Main Cause Of Maternal Death Research Articles

Maternal Mortality in the Governorate of Tunis between 2017 and 2023: evolution of Maternal Mortality Ratio and the main causes of death

Background Maternal mortality is the main indicator of maternal health worldwide. The aims of your study were to determine the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) in the governorate of Tunis and to identify the main causes of maternal death. Methods We included all maternal deaths between January 2017 and December 2023, reported to the Tunis Regional Health Directorate. The data collected included the MMR per 100000 live birth, sociodemographic characteristics, causes of death, circumstances of death, autopsy findings, and preventability. Results Sixty one maternal deaths were recorded. The average of MMR was 46, 88 per 100000 live births. Two peaks in the MMR were noted in 2017 and 2020. The average age of the patients was 34, 1 years (±5.1). We noted that 43, 75 % of the patients were not residents of the governorate of Tunis. The postpartum period was the most critical. In fact, 83, 33 % of maternal deaths occurred postpartum. Hemorrhage was the main etiology in 20.8% of cases. The second cause was COVID- 19complicationsin 16, 6% of cases. Conclusion This study of maternal mortality in Tunis opens the debate on the effectiveness of maternal health policies in Tunisia and the areas for improvement.

EFEKTIVITAS PRENATAL YOGA DALAM MENGURANGI ANGKA KEJADIAN PRE EKLAMPSIA DI PMB TATI KUSMIRAN,S.Tr.KEB.,BD BEKASI TAHUN 2023

The three main causes of maternal death include bleeding (30%), hypertension in pregnancy or preeclampsia (25%), and infection (12%). Preeclampsia or eclampsia is the second most common cause of maternal death after bleeding. Exercise during pregnancy can increase stamina, make you sleep better, improve your mood, and reduce anxiety. Of this writing is to determine the effectiveness of prenatal yoga in reducing the incidence of pre-eclampsia in PMB Tati Kusmiran, S.Tr.Keb., BD Bekasi in 2023. This research design uses a true-experimental research design which is a Posttest-only control design, namely an experimental design using a sample to measure the frequency of the effectiveness of prenatal yoga in reducing the incidence of pre-eclampsia in PMB Tati Kusmiran, S.Tr.Keb., BD Bekasi, Identifying the effectiveness of prenatal yoga on the incidence of pre-eclampsia in pregnant women by carrying out interventions. There were differences between groups experiencing pre-eclampsia in the BP category <140/90 with a frequency of 69.2% and those who did not comply with the SOP had a frequency of 30.8%. 35.3% of those who experienced pre-eclampsia in the BP>160/110 category did prenatal yoga according to the SOP and 64.7% of those who did not according to the SOP. There is a difference in the mean scores for the two groups with a score difference of 0.47. Based on the results of the paired test, the value p = obtained p = 0.000 < 0.01, so H0 is rejected, meaning that statistically it shows that there is a difference in pre-eclampsia in pregnant women who do yoga according to the SOP and those who do yoga not according to the SOP. Based on the results of the paired test, the p= value was obtained, the p=0.000 <0.01 was obtained, so H0 was rejected, meaning that statistically it shows that there is a difference in pre-eclampsia in pregnant women who do yoga according to the SOP and those who do yoga not according to the SOP. The results of the normality test using the Shapiro Wilk test obtained a sig value. 0.000, which means that if the α value <0.05, it means Ho is rejected and it can be concluded that there is the effectiveness of prenatal yoga in reducing the incidence of pre-eclampsia in PMB Tati Kusmiran, S.Tr.Keb., BD Bekasi

“Sosis Poska” (Sosialisasi Skor Poedji Rochjati Bersama Kader) Di Desa Pandansari Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kintap

Reducing MMR and AKB is a priority for health development as stated in Presidential Regulation Number 18 of 2020 concerning the 2020-2024 National Medium-Term Development Plan. The main causes of maternal death are hypertension in pregnancy and postpartum hemorrhage. This cause can be minimized if the quality of Antenatal Care is carried out properly. Some conditions that can cause the condition of pregnant women are not healthy. High-risk pregnancy is a pregnancy condition that can threaten the health and safety of the mother and fetus. This condition can be caused by complications during pregnancy, but it can also be caused by a medical condition that the mother has had since before pregnancy. The Poedji Rochjati scorecard (KSPR) is a scorecard used as a family-based antenatal screening tool to find risk factors for pregnancy. The challenges faced by cadres in carrying out health development activities are generally caused by the lack of education level and lack of training provided to them regarding their duties as Posyandu cadres. The purpose of the activity "SOSIS POSKA (Socialization of Poedji Rochjati Scores with Cadres) is expected that pregnant women with high risk can be detected as early as possible so that action planning can be carried out and can reduce maternal and infant mortality (AKB). This activity will be carried out in January 2024, carried out in two places, namely the Pandansari village Polindes and at the cadres' house, in the Kintap Health Center Working Area, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan. Pandansari Village was chosen to be given the innovation of the POSKA SOSIS program because it is a village with 89 pregnant women and most of them have a high risk (pregnant women >35 years, hypertension, pregnant women with comorbidities). The participants of this activity were cadres totaling 15 people. The activities carried out were Socialization about Poedji Rohjati Score, Simulation of Poudji Rochjati Score implementation, Evaluation, and question and answer. In this activity participants gave a fairly good response and discussed with each other, what things can help so that the objectives of this program are understood and can be implemented properly and correctly.

The Association of Age, Parity, and History of Cesarean Section with the Occurrence of Placenta Accreta Spectrum (Pas) at H. Adam Malik Hospital in Medan 2020-2022

Background: Maternal mortality rate (MMR) is an indicator of the quality of midwifery services in a country. Postpartum hemorrhage is a serious life-threatening complication and the main cause of maternal death especially that caused by placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). This study aims to determine the relationship between age, parity, and history of cesarean section on the incidence of PAS at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2020-2022.Method: This study was an analytic-observational study with a cross-sectional design. The data used came from the medical records, including information about the population of mothers who gave birth, maternal age at delivery, parity, and previous history of cesarean section. Statistical analysis used univariate and bivariate chi-square tests.Result: The study subjects were 84 people selected by simple random sampling method. The results of the univariate analysis showed the highest frequency of age >32 years, parity 3-4 times, and a history of cesarean section ≥ 2. The results of bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between age and the incidence of PAS (p=0.016), parity and the incidence of PAS (p<0.001), and a history of cesarean section and the incidence of PAS (p=0.004).Conclusion: There is a relationship between age, parity, and history of cesarean section with the incidence of PAS at H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2020-2022.

Maternal mortality review in a major tertiary referral hospital in Liberia, 2018–2021

ObjectivesAnecdotal evidence showed increased maternal deaths at the major tertiary hospital over the past two years (2020–2021). We reviewed the maternal death audit data, identified the main causes of maternal death, and associated risk factors. Findings were shared with policymakers to help reduce maternal mortality. Study designWe conducted a secondary data review and descriptive analysis of maternal death at the tertiary hospital located in Monrovia. MethodThe maternal death data were extracted from patient medical records, including death certificates and maternal audit records. The record of live births was obtained from the delivery register. Data were analyzed using Epi Info version 7.2 Maternal mortality ratio (MMR) was estimated, the leading direct and indirect causes of maternal death were identified, and the factors associated with maternal death were explored using logistic regression at a 5% level of significance. ResultsThere are a total of 233 maternal deaths and 14, 879 live births giving a maternal mortality ratio (MMR) of 1565 per 100,000 live births during the period under review. The median age of the mothers at death was 29 (14–45) years. About 40.3% (94/233) of cases died within <1 day of admission, referrals accounted for 59% (137/233) of the cases. Direct causes of death accounted for 66% (147/223). Hemorrhage [30.6% (45/147)], Eclampsia [(30/147) 20.6%] and Sepsis [(30/147) 20.6%] were the main direct causes of death while cardiovascular-related [18.4% (14/76)] and HIV/AIDS [16% (12/76)] were the leading indirect cause of death. Patients from referred other facilities were 7.9 times more likely to die as compared to non-referral (pOR:7.9, 95%CI: 5.9–10.6, p < 0.001). ConclusionThe maternal mortality ratio remained high. Referrals were done late. The Liberia Ministry of Health should equip more secondary-level health facilities and tertiary hospitals to handle maternal emergencies and sensitize the populace and healthcare workers on prompt identification and referral of obstetric emergencies. The MoH also needs to improve the blood transfusion services to help in the management of postpartum hemorrhage.

Epidural anesthesia in a patient with placenta accreta for intra-aortic ballooning and cesarean section

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the main causes of maternal death besides cardiovascular disease. Among the causes of PPH is placenta accreta. Hysterectomy is usually performed in placenta accreta to save the mother's life. However, hysterectomy has a direct impact on fertility so that a new strategy was developed, namely the use of prophylaxis Intra-abdominal Aortic Balloon Occlusion (IABO). Anesthetic management plays an important role in ensuring the safety of placenta accreta patients.&#x0D; We present a case of a 34-year-old woman G3P1A1 38+3 weeks with a history of antepartum hemorrhage, complete placenta previa with moderate risk morbidly adherent placenta (MAP), oblique breech position, oligohydramnios, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and previous cesarean section (CS) 4 y ago. She was ASA-II and planned cystoscopy and ureteral catheter insertion by a urologist. The aortic ballooning angioplasty was done through inguinal area by a cardiothoracic surgeon. Followed by CS for 120 minutes, and duration of arterial blockade that can be maintained for 20 min during CS. The operation was performed using epidural anesthesia. Induction with an initial epidural dose was carried out using levobupivacaine 0.5% 15 ml in 5 ml increments every 5 min.&#x0D; Placenta accreta can cause massive bleeding, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and damage to the liver and kidneys. Massive bleeding caused by placenta accreta significantly increases maternal morbidity and mortality. The latest technology called Intra-abdominal Aortic Balloon Occlusion (IABO) is an option to reduce bleeding and the need for transfusions during and after surgery. Epidural anesthesia is considered a favorable anesthetic option for these patients, as it can also be used as a good postoperative analgesia.&#x0D; Key words: Placenta Accreta; Intra-abdominal Aortic Balloon Occlusion; Epidural anesthesia&#x0D; Citation: Supraptomo RTH. Epidural anesthesia in a patient with placenta accreta for intra-aortic ballooning and cesarean section. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2023;27(6):768−771; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v27i6.2144&#x0D; Received: January 27, 2023; Revised: March 05, 2023; Accepted: October 26, 2023

Experience of mothers with a history of preeclampsia in pregnancy

Pre-eclampsia is a disease that can occur in pregnancy, and is one of the causes of death in large numbers in childbirth. One indicator of a country's health status is the low maternal mortality rate, where preeclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal death. Objective this Scoping Review is to review and map research on mother's life experience with a history of preeclampsia in pregnancy. Scoping Review it uses framework PRISMA-ScR with search of articles through relevant databases Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Willey then do Critical Appraisal use The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Based on the search results of the selected 921 articles, there were 10 articles that met the inclusion criteria, and then the review process was continued to identify keywords that resulted in 3 themes, namely Mother's Experience with a history of preeclampsia in pregnancy Impacts related to preeclampsia in pregnant women and Outlook Society believes that preeclampsia is a disorder of evil spirits. History of preeclampsia in pregnancy still really need attention from families and health workers, especially from the aspect of vigilance for the symptoms that are felt and the importance of information about preeclampsia in pregnancy.

Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Nifas dalam Melakukan Perawatan Luka Pereneum di Praktek Mandiri Bidan Leli Kecamatan Datuk Tanah Datar Kabupaten Batu Bara Tahun 2022

BACKGROUND Postpartum infections still play a role as the main cause of maternal death, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. This problem occurs as a result of midwifery services which are still far from perfect. Other factors causing postpartum infections include poor immune system, poor postpartum care, malnutrition/ malnutrition, anemia, poor hygiene, and fatigue. As a result of improper care of the perineum, it can result in the condition of the perineum being affected by locchea and moisture which will really support the growth of bacteria which can cause infections in the perineum. Infection not only hinders the wound healing process but can also cause damage to the supporting cell tissue, thereby increasing the size of the wound itself, both in length and depth. The causes of maternal death in Indonesia are still dominated by bleeding (32%) and hypertension in pregnancy (20%), followed by infection (5%), prolonged labor (10%), and abortion (5%) apart from obstetric causes, maternal death is also caused by other causes (non-obstetric) amounting to 35% (Indonesian Health Profile, 2019).OBJECTIVE: Knowing the relationship between knowledge and attitudes of postpartum mothers in caring for perenium wounds in the independent practice of Leli midwives, Datuk Tanah Datar sub-district, Batu Bara Regency in 2022. METHOD chi square test p value &lt; 0.05 means H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, the statistical test results show a significant relationship. RESULTS: knowledge of postpartum mothers and attitudes of postpartum mothers in caring for perennial wounds in the independent practice of Leli midwives, Datuk Tanah Datar subdistrict, Batubara district in 2022. Suggestions are given for research and for research sites and for educational institutions regarding perennial wound care. Suggestions are given for research and for research sites and for educational institutions regarding Bounding Attachment.

Relationship between Parity Status and The Incidence of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women

Preeclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal death. In 2022, there will be 31 cases of preeclampsia in the Tarokan Community Health Center service area. Preeclampsia may have a negative impact on the mother and unborn baby. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between parity and the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women. This research method is analytical observational with a case control design, with a population of 50 data from pregnant women, sampling using a simple random sampling procedure with 25 respondents who experienced preeclampsia and 25 data who did not experience preeclampsia. The results of the chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05 show that the calculation results show a ρ value of (0.023).Conclusions of This study aims to determine the relationship between parity and the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women in the Tarokan Community Health Center working area, Kediri Regency. To recognize preeclampsia early, especially for pregnant women, it is recommended to frequently monitor their pregnancy and comply with integrated ANC.

EFEKTIVITAS BUAH KURMA (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA) DENGAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER 2

Anemia is the main cause of maternal death. Pregnant women who suffer from anemia will experience postpartum bleeding, as a result of this bleeding the mother will experience prolonged health problems and even result in death The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of giving dates to increase Hb levels in pregnant women. This research design uses a Pre-experimental design research method (One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design), namely by means of a nonrandomized control group pretest-posttest design comparing two groups, namely the experimental class and the control class. The sample in this study were all pregnant women who experienced anemia as many as 30 respondents. The results of the analysis showed that the average hemoglobin level of anemic pregnant women who were given blood-boosting tablets was 10.4 gr/dl. Hemoglobin levels of anemic pregnant women before being given dates averaged 9.0 gr/dl and after being given dates averaged 10.0 gr/dl and above. In raising Hb levels in pregnant women who experience anemia, date fruit is more effectively consumed with Fe tablets compared to consuming Fe tablets alone with a value of p = 0.045 (p &lt;0.05) that there is an effectiveness of giving date fruit with an increase in Hb levels in pregnant women in PMB “F” in 2022 with a value of p = 0.045 (p &lt;0.05). From the study it was found that date juice increased HB levels in second trimester pregnant women with an average increase per week of 0.2-1.4 per week.

Penyuluhan Tentang Tanda Bahaya Kehamilan Di TPMB Hj. Mardiawati

The health of pregnant women is one of the national health indicators. The Center for Indonesian Medical Students' Activities (CIMSA) considers that the health figures for pregnant women in Indonesia cannot be categorized as good. So early detection of pregnancy complications can be used as an effort to prevent complications in pregnancy. The still high maternal mortality rate (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR) can be caused by several factors, one of which is the lack of optimal antenatal care and low maternal knowledge about danger signs in pregnancy. Pregnant women's knowledge about danger signs in pregnancy is one of the factors that can influence pregnant women at high risk of experiencing danger signs in pregnancy. The main causes of maternal death, namely preeclampsia, bleeding and infection, can be prevented if the signs are recognized early. These signs are known as danger signs of pregnancy. Therefore, pregnant mothers should learn more about the danger signs of pregnancy. The aim of this activity is to increase mothers' knowledge about the danger signs of pregnancy. This activity was carried out at TBMB Hj. Mardiawati on September 5 2020. The target of this activity is pregnant women who are pregnant women who are at TBMB Hj. Mardiawati. The methods used in this community service activity include counseling, discussion, Javanese questions. After counseling, pregnant women understand and know about the danger signs in pregnancy.

Pendampingan Kepada Masyarakat Tentang Pre Eklamsia Pada Ibu Hamil Di Puskesmas Kassi-Kassi Kota Makassar

preeclampsia is one of the most common medical problems that occurs during pregnancy, and is the main cause of maternal death in the world and in indonesia, therefore it is very important for pregnant women to be trained about the condition during pregnancy and learn appropriate self-care to prevent and control its occurrence. Preeclampsia. However, there are still pregnant women and people who do not have the knowledge and skills about the danger signs of preeclampsia, efforts to treat and prevent preeclampsia. So this service activity is carried out to teach and assist pregnant mothers about pre-eclampsia so that their knowledge increases and they can prevent pre-eclampsia. The method in this activity is a pre-test before carrying out the activity of providing information related to pre-eclampsia, then continuing with the post-test to see the success of the activity. The results of the activities of 13 targets who experienced preeclampsia showed that there were 11 pregnant women with good knowledge and 2 pregnant women with poor knowledge after providing counseling and assistance. This indicates that pregnant women with preeclampsia have more good knowledge after assistance

Anemia Prenatal is A Risk Factor for Postpartum Hemorrhage

Postpartum Hemorrhagic is still the main cause of maternal death. While anemia is a major contributor to maternal morbidity, therefore, to prevent Postpartum Hemorrhagic (PPH), it is important to be aware of the occurrence of anemia during pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between anemia in pregnancy and postpartum hemorrhagic events at the Sukodono Health Center, Sidoarjo. This research is an observational study with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study was 125 respondents, a sample of 42 respondents was obtained using purposive sampling technique. Data collection used secondary data (medical records January - December 2022). Data were analyzed using the Fisher's Exact Test statistic with a significance level of α (0.05). The results showed that the ρ-value = 0.008, meaning that ρ (0.008) &lt; α (0.05) or H1 is accepted: there is a relationship between anemia in pregnancy and the incidence of postpartum hemorrhagic (PPH) at the Sukodono Health Center, Sidoarjo Regency. Pregnancy with anemia in the third trimester has a high risk of experiencing Postpartum Hemorrhagic, so it is necessary to increase awareness of anemia by optimizing integrated antenatal care services.

Pregnancy with severe preeclampsia, acute kidney injury and nephrotic syndrome

Background: Preeclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal death every year. Preeclampsia can have badconsequences for both the mother and the fetus. Complications in the mother in the form of HELLP syndrome(Hemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzyme, Low Platelet), pulmonary edema, kidney disorders, bleeding, placentalabruption and even maternal death. Complications in infants can be premature birth, fetal distress, low birthweight or intra uterine fetal death (IUFD).Case Report: A 34 year old female patient was brought to the emergency room of Dr. M. Djamil Padang, sent tothe Batusangkar Private Hospital with complaints of shortness of breath which has been increasing when lyingdown. Physical examination found blood pressure 190/136. The patient was diagnosed with G2P1A0H1 gravidpreterm 25-26 weeks, PEB on maintenance dose MgSO4 regimen from outside, suspected nephrotic syndrome,CAP with hypoxemia, pleural effusion, AKI with metabolic acidosis, UTI, hyponatremia, hypoalbuminemia.Discussion: Preeclampsia, eclampsia and HELLP syndrome are serious and life-threatening conditions faced bypregnant women. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment via a multidisciplinary team in the ICU setting canprevent complications and reduce morbidity and mortality. The most common indications for intubation andmechanical ventilation are respiratory failure and hemodynamic instability. The cause of death in this patientwas multiple organ failure which was exacerbated by suspected nephrotic syndrome and suspected SLE.

The Effect of Cassava-Dried Shrimp Crackers on Urine Protein in Maternity Hypertension in Maros District Health Center

Maternal Mortality Rate is a serious world health problem. According to the World Health Organization in 2017 around 295,000 women died and after pregnancy and childbirth in 2018 increased to 830,000. The main cause of maternal death is preeclampsia, therefore hypertension and urine protein as causes of preeclampsia need to be controlled. Research has shown that certain nutrients can improve blood pressure and urine protein. The research objective was to analyze the effect of cassava cracker consumption on urine protein in maternity hypertension. This type of research used quasi-experimental and the populations in this study were all Maternities at Cenrana and Tompobulu Health Center. The sample was 15 pregnant women at Puskesmas Cenrana as an experimental group and 15 pregnant women at Tompobulu health center as a control group. The results of the paired t test showed that the consumption of ebi cassava crackers at fourth’s week had a significant effect on changes in urine protein in pregnant women in intervention group with a value of p&gt; α 0.05 = 0.008, while in the control group there was no effect with a value of p&gt; α 0, 05 = 0.250. It was concluded that consumption of ebi cassava crackers during four weeks changed the urine protein from positive to negative. Hopely, every hypertensive pregnant woman consumes cassava crackers to prevent positive urine protein.

THE CORELATION BETWEEN MOTHER'S WEIGHT INCREASE WITH PRE-ECLAMPSION IN PREGNANCY AT SITI KHOLIZAH CLINIC

Pre-eclampsia/eclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal death in Indonesia. The cause of pre-eclampsia in pregnant women is not known with certainty, although there have been several theories that try to explain the cause of pre-eclampsia is placental ischemia. The purpose of this study was to see the relationship between maternal weight gain and the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnancy. This type of research is an observational retrospective analytic study. Analytical observational research. The research location was at the Siti Kholizah Clinic, Medan Marelan District. The statistical test used the Chi Square test with a statistical significance p value of 0.05. After conducting research on statistical data tests, it was found that the increase in body weight during pregnancy has a relationship with the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnancy. There is a significant relationship between weight gain during pregnancy and the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnancy, with a p value of 0.003

The Effect of Giving Boiled Chicken Eggs on the Healing of Perineal Wounds for Postpartum Mothers in the Independent Practice of Midwife Sumiariani in 2021

Postpartum infections still play a role as the main cause of maternal death, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of giving boiled chicken eggs on perineal wound healing in postpartum women. The type of research used in this study was a Quasi Experiment with a population of postpartum women with perineal wounds with a total sample of 10 respondents, 5 respondents (intervention group) and 5 respondents (control group). The results of the study showed that the average length of days healing of perineal wounds in postpartum women in the intervention group (given boiled eggs) was 5.4 days. The mean duration of perineal wound healing in the control group was 10.6 days. There is an effect of giving boiled chicken eggs on perineal wound healing in postpartum women with a p-value of 0.000 &lt;0.05.

Women's experiences of maternity waiting homes in sub-Saharan Africa: a qualitative systematic review protocol.

The objective of this review is to synthesize women's experiences related to the use of maternity waiting homes in sub-Saharan Africa. Most maternal deaths occur within resource-limited settings. Sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia account for around 86% of all maternal deaths worldwide, with sub-Saharan Africa alone contributing roughly two-thirds of all maternal deaths. The long distances that women must travel to reach health facilities has been highlighted as the main cause of maternal death. Maternity waiting homes have been recognized as a strategy to enhance maternal health outcomes by bringing women living in geographically isolated locations closer to health facilities. However, maternity waiting home utilization rates are low and vary across different settings. The study population will be women (15 to 49 years of age) living in sub-Saharan Africa who have experiences related to maternity waiting home use. This may include experiences with service provisions during the final weeks of pregnancy and 2 weeks after childbirth. Stays of at least 1 day will be considered for inclusion. Databases including MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Hinari will be searched. Gray literature sources will include Google Scholar and MedNar. Studies published in English from January 2000 onward will be included. Two independent reviewers will screen the titles and abstracts, followed by an examination of full-text papers. Any disagreements will be handled through discussion or consultation with a third reviewer. Two reviewers will independently assess the methodological quality of included studies and extract the data. The articles will be meta-aggregated and presented in tabular or narrative format. PROSPERO CRD42022306003.

PENGARUH UMUR DAN PARITAS IBU YANG MENGALAMI PLASENTA PREVIA DI RUANG BERSALIN RSUD ULIN BANJARMASIN

Until now, bleeding in obstetrics still plays an important role as the main cause of maternal death, one of obstetric bleeding is placenta previa which occurs around 7%. The causative factors include age and parity. Based on register data in the maternity ward of RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin for the last 4 years, 72 people (4%) in 2019, 65 people (3.8%) in 2020, 69 people (4.4%) in 2021 and 89 people (4.7%) in 2022. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the age and parity of mothers with placenta previa in the delivery room at Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin. This study used a descriptive method, with a sample of all mothers giving birth. who experienced placenta previa from January to December were 89 people. The results of the study in the maternity ward of Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin, namely the most safe age (20-35 years) amounted to 70 people (78.7%) and the highest parity was safe parity (2 and 3) amounted to 51 people ( 57.3%). For pregnant women to have their pregnancy checked according to specified standards or in accordance with the recommendations of health workers so that they can detect the incidence of placenta previa early. pregnant

Prevalence of Severe Anemia among Pregnant Females and Factors Associated With Anemia in Pregnancy

Background: According to World health organization anemia is most common among females during pregnancy and child birth. Maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality is high due to anemia in pregnancy as it is a contributing factor in poor pregnancy outcome. It is the main cause of maternal death, almost 29% of women die due to anemia in pregnancy. Half of the maternal mortality causes are related to anemia in pregnancy either directly or indirectly. What so ever is the cause of anemia in pregnancy, its management is important for mother and child health. The consequences of anemia have serious health implications especially among pregnant females. Methodology: The cross-sectional study was conducted to find prevalence of anemia during first, second and third trimester of pregnancy and factors related to cause of anemia. A total of 340 pregnant females of government and private hospitals of Lahore city during the period from February 2017 to August 2018 were included in study after sample size calculation through convenient sampling. Sociodemographic, economic status, education level, number of children born to females and gestational period were the factors that were studied among anemic pregnant females. Data analysis was done and frequencies of continuous variables and descriptive analysis for categorical variables were determined. Prevalence of anemia was determined by multinomial logistic regression. Results: Our study showed females were with mean age 27.9 (±SD=5.4) and in age group 31-39 years (53.8%) were more anemic during pregnancy as compared to females &lt;30 years of age. Most of the females (67.1%) were housewives and had primary level of education (49.1%). Among these females (30%) were with mild anemia, (53.5%) were with moderate anemia and (16.5%) were with severe anemia. The mean hemoglobin level was 9.8g/dl (SD=±1.6). Among pregnant females 152(45%) were anemic during third trimester of pregnancy. Result showed 167(48.8%) females were anemic having children &gt; 3. Sociodemographic factors, education level, number of children born to female, economic status all were significantly associated with moderate anemia during pregnancy (p=0.00). Conclusion: Our study showed that although the prevalence of anemia is more among pregnant females but the severe anemia was less. So, it is a preventable health problem which can be controlled by different public health approaches to reduce the burden of disease on the health system. The strategies to control anemia in reproductive age women is important to prevent it among pregnant women. the early diagnosis and immediate correction of anemia is important to reduce the complications of pregnancy and its poor outcome. Early identification of factors is significantly important in managing the problem. Keywords: anemia, pregnancy, prevalence of anemia, gestational period.