Main System Elements Research Articles

The "thinking system" in a new school concept: A rhythmic teaching approach in physical education to develop creativity.

System Thinking is an actual construct supported by several scientific evidence that offer a perspective on how phenomena relate. Rhythm methodology, teaching-learning, and enjoyment in physical education are the main system elements we hypothesize interacting closely to determine direct or mediated effects on motor creativity and rhythmic perceptive capacity. Seventy-six elementary and middle school students (8.9 ± 2.1 years) were randomly assigned to two groups: a) an intervention group that received a physical education lesson based on rhythmic methodology and b) a control group that received conventional lessons without specific rhythmic interventions. Participants were engaged in eight physical education lessons lasting one hour each for eight weeks. Tests and questionnaires were administered before and after the intervention to evaluate motor creativity, rhythmic perception capacity, self-perception and enjoyment. Two lessons were randomly analyzed to identify the teaching style and motor content (moderate and vigorous activity). The main results revealed direct effects on the intervention group's motor creativity (p = 0.001) and its rhythmic perception capacity (p = 0.02). Furthermore, enjoyment mediated the effects of the intervention on motor creativity (p = 0.01). Finally, the results have shown that self-perception does not mediate the effect of rhythmic intervention group on motor creativity and rhythmic perceptive capacity (p > 0.05). A rhythmic methodology proposed by specific multi-teaching styles can involve children and young people in an enjoyable activity with more moderate to vigorous physical activity.

Joint educational programs as a tool to increase the international competitiveness of a regional university

The article is devoted to the practices’ study of increasing the international competitiveness of a regional university through the joint educational programs development and implementation. The paper provides a review and systematization of legislative acts on the education of foreign citizens in Russian universities. The main system elements of joint educational programs aimed at improving the international competitiveness of higher education institutions have been highlighted. The implementation results of a joint educational program at the Penza Branch of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation under an agreement with the Eastern Institute of the Shandong University of Finance and Economics (People’s Republic of China) have been presented. The directions of further cooperation with partners within the framework of joint educational programs have been outlined. The article materials will be relevant for heads of universities, branches, as well as vice-rectors as a practical case in the development of international activities.

Conceptual problems of financial accounting in a digital economy

The article shows modern problems of financial accounting associated with formation of conceptual accounting provisions in the context of digitalisation of society and economy. An open system of financial accounting, consisting of interrelated and interdependent elements, functions in the new economic conditions. The accounting concept created by regulatory legal acts does not meet the requirements of practice and does not meet current users’ needs. There are prerequisites for changing the entire accounting system due to modern technologies (blockchain, artificial intelligence), which can completely change the traditional ideas about the formation of accounting and analytical information as well as main functions of accountant. The study of the current financial accounting concept and the formulation of directions for its development in the digital economy formation conditions based on the identification of conceptual problems of the modern accounting system characteristic is the purpose of the work. An analysis of the digital economy impact on the accounting system formation, a review of the main system elements that are undergoing the greatest transformation and the identification of problem areas that need to be addressed in the formation of the digital economy are the objectives of the study. The most relevant problem is the legal regulation of financial accounting, as well as issues of methodological nature related to the need for internal content, proposed by the authors of the accounting system in accordance with the changed digital economy information needs.

Исследование влияния цилиндрических самотормозящихся передач на работу привода в различных режимах

Many electromechanical drives require the fixation of the output link in a given position and the prevention of its spontaneous movement under load. To ensure this, the drive is usually equipped with a brake. However, in many cases it is possible to do without a special braking mechanism if a self-braking mechanism (gear) is included in the drive, which combines the functions of transferring motion and automatic braking the drive after the engine is turned off. This solution allows obtaining a simple and compact structure and reducing the cost of the drive by eliminating the brake. Dynamic models of an electromechanical drive with a power unit consisting of an electric motor and a gearbox, that is a cylindrical self-braking gear are considered. The equations of motion of the main system elements are given, which make it possible to assess the frequency and transient characteristics of the drive, the ability of its operation in various modes.

Thermoeconomical optimization of a regenerative air turbine cogeneration system

The concept of optimization of operating and design parameters of the regenerative air turbine cogeneration (RATC) system is proposed. To determine the energy efficiency indicators of this system, its thermodynamic analysis was performed. At the same time, it is shown that it is not correct to search for the optimal parameters of such a system only by energy indicators, and modern thermoeconomic methods should be more actively involved in pre-design practice, which allow a comprehensive evaluation of the efficiency and economy of the energy-technological system as a whole and its individual elements. Therefore, on the basis of the data obtained during the thermodynamic analysis, exergy destruction and losses in the main system elements were calculated. Then, using the structural-variant method in combination with the graphical apparatus of C-curves, the pre-project thermoeconomic optimization of the RATC system was performed. This made it possible to choose the optimal operating and design parameters of the system and determine the minimum cost for its creation and operation throughout the entire life cycle, taking into account the thermodynamic perfection of the main system elements. Each variable operating mode parameter of the system serves as a kind of navigator when searching for the option of system parameters that is optimal in terms of energy and economic indicators, which is accompanied by graphic visualization. Therefore, the proposed approach makes the optimization of the system being designed convenient and clear. It can be used in the optimal design of various types of thermal transformers and other energy-technological systems.

THE ORGANIZATION OF MILITARY AND SOCIAL WORK IN THE ARMED FORCES OF UKRAINE: MAIN NOWADAYS PROBLEMS OF EVOLVING AND IMPROVEMENT

This article substantiates the idea that in modern conditions in repelling armed aggression in Eastern Ukraine, the effectiveness of hostilities depends mainly on the organization and improvement of military and social work in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Also, it depends on the creation of favorable social and legal conditions, comprehensive satisfaction staffing needs. Therefore, the article first considers the issues of modern understanding of the essence and tasks of military and social work in the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AF). The main system elements are revealed - the subjects of HRV in the context of their formation in the development of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, objects, directions, and measures for implementing the tasks. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of the main problems in the history of forming the legal framework of military and social work. Further in the article, an attempt is made to reveal the current problems of formation, organization, and implementation of HRV in the territorial centers of staffing and social support. After all, the authors' problems have not yet been studied and require independent research. Based on the study of NATO experience, it is established that the new approaches of military and social work organization and implementation in these centers should be based on the principle of identifying the most socially disadvantaged categories of persons. Furthermore, to provide them with appropriate targeted assistance in cooperation with public authorities. It was also established that to increase the efficiency of the HRC tasks listed in the article, particularly in these centers, it is necessary to more actively and persistently implement the System of Officials on Moral and Psychological Influence on Personnel in the Field of Military and Social Activities. Staff - Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. At the same time, the fundamental document that should be the basis of a promising HRV system is the already developed draft Strategy for the development of social work in the Armed Forces of Ukraine until 2035. The authors conclude that the topic development requires constant analysis and consideration of the growing role factors of the social factor in ensuring a high level of combat and mobilization readiness. Moreover, troops' (forces) moral and psychological condition in performing tasks in the Joint Forces operation is necessary. The presence of acute social problems in military personnel and the need to implement NATO standards in troops' (forces) social sphere of life.

Techno-energy-economic sensitivity analysis of hybrid system Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine

<abstract> <p>The paper presents a wide and deep analysis of the techno-energy and economic performance of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine hybrid system fed by gas at different compositions of H<sub>2</sub>, CO, H<sub>2</sub>O, CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4, </sub> and N<sub>2</sub>. The layout of the system accounts for pressurizing of entering fluids, heat up to the set Solid Oxide Fuel Cell inlet conditions, Solid Oxide Fuel Cell thermo-electrochemical processing, Solid Oxide Fuel Cell—exhaust fluids combustion, turbo-expansion after heat up, and final recovery unit for cogeneration purposes.</p> <p>An ad hoc numerical modeling is developed and then run in a Matlab calculation environment. The influence on the system is evaluated by investigating the change of the fuel composition, and by managing the main operating parameters such as pressure and the fuel utilization factor. The analysis reports on the specific mass flowrates necessary to the purpose required, by assessing the SOFC outlet molar compositions, specific energies (work) at main system elements, specific thermal energies at main system elements, energy and technical performance for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell energy unit; the performance such as electric and thermal efficiency, temperatures at main system elements. A final sensitivity analysis on the performance, Levelized Cost of Energy and Primary Energy Saving, is made for completion. The first simulation campaign is carried out on a variable anodic mixture composed of H<sub>2</sub>, CO, H<sub>2</sub>O, considering the H<sub>2</sub>/CO ratio variable within the range 0.5-14, and H<sub>2</sub>O molar fraction variable in the range 0.1-0.4; used to approach a possible syngas in which they are significantly high compared to other possible compounds. While other simulation campaigns are conducted on real syngases, produced by biomass gasification. The overall Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/Gas Turbine system showed a very promising electric efficiency, ranging from 53 to 63%, a thermal efficiency of about 37%, an LCOE ranging from 0.09 to 0.14 ＄·kWh<sup>-1</sup>, and a Primary Energy Saving in the range of 33-52%, which resulted to be highly affected by the H<sub>2</sub>/CO ratio.</p> <p>Also, real syngases at high H<sub>2</sub>/CO ratio are noticed as the highest quality, revealing electric efficiency higher than 60%. Syngases with methane presence also revealed good performance, according to the fuel processing of methane itself to hydrogen. Low-quality syngases revealed electric efficiencies of about 51%. Levelized Cost of Energy varied from 0.09 (for high-quality gas) to 0.19 (for low-quality gas) ＄·kWh<sup>-1</sup>, while Primary Energy Saving ranged from 44 to 52%.</p> </abstract>

Порівняльний аналіз ексергетичної ефективності теплоутилізаційних систем різного призначення

To assess the exergy efficiency of heat recovery systems, a complex approach was used, which allows us to evaluate the operation of heat recovery systems simultaneously from several positions: thermodynamic, heat engineering, and technological. In this work, within the framework of this approach, the heat-exergy efficiency criterion and exergy efficiency were used. Four types of heat recovery systems for various purposes for boiler plants were investigated. For the systems under consideration, structural schemes have been developed in which exergy flows between individual discrete elements of a simple structure are identified. The calculation of exergy characteristics was carried out using the balance methods of exergy analysis and a technique combining the methods of exergy analysis with the RP method of representing the thermodynamic balances of the system in matrix form. Based on the calculated exergy characteristics, a comparative analysis of the exergy efficiency of heat recovery systems for various purposes is carried out. According to the research results, one of the possible ways to reduce the total exergy losses in heat recovery systems is to reduce losses in the pump system and piping system. This reduction is achieved by aggregating the maximum number of functional elements of the heat recovery system in one device. It is shown that for a heat recovery scheme in which the three main elements are structurally combined in one housing, the heat-exergy criterion is reduced by 6.7 %, and the exergy efficiency is increased by 4.0 % compared to the non-aggregated heat recovery scheme. Thus, heat recovery systems with complex use of recover heat for heating various heat-transfer agents and with aggregation of the main system elements in one housing are characterized by the best exergetic indicators. Key words: boiler plants; waste gas heat recovery, exergy losses, complex techniques; efficiency

Підготовка майбутніх учителів фізичної культури до роботи з спортивно-патріотичного виховання здобувачів базової середньої освіти

The article discusses the theoretical aspects of preparing future physical education teachers for work on sports and patriotic education of applicants for basic secondary education. The purpose of the study is theoretical analysis of the aspects of the work of future teachers of physical culture to work on sports and patriotic education of applicants for basic secondary education. Patriotic education of Ukrainian citizens is national in nature, based on national traditions of the Ukrainian people, is the ideological force of national consciousness (self-consciousness) – the main result of national-patriotic education and the basis of national identity. The relationship of physical education with patriotic education is obvious. This is evidenced by the historical process of the formation of the Ukrainian nation, namely, the close connection has been observed since the times of the Cossacks, when physical maturity was one of the bases of the opportunity to defend their homeland, to show patriotism not in word, but in business. The study paid attention to the relationship of the current structure of education and education of the past. Attention is paid to the origins of sports and patriotic education in the history of Ukraine, the development in different segments of the population. The current situation is highlighted and various aspects and instruments of influence on the formation of a conscious, patriotically oriented personality are considered. Based on the analysis of scientific and pedagogical literature, we identified the main directions in the system of training future teachers of physical culture, which include spiritual and moral, historical and local lore, civil and patriotic direction, and others. The main system elements of the readiness structure of the future teacher of physical culture in the patriotic education of applicants for basic secondary education are considered. The method of forming the readiness of the future teacher of physical culture for sports and patriotic education, which consists of three stages, is defined. In the future, we plan to pay attention to the practical aspect of preparing future teachers of physical culture for the sport-patriotic education of students of institutions of general secondary education and experimentally prove the effectiveness and feasibility of using one or another methodology.

Real-Time Tissue Differentiation Using Fiber Optic Sensing in Laser Catheters1

Real-Time Tissue Differentiation Using Fiber Optic Sensing in Laser Catheters1

A modular Petri net to modeling and scenario analysis of a network of road traffic signals

The dynamic behavior of a group of traffic signals controlling a network of intersections is a complex discrete event system that can be modeled by Petri nets. The approach used in this paper proposes a components-based design, which increases modularity, reduces complexity and is a good practice according to modern Systems Engineering. The main system elements are specified based on the proposed Petri net component with time intervals associated to places. The specified models are simulated through the common token player algorithm, and formal analysis using invariants and theorem proving are applied to verify models' soundness and to reason on specific scenarios.

Application characteristics of the law of system completeness

Some aspects of the Law of system completeness appearance in technical, information and economic systems are considered in the report. The main system elements revelation technique including a set of criteria for checking of model adequacy to a real system is being proposed. Special attention is being paid to control parameters and control element revelation and its relation with background. A lot of examples are analyzed. It is considered a way of mistake avoiding while main system elements revealing and mistakes of the following analysis.

Supply chain performance measurement system based on scorecards and web portals

Successful supply chain management becomes essential for the ultimate success of corporations. Companies today seek an effective performance measurement (PM) system to maximize the bottom line. Unfortunately, performance measurement in the supply-chain field has not kept pace with today?s world of interdependent business relationships. What companies need is a new PM system that unifies different business elements, concepts, technologies and tools. In this paper, the architecture of such a pervasive PM system is introduced. The main system elements such as process model, metrics and data warehouse are described. Finally, a specialized PM web portal which enables proactive performance monitoring and fosters the improvement and optimization is presented.

A Visual Feedback Approach for Focal Plane Stabilization of a High Resolution Space Camera (Ein Ansatz zur Bildgestützten Regelung für die Fokalebenenstabilisierung einer Hochauflösenden Satellitenkamera)

Abstract In this article a new concept of a smart satellite pushbroom imaging system with internal compensation of attitude instability effects is presented. The compensation is performed within the optical path by an active opto-mechatronic stabilization of the focal plane image motion in a closed loop system with visual feedback. The real-time image motion measurement is derived from an auxiliary matrix image sensor and an onboard optical correlator. In this way the effects of attitude instability, vibrations and micro shocks can be neutralized, the image quality is improved and the requirements to the satellite attitude stability can be reduced considerably. The paper describes the principles of operation, the main system elements and gives detailed performance figures derived from a simulation performance model, which contains all relevant components of the smart imaging system.