Main Television Research Articles

Fronteras de violencia en México y Estados Unidos ed. by Oswaldo Estrada

Reviewed by: Fronteras de violencia en México y Estados Unidos ed. by Oswaldo Estrada Edward Waters Hood Estrada, Oswaldo, editor. Fronteras de violencia en México y Estados Unidos. Albatros Ediciones, 2021. Pp. 265. ISBN 978-84-7274-384-7. This volume of essays, Fronteras de violencia en México y Estados Unidos, focusing on artistic representations of violence in Mexico, the United States and their shared border, follows a previous [End Page 459] collection also edited by Oswaldo Estrada, Senderos de violencia: Latinoamérica y sus narrativas armadas (2015), which addresses portrayals of violence throughout the greater region. Many of the contributions to this book come from a 2019 literary conference held at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Transient Bodies and Gender Politics in 21st-Century Mexico, and others have been added to broaden the book’s scope and perspectives. In his preface, “Nuevos muros y fronteras de violencia,” Oswaldo Estrada characterizes the violence that has been synomous with Mexico in recent decades in the following manner: “Hablar de México hoy es hablar de la violencia, de la llamada ‘guerra contra el narco’ o los feminicidios, el neoliberalismo, la corrupción política, pero también de su relación problemática con los Estados Unidos, sus inevitables cruces fronterizos y sus desencuentros culturales, simbólicos, subjetivos, a ambos lados de ‘la línea’.” His assessment of the conditions undocumented immigrants face entering and navigating life in the United States is nearly as grim. The authors of the 15 essays included in this volume address recent artistic representations of these stark realities in prose, poetry, film and television from diverse perspectives. The essays are divided between five thematic sections, with three essays in each. The first section, “Estados de violencia,” explores state-directed violence. In his contribution to this section, Oswaldo Zavala examines the depopulation of resource-rich regions of Mexico resulting from the fight against drug trafficking. In his view, this is a strategy employed by the state in collaboration with multinational corporations to dispossess local populations of their land, something that also has fueled immigration. In his essay, “Rescribir el Caso Cassez: Violencia simbólica y estrategias de subjetivación en Una novela criminal de Jorge Volpi,” Tomás Regalado López discusses Volpi’s narrative strategies which humanize Israel Vallarta and Florence Cassez, who were falsely apprehended in 2005 when they were arrested and framed by Mexican authorities that, with the complicity of the country’s main television networks, staged and broadcast their “capture” to the nation on live television. In her piece, “Los nudos inexorables entre la escritura, el arte y los muros fronterizos,” Shelley Garrigan discusses how the US-Mexico border wall elicits contestatory artistic responses from both sides and how those expressions transcend it. The second section, “Violencias de género,” examines literary expressions of gender-based violence, specifically violence propagated by machista conceptions of masculinity against women and men. In his contribution, “Vivir a muerte: Escrituras dolientes y denuncias de género en El silencio de los cuerpos,” Oswaldo Estrada reviews and analyzes this collection of stories by nine women writers on horrific acts of violence against women and feminicides. The critic signals the important role this book can play in raising awareness of these crimes. In her essay, “Contar muertos y muertas: Estrategias escriturales en Antígona González de Sara Uribe y Vike, Un animal dentro de mí de Minerva Margarita Villarreal,” Irma Cantú analyzes poetic strategies employed by these two authors to express alternative perspectives on the violence afflicting women. In the final piece of this section, “Diluvio de violencia: Masculinidad y (trans)feminicidio en Temporada de huracanes de Fernanda Melchor,” Alejandra Márquez examines the violence caused by masculine gender expectations that in this novel result in sexual violence and the murder of a transgendered woman. The third section, “Desigualdades (neo)liberales,” assesses contemporary cinematic representations of violence in films and a Netflix series. In his contribution, “El borramiento del indio en Sueño en otro idioma y ¿Qué le dijiste a Dios?,” Pedro Ángel Palou argues that the stereotype of Indigenous people in Mexican films has not changed over time in large part...

Three W’s of in-depth journalism portraying socio-environmental conflicts in Chilean television: What (the agenda), who (the sources), and where (the locations)

This article offers a case study of the Chilean investigative broadcasting journalism uncovering disasters and socio-environmental conflicts. Drawn from an analysis of 17 long-form stories aired by the two main television shows on current affairs in the country, we show that in-depth reporting on Chilean television was chronicling some of the most acute environmental issues since 1990s. Indeed, almost 13 hours of footage assembly a visual memory of conflicts in a society fueled by an extractivist based economy. It is noticeable a geographic diversity when covering the environment, as well as when covering waste production and pollution. Despite a relative diversity in sources, there is a sharp unbalance on gender representation. This article addresses the much-needed research on environment and communication while most of these studies pay attention to industrialized nations. It also contributes to building a situated knowledge considering the specificities of in-depth journalism in South America.

Television, Brands, and the Pandemic: How Spanish TV Channels Treated the Brands Most Valued for Their CSR During the COVID-19 Lockdown.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, in March 2020, the Spanish Government announced a total lockdown of the population and the interruption of all nonessential economic activity. From this point, televisions adapted their programming schedules by reducing their usual informative content, such as sport or economic segments. In this context, it would be reasonable to assume that the overall television coverage devoted to the main Spanish brands would decrease, but what about those considered to be most active in the field of corporate social responsibility (CSR)? In this work, we analyze the presence of the Spanish brands that are most valued for their CSR on the four main television channels with the highest audience over the two months of total lockdown, and also in the online press. The study confirms that the television coverage of these brands was not only reduced but was also mostly positive during the pandemic, so it reveals the CSR importance in crisis periods.

Cinematography and Modern Media

The purpose of the study is to analyze modern and traditional media; identify problems and prospects, compare modern media with its traditional analogues; describe the role of main professions associated with film and television; to reveal the problems of modern media. The research methodology consists in applying the following methods: theoretical – analysis of television programs, films, information sources, generalization of the influence of media on world transformations and determination of the interdependence of the structural components that form the whole television space. Scientific novelty. For the first time the components of modern media are deeply analyzed, a detailed analysis of the interdependence of the structural components that form the television space is carried out, using a theoretical analysis of television programs, the factors affecting the quality of the television product are determined. Conclusions. In the course of the article, we analyzed modern and traditional media. With the help of the ongoing analysis, we have established the differences between modern media and traditional ones, problems were identified and possible ways of solving them were analyzed. The components that form modern media were considered in detail and the role of the main film and television professions was determined. The factors, which are influencing the quality of television content were summarized by the author as well.

It Takes Two to Tango: How the COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign in Israel Was Framed by the Health Ministry vs. the Television News

BackgroundThe internet has become a major resource in information transfer during COVID-19, and traditional means of communication are digitized and accessible online to the public at large.ObjectivesThis study seeks to examine how Israel's two main television news channels (Channel 12 and Channel 13) covered the Covid-19 vaccination campaign, compared to how the Ministry of Health ran the campaign.MethodsA qualitative study based on triangulation of online content analyses from three different sources: advertising campaigns, social media posts and reports on television news channels. The research sample included 252 reports from the newsrooms of Channel 13 (n = 151) and Channel N12 (n = 101), Israel's two leading news channels, all broadcast between December 1, 2020 and November 30, 2021. The sample also included posts from Israel Ministry of Health Facebook page and advertising campaigns from the Facebook page of the Israel Government Advertising Agency (LAPAM), which constructs advertising campaigns for the MOH (113 items).ResultsThe research findings reveal congruence between the way the MOH framed its vaccination campaign and news coverage of the vaccination issue. The vaccination campaign used three primary framing strategies: (1) positive framing (emphasizing the vaccine's advantages and stressing that the vaccine is safe and effective based on cost-benefit calculations and public health perspectives); (2) fear appeal strategy (conveying persuasive messages that seek to arouse fear through threats of impending danger or harm); (3) attribution of responsibility strategy (blaming the unvaccinated and targeting all those who criticized Israel's generic vaccination policy).ConclusionAs the watchdog of democracy, the news should function as a professional and objective source that criticizes government systems if necessary and strives to uncover the truth throughout the crisis. Public trust, which is so essential during such a crisis, can be achieved only if the news channels provide reports and meaningful journalistic investigations that challenge the system. By doing so, they can help fight conflicts of interest that divert management of the crisis from the professional health field to the political-economic arena.

Constructing the Islamic state: analysing the interplay between media and policy frames in the aftermath of the November 13th 2015 Paris attacks

ABSTRACT This article analyses the imagined threat posed by the Islamic State in the aftermath of the November 13th Paris attacks and during the build-up to the December 2nd 2015 House of Commons vote to extend U.K. airstrikes to Syria. Combining Political Communications and International Relations approaches to framing analysis, and focusing on Britain’s three main television news providers (BBC, ITV and Channel 4), it seeks to question (1) how the Islamic State is framed, (2) who shapes those frames, and (3) what consequences arise from adopting certain ways of seeing and speaking over others? The analysis identifies three competing frames (labelled here as the “(Para)Military”, the “Elusive” and the “Extremist” frames), and their main advocates, and shows how, ultimately, U.K. news media tend to support an “elite”-centred understanding of the threat, thus legitimising calls for extending airstrikes into Syria. In so doing, the article provides two contributions to knowledge: first, empirical, by generating substantive new insight into the way the Islamic State was portrayed in the days and weeks following the Paris attacks, and in particular who shapes those portrayals; and, second, conceptual, via its blending of Political Communications and International Relations approaches to framing and their consequences.

Evaluación de la publicidad de medicamentos en los principales medios televisivos, radiofónicos y escritos en Costa Rica

La presente investigación evaluó la publicidad de medicamentos en los principales medios televisivos, radiofónicos y escritos en Costa Rica para conocer la información que se transmite al consumidor. Los medios de comunicación son interesantes objetos de estudios porque son usados por las industrias como una herramienta para poder llegar al consumidor. Este es un estudio observacional, descriptivo de tipo transversal, se realizó una encuesta a la población estudiantil de la Universidad Latina de Costa Rica y con la misma se hizo una observación de las pautas publicitarias en la radio, periódicos y la televisión en diferentes horarios. En la investigación se determinó que la mayoría de los anuncios encontrados en los diferentes medios de comunicación carecieron de ciertas disposiciones solicitadas por el reglamento. Las faltas que se encontraron fueron: composición del producto (principios activos), casa fabricante, categoría del producto, presentaciones disponibles. Se demostró que las regulaciones en la parte de la promoción de un medicamento son de gran importancia para poder proteger a los consumidores, porque las ganancias de las industrias farmacéuticas dependen en gran medida de su mercadotecnia. La promoción de productos busca aumentar las ganancias, sin embargo, si esto no se hace correctamente podría haber una mala utilización de los medicamentos.

De la videopolítica a la ciberpolítica: debate entre candidatos y televisiones en cinco elecciones presidenciales

Los medios de comunicacion se convierten en actores politicos tambien en el espacio digital, en donde su informacion construye una agenda que se relaciona con candidatos y ciudadanos. La presente investigacion analiza las cuentas oficiales de Twitter de las dos principales televisiones en Argentina, Peru, Ecuador, Honduras y Chile durante 28 dias, que corresponden con los procesos electorales y campanas de las elecciones presidenciales celebradas en America Latina en el periodo 2015-2017. A traves del estudio de 16.359 emisiones mediante herramientas como Python Twint, NVivo y SPSS, se correlacionan las tematicas mas relevantes en cada proceso electoral, poniendolas en discusion con las agendas de los respectivos candidatos. Como principales conclusiones, se indica la primacia del horse-race campaign, la posicion subsidiaria de la informacion politica y la existencia de una ''coalicion de agendas'' que marca la relacion entre el sistema politico y el sistema mediatico.

Televisiones autonómicas y diversidad: análisis de la programación de Televisión del Principado de Asturias

Este artículo, planteado desde la perspectiva investigadora de la Economía Política de la Comunicación y la Cultura, analiza la diversidad ofertada de A7, la señal principal de Televisión del Principado de Asturias (TPA), desde su concepción de televisión pública de proximidad. La metodología aplicada se basa en una triangulación de datos que incluye un análisis documental, una propuesta propia de análisis de contenido de la parrilla de emisión, y la realización de entrevistas en profundidad a agentes clave implicados en el proceso de programación de TPA. Los resultados indican que A7 ofrece un servicio público de proximidad que garantiza la dinamización del audiovisual regional ya que los contenidos asturianos son predominantes. En términos lingüísticos, a pesar de que la emisión en la lengua propia del territorio es minoritaria, los contenidos en asturiano han aumentado gradualmente su presencia y están íntegramente vinculados a la producción doméstica. Respecto a los macrogéneros, se programa una alta variedad de estos pero su presencia es desequilibrada: A7 es una televisión informativa y de ficción que deja de lado el rol educativo de la televisión pública y la atención a minorías etarias.

Monitoring a Sample of Main Televisions and Connected Entertainment Systems in Northern Italy

Energy labels are a powerful instrument to influence the electricity consumption of appliances and lighting devices in households. However, the real consumption data depend on a number of different factors, including marketing policies, purchase preferences, technology development, and last but not least behavioural habits. While white appliance consumption trends tend to change over a longer period, the use of entertainment devices changes quickly. A number of different devices (digital versatile disc (DVD) player, decoder, game console, home theater, video recorder) are normally connected to the main television set, and these devices change rapidly, and, at the same time, new behaviors are emerging. There is an increasing gap between, on one hand, the higher consumption of televisions and connected devices and the number of regulations developed for their regulation, and, on the other hand, the lack of knowledge on the real onsite consumption. In order to fill this gap, in 2017, a measurement campaign was promoted and developed in some households in northern Italy. The consumption of 28 main televisions and 14 entertainment systems was measured on a daily basis for at least two weeks. Standby consumptions were measured as well. On the basis of outcomes evaluated, it results that these devices are responsible for 9.3% of total electricity consumption as an average of 5.6% for televisions and 3.7% of the attached devices. Standby consumption is still considerably high (3.6% of the total electricity consumption), especially for satellite decoders. Some interesting correlations were studied highlighting the effect of the introduction of the energy labels or the increasing size of the TV over time. The main results obtained were compared to those of previous monitoring campaigns launched in Italy.

Influence of the Information Background on the Economic Behavior of Households

The article is devoted to the role of the information background in household decisions on consumption-savings. The issue of behavioral prerequisites for decision-making has lately become the mainstream of economic theory. The crisis of the “absolutely rational subject” as a concept led to the development of theories of bounded rationality and to the search for noneconomic determinants of micro- and macroeconomic processes. As a result of interdisciplinary studies conducted at the intersection of psychology, sociology, political science and economics, modern economic theory has been enriched with new approaches and concepts that better describe the reality than models based on the axiom of homo economicus. The main limitations of the rationality of economic entities include the imperfection of information that is available and is at the same time reliable, as well as the necessary costs of its processing plus the probability of errors. The present study is intended to make a contribution to this theory by investigating the impact of the information component in the form of economic news on the behavior of Russian households in terms of disposition of available incomes. The research was based on a selection of news for 2006–2016 by the main television channels of the Russian Federation — the most accessible and trustworthy source of information for households according to public opinion polls. The news was evaluated as negative or positive with the help of linguistic and semantic analysis, and afterwards an econometric analysis of the relationship with economic indicators was performed. It turned out that an increase in uncertainty (expansion of the “spread of negativity and positivity” news) leads to a choice in favor of current consumption, which leads to a reduction of savings as the national investment base. In addition, the authors analyzed the relationship between the tonality of news and its dynamics with the business cycle. The analysis revealed that the “information” cycle correlates, with a certain lag, with the business cycle.

Increasing Community Awareness of Cancer Signs and Symptoms in Samoa: The Vave Campaign

Background and context: Cancer is the second most common cause of death in Samoa. Early detection increases the likelihood of successful treatment; however, in Samoa, cancer patients often present late, when treatment options are limited and often reduced to receiving palliative care. Low levels of health literacy in relation to cancer causation, risk factors, and signs and symptoms contribute to poor outcomes for cancer patients in Samoa. Aim: The Vave (Quickly) campaign aimed to increase community awareness about the signs and symptoms of cancer, and promote early detection. Strategy/Tactics: This was a 12-month national social marketing campaign designed to ensure maximum population reach across Samoa. The campaign adopted a multipronged approach with three main components: mass and social media coverage; printed resources; and community education. All components included the campaign messages: early detection; quickly see a doctor; and quickly ring Samoa Cancer Society (SCS). Program/Policy process: The campaign focused on four of the most common cancers in Samoa: stomach, lung, breast, and prostate. Television advertisements and radio scripts were developed for each type of cancer, piloted and broadcast on the main television and radio stations. Printed materials were developed, including brochures, posters and banners. Community educators delivered a total of 29 face-to-face education sessions across Samoa; these sessions prioritized villages, schools and church groups in areas with poor television and radio coverage. Outcomes: The campaign was successful in increasing awareness of cancer signs and symptoms in the community. Approximately 2000 Samoans (over 1% of the population) received the face-to-face education sessions; analysis of pre- and postsession questionnaires showed that the sessions were effective in increasing health literacy around cancer signs and symptoms. In addition, the number of inquiries received by SCS increased significantly as a result of the advertisements, from an average of 18 inquiries per month in the months prior to the implementation of the campaign to 40 inquiries during the campaign. This increase was particularly marked during October (Breast Cancer Awareness Month) when SCS received 112 inquiries. Limited data on patient visits suggests that the campaign resulted in increased numbers of hospital and general practice visits, and is likely to have contributed to the early detection of some cancers. What was learned: · The campaign resulted in an increase in inquiries and requests for check-ups; however, limited availability of medical and screening services must be considered when managing community expectations. · Establishing effective community and professional relationships contributed to the success of the campaign. Formative research and greater involvement of health professionals throughout the campaign would have prevented some implementation issues.

Il vestito nuovo dell'imperatore: le ri-velazioni della valutazione

The aim of the contribution is to explore three recent volumes - Contro l'ideologia della valutazione. L'Anvur e l'arte della rottamazione dell'universita by Davide Borrelli (2015), I pesci e il pavone. Contro la valutazione meritocratica della ricerca scientifica by Enrico Mauro (2017) and Valutatemi! Il fascino discreto della meritocrazia by Benedicte Vidaillet (2018). By adopting a critical standpoint that intertwines a complex of knots, relationships and issues of the present that go far beyond the circumscribed scope of the academic field, these volumes deconstruct the rhetoric and semantic mystifications of the culture of evaluation (Pinto, 2014). A culture that is virally spreading in professions, sectors, levels of classification, in increasingly transversal fields: from the corporate world to the public administration, from the main television formats at all levels of the education and training system.

Broadcasting agitainment: a new media strategy of Putin’s third presidency

ABSTRACTThis article argues that accounts of the Russian media system that tend to view the time from Vladimir Putin’s rise to power in 2000 as a single homogenous period do not capture major qualitative shifts in state-controlled media coverage. By analyzing the output of Russia’s two main television channels during Putin’s third presidential term, we identify a range of distinctly new features that amount to a new media strategy. This involves a significant increase in the coverage of political issues through the replacement of infotainment with what we term agitainment—an ideologically inflected content that, through adapting global media formats to local needs, attempts to appeal to less engaged and even sceptical viewers. Despite the tightening of political control over the media following the annexation of Crimea, the new strategy paradoxically has strengthened the constitutive role played by the state-controlled broadcasters in the articulation of official discourse.

How diverse are Egypt’s media: A look at the post-revolution presidential elections

Abstract This article examines media diversity and inclusiveness of the coverage in Egypt through a content analysis of Egyptian media during the first Presidential elections following the 25 January revolution of 2011. Diversity is defined as the inclusiveness of different groups in terms of race, ethnicity, religion, nationality, age, income-based discrimination, gender and any other factors that make individuals or groups different from, but equal to, each other. The author used quantitative content analysis of four popular state and private newspapers and a critical analysis of the main television news bulletin and several talk shows. Overall, the coders analysed a total of 5308 stories that were published on the elections in the four newspapers. They also analysed the main news bulletin and three talk shows on state and private satellite channels. Analysis started a week before and ended a week after each round of the Presidential elections for a total of 32 monitoring days. The research addressed diversity both in terms of the agents featured in the media and the topics mentioned/discussed. The results indicate that, even though the journalistic standards were sometimes reasonable, coverage ignored important issues of substance and all issues related to inclusiveness and diversity as they relate to women, children, the elderly, religious minorities and ethnic minorities. The study concludes that diversity issues are still largely ignored in the Egyptian media.

Manifestations of Speech Aggression in the Creativity of "Literaturnaya Gazeta" Television Criticists (Russia)

The article investigates the examples of verbal aggression manifestations in publicistic texts that assess the modern broadcasting practice and the content of the main Russian television companies, "Literaturnaya gazeta", one of the popular weekly periodicals in Russia. In each issue of this newspaper, several articles were published with an assessment of the quality of television broadcasts. Having studied the archives of "Literaturnaya gazeta" issues (260 in total) for the period of 2012-2016, we found 842 articles containing both positive and negative evaluations of TV shows, the work of the TV show hosts and the trends of modern federal television broadcasting. Using the methods of "Literaturnaya gazeta" continuous monitoring, a quantitative and a content analysis of its articles and the comparison of the articles of television critics published in different years, we found out that a large part of the analyzed articles, the thing was about television programs and famous persons taking part in them. Having analyzed the style of information presentation in the publications of television critics of "Literaturnaya gazeta", we found out that verbal aggression over the chronological period of the research was one of the frequently used methods to develop a negative public opinion about the practice of the main Russian television channel functioning. In 2012-2016 this language phenomenon was applied in relation to television programs, television personalities and to characterize a social-political situation in the country where Russian television operates. We believe that the regular appeal of critics to verbal aggression testifies to the desire of "Literaturnaya gazeta" authors to influence the audience more emotionally than rationally and follow a simple path, revealing and replicating the negative.

Modeling conversion of Television advertisement for Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) – (<i>Viewer-to-Buyer Conversion)</i>

There are currently more than 107 TV stations in Kenya (with just over 10 free to air dominating the market), a number that has been growing exponentially since 2001. Further, more than 80% of the country’s population has access to a television. Driven by these two factors and the growing economy, advertising revenue for broadcasters has grown threefold from $107 million in 2007 to $359 million in 2013. With all this money being invested into TV advertising by companies, there has been a limited availability and exposure to tools for measuring the return of such huge investments for Ad spots. Research companies have developed tools to test ads and define the qualities of good advertisement, but none has zeroed down on estimating the conversion rates of those exposed to advertisement; the probability of audiences being converted to buyers of the advertised product. With a special focus on Fast moving consumer goods, a generalized linear model is obtained to estimate the probability of conversion from “viewers” to “buyers” for those that have been exposed to a particular TV advertisement. Data for 120 residents of Nairobi is collected. Demographic characteristics, social economic status, exposure, purchase habits and motivators data are collected. A multinomial logistic model was constructed using this data, with the response being a three-level multinomial variable – “Will buy”, “Will consider buying” and “Will not buy”. Six variables significantly influence the conversion of Television ad viewer to buyers – Gender, income/social class, Level of education, total time spent watching TV in a day, main television interest and most important feature of an advertisement. The model was validated by (a) significant test of the overall model, (b) tests of regression coefficients, (c) goodness-of-fit measures, & (d) validation of predicted probabilities. Three methodological issues were highlighted in the discussion: (1) the use of odds ratio, (2) the Hosmer and Lemeshow test extended to multinomial logistic models, and (3) the missing data problem. Believability and relatability of a television advertisement increase the probability of conversion by three times compared to the length/precision aspect. People with either primary or secondary education are also 3 times more likely to be converted compared to those with tertiary education.

Социальные механизмы функционирования медиаинститутов: генезис преференций адресата

Within the framework of sociology of media the author explains the behavior of target audiences in the nowadays media environment, analyzes the changing nature of the relationship between the sender and the recipient of the message. The article considers the social mechanisms of the contemporary media institutions and changes in media consumption preferences of different social strata under the growing influence of communication technologies. The author believes that the digitalization determines the audience’s need for explanation instead of just information. The virtual reality as a new communication platform becomes a common practice, and the audience becomes its passive participant demanding new ways of real-time access to information. The print media audience is gradually moving from constant reading of one or two mass editions to the study of a large number of specialized media. There is the same trend of the declining share of main television channels in advertising budgets due to the increasing share of specialized network channels. At the same time, advertising budgets are transferred to the mobile platforms for there is a growing need in ‘big data’ in real time due to the fast development of mobile electronic devices. Tablets and smartphones are attributes of the emerging media ecology that are gradually replacing television for digital generations prefer to watch the same TV content ‘outside’ the traditional TV environment.

The coverage of science in television news programs in Brazil and Colombia: a comparative study of media constructs

This study analyzes and compares the science and technology coverage in Brazil's main television news program (Jornal Nacional) and its Colombian counterpart (Noticias Caracol). Using content analysis, we investigated a corpus of news stories broadcast from April 2009 to March 2010. We found that Jornal Nacional presented over twice as many reports on science and technology as Noticias Caracol, and that its levels of reporting remained fairly stable throughout the year. The Brazilian reports were also longer, were featured more prominently, and used more visual resources. Even so, some similarities were found: news about health and medicine was most frequent; the reports focused primarily on announcing new research; scientists were the main sources cited; and national research was prioritized.

La calidad periodística en caso de desastres naturales: cobertura televisiva de un terremoto en Chile

This paper presents a quantitative content analysis to assess the presence or absence of required professional journalistic standards in television news coverage of natural disasters. A code sheet of 45 variables was used to evaluate thematic hierarchy, focus, emotional tone, use of sources, audiovisual treatment and presence of opinion and speculation in a sample of 1612 news from the coverage of the main television networks in Chile regarding the earthquake that struck the country on February 27, 2010. The significance of this instrument strives in the possibility of comparing journalism in case of catastrophes with normal patterns and from there on to analyze deficiencies and difficulties that are to be faced in such extraordinary circumstances.