Main Qualitative Characteristics Research Articles

FEATURES OF MIGRATION FLOWS OF KOREANS TO RUSSIA IN THE 19TH CENTURY: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS

This article examines the characteristics of Korean migration to the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Based on the analysis of historical sources and modern research, the main quantitative and qualitative characteristics of migration flows, reasons for resettlement, and the impact of this process on the socio-economic development of the Russian Far East are identified.

The potential for the development of research and pedagogical staff: a sociological perspective

The article examines the main quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the university social community of research and pedagogical stuff (RPS) from the point of view of both the trends that took place at the beginning of the XXI century and the current trends, as well as the ways of long-term development of this category of intellectual labor specialists. It is proved that further improvement of higher education in the country is impossible without the active participation in this process of the flagship of university progress – RPS. In order to identify the prospects of this community, the solution of the fundamental tasks of developing its potential is considered. The article proposes a Pyramid of factors of influence on the RPS, driven by four social actors – the presidential administration (level of megafactors), the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russian Federation (level of macrofactors), regional authorities and local governments (level of mesofactors), university administration (level of microfactors). All the considered solutions of the regulators of different levels, in the author’s opinion, have a strategic importance for the development of the RPS potential.

Результаты оценки совместимости сортов груши с карликовыми подвоями селекции ВНИИСПК для интенсивных технологий плодопроизводства в Центральной России

Abstract. The problems of industrial production of pear fruits in the central part of Russia are primarily associated with the absence of an intensive type of rootstock with optimal economic and biological characteristics and high environmental plasticity. The purpose of the study is to assess the compatibility of graft–rootstock combinations of various pear cultivars of industrial importance with dwarf rootstocks based on common quince of VNIISPK breeding. The results of the studies will make it possible to lay intensive pear orchards in the conditions of Central Russia. Methods. The studies were carried out with 50 pear cultivars in 2008–2010 and 2018–2023. The experiment was laid in the scientific and production nursery on the basis of VNIISPK in 3-fold repetition by the method of grafting on two-year-old quince seedlings. There were 11 accounting plants in each repetition. The compatibility of graft-rootstock combinations was assessed visually during the growing season. Scientific novelty. In the Central region of Russia, the assessment of compatibility of dwarf seed stocks based on common quince of VNIISPK breeding with pear cultivars promising for industrial production is carried out for the first time. Results. Based on the obtained research data, the graft-rootstock combinations were divided into three compatibility groups: A – cultivars compatible with quince stock that showed high quality of accretion, intensive development of grafts and the best quality of pear seedlings in nursery conditions; B – satisfactorily compatible, which, being quite viable graft-rootstock combinations, showed isolated signs of negative affinity and were not effective enough for intensive production; C – incompatible pear cultivars. The main qualitative characteristics of pear seedlings are presented.

Rhetorical and virtual communication: innovative characteristics of future professionals' communication culture

The article clarifies the main characteristics of the culture of professional communication of future specialists and verifies the effectiveness of the implementation of the author's system of forming the culture of rhetorical and virtual communication of future specialists to enrich the professional experience of future specialists for professional activities. The content of research concepts is disclosed and the main aspects of the manifestation of the culture of professional communication of future specialists are highlighted, its main qualitative communicative characteristics, the most effective factors of professional communication of future specialists, and criteria of productivity of the style of professional communication of future specialists are proposed. The main aspects of the rhetoric of professional communication are emphasized. The importance of virtual professional communication of future female and male specialists with the active introduction of remote technologies into the system of modern education is shown. Exercises for the development of professional communication culture skills of future specialists are offered. The study confirmed the practicality of introducing the developed author's system of formation of the culture of rhetorical and virtual communication of future specialists into professional training.

CONSEQUENCES OF THE VIRGIN LAND MEGAPROJECT: VIRGIN LAND SPACE AND ITS DEVELOPMENT

The results of studies of the eastern sector of Eurasia's steppe zone from the Volga region to the Altai on the subject of the dynamics of the steppe titularity are presented. The rapid and almost complete replacement of zonal steppe ecosystems on the plains with grain fields, which was produced by the Soviet Virgin Land Megaproject, formed a specific virgin space in the steppe zone. As a result of subsequent transformations, it developed into a post-virgin space, then transformed into an agro-export one. The leading factors of the formation of these spaces, their main qualitative characteristics, and specific features are described. The totality of the Virgin Land megaproject and the mass abandonment of fields, which has shown the self-restoring potential of the steppes, are considered as a unique experiment in the renewal of steppe grass stands. Taking into account the existing and new trends, we suggest an outline of the transition to a compromising space organized according to the principle of optimum economy and natural communities.

Optimization of information support for land use in transboundary territories

The article examines and defines the provisions for the use of land in the adjacent territories of the border zone of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan based on the use of remote sensing materials and their processing using GIS technologies. The need to solve the problem raised and the specifics of its solution are shown. The article discusses the main problems of economic use of land in the border zone of the Russian Federation and the Russian Federation. and ways to solve them. The authors proposed approaches that solve the problems of information support for monitoring the condition and use of lands in the border zone of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan. A model is proposed for creating an interstate database containing the main qualitative and quantitative characteristics of lands, with the aim of involving them in economic and economic turnover.

«По прозвищу Моисей»: литературные интерпретации жизни Харриет Табмен

The article is devoted to the formation of Harriet Tubman's image in the US literature. Two books belonging to the spread of Afrocentrism and the second wave of feminism — A. Petrie's non-fiction novel A Girl Called Moses: The Story of Harriet Tubman and M. Heidish's novel A Woman Called Moses — are chosen as the material for analysis. The article analyzes the main qualitative characteristics identified as early as in S. Bradford's book Harriet, Moses of Her People that form the discourse of race and gender in the mentioned narratives about Tubman, and identifies the main transformations of these characteristics. Thus, the work of African-American author A. Petrie reflects to a greater extent the sentiments of all her fellow women in the 1950s-60s Black Civil Rights Movement in the United States: while remaining within the generally accepted gender framework of feminine virtues, at the same time, the black woman was stepping out of her allotted racial limits. Furthermore, she shows that slavery is a cultural trauma that still defines how the African American community sees itself and its place in the society and how slavery is remembered as a means of self-identification within the African American community. Created by the white writer M. Heidish in the mid-1970s, during the rise of the second wave of the feminist movement, the novel reflects the very sentiments that characterized this movement and shows the view of a sympathetic Other on the issue of race. Thus, the article establishes the fact that Harriet Tubman plays a very important role in the African-American and women's discourse in the United States as an image that is given the necessary functions and qualities for its time based on the socio-cultural context contemporary to the interpreter.

Patterns of Patient Recruitment in Clinical Studies on the Example of International Multicenter Clinical Studies (IMCTs)

Introduction. Patient recruitment is one of the main quantitative and qualitative characteristics of a clinical trial. As a quantitative characteristic, the recruitment of patients is, first of all, the final figure necessary to answer the researcher's question; as a qualitative characteristic, the recruitment of patients is a process subject to influence. The recruitment of patients in the center is determined by the rate per month and allows you to gain the statistical power of the protocol, and if the recruitment of patients does not reach the planned capacity, then the capacity may not be gained and this leads to the failure of the clinical trial. Failures in patient recruitment reported in the literature lead to more than 80 % of failed clinical trials of all phases. Patient recruitment as a process is influenced by various factors, and the authors identify recruitment predictors, recruitment facilitators, and barriers to patient recruitment.Aim. To consider the general features and patterns of recruitment of patients in clinical trials on the example of international multicenter clinical trials.Materials and methods. We analyzed the quantitative characteristics of patient recruitment in 4 clinical trials with successful recruitment.Results and discussion. Despite the uniqueness of each protocol, the set of patients has its own patterns common to all clinical studies. It was studied, in particular, that the integrative assessment of the preliminary recruitment of patients by the researcher of the clinical center is not associated with an objective pool of patients and affects the rate of patient recruitment and targeted patient recruitment. We found that the number of clinical centers not recruiting patients in each study is at least 30 % of all centers involved. Three patient recruitment rates have also been identified that need to be considered when planning a clinical trial.Conclusion. We have identified patterns in patient recruitment that will help in planning clinical trials.

Poa sorengiana (Poaceae): a new species from Western Himalaya, India

Poa sorengiana,a new species from Uttarakhand, Western Himalaya is described and illustrated. Morphologically, it is somewhat similar to P. nemoralis and P. orinosa but differs from both with unique combination of main qualitative characteristics.

Интегрированная отчетность как инновационная модель корпоративной отчетности

The study aims to investigate the role of modern approaches to the formation of integrated reporting and to specify the mechanisms of its compilation. The essence of this type of innovative form of self-control is de-scribed, as well as its main elements. The main qualitative characteristics of integrated corporate reporting are specified. Generalized classification of approaches to its preparation is elaborated. For example, general (uni-versal) integrated reporting is singled out as the most significant; reporting in the circular economy paradigm; reporting in the paradigm of sustainable development; reporting on social responsibility; reporting on global openness. Analysis of the activity of Russian corporations regarding usage of integrated reporting in their activi-ties is carried out. Particular features of its preparation in the conditions of digital economy are revealed. It dis-tinguishes and describes the model of interrelation between the blocks of corporation's integrated reporting. The algorithm of its compilation is presented. Recommendations for determining key indicators are formed. The procedure for establishing the sphere of corporate responsibility is defined. Major results of the study are of great interest to those involved in the formation of integrated corporate reporting, as well as for specialists in the theoretical analysis of this subject area.

Osoblyvosti mihratsiinoi polityky Nimechchyny v period druhoi polovyny XX st. — pochatku XXI st.

The migration policy of European countries, built on the interaction of two principles of social development — the principle of humanism and pragmatism — is tested for strength in modern conditions, which forces it to adapt and change. Taking into account the future that awaits Ukraine, the need to build a migration policy aimed, among other things, at the return of its population after the end of hostilities, the analysis of foreign experience in building a national migration policy seems relevant and timely. The article examines the main aspects of Germany’s migration policy from the end of World War II to the present. The processes that took place during the analysed time period allow us to draw a conclusion about a radical change in the migration paradigm of Germany as one of the most successful states of the European Union and as a state endowed with the largest migration load. The main qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Germany’s migration policy have been studied. Special attention is paid to the study of migration legislation. It was concluded that, having made a number of mistakes and miscalculations in the migration policy, the German government was able to take into account the accumulated historical experience, adapting it to modern realities. In order to prevent mistakes that were made in the past regarding migration policy, and to mitigate the existing negativity in society, the Federal Republic of Germany has developed a toolkit aimed, at a minimum, at mitigating the presence of migrants in society, their social adaptation, and at most — at full their integration. Maintaining a balance between the interests of migrants, the interests of the public and the state has been chosen as the most important state task. Special emphasis is placed on integration courses, which include language and familiarization courses for migrants to acquire knowledge of the German language, social and cultural characteristics of the native population of Germany.

The Tradition of Literary Classics and Twentieth Century Cinema: Dickens and Chaplin

The article deals with the dialogue between literature and cinema, namely the phenomenon of mutual reflection of the holistic artistic worlds of Chaplin and Dickens. Significant similarity of the facts of biography, artistic method, problems, the general direction of the evolution, certain images and techniques, the nature of the representation of the author’s origin allow us to view the work of film director as a kind of reincarnation of the writer. The aim of the article — to demonstrate the proximity of the artistic worlds of Dickens and Chaplin in their main qualitative characteristics — in the transformation of Dickensian literary images in Chaplin’s cinematic. This transformation is explored through the example of the pairs of analogues: Oliver Twist (1838) — The Kid (1921), Hard Times (1854) — New Times (1936), Cold House (1852) — Monsieur Verdoux (1947).Both writer and director, who received worldwide fame during his lifetime, in his later works are deeply immersed in the awareness of the causes of world evil, hence the new and in the strategy of communication with the reader, and in the nature of the narrative.In the later novels of Dickens (“Bleak House”, “Hard Times”, “Little Dorrit”, “Great Expectations”) the image of the hero loses its single identity, opening the way to the duplicity as an expression of the deformation of the human personality. The detective element strengthens as a quest to understand the mystery and origins of social evil. Chaplin’s films from the 1940s onwards are marked by an increasingly grim social diagnosis of modernity as the usual contours of good and evil become blurred. The image of the little vagabond is gone from Chaplin’s sound films: The Great Dictator (1940), Monsieur Verdoux (1947), Limelight (1952), The King in New York (1957). While clowning did not disappear, it was relegated to the periphery and ceased to be the principal means of grasping reality.A comparative analysis of the work of the two geniuses leads to the conclusion that their art, humanistic in its orientation, contains an enormous charge of love for people all over the world, beyond national, religious and other boundaries.

On the main parameters of renewal felling in the north-taiga forest region of the European part of the Russian Federation

The article discusses the results of studies in mature and overmature pine, larch and spruce forests of the green moss group of forest types (more than 80), passed through renewal felling in the north-taiga forest region of the European part of the Russian Federation. The results of the research were obtained on the basis of observation materials in the period from 1999-2022. Works were carried out to study the felling parameters to assess the forest plantations passed through the renewal felling: forest type, soil conditions, age, tree stand structure, composition and age, availability of seed sources, presence of undergrowth and young generation of economically valuable species, as well as changes in taxation indicators. It is advisable to carry out renewal cuttings in mature and overmature stands, thereby catching up with natural decay in order to create the necessary conditions for good growth and formation of a forest stand. One of the options may be the creation of forest plantations of such a composition, density, which could provide the best performance in terms of the main quantitative and qualitative characteristics.

Development of a recipe for wheat bread with an increased content of dietary fiber

At present, there is a persistent deficiency of dietary fiber in the diet of the adult population of Russia. A promising source of dietary fiber is the by-products of oilseeds processing. The article proposes a method for enriching wheat bread with dietary fibers by introducing hemp meal, which is formed during the production of protein isolate from hemp cake and contains 57.5±0.4% dietary fiber. The aim of the work was to establish the optimal dosage of meal in the recipe of wheat bread by comparative analysis of organoleptic (appearance, color of the crust and crumb, porosity structure, taste, smell, chewability) and physico-chemical (humidity, acidity, crumb porosity, specific volume of bread) characteristics . The objects of the study were a control sample of bread made from premium wheat flour, as well as model samples of bread with various additions of meal. Standard methods were used to study the main qualitative characteristics of the control and model samples of bread. The optimal dosage of meal was established in the amount of 15% by weight of flour. A sample of bread with the addition of 15% meal was characterized by the compliance of organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters with the requirements of GOST R 58233-2018 “Wheat bread. Specifications". An increase in the content of dietary fiber in the optimal sample by 5.4% was found compared to the control sample. It has been established that eating 100 g of bread per day, obtained according to an optimized recipe, will satisfy the need for dietary fiber in an adult by 31.6-39.5%. The result of the study is an optimized dosage of hemp meal in the wheat bread recipe. This bread can be recommended as a source of dietary fiber.

СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ЭЛЕКТРОСТАНЦИЙ ПО НАБОРУ ИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК

As a result of the analysis of various types of power plants, their disadvantages and advantages were identified in the article, the main quantitative and qualitative characteristics were determined, according to which different types of power plants can be compared. The following are selected as the main quantitative characteristics of power plants: unit cost; installed electric capacity; cost of electricity; utilization factor of installed power plant capacity; service life; efficiency, construction period and the area occupied by the power plant. Qualitative characteristics include: location, financial conditions, time and weather conditions, environmental friendliness, operation of power plants, utilization, carbon footprint. The most common types of power plants are also selected for comparison. The formulation of the problem was carried out and a comprehensive methodology was applied for selecting the best option for power plants based on the totality of its quantitative and qualitative characteristics, including methods of spectral analysis and hierarchy analysis. The combined use of spectral analysis and hierarchy analysis methods when choosing the best option for power plants allows to somewhat reduce subjectivity in decision-making, especially in conditions where a quick assessment of alternative options is required. Based on the methodology, integral quantitative estimates were obtained for each of the power plant options. According to the set of quantitative and qualitative characteristics, a ranked number of power plant options were obtained: nuclear power plants; thermal power plants; hydroelectric power plants; wind power plants; solar power plants. The best is a nuclear power plant. It was established that the greatest influence on the construction of the generalized ranked series of power plants according to the totality of quantitative and qualitative characteristics was exerted by: qualitative characteristics: location and financial conditions; quantitative: unit cost; installed electric capacity; cost of electricity; utilization factor of installed power plant capacity; service life; efficiency of power plants. The complex methodology can be used when making a decision on the choice of a combination of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the best option and other technical systems.

Effect of packaging and storage conditions on some quality traits of bovine meat.

Packaging is considered one of the most interesting technological aspects of food production and is a constantly evolving subject in food production. The type of packaging is important for the quality and safety of the product and for the visual appearance of the product to be immediately evaluated by consumers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of four different types of modified atmosphere packaging (ATM) and vacuum packaging (VP) currently used by a company in central Italy, on the main qualitative characteristics of beef. For these two traditional and two new solutions with reduced environmental impact and compostable were evaluated. For each type of packaging, two different products were analyzed: steaks and hamburgers. The samples, immediately after production, were transported to the laboratory in refrigerated containers. Several parameters (color, pH, water holding capacity, drip loss, and microbiological characteristics) were evaluated at time 0 and after 7 (T7), 14 (T14) and 21 days (T21) of storage in the dark and at refrigeration temperature (+4°C ± 2°C). The results showed that the two types of packaging have very similar effects on the water-retaining capacity of the steaks. More noticeable differences were recorded by the colorimetric analysis: for both steaks and hamburgers, the products packaged in the traditional packaging appeared brighter and redder than those packaged in the new alternatives. The microbiological analysis of the steaks showed higher values in the “new” packaging. The formation of abundant ropy slime was observed in one of the samples in the “new” modified atmosphere package at T21. The results of this study showed that the technological characteristics (in particular, the color) and the microbiological characteristics of the steaks and hamburgers were better in “old” packaging, with a better appearance and a longer shelf life. The results obtained show how the research for eco-sustainable products for packaging must be addressed, taking into account the effect of the materials on the qualitative and hygienic- sanitary characteristics of the meat.

The influence of the buoyancy of artemia cysts and shells on the results of determining its quantity in the volumetric method

Artemia crustacean cysts occupy one of the most significant places among natural aquaculture feeds. For the production and sale of artemia (at the stage of cysts), it is necessary to standardize methods for assessing the quality of the product. One of the main qualitative characteristics of the biomass of artemia cysts is the number of empty shells. The purpose of this work was to study the accuracy of the volumetric method used in the calculation of empty shells in the biomass of cysts. The method is based on the flotation features of the shells and cysts of crustacean Artemia in fresh water (whole cysts sink to the bottom, and the shells float to the surface). The accuracy of the method was verified by direct shell counting. The data obtained showed a significant deviation of the results of the volumetric method from the direct calculation of the shell in most samples of biomass of cysts harvested on three large commercial lakes of Western Siberia. The detected error of the volumetric method is not systemic, since in half of the samples the volumetric method underestimates the mass of the shell in the biomass of cysts by 1.06–4.23 times, and in the other half it overestimates approximately the same ratio. When calculating the mass of the shell in 1000 kg of biomass of cysts, the error can range from 1.28 to 19.38 kg. The main reasons for the distortion of the results when using the volumetric method are that cysts can have positive buoyancy in fresh water, and empty shells in some cases sink to the bottom. The reason for positive buoyancy may be a change in the individual properties of cysts under the influence of various environmental factors. In laboratory studies, in order to determine the qualitative characteristics of the biomass of cysts, it is more appropriate to use the method of direct shell counting.

Cadres Issue in the Post-war Baltic Republics: Characteristics and Solution

The article analyzes the main qualitative characteristics and features of the leadership and specialists’ formation of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia in the period of “late Stalinism.” The main sources for the article were the archival documents of the thematic cases of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of the Bolsheviks and the materials of the “Survey of executives and specialists as of November 1, 1947” - a unique closed census, the results of which were reported only to the top Soviet leadership. The article analyzes the total number of employees in specific industries, the proportion of the workers of the “indigenous” nationality and the number of managers who came to work to the republics after the end of the war. The latter data are of particular importance, since they made it possible to calculate the proportion of workers in certain industries who lived in the republics during the occupation. Special attention is paid to the management system and political campaigns that exerted direct influence on cadres policy. The analysis carried out by the authors showed that the proportion of leaders and specialists of “indigenous nationalities” did not exceed 85 %, and most often was 50-60 %. At the same time, at the level of uyezds and volosts, the proportion of “indigenous” nationalities increased to 95 %, i.e. at the grassroots level, most of the leaders and professionals were local residents, usually non-members, who had spent the war years under the occupation. Probably, this circumstance caused concern of the central authorities and led to a number of political campaigns in the late 1940s - early 1950s. Only after J.V. Stalin’s death did the reform of cadres policy begin; L.P. Beria and N.S. Khrushchev can be considered its authors.

Nonperturbative negative geometries: amplitudes at strong coupling and the amplituhedron

The amplituhedron determines scattering amplitudes in planar mathcal{N} = 4 super Yang-Mills by a single “positive geometry” in the space of kinematic and loop variables. We study a closely related definition of the amplituhedron for the simplest case of four-particle scattering, given as a sum over complementary “negative geometries”, which provides a natural geometric understanding of the exponentiation of infrared (IR) divergences, as well as a new geometric definition of an IR finite observable mathcal{F} (g, z) — dually interpreted as the expectation value of the null polygonal Wilson loop with a single Lagrangian insertion — which is directly determined by these negative geometries. This provides a long-sought direct link between canonical forms for positive (negative) geometries, and a completely IR finite post-loop-integration observable depending on a single kinematical variable z, from which the cusp anomalous dimension Γcusp(g) can also be straightforwardly obtained. We study an especially simple class of negative geometries at all loop orders, associated with a “tree” structure in the negativity conditions, for which the contributions to mathcal{F} (g, z) and Γcusp can easily be determined by an interesting non-linear differential equation immediately following from the combinatorics of negative geometries. This lets us compute these “tree” contributions to mathcal{F} (g, z) and Γcusp for all values of the ‘t Hooft coupling. The result for Γcusp remarkably shares all main qualitative characteristics of the known exact results obtained using integrability.

Enhancing the Rural Landscape Character: The Low Frequency of Inter-Row Wildflower Meadow Harvest Positively Affects Biodiversity While Maintaining Grape Quantitative and Qualitative Traits in a ‘Sultanina’ Vineyard in Greece

The development of inter-row wildflower meadows in vineyards could restore and preserve biodiversity as well as enhance the local rural landscape character. Herein, the prospect of inter-row development of a wildflower meadow from spontaneous vegetation growing within a table grape ‘Sultanina’ vineyard was studied for two years through the effect of different intensities of harvest on the meadow composition, arthropod presence, and grape vine produce. Three harvest treatments (constant, periodic, and none) were examined. The growth (height and area of groundcover) and number of plants per species that composed the inter-row wildflower meadow as well as the insects found within it and on the grape vine plants were recorded. At maturity, the main quantitative (yield/vine) and qualitative characteristics (soluble solids, pH, and total titratable acidity) of the grapes were evaluated. Results showed that both the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the grape vines did not differ between treatments. The inter-row vineyard meadow composition that constituted of 21 herbaceous species did not differ between the periodic- and no-harvest treatments. Insect pests hosted within the meadow did not pose a threat to ‘Sultanina’ grapes, although thrips within the inter-row meadow showed a preference for Convolvulus arvensis. The overall results suggest the application of either a periodic- or no-harvest on the spontaneous vegetation of a Mediterranean ‘Sultanina’ vineyard over two years and constitutes the development of inter-row wildflower meadows from spontaneous vegetations as an appealing and promising sustainable vineyard floor management practice for permanent use that needs to be further researched.