The article is devoted to an important topic of the development of our state, namely, the improvement of the taxation system as the main lever of the effective functioning of the economic security of Ukraine. Special attention in this study is paid to the concept of economic security of the state and its components. The article determined that today it is very important to pay attention to the formation of national security, namely its economic component and effective taxation system. Proper functioning of the taxation system is one of the components for ensuring the economic security of Ukraine. It was determined that the taxation system occupies a leading place in the system of economic security of Ukraine, as it supports not only the public order of the state, but also provides various spheres of public life, the defense of the country, etc. Today, scientists focus on the general conditions of tax administration to ensure the tax security of the state and on defining the essence of the category of tax security. However, the issues of the tax burden and its impact on economic activity and taxpayers' incomes remain unresolved. The role of taxes is decisive for ensuring the vital activity of any state, because they are not only the main source of the revenue part of the budget, but are also included in all links of the financial system. Taxes act as a factor of financial security, as they contribute to such a state of the financial system, which creates conditions for the socio-economic stability of society, the state, regions, enterprises and citizens. In our opinion, in order to ensure the economic security of Ukraine by improving the taxation system, it is necessary to improve the work of all bodies involved in this area.
 As a result of the conducted research, it was determined that in order to effectively ensure economic security in the state, in our opinion, it is necessary to implement those measures and apply ways that will ensure the economic security of the country by improving the taxation system. At the current stage, scientists have developed many approaches to clarify the essence of economic security. All proposed ways of improving the taxation system will be able to ensure the growth of Ukraine's economy.