Main Cause Of Fatigue Research Articles

The Analysis of Work Fatigue and Proposed Improvement Using the Bourdon Wiersma Method and New Seven Tools

Background Employees of Public Relations work for 8 hours starting at 08.00-16.00, so it can lead to the work fatigue. Work fatigue is the condition of decreased efficiency and resilience of a person at work. Work fatigue can be caused by internal factors and external factors.The research that will be carried out is to analyze work fatigue and proposed improvements using the Bourdon Wiersma method and the New Seven Tools. Methods The method used to solve the problem is the Bourdon Wiersma method and New Seven Tools, using the Bourdon Wiersma Type Test GBT questionnaire. The respondents were 8 employees of the Public Relations division who work using computers. The aim of this research is to determine the level of speed, level of accuracy and level of consistency before and after activities, and work fatigue. Data analysis using several tools from New Seventools, namely Relationship Diagrams and Tree Diagrams. Results Based on research, the average fatigue score for speed before work was found that the average time speed for before work is 9.69 seconds with the value of speed interpretation (value 9, and WS = 14) including group B (Good), for after work was 10.05 seconds with a speed interpretation value (8.5, and WS = 13) including the CB class (Good Enough). The average accuracy for before work is 22.4 seconds with an interpretation accuracy value (value 5, and WS = -) including group R (Doubtful), for after work was 23 with an interpretation accuracy value (value 4.5, and WS = 7) included to group K (less). The average constant for before work was 11.58 with a constant interpretation value (value 5, and WS = -) including group R (Doubtful), for after work was 7.59 seconds with a constant interpretation value (value 5.5, and WS = 8) belongs to group R (Doubtful). Based on the Anova Test, the correlation value on the velocity variable was 0.937 with a very strong correlation level. The correlation value on the accuracy variable was 0.666 with a strong correlation level. The correlation value of the constant variable was 0.797 with a strong correlation level. Conclusions The main cause of fatigue in Public Relations employees is workload. The main cause of burnout in Public Relations employees is workload. The proposed improvement uses a Tree Diagram to reduce fatigue in Public Relations employees.

Fatigue in Alzheimer's disease: biological basis and clinical management-a narrative review.

Fatigue is a common symptom in neurodegenerative diseases and is associated with decreased cognitive performances. A full knowledge of the causes and physiopathological pathways leading to fatigue in Alzheimer's disease could help treating this symptom and obtain positive effects on cognitive functions. To provide an overview of the clinical conditions and the biological mechanisms leading to fatigue in Alzheimer's disease patients. To review the recent advances on fatigue management and describe the landscape of future possibilities. We performed a narrative review including all type of studies (e.g. cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis, reviews, clinical trials). We found very few studies considering the symptom fatigue in Alzheimer's disease patients. Populations, designs, and objectives varied across studies rendering comparability across studies difficult to perform. Results from cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis suggest that the amyloid cascade may be involved in the pathogenesis of fatigue and that fatigue may be a prodromal manifestation of Alzheimer's disease. Fatigue and neurodegeneration of Alzheimer's disease could share common brain signatures (i.e. hippocampal atrophy and periventricular leukoaraiosis). Some mechanisms of aging (i.e. inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, telomere shortening) may be proposed to play a common underlying role in Alzheimer's disease neurodegeneration and muscle fatigability. Considering treatments, donepezil has been found to reduce cognitive fatigue in a 6-week randomized controlled study. Fatigue is frequently reported as an adverse event in patients treated by anti-amyloid agents in clinical trials. The literature is actually inconclusive about the main causes of fatigue in Alzheimer's disease individuals and its potential treatments. Further research is needed to disentangle the role of several components such as comorbidities, depressive symptoms, iatrogenic factors, physical decline and neurodegeneration itself. Given the clinical relevance of this symptom, it seems to be important to systematically assess fatigue by validated tools in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials.

Vehicle Accident Prevention System by Detecting Drowsy Driver Using Matlab

Abstract: Life is a previous gift. Every year thousands of people lose their lives in accidents. Human factors such as drowsiness play a key role. A survey detail shows that 43.9% people lost their lives in accidents and out of it 35.7% accidents are due to drowsiness or fatigue of the driver. Up to 70% of such accidents result in death or serious injury. The main cause of fatigue is sleeplessness or insomnia. The major reason for fatigue is due to long journey for many hours, sleeplessness, restlessness, stress and many other factors. Hence the main goal of this project is to detect the drowsiness of the driver and alert if he/she is drowsy. The image of the driver is acquired and then face is detected from image and then eyeball movement of the driver is observed using Viola Jones algorithm.

Automatic drowsiness detection for safety-critical operations using ensemble models and EEG signals

Recently, industrial sectors that stage occupational and environment safety critical tasks, such as the oil and gas industry, have been interested in monitoring biological parameters to prevent human errors and enhance process safety with emergency preparedness and response. In this context, human reliability plays a fundamental role to avoid possible catastrophic accidents triggered by human factor, for example workers’ fatigue. Drowsiness, as a main causes of fatigue, maybe recognized through patterns in electroencephalogram (EEG) signal. In this paper, we propose a drowsiness recognition system that combines information from different EEG signal channels and machine learning in an ensemble methodology, novel for this context. We consider two ensemble approaches: the bagging, using five and three channels, and the voting, using a single channel. To validate the proposed system, DROZY, a real and public database containing drowsiness data, was used in three cases: (1) evaluated in all available subjects; (2) evaluated in specific subjects with general model; and (3) evaluated for specific subjects and dedicated models. The results show that our proposed system has high accuracy above 90%, in most subjects for Case 3. While for Cases 1 and 2, the ensemble model is equivalent to the best results of the classifiers from the single-channels. Furthermore, collecting many channels of EEG signals is often expensive and cumbersome for humans, and the schemes using many channels of EEG signals do not necessarily lead to better performances.

Increased liver glycogen levels enhance exercise capacity in mice

Muscle glycogen depletion has been proposed as one of the main causes of fatigue during exercise. However, few studies have addressed the contribution of liver glycogen to exercise performance. Using a low-intensity running protocol, here, we analyzed exercise capacity in mice overexpressing protein targeting to glycogen (PTG) specifically in the liver (PTGOE mice), which show a high concentration of glycogen in this organ. PTGOE mice showed improved exercise capacity, as determined by the distance covered and time ran in an extenuating endurance exercise, compared with control mice. Moreover, fasting decreased exercise capacity in control mice but not in PTGOE mice. After exercise, liver glycogen stores were totally depleted in control mice, but PTGOE mice maintained significant glycogen levels even in fasting conditions. In addition, PTGOE mice displayed an increased hepatic energy state after exercise compared with control mice. Exercise caused a reduction in the blood glucose concentration in control mice that was less pronounced in PTGOE mice. No changes were found in the levels of blood lactate, plasma free fatty acids, or β-hydroxybutyrate. Plasma glucagon was elevated after exercise in control mice, but not in PTGOE mice. Exercise-induced changes in skeletal muscle were similar in both genotypes. These results identify hepatic glycogen as a key regulator of endurance capacity in mice, an effect that may be exerted through the maintenance of blood glucose levels.

Experimental Investigation of a 10 MW Prototype Axial Turbine Runner: Vortex Rope Formation and Mitigation

AbstractThe transient load fluctuations on the runner blades of prototype hydraulic turbines during load variations are one of the main causes of fatigue and eventual structural failure. A clear understanding of the dynamic loads on the runner blades is required to detect the source of the fluctuations. In this paper, an experimental investigation of vortex rope formation and mitigation in a prototype Kaplan turbine, namely, Porjus U9, is carried out. Synchronized unsteady pressure and strain measurements were performed on a runner blade during steady-state and load variation under off-cam condition. The normalized pressure fluctuation during load variations remained approximately within ±0.2Pref for all the pressure transducers installed on the blade pressure side and is even slightly lower during the transient cycle. Higher pressure fluctuations were found on the blade suction side, approximately four times higher than that of on the pressure side. The synchronous and asynchronous components of the vortex rope were clearly observed at the low discharge operating point and transient cycles. The spectral analysis of the pressure signals showed that the synchronous component appears before the asynchronous component during the load reduction, and it lasts longer during the load increase. These frequencies slightly change during the load variation. In addition, the results proved that the strain fluctuation component on the runner blade arises from the synchronous component of the vortex rope at low discharge while the asynchronous component influence is negligible.

A qualitative research on fatigue cognition and coping experience in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective To investigate the cognition and coping experience of fatigue in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), so as to provide basis and research basis for the preparation of fatigue intervention measures for elderly patients with COPD. Methods Qualitative research interview was used to conduct face-to-face and in-depth communication with 12 elderly patients with COPD under the guidance of pre-prepared interview outline. The 7-step Colaizzi analysis method was used to analyze the transcript of the interview and extract the theme and representative statements. Results Fatigue cognition could be summarized into five themes:fatigue symptoms were often accompanied by drowsiness, fatigue, anxiety, poor sleep, memory loss and other symptoms; there was no definite time point for the appearance of fatigue symptoms; breathing difficulties, limited activities, mental and psychological disorders and deficient social support were the main causes of fatigue; family accidents, seasonal variation, the occurrence of complications and relapses of the malady were the aggravating factors of fatigue symptoms; fatigue affects the patient′s ability to move, social circle and life motivation. Coping experiences could be summarized into three themes: strengthen self-management and ask for help; take the initiative to learn and improve the level of self-care; emotional disorder, negative response. Conclusions There are obvious fatigue symptoms in elderly patients with COPD. Affected by many factors, such as disease factors, self-perceived burden level, family support and social support level, most patients have insufficient fatigue cognition and lack of coping ability. Medical staff should fully understand the fatigue cognition and coping experience of such patients and implement effective intervention programs to improve the coping ability of patients. Key words: Aged; Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive; Fatigue cognition; Coping experience; Qualitative research

Failure analysis in a steam turbine stop valve of a thermal power plant

In the current study, the problem of cracking on the stop valve body in a steam turbine related to a thermal power plant is assessed. The problem usually occurs consecutively and almost in identical locations for the power plant's stop valves. To do so, the steam flow path from the developed area at the boiler output to the turbine input is divided into three separate computational domains and numerically simulated. The obtained results of the simulation have been successfully verified using the actual data of the thermal power plant. The common factors affecting the formation of crack consist of contacting shell with cooled steam, expansion and contraction movement of a turbine, insufficient insulation, stop valve spring force, internal pressure, and fluid flow momentum are assessed. The von Mises stresses caused by each factor have been determined. It has been attempted to identify the main cause of cracking by comparing the obtained stress concentration points with the real coordinates of the crack. The results of the simulation revealed that the expansion and contraction movements of the turbine were the main cause of fatigue and crack in the stop valve body. Given the key role of the stop valve in generating power of turbines, the findings of this simulation can help to design sensitive equipment more accurately.

Psychological problems as the major cause of fatigue in clients undergoing hemodialysis: A qualitative study

BackgroundIt is obvious that hemodialysis is a stressful process, leading to numerous social and psychological problems, and may cause fatigue and helplessness. ObjectiveThis study aimed to explain the experiences of hemodialysis clients regarding the effect of psychological problems on fatigue. MethodsThis article was extracted from a qualitative study conducted on clients undergoing hemodialysis in Khorramabad. To this end, a total of 15 participants were purposefully selected using the snowball sampling method and the required data was collected using individual, face to face, detailed and semi-structured interviews. There were 12 client interviewees and one doctor, one nurse and one hemodialysis client's spouse. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. ResultsContinuous analysis of data and documents obtained from the interviews on the hemodialysis clients' experiences and comments regarding the main causes of fatigue revealed two main categories: 1) Psychological effects with subcategories of psychological stress and exhaustion; 2) Needs and constraints with subcategories of individual and social needs and constraints. ConclusionAccording to the clients' speech and expression analysis, psychological impacts and disease-induced needs and constraints were the most important cause of fatigue and its continuation among these clients.

Role of β-Alanine Supplementation on Muscle Carnosine and Exercise Performance

In this narrative review, we present and discuss the current knowledge available on carnosine and beta-alanine metabolism as well as the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on exercise performance. Intramuscular acidosis has been attributed to be one of the main causes of fatigue during intense exercise. Carnosine has been shown to play a significant role in muscle pH regulation. Carnosine is synthesized in skeletal muscle from the amino acids l-histidine and beta-alanine. The rate-limiting factor of carnosine synthesis is beta-alanine availability. Supplementation with beta-alanine has been shown to increase muscle carnosine content and therefore total muscle buffer capacity, with the potential to elicit improvements in physical performance during high-intensity exercise. Studies on beta-alanine supplementation and exercise performance have demonstrated improvements in performance during multiple bouts of high-intensity exercise and in single bouts of exercise lasting more than 60 s. Similarly, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to delay the onset of neuromuscular fatigue. Although beta-alanine does not improve maximal strength or VO2max, some aspects of endurance performance, such as anaerobic threshold and time to exhaustion, can be enhanced. Symptoms of paresthesia may be observed if a single dose higher than 800 mg is ingested. The symptoms, however, are transient and related to the increase in plasma concentration. They can be prevented by using controlled release capsules and smaller dosing strategies. No important side effect was related to the use of this amino acid so far. In conclusion, beta-alanine supplementation seems to be a safe nutritional strategy capable of improving high-intensity anaerobic performance.

Experiences of Fatigue and Self-management of Thai Buddhist Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiation Therapy

The purpose of this study was to describe (a) the subjective feelings of fatigue of Thai Buddhist cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy (RT) and identify possible gender differences, (b) their beliefs about the main cause of fatigue, and (c) their ways of self-management for relief of fatigue. One hundred thirty-three voluntary and randomly selected patients, 55 men and 78 women, completed a questionnaire with a Thai version of the Revised Piper Fatigue Scale. After 1 week of treatment, the largest group (42.1%) of the patients had felt fatigue during the last few hours (from 1 to 5 hours). The patients perceived a mild level of fatigue, but the sensory/cognitive fatigue scores were high. Five categories of beliefs about the main cause of fatigue emerged: (a) receiving RT; (b) feelings of anxiety, depression, and fright/fear; (c) cancer; (d) long travel to hospital and long waiting time for RT; and (e) difficulty with sleep and weak body. For relief of fatigue, 5 categories of self-management emerged: (1) getting moral support from family and friends; (2) practicing religion, reciting prayers, doing merit, and meditating; (3) practicing self-care for symptomatic problems; (4) accepting the situation and doing the best of one's life; and (5) consulting with doctor and nurse. In conclusion, healthcare providers need to be concerned about RT patients' symptoms of fatigue, beliefs about causes of fatigue, and ways of self-management for relief of fatigue. They also need understanding of cultural and religious beliefs to plan holistic care.

Point:Counterpoint: Lactic acid accumulation is an advantage/disadvantage during muscle activity

Point:Counterpoint: Lactic acid accumulation is an advantage/disadvantage during muscle activity

A STUDY OF ABNORMAL ELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF LEAD LANTHANUM TITANATE THIN FILMS CAUSED BY EXCESS PbO

Lead lanthanum titanate(PLT) thin films with excess PbO were prepared by metal organic decomposition (MOD) process.The C-V characteristics and ferroelectric properties of the PLT films were investigated as functions of amount of excess PbO.The normal P-E hysteresis loops and butterfly shape C-V curves were obtained for the PLT films with stoichiometric composition.While abnormal ferroelectric and C-V properties were observed in the PLT films with excess PbO.The P-E hysteresis loops were pinched before the polarization of the films reached the saturation.Instead of two peaks (butterfly-shape) in the normal C-V curves,the C-V curves had four peaks. The abnormal behavior of the hysteresis loops and C-V curves became more serious with increasing amount of excess PbO in the films.The results can be explained by the ferroelectric pinning effect.A part of excess PbO may be accumulated at boundaries of crystalline grains and clusters and the interface between the bottom electrode and the film during the annealing process of the films.PbO may act as the pinning centers and has a strong effect on the ferroelectric domains.If the biased voltage is not large enough,then part of the electric domains cannot overcome the force of the pinning,and abnormal ferroelectric and C-V properties will be observed.Excess PbO may be one of the main causes of fatigue and aging of ferroelectric thin films.

Energy utilization and repletion during endurance exercise: an historical perspective

Some of the first studies of the effects of diet on exercise performance were reported in the late 1920s. These studies established that eating a high carbohydrate diet before, and ingesting glucose during prolonged exercise delayed the onset of fatigue and enhanced performance, in part by preventing the development of hypoglycaemia.The next significant advance came with the introduction of the muscle biopsy needle which allowed muscle carbohydrate (glycogen) content to be measured for the first time. This technique focused attention on the role of muscle glycogen as possibly the more important factor explaining fatigue during prolonged exercise. Subsequent research inevitably focused on the identification of techniques that would either increase muscle glycogen storage before exercise or decrease the rate of muscle glycogen utilization during subsequent exercise, or both.Coincidentally, studies of fluid balance and of the control of gastric emptying during exercise suggested (a) that dehydration posed a serious health risk especially to marathon runners and (b) that dehydration could only be prevented during prolonged exercise if water alone was ingested. Thus the ‘state of the art’ knowledge in 1970 was that a high carbohydrate diet should be eaten before competition; that muscle glycogen depletion was the main cause of fatigue during prolonged exercise; and that water alone should be ingested in large volumes during exercise. The value of carbohydrate ingestion during exercise was systematically ignored despite the evidence from the classical studies of the 1920s.Fortunately commercial interests came to the rescue of exercise physiology in the mid‐1980s. Whereas water is without commercial value, carbohydrate added to the water and ingested by millions of athletes throughout the world has attractive commercial potential. Thus research funded and orchestrated largely by the commercial sector has established that adequate fluid delivery can be provided from drinks containing carbohydrate and that the ingestion of carbohydrate during prolonged exercise can prevent the onset of premature fatigue caused by liver glycogen depletion, hypoglycaemia and a low rate of carbohydrate oxidation.Thus the ‘state of the art’ knowledge in 1990 is that there is no proven value of ingesting water alone during prolonged exercise: that liver glycogen depletion is an important and preventable cause of fatigue during prolonged exercise: and that although muscle glycogen depletion is an important contributor, the real biochemical explanation for fatigue during prolonged exercise is still not clearly established. Nevertheless, there is clear evidence that the provision of exogenous carbohydrate at high rates is essential to delay fatigue and optimize performance during prolonged exercise. It has also become apparent that high rates of both carbohydrate and fluid delivery can be achieved by the adoption of appropriate drinking techniques during exercise.

Is the change in intracellular pH during fatigue large enough to be the main cause of fatigue?

The intracellular pH of frog sartorius muscles exposed to an extracellular pH 8.0 (25 mM HCO3-, 1% CO2) was 6.9-7.1. Following a fatiguing stimulation period (one tetanic contraction per second for 3 min), the intracellular pH was 6.5-6.7. When similar experiments were repeated with frog sartorius muscles exposed to pH 6.4 (2mM HCO3-, 1% CO2), the intracellular pH was 6.8-6.9 at rest and 6.3-6.4 following fatigue. So, in both experiments the intracellular pH decreased by 0.4-0.5 pH unit during fatigue. When the CO2 concentration of the bathing solution was increased from 1 to 30%, the intracellular pH of resting muscles decreased from 7.0 to 6.2-6.3. Although the effect of CO2 on the intracellular pH was greater than the fatigue effect, the decrease in tetanic force with CO2 was less than 40%, while during fatigue the tetanic force decreased by at least 70%. Therefore in frog sartorius muscle the decrease in tetanic force during fatigue exceeds the decrease that is expected from just a change in intracellular pH.