Maintenance Of Electrical Equipment Research Articles

Research of IoT Technology Based Online Status Monitoring on Hydropower Station Equipment

The rapid proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized the field of status monitoring for electrical equipment such as hydropower station equipment, offering enhanced efficiency and reliability in maintenance and operations. In this paper, we investigate the utilization of IoT transmission technology enhanced by multiple relays, denoted as $M$ relays, to augment the monitoring of hydropower station equipment. To further optimize the performance of the system, we employ partial relay selection, commonly referred to as selection combining. This study delves into the analysis of the system performance by deriving analytical data rates, with a focus on quantifying the benefits of employing partial relay selection in IoT transmission for electrical equipment status monitoring. Our analytical approach enables a comprehensive evaluation of system efficiency, considering factors such as data rate, reliability, and power consumption. Through our analysis, we aim to provide valuable insights into the trade-offs and advantages of incorporating partial relay selection into IoT systems, ultimately assisting in the development of more effective and efficient solutions for status monitoring on electrical equipment. By examining the impact of $M$ relays and partial relay selection on IoT transmission technology, this research contributes to the ongoing efforts to enhance the reliability and robustness of status monitoring for electrical equipment, ultimately advancing the capabilities of IoT-based solutions in the context of electrical systems and equipment maintenance.

An Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Bow-Tie Model (IVIF-BT) for the Effectiveness Evaluation of Safety Barriers in Natural Gas Storage Tank

Safety barriers (SBs) are important means of reducing failure risks of process systems. As barriers vary in type and function, their effectiveness needs to be evaluated in order to find a more reasonable configuration strategy. However, in practice, there is often a lack of accurate and complete data relating to SBs, which poses a significant challenge in quantitatively assessing their effectiveness. To address this issue, in this study, we propose a semi-quantitative approach for evaluating the effectiveness of both preventive and protective barriers in process systems by integrating expert elicitation, interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (IVIFNs), and a bow-tie model. In this approach, the bow-tie model is first applied to describe the system failure scenarios and the action phases of the barriers, and then IVIFNs with expert judgment are introduced to obtain the failure probabilities of basic events and the effects of SBs. Subsequently, the effectiveness of each barrier is measured by comparing the relative change in failure risk due to the addition of the barrier. To verify the feasibility of this approach, a natural gas storage tank with some barriers was analyzed. The results show that the regular inspection of the deformation or damage of the storage tank has the highest effectiveness, followed by the installation and regular maintenance of safety electrical equipment. Furthermore, compared to a single barrier, multiple barriers can significantly reduce the system risk.

Risk-based approach to choosing the production asset management strategy for energy company

RELEVANCE: The possibility of a reasonable choice of an alternative strategy for the organization of maintenance and repair (M&R) of the power company's equipment is a guarantee of the successful implementation of its strategic priorities. The tasks in this direction are quite relevant.PURPOSE: To develop a unified methodology that, from the general standpoint of a risk-based approach, would allow comparing two alternative strategies for managing the assets of an energy company "by periodicity, operating time" and "by technical condition", according to a set of key criteria for the effectiveness of M&R.METHODS: When solving problems, methods of forming and adjusting schedules for repairs of electrical equipment, calculating reliability and probabilities of failure in the power supply system of consumers, taking into account its circuit features, assessing the technical condition of equipment according to non-destructive testing and diagnostics, comparing the costs of maintaining and restoring reliability and damages from its violations were used.RESULTS: A risk-oriented methodology has been developed and verified, which makes it possible to evaluate and select the optimal equipment maintenance strategy for the energy company according to uniform efficiency criteria. An algorithmic implementation of the developed methodology is obtained, which is the basis of a computing complex for choosing and making decisions. The verification of the methodology and algorithm is carried out on the example of a real object – a power supply system for oil production consumers using reliable operational and diagnostic information.CONCLUSION: The results obtained fully compensate for the lack of methodological possibilities in comparing two basic alternative strategies for electrical equipment maintenance based on a single risk-based approach. The developed methodology is a unified decision-making tool at the stage of alternative analysis. The illustration of the methodology by a real numerical example demonstrates the consistency of the solutions obtained with the results of expert assessments and operational experience.

ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ СИСТЕМ РЕЛЕЙНОЙ ЗАЩИТЫ И АВТОМАТИКИ ЦИФРОВЫХ ПОДСТАНЦИЙ

A comprehensive analysis of the data on the technical accounting of the functioning of electrical relay protection complexes in the unified national electric power grid of Russia is presented, thanks to which the main types, causes and patterns of incorrect and emergency operation of the entire range of protections are established. An approach to the potential transition to servicing industrial electric power facilities based on the use of the entire set of relay protection functionality to solve the problems of automating maintenance procedures on a new hardware and methodological basis is proposed. Optimal criteria for evaluating the operability of electrical relay protection complexes and automation of digital transformer substations are formulated, which additionally take into account the influence of completeness and reliability of electrical information on the condition of protected electrical equipment affecting the quality of protection. It is shown that the organization of maintenance of electrical equipment by means of relay protection and automation according to the actual condition at an energy facility with a developed system of automated information collection and processing is a natural step of transformation in the electric power industry. The analysis of the relevance of the current technology of maintenance and repair of electrical equipment showed a significant reduction in the impact on the functional groups of measurement, information environment and receiving modules of electrical relay protection complexes and automation of digital substations.

Comparing the Simple to Complex Automatic Methods with the Ensemble Approach in Forecasting Electrical Time Series Data

The importance of forecasting in the energy sector as part of electrical power equipment maintenance encourages researchers to obtain accurate electrical forecasting models. This study investigates simple to complex automatic methods and proposes two weighted ensemble approaches. The automated methods are the autoregressive integrated moving average; the exponential smoothing error–trend–seasonal method; the double seasonal Holt–Winter method; the trigonometric Box–Cox transformation, autoregressive, error, trend, and seasonal model; Prophet and neural networks. All accommodate trend and seasonal patterns commonly found in monthly, daily, hourly, or half-hourly electricity data. In comparison, the proposed ensemble approaches combine linearly (EnL) or nonlinearly (EnNL) the forecasting values obtained from all the single automatic methods by considering each model component’s weight. In this work, four electrical time series with different characteristics are examined, to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed ensemble approach—the model performances are compared based on root mean square error (RMSE) and absolute percentage errors (MAPEs). The experimental results show that compared to the existing average weighted ensemble approach, the proposed nonlinear weighted ensemble approach successfully reduces the RMSE and MAPE of the testing data by between 28% and 82%.

Удаленная работа с комплектом тягового электрооборудования карьерного самосвала

The electromechanical transmission of a mine dump truck is an electrical equipment complex with a set of parameters for setting and status monitoring. To improve the quality and to reduce the time and cost of service maintenance of mine dump trucks, a data transmission system is organized that provides remote work with control system units. Such systems significantly increase the efficiency of operation of mine dump trucks with the integrated use of a standard approach to maintenance and repair of mining equipment and mobile technologies. They allow to identify most of the faults due to the use of a real-time parameter monitoring system during the routine operation of mine truck. The authors have used the methods of design and software architecture, methods of object-oriented programming and development of multi-threaded applications using the high-level programming language C/C++. The paper proposes a functional diagram of data transmission for remote operation with electrical equipment blocks. The description of the instrumental software for monitoring and configuring the parameters of the dump trucks electric transmission is given. A procedure for remote work with a set of traction electrical equipment has been developed. The developed system has been tested at the stages of testing and adjustment. It is used in real operating conditions and allows organizing service maintenance of domestic-made dump trucks at a level that is not inferior to their best imported counterparts. The use of an integrated approach and the extended list of diagnostic parameters of the electric transmission when it is singled out as a separate element of the diagnostic system significantly improves the quality-of-service maintenance of traction electrical equipment.

Assessment of efficiency improvement reserves of maintenance and repair systems of high-voltage electrical equipment of industrial enterprises

The problems of choosing a strategy for the maintenance of the equipment of the power supply system of an industrial enterprise, taking into account the risk its failure and the problem of distributing the volume of the repair program in order to reduce maintenance costs and, accordingly, the cost of production, are considered. A method for assessing the magnitude of risk for the technological process of an industrial enterprise of the metallurgical industry, taking into account the power supply scheme of the electric receiver, is proposed. Special attention is paid to taking into account the influence of the power supply system of an industrial enterprise on the operation of final electrical receivers directly involved in the technological process. An example of using the proposed technique in a real power supply system with available statistical data on its failures is considered. The article formulates an approach to assessing the risk of failure of elements of the power supply network of an industrial enterprise, taking into account the operational scheme of power supply, and also shows the insufficiency of assessing the risk of power supply failures only from the failure of circuit elements through which electric power is directly transmitted to the electric receiver in question.

Assessment of resource capacity and barriers to effective practice of laparoscopic surgery in training hospitals affiliated with the College of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa (COSECSA).

The adoption and accessibility of laparoscopy have been serious issues in countries with limited resources, and for varied reasons. This study assessed resource capacity and barriers to the effective practice of laparoscopic surgery in training hospitals affiliated with the College of Surgeons of East, Central and Southern Africa (COSECSA). A multi-country survey was conducted from January 2021 to October 2021 using a questionnaire distributed to surgeons in COSECSA hospitals located in 16 different countries.Available resources and surgical volume were assessed, and the barriers to routinely performing laparoscopy were determined. Ninety-four surgeons working in 44 different hospitals from 16 countries participated in the survey. The majority of respondents were general surgeons (n = 75, 79.7%). Other specialties included urology (n = 12, 12.8%) and pediatric surgery (n = 7, 7.4%). Senior surgeons accounted for 60.6% of participants, more than 40% had a managerial position and approximately 20% were surgical trainees. Most respondents practiced in public hospitals (n = 66, 70.2%). A median of three surgeons per hospital performed laparoscopic surgery with, on average, two laparoscopic towers and two sets of laparoscopic instruments available. A median of 10 procedures was carried out per month. The cost of laparoscopic procedures and laparoscopic consumables were reported as being covered by some health insurance payments in 76.9% and 48.4% of cases, respectively. Cholecystectomy was the most commonly reported laparoscopic procedure performed. The five top barriers to performing laparoscopic surgery were: a lack of consumables, a limited quantity of equipment, a lack of skilled surgeons, the high cost of laparoscopic procedures and complicated cases. In addition, having access to skilled anesthesiologists and anesthesia equipment, carbon dioxide, a consistent electric power supply and equipment maintenance were cited as significant challenges. The practice of laparoscopy is currently limited in COSECSA countries due to a scarcity of skilled staff and the lack of a funding plan to make laparoscopic services accessible. Therefore, policymakers and stakeholders should take strategic measures to respond to this need.

Introduction to Domestic and International Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Technologies for Power Grid Enterprises

Since its introduction in 1930, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) has rapidly become the primary insulation material for high-voltage electrical equipment such as transmission lines, switches, transformers, circuit breakers, and reactors, owing to its exceptional electrical properties. However, the flip side of its excellent performance is its extremely high global warming potential (GWP), which is over 23,000 times that of carbon dioxide (CO2). Managing SF6 has thus become a key aspect of emission reduction efforts. The primary strategies for reducing SF6 emissions include minimizing gas leakage during the production, operation, and maintenance of electrical equipment, as well as purifying and recycling emitted SF6 gas. Various purification and monitoring methods have been developed for routine operations and have already been implemented by power grid companies globally. In addition to ongoing daily monitoring, research is also underway concerning the transformation, degradation, and substitution of SF6 gases. Degradation and transformation methods primarily focus on high-temperature degradation, photocatalysis, and arc degradation. In the context of substitution, the idea is to use conventional gases or various organic compounds to form SF6 mixtures or alternative gases, with the aim of reducing effect of leakage while maintaining performance. Finally, recommendations are made for power grid enterprises to reduce SF6 emissions, emphasizing the importance of source control and the exploration of alternatives. Effective equipment management to prevent gas leakage, comprehensive monitoring and assessment, as well as the proper handling of unusable SF6 devices, are also crucial steps in emission reduction efforts.

생애이력 기반 특고압 전기설비 안전관리 서비스를 위한 시스템 기술 개발

Accidents occurring in high-voltage electrical equipment cause human injury, so the demand for accident prevention and maintenance of electrical equipment is increasing. ICT technology has been introduced to safety management services, which have been mainly managed based on human, and an electrical safety management system is developing to prevent electrical disasters and electrical equipment failures. The personal electric equipment is defined as a power distribution system that receives the electricity with a voltage of 1000 V or more or a receiving capacity of 75kW or more from a utility and uses the electricity at the receiving location such as a building or a factory. This paper describes the implementation of a system to provide safety management services of electrical equipment based on the life cycle, including the installation, inspection, safety management, and disposal of high voltage electrical installations. And it shows the demonstration site to which the development system is applied.

A Parallel Text Recognition in Electrical Equipment Nameplate Images Based on Apache Flink

Information on the equipment nameplate is important for the storage, transportation, verification and maintenance of electrical equipment. However, because a natural image of the device on the text nameplate may be multidirectional, curved, noisy or blurry, automatically recognizing the image from the device nameplate can be difficult. Meanwhile, image preprocessing methods are carried out in a serial manner, so the processing speed with regard to the above problems is slower and takes a longer time. Accordingly, this study proposes a parallel and deep-learning-based text automatic recognition method. In the proposed method, a pretreatment method comprising edge detection, morphological manipulation and projection transformation is used to obtain the corrected nameplate region. The connectionist text proposal network (CTPN) is then activated to detect text lines on the corrected nameplate area. Next, a deep-learning method is proposed to study the classification methods of convolutional recurrent neural networks and connectionist time classification for identifying text in each line of text detected by CTPN. Finally, we use Apache Flink to parallelize the above processes, including parallelization preprocessing and bidirectional long short-term memory parallelization in the process of text line detection and text recognition. Experimental results on the collected nameplate show that the proposed imaging processing method has a good recognition performance and that the parallelization method significantly reduces the data processing time cost.

Sosialisasi Peralatan Kelistrikan dan Pengambilan Keterangan untuk Mengungkapkan Sebuah Kasus di Kepolisian Resort Pidie Sebagai Ahli Elektro

Electricity is very useful for human life. However, if an error in use results in a danger to the safety of humans, livestock and property. Sometimes electricity is also used for special purposes for which there are no guidelines, this will be very risky to safety. As in the case that occurred recently in the Pidie Resort Police area, the Head of the Pidie Resort Police assigned his members for the benefit of the police service in the context of the task of carrying out an examination of electrical experts to obtain information regarding the discovery of a body in the mountain river of Gampong Lhok Broh, Meureudu District, District Pidie Jaya. The expected objectives of this activity are; So that participants can understand the benefits of electrical energy and the basic principles, operation, and maintenance of electrical equipment, Provide participants with knowledge (in general) about how to work and maintain electrical equipment that may be designed and used in a community environment, Demonstrate directly the dangers of some related electrical equipment cases currently being handled by the police. This activity was carried out from October 1 to November 30 2019 and consisted of 3 stages namely; Preparation, Execution, and Compilation of Reports. Based on inspections and field trials in two places, the following conclusions can be drawn; Electric current is dangerous for the human body depending on the amount of current and duration. The effect of electric current on humans starts with tingling/numbness to effect the heart which can cause death. Water is a conductor that can carry electric current properly. The safe voltage limit for humans is 50 Volt AC assuming the human body is 1000 Ohm resistant, the safe current limit for humans is 30 mA. The dedicated team also as electrical experts discusses scientific about matters related to electrical hazards and their effects on the human body.

Research on Strengthening the Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Management and Maintenance

Research on Strengthening the Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Management and Maintenance

A deep learning-based approach for electrical equipment remaining useful life prediction

Electrical equipment maintenance is of vital importance to management companies. Efficient maintenance can significantly reduce business costs and avoid safety accidents caused by catastrophic equipment failures. In the current context, predictive maintenance (PdM) is becoming increasingly popular based on machine learning approaches, while its research on electrical equipment such as low-voltage contactors is in its infancy. The failure modes are mainly fusion welding and explosion, and a few are unable to switch on. In this study, a data-driven approach is proposed to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) of the low-voltage contactor. Firstly, the three-phase alternating voltage and current records the life of electrical equipment by tracking the number of times it has been operated. Secondly, the failure-relevant features are extracted by using the time domain, frequency domain, and wavelet methods. Then, a CNN-LSTM network is designed and used to train an electrical equipment RUL prediction model based on the extracted features. An experimental study based on ten datasets collected from low-voltage AC contactors reveals that the proposed method shows merits in comparison with the prevailing deep learning algorithms in terms of MAE and RMSE.

Diagnosing Potentially Abnormal Attribute of Power Transformers Method

Design Method: In this paper, the program integrates those diagnostic methods from the Big data, the ANSI/IEEE C57.104 specification, and the Key gas to develop a kind of diagnostic method in power transformer. Their main diagnostic element is the insulating oil dissolved gas, which is integrated through the "correlation coefficient" and "classical detection and estimation theory". To develop a novel method diagnoses the latent abnormality attribute of the power transformer. The new method is accomplished through clever loop control, which has been validated by repeated and extensive data testing. This method is superior to the existing traditional diagnosis method in type of latent abnormality of diagnose, and has an accuracy of 90% under the verification those actual cases obtained from Research Institute of Taiwan Electric Power Company. This method is based on the MATLAB application software to execute all steps. In addition to being easy to operate and displaying the results of test in text, it not only improves the accuracy of the diagnosis of the latent abnormal attribute inside the power transformer, but also prevents the accident of blackout equipment and affects the power supply. It can to say, it is a powerful tool for electrical equipment maintenance technicians to detect.
 Design Purpose: Based on this diagnostic method to improve the accuracy of the diagnosis of the latent abnormal attribute inside the power transformer by MATLAB application software.
 Design Effectiveness: The program has been tested from some actual cases to improve the accuracy of diagnosis is been risen 90% up.

Discussion on Maintenance and Management Measures of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Equipment

Discussion on Maintenance and Management Measures of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Equipment

Discussion on Electrical Automation Transformation and Maintenance of Mechanical and Electrical Equipment in Cement Plant

Discussion on Electrical Automation Transformation and Maintenance of Mechanical and Electrical Equipment in Cement Plant

Discussion on the Application of Fault Diagnosis Technology in the Maintenance of Mechanical and Electrical Equipment in Coal Mine

Discussion on the Application of Fault Diagnosis Technology in the Maintenance of Mechanical and Electrical Equipment in Coal Mine

Research on Condition-based Maintenance of Electrical Secondary Equipment

Research on Condition-based Maintenance of Electrical Secondary Equipment

Research on Management and Maintenance of Coal Mine Underground Mechanical and Electrical Equipment

Research on Management and Maintenance of Coal Mine Underground Mechanical and Electrical Equipment