effects of COVID-19 on health care workers and factors affecting them. The study was carried out with an online questionnaire distributed through Google Forms for medical staff at Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt. The questionnaire included sociodemographic questions; validated psychometric tools for the assessment of depression, anxiety, and stress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21); and the Impact of Event Stress Scale-Revised (IES-R).Results The total number of the participants was 115 respondents. IES-R showed that 28.7% had high posttraumatic stress disorder. By Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale, 13% had severe, 26.1% had extremely severe depression, 10.4% had severe, and 13.9% had extremely severe anxiety, and stress level was severe in 16.5% and very severe in 13.9%. The factor ‘work-years less than 5 years’ was significantly associated with the presence of stress. Personal psychiatric history of anxiety was significantly associated with abnormal IES and depression.Conclusions During the COVID-19 outbreak, medical health workers had psychosocial problems and risk factors for developing them. They were in need of attention and recovery programs.

Study of physio-psychological effects on traffic wardens due to traffic noise pollution; exposure-effect relation.

BackgroundNoise pollution has increased to alarming extent in most of the urban areas in Pakistan. It is assumed even more perilous than air and water pollution due to its direct acute and chronic physio-psychological effects. The objective of this study is to analyze and evaluate the psychological and physiological effects caused by traffic noise on traffic wardens and to find relation type between exposure time and effect.MethodsThree wardens check posts near roads were selected for survey in Taxila and Islamabad cities of Pakistan. Survey conducted included noise measurements at aforementioned check posts for one month and Performa based interviews of traffic wardens.Results and conclusionsAnalysis of results showed that noise levels varied between 85-106 dB hence violating OSHA regulations. Major psychological effects found in wardens were aggravated depression 58%, stress 65%, public conflict 71%, irritation and annoyance 54%, behavioral affects 59% and speech interference 56%. Physiological effects found were hypertension 87%, muscle tension 64%, exhaustion 48%, low performance levels 55%, concentration loss 93%, hearing impairment 69%, headache 74% and cardiovascular issue 71%. Relation between exposure time and effects were evaluated by using simple regression test in excel. Percentage of psychological and physiological effects in wardens varied with the exposure time; aggravated depression (R2 = 0.946, P = 0.133), stress suffering (R2 = 0.014, P = 0.173), public conflict (R2 = 0.946, P = 0.133), irritation and annoyance (R2 = 0.371, P = 0.137), behavioral affects (R2 = 0.596, P = 0.0616) and speech interference (R2 = 0.355, P = 0.445), hypertension (R2 = 0.96, P = 0.00095) and cardiovascular issue (R2 = 0.775, P = 0.044).

Effects of sensory deprivation in psychiatric seclusion and solitary confinement

Laboratory research has demonstrated that sensory deprivation can produce major psychological effects on man (Brownfield, 1965; Solomon, 1961). At the same time, there has been a growing awareness that a variety of unusual human experiences share in common the features of sensory deprivation. Major psychological reactions have, for example, been described among high altitude jet pilots (Solomon, Kubzansky, Letterman, Mendelson, Trumbull, & Wexler, 1961), solo explorers (Byrd, 1938), survivors of prolonged solitary confinement in war (Burney, 1952), in certain medical situations (Mendelson, Solomon, & Lindemann, 1958), and among patients suffering various impairments of their sensory apparatus (Ziskind, Jones, Filante, & Goldberg, 1960). Such phenomena have at times elicited widespread public concern; indeed, the experimental interest in profound sensory deprivation was actually precipitated by the fearful and dramatic reports of brain washing of American prisoners of war in Korea-repor ts that alterations in the sensory environment were being intentionally imposed upon these prisoners in a seemingly Orwellian attempt to profoundly disrupt their psychological equilibrium (Biderman & Zimmer, 1961). More recently two situations involving the intentional imposition of sensory deprivation became the subjects of headline-making adjudication in the Massachusetts courts. These lawsuits have challenged the legality and moral propriety of the use of seclusion rooms in inpatient psychiatric settings and have questioned the use of solitary confinement in the maximum security state prison at Walpole. The emotions around both issues run high. The plaintiffs in the seclusion room litigation harked back to images captured by Greenblatt's depiction of the seclusion of another era: