Main Fac Research Articles

Improving the performance of rolling printing machine by monitoring and analyzing mechatronics systems

The research is directed towards the work of modification and development of the poster printing machines that operate with Inkjet by increasing the speed of theposter printing machine without prejudice to the required print quality, which is the main fac- tor in the market Because the quality of printing is the basis for the customer’s drive andspeedisanimportantfactorfortheprintingorganizationinordertosavetimeand provide the largest quantity of production with the highest quality, and through it. it will return to the printing establishment by several factors, namely: Save time by producing the largest quantity in the least time, Providing manpower for the printing establishment, Providing the additional requirements to save electricity and other factors. The purpose of this analysis effect of pressure inside the ink tanks on increasing the print accuracy (print quality) with the printer head steady. , Also to find what is the permissible critical range for increasing the pressure that will increase the speed of printing with permissible accuracy this phenomenon will be validated by Mathematical Model, Coupling of Nozzle Dynamics and Droplet Formation, prediction by CFD modelling and Influence Of Pressure And Media Speed On Printing Quality. It is possible to increase the production process for banner printing by fixing the ma- chine speed at 5 m/h and increasing the pressure with a maximum of 0.38 bar be- cause after that there was a clear defect in the printing process . Itcansavetimeandincreaseproductionwithoutcompromisingthequalityoftheprint- edproduct. The prediction by CFD modelling was adequately able to predict the formation and development of an ink droplet ejected from the printhead of an inkjet printer. Relationshipbetweenthedifferenteffectofpressureandthevariablespeedoftheprint headandtheirrelationshiptotheprintquality. And we also find that it is possible to reach the maximum degree of printingaccuracy after controlling the pressure and speed of the print head.

Analysis of the main fac tors contributing to the occ urrence of mobbing in the pharmace utical organizations

The results of the sociological study on the occurrence of mobbing in the pharmaceutical companies and the factors that cause it are presented. The foreign experience of the legal regulation for protecting the rights of a worker to maintain his honor and dignity at work has been analyzed. For the purpose of preventive measures in order to avoid mobbing in organizations of the pharmaceutical branch a set of strategic and tactical actions has developed and defined to prevent mobbing manifestations and manage them in a pharmaceutical company.

Optimal stomatal behavior theory for simulating stomatal conductance

Among the most critical processes in simulating terrestrial ecosystem performance is the regulatory role of sto- mata in carbon and water cycles. Compared with field measurements, the changes in stomatal slope caused by the biophysical environment provide a simple but effective synthetic framework for studying climate-related carbon and water cycling, due to its sensitivity to CO2, vapor pressure deficit, and photosynthesis. It is also crucial in un- derstanding the effects of climate change on photosynthesis and water use efficiency. Endeavored by numerous scholastic efforts, stomatal conductance models have been improved based on experimental, semi-experimental, and mechanical processes. However, the underlying biological mechanisms and the dynamics of key parameters in these models remain unexplored, especially regarding the changes in stomatal slope. By improving the under- s tanding of the stomata's regulatory role, we reduced the uncertainty of stomatal conductance simulation. We then synthesized the recent developments and lessons in optimal stomatal behavior theory to simulate stomatal con- ductance and included an introduction to widely used stomatal conductance models and parameters, the main fac- tors influencing stomatal slopes, and applications of the mechanical stomatal conductance models in different ecosystems. Based on our literature review, we proposed that future research is needed on the optimal stomatal

Modeling marine shad distribution using data from French bycatch fishery surveys

In the last few decades, there has been a marked decline in the number of shad (Alosa alosa and A. fallax) landed in France, which prompted the French committee of the Inter- national Union for Conservation of Nature to list shad as a 'Vulnerable' species in 2010. The fresh- water phases of shad life cycles have been extensively studied, but the marine phases remain poorly understood. The present study aimed to provide new insights into shad ecology by describ- ing the marine distributions of twaite and allis shad using a presence/absence model based on bycatch data from commercial fishery surveys. Depth and salinity were identified as the main fac- tors influencing shad distribution. Both species were primarily located in shallow areas, at depths of between 0 and 100 m. As expected for anadromous species, low-salinity areas were preferred. Substrate and latitude played minor roles in the observed distribution of shad. Our results suggest that latitudinal migration between winter and summer habitats does not occur in twaite and allis shad populations. Furthermore, substrate does not appear to be a key factor contributing to shad distribution. A better understanding of the distribution of shad species throughout their life cycles, particularly in the open sea where they are vulnerable to bycatch, would help in the selection of key protected areas for the sustainability of shad populations.

AN EXPERT SYSTEM TO EVALUATE ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY: A LOCAL – SCALE APPROACH TO DESERTIFICATION RISK

Under scenarios of increasing climate aridity and h uman pressure, Ecosystem Sensitivity to Desertification (ESD) is one of the most important targets for sustainable land management. This proce ss is particularly complex in the Mediterranean region since it involves multifaceted, interacting factor s that depend on endogenous conditions and exogenous pressures. Environmental indicators quantifying the ESD level at local scale should reflect the interac tion among biophysical and socioeconomic factors that are (directly or indirect) associated to soil and l and degradation. This paper illustrates a Geographi cal Information System (GIS) investigating the main fac tors determining ESD at land unit scale. This tool incorporates a Decision Support System (DSS) capable to simulate the effect of short-term environmenta l changes on the ESD (hereafter 'DSS-ESI'). The final output of the DSS-ESI is a composite index of land sensitivity to desertification (ESI) calculated sep arately for representative land cover types. The il lustrated system was supplemented by a web-based interface which estimates the overall level of land sensitivity under different climate, population, and policy sce narios. The paper illustrates the main results prod uced by the DSS-ESI in a study site application (Basilic ata, Italy) and comments about its applicability to other Mediterranean areas. Monitoring systems like the on e illustrated here may support local-scale response s to mitigate land degradation in the Mediterranean b asin.

Prostate Cancer: An update on the recent advances in the diagnosis and management with special reference to Saudi Arabia

In recent years, there has been a major change in the presentation of the Cancer of the Prostate gland (CaP) in the industrially developed coun- tries. Currently, in those countries CaP patients present in a new early pre- clinical stage designated only recently in 1992 as stage T1c. The two main fac- tors behind this change are: the advent of Prostatic Specific Antigen (PSA) and the increased prosperity with the associated prolonged longevity. Currently, PSA is recognised as the most sensitive tumor marker widely used for CaP in- itial screening and for tumor monitoring. The other factor yielded to the re- cently noted rise the annual prevalence rates of CaP is that the male population nowadays live to ages at which the incidence of CaP peaks.Over the past two decades, CaP has been the most frequently diagnosed cancer in the American and the second most common in European men. The rates are progressively increasing. But this is not the case for eastern countries so far, especially in Saudi Arabia. On the contrary, this article will show that this cancer is still not frequently diagnosed in Saudi Arabia, a great opportunity for us to study its nat- ural history and plan for preventive measures. Stage T1c of the prostate is a pre-clinical biopsy diagnosed cancer based upon PSA-screening. The only part of Saudi Arabia where patients commonly present in this stage is the in- dustrially advanced ARAMCO community. In that community only, not in the whole Eastern province, dwelling elderly men are regularly screened annually by PSA testing for prostate cancer. Most of the CaP patients in the rest of Sau- di Arabia present at the other later stages of the disease.

Depositional Facies Mosaics and Their Time Lines in Lower Ordovician Carbonates of Central Appalachians: ABSTRACT

A comparative sedimentology and facies stratigraphy study of the Lower Ordovician carbonate of the central Appalachians (Beekmantown Group and equivalents) has been carried out. Our approach used subfacies (rock record of subenvironments) as the basic units of section measurement. We differentiated related sets of subfacies into larger facies units (rock record of environments). Facies were then correlated from section to section using fossils and lithostratigraphy to make a 3-dimensional facies mosaic. Within this mosaic, time lines were constructed using onlap-offlap tongues and cyclic sequences. These time lines cut across facies boundaries. Using this approach, we have established that the lower 600 m of the Lower Ordovician carbonate sequence is made up of 4 main fac es: (1) cyclic laminite facies composed of a package of shoaling-upward shelf lagoon-peritidal cycles, (2) thin-bedded grainstone facies deposited in a shelf lagoon, (3) Renalcis bioherm facies recording a shelf lagoon patch-reef environment, and (4) Epiphyton bioherm facies recording a shelf-edge reef system. The distribution of these facies along time lines across the strike of the central Appalachian is markedly zoned. Epiphyton bioherm facies dominate the eastern margin while cyclic laminite facies dominate the western margin, with thin-bedded grainstone and Renalcis bioherm facies making up the central belt. This zonation of facies is a typical shallow carbonate shelf system with fringing reefs along the eastern, seaward margin and tidal flats along the western, landward margin. Ver ical distribution of these facies across strike records 3 major sea level changes during deposition of the lower 600 m of this extensive Lower Ordovician carbonate shelf. End_of_Article - Last_Page 292------------

A Critical Study of Wool Carbonizing 1

A critical study was made of the sulfuric acid carbonizing process. Three main fac tors governed the strength loss of the wool: (1) the acid content of the wool as it en tered the dryer; (2) the moisture content of the acid-containing wool as it entered the dryer; and (3) the temperature of the air used in drying the extracted, acid-containing wool prior to baking. Increase in any one of these factors beyond a certain level, while the others were maintained constant, caused a loss in tensile strength of the wool ; these three factors were all interrelated in their effects on the strength of the wool. Studies are presented which indicate the critical limits for each factor in raw wool carbonizing. Conditions were found which cumpletely charred the burrs in the wool without causing any measurable strength loss. The rates of absorption of acid by the wool and by the burrs were found to be very different. This was used to advantage in depositing the amount of acid on the burr contaminants required for satisfactory carbonization, while applying a minimum amount of acid in the wool. Wetting agents in the acid hath also had beneficial effects. Practical implications of the data for commercial processing are discussed.