Magnitude Of Unintended Pregnancy Research Articles

THE MAGNITUDE AND DETERMINANTS OF INDUCED ABORTION AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS IN DEBRE TABOR TOWN, NORTHWEST ETHIOPIA

Background: Abortion is a sensitive and contentious issue with religious, moral, cultural, and political dimensions. Out of an estimated 210 million pregnancies that occur in the world each year, 38% are unwanted, of which 22% end up in abortion. Globally, 358,000 women die each year as a result of causes related to pregnancy and childbirth. Abortion is one of the top five causes of maternal death in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the magnitude and associated factors of induced abortion among college students in Debre Tabor Health science college, Begiemidir teachers’ college and Fekede Egzi college. Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 3 to May 28,2021. A total of 236 female students were recruited from Debre Tabor Health Science College, Begiemidir Teachers’ college and Fekede Egzi college using systematic random sampling technique. The data were collected using self-administered questionnaire, and data analysis was done by SPSS version 25.0. Result: The magnitude of unintended pregnancy and unsafe induced abortion was 59.8% and 18.6% respectively. Out of the total study participants, 91(38.6%) did use emergency contraceptive pills following unprotected sexual intercourse. Majority 44(75.9%) of abortion was induced. Out of respondents who had induced abortion 22(50%) were attended by their mother. Conclusion: The prevalence of induced abortion was generally high in the study area. Department, year of study and condom use were strongly associated with induced abortion.

Prevalence and determinant factors of unintended pregnancy among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Shashamane hospitals

ABSTRACT Background: Unintended pregnancy is one of the measures of quality of reproductive health service success or failure and is defined as a pregnancy that is not wanted and/or not planned at the time of conception. Unintended pregnancy remains a major public health problem in sub-Saharan countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and determinants of unintended pregnancy among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Shashemene hospitals. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 380 pregnant women from March 25 to April 30/2019. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The data were collected through a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire and it was entered into EPIdata 3.1 and exported to SPSS 24 for further analysis. Binary and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant factors. Variables with P-value < 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. Result: The magnitude of unintended pregnancy was 31.1%. Age 35-45 years (AOR=0.2 95% CI; 1.057-0.8), parity ?3 (AOR= 9.7 95% CI; 2.0-47.7), poor knowledge of family planning (AOR= 2.85 95% CI; 1.54-5.3), being rural residence (AOR = 1.27 95% CI; 2.15-4.5), and low husbands educational level (AOR= 4.34 95%CI; 2.16-9.73) were some of factors which affect unintended pregnancy. Conclusion: The magnitude of unintended pregnancy is high in the study area. Low educational status of the husband, maternal age, parity, residence, and knowledge of mothers on family planning was the most important determinant factor of unintended pregnancy. Increase timely awareness and utilization of reproductive health care services like modern contraceptives are recommended for reducing the prevalence of unplanned pregnancy.

Factors associated with unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia; further analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey data

BackgroundUnintended pregnancy an important public health problem in Ethiopia. It is associated with adverse physical, mental, social and economic outcomes. Identifying factors associated with unintended pregnancy may help to reduce unintended pregnancy and hence adverse outcomes. There are few studies about the prevalence and associated factors of unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia. But these studies were based on small sample size and fragmented. Therefore, this analysis was done to identify factors associated with unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia based on nationally representative data.MethodsThe study used the 2016 Ethiopian demographic and health survey data. The data was downloaded from The DHS program with permission. A total of 1135 women were included in the final model. Data was weighted to consider disproportionate sampling and non-response. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with unintended pregnancy among women.ResultAbout 30% (95% CI: 25.33–34.39) pregnancies were unintended. Married women (Adjusted odds ratio (AOR); 0.34; 95% CI: (0.01–0.14), woman living in developing regions AOR; 0.14; 95% CI: (0.07–0.27) and women who reported distance was not a big problem to get medical care AOR; 0.59; 95% CI: (0.36–0.99) had lower odds of unintended pregnancy. On the other hand, multiparous AOR; 3.77; 95% CI: (1.71–8.33), grand multiparous AOR; 6.72; 95% CI: (2.74–16.49) women and women who ever used contraceptives AOR; 1.86 95% CI: (1.06–3.26) had higher odds of unintended pregnancy.ConclusionAlthough high, the magnitude of unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia was lower compared to the global level. Marital status, region, perceived distance to seek medical care, parity and history of contraceptive use were found significant predictors of unintended pregnancy in Ethiopia.

Unintended Pregnancy During COVID-19 Pandemic Among Women Attending Antenatal Care in Northwest Ethiopia: Magnitude and Associated Factors.

BackgroundCOVID-19 pandemic has a great impact on the disruption of maternal health-care services. Family planning is one component of maternal health-care service that needs attention during this devastating time. Compromise on family planning services and the preventive strategies of COVID-19 might increase the burden of unintended pregnancy, but there is limited evidence that shows the magnitude of unintended pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess unintended pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated factors among women attending antenatal care in northwest Ethiopia.MethodsThis study was an institutional-based cross-sectional study, including 424 women attending antenatal care from November 12/2020 to December 12/2020. The study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. A pretested questionnaire was used. Binary logistic regression (bivariable and multivariable) was employed. The adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to declare statistically significant variables based on p<0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression model.ResultsThe magnitude of unintended pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic among women attending antenatal care was found to be 47.17% (42.2–52.2%). Women did not expose to community education (AOR=2.2; 95% CI1.1–4), women with no bad obstetric history (AOR=2.3; 95% CI1.3–4.1), a woman was not the primary decision maker for family planning service (AOR=2.9; 95% CI 1.5–5.7), no complication during index pregnancy (AOR=5.4; 95% CI 2.2–13) and women with no health-care provider support (AOR=2.4, 95% CI1.4–3.9) were significantly associated with unintended pregnancy.ConclusionsThe magnitude of unintended pregnancy was found to be high. Community education about maternal health services including family planning, improving women’s decision-making power for maternal health-care services, giving emphasis on pregnancy-related complications with health-care provider support, and pregnant women with bad obstetric history were suggested to reduce the problem.

Magnitude of Unintended Pregnancy and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Debre Markos Town, East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BackgroundUnintended pregnancy is an important public health concern in both developing and developed countries due to its serious consequences for women, infants, families and communities, including the risk of unsafe abortion, delayed prenatal care, poor maternal mental health, poor child health outcomes and unemployment.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of unintended pregnancy among pregnant women in the town of Debre Markos in 2019.MethodsThe magnitude and associated factors of unintended pregnancy were assessed using a community-based cross-sectional study design. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select five Kebeles (basic administrative units), and households were selected from the selected Kebeles using simple random sampling. A total of 580 samples were collected through standardized pretested questionnaires. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between the UP and independent variables.ResultsOf the pregnant women, 202 (34.8%) (95% CI: 30.9–38.7) participants had an unintended current pregnancy; of those 144 (24.8%) were mistimed pregnancies. Women aged 24 years were three times more likely to have an unintended pregnancy than those aged 35 years. Divorced and widowed women were four times more likely than women who were currently married to experience an unintended pregnancy. Gravidity 1–2 and 3–4 were 94% and 86% less likely than gravidity > 5 to experience an unintended pregnancy, and women who made family planning decisions on their own were less likely to have an unintended pregnancy.ConclusionAccording to this study, the prevalence of unintended pregnancy was 34.8% and unintended pregnancy was significantly correlated with women’s age, marital status, gravidity and who made decisions on family planning. There is an obvious need to devise communication strategies on fertility and contraceptive issues between couples through peer education, and to encourage correct use of long-acting modern methods of family planning.

Magnitude and Associated Factors of Unintended Pregnancy among Pregnant Women at Saesie Tsaeda Emba Woreda Eastern Zone of Tigray, North Ethiopia, 2018.

Background Each year there were about 80 million women who experienced unintended pregnancy in the globe. In Ethiopia, around one third of women have experiences of unintended pregnancy. However, the magnitude of unintended pregnancy was not determined in the study area. Hence the aim of the study was to assess the magnitude and associated factors of unintended pregnancy among pregnant women. Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study design was employed among 345 participants. Participants were selected by systematic random sampling. Data was collected though face to face interview by structured questioner. It was entered, clean and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive analysis was done to see the frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Adjusted odds ratio was computed at 95% confidence level to determine the effect of independent variable on the outcome variable. Variable at p value < 0.05 was declared as statistically significant variable. Model goodness of fit was checked using Hosmer lemeshow test. Result The overall magnitude of unintended pregnancy was 24.9%. Employed women were 60% less likely having unintended pregnancy (AOR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.015, 0.785).Single women were 1.4 times more likely reported unintended pregnancy (AOR 1.4, 95% CI: 1.005, 3.675). Unintended pregnancy among ever visited by health extension workers was 1.7 times higher than not visited (AOR 1.7, 95% CI: 1.09, 5. 128). Unintended pregnancy among who had information about family planning were about 70% less likely reported unintended pregnancy than their counterparties (AOR 0.3, 95% CI: 0 .067, 0.845). Marital status, occupational status, visited by health extension workers, having information about family planning, discussing with their partners about contraceptive were found the major factors of unintended pregnancy. Thus the district health office, Tigray regional health office and other stakeholder should work to improve family planning accessibility, awareness, and utilization to overcome the problem.

Prevalence of unintended pregnancy and associated factors among married women in west Belessa Woreda, Northwest Ethiopia, 2016

BackgroundUnintended pregnancies can have adverse physical, mental, social, and economic outcomes. Illegal abortions and associated complications often follow unintended pregnancies and claim the lives of many women in developing countries. To better understand how unintended pregnancy impacts married women, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of unintended pregnancies and associated factors among married pregnant women in West Belessa woreda, Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from August to September 2015.. A multistage stratified sampling technique was used to select nine kebeles, to participate in the study. A total of 619 married pregnant women were selected from these kebeles by the simple random sampling technique and data were collected with a structured questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the unintended pregnancies. A p-value of < 0.05 in the multi-variable model was used to identify significance.ResultA total of 592 married pregnant women were surveyed regarding their intention to become pregnant. The prevalence of unintended pregnancy was 13.7%. Age at pregnancy (AOR: 15.2, 95% CI (1.9, 125.2)), history of stillbirth (AOR: 3.3, 95% CI (1.4, 7.9)), discussing pregnancy related issues with husbands (AOR: 2.3, 95% CI (1.1, 5.0)), making family planning decisions on their own (AOR: 0.4, (0.2, 0.8)), and making family planning decisions with their husbands (AOR: 95% CI 0.2 (0.1, 0.4)) were significantly associated with unintended pregnancies in this group.ConclusionThe magnitude of unintended pregnancy in the study area was low. Age at pregnancy, history of stillbirth and involvement of partners in making reproductive health choices were associated with unintended pregnancies. Empowering women to make family planning decisions and increasing partner involvement in reproductive health could decrease unintended pregnancies.

Prevalence of unintended pregnancy among antenatal care followers, in kersa woreda, estern hararghae, Ethiopia

Introduction: Unintended pregnancy is an important Public health concern worldwide that affect women, families and society at large. An unintended pregnancy has been responsible for unplanned and mostly unwanted family unions that ultimately cause disrupted lifestyles, a source of conflict between individuals and families as well as discrimination against girl hence the objective of this study was aimed to assess the prevalence of unintended pregnancy and its cause among ANC followers.Methodology: The study was conducted in kersa woreda, Eastern hararghae, Ethiopia from February to March, 2015. Facility based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the sample of pregnant women visiting the randomly selected health facility. The source population was all pregnant women residing in kersa woreda and the study population was all pregnant women found in study area who visited health institution for ANC follow up. Our sample was 328 women, and respondents were selected using systematic random sampling. The data was cleaned, entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.Result: The magnitude of unintended pregnancy was 31.3% of those, 82(25.6%) was mistimed and 18 (5.6%) was unwanted. Decision power, no radio, and not able to discuss with partner showed significant association. God’s order, husband contraceptive disapproval, and lack of information on contraceptives were mentioned as main cause for current unintended pregnancy.Conclusion: unintended pregnancy was prevalent in 31.3%. Absence of radio, lack of information and lack of discussion with partner was significant predictors. Health information dissemination is needed to community residents, and local governors should ensure that accessible, affordable and acceptable contraceptive is in place.

Unintended Pregnancy: Magnitude and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Arba Minch Town, Gamo Gofa Zone, Ethiopia, 2015

Background: Unintended pregnancy is an important public health challenge in many corner of the world especially in developing countries. Different efforts have been applied to reduce unintended pregnancy, but it is still increasing in Africa specifically in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the magnitude and associated factors of unintended pregnancy among pregnant women in Arba Minch town, Southern Ethiopia. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study design was conducted from February 15th to March 11th 2015 among 288 randomly selected pregnant women. Data on demographic and other risk factors of unintended pregnancy were collected using semi-structured questionnaire. The result was analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Logistic regressions employed to assess the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Level of significance determined at p-value <5%. Results: Magnitude of unintended pregnancy was 19.4%. This problem was affected by different factors positively or negatively. Predictor like age at first marriage ≤18 and husband refusal to use family planning were found to be positively associated with unintended pregnancy as evidenced by statistical result of [AOR=4.60 (95%CI):(2.88, 7.34)] and [AOR=3.5 (95%CI):(1.97, 6.24)] respectively. On the other hand, knowledge on family planning [AOR =0.40 (95%CI) :(0.075, 0.37)] and utilization of family planning [AOR=0.35 (95%CI): (0.20, 0.61)] were found to be protective factors for unintended pregnancy. Conclusions: The magnitude of unintended pregnancy was relatively high in this study. Age at first marriage, husband refusal to use family planning, lack practicing family planning and knowledge about family planning were determinants of unintended pregnancy. Therefore, well-tailored family planning, and organized family discussion education program targeting both women and men should be initiated.

Unintended pregnancy among female sex workers in Mekelle city, northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

BackgroundUnintended pregnancy is a significant public health concern in the world. Particularly, female sex workers are exposed to the risk of unintended pregnancy, abortion and their consequences. The aim of this study was, therefore, to assess unintended pregnancy and associated factors among female sex workers in Mekelle city, northern Ethiopia.MethodsA community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 346 female sex workers from five Kebelles (smallest administrative units in Ethiopia) of Mekelle city from March-April, 2014. Sex workers were selected with simple random sampling technique using sampling frame obtained from urban health extension program. Epi-data version 3.1 was used to enter data and analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with unintended pregnancy using odds ratio and 95% confidence interval with P-value of 0.05.ResultsThe magnitude of unintended pregnancy among female sex workers in the past two years was 28.6%. During this period, 59 women had abortion which represents three-fifths, (59.6%), of those who had unintended pregnancies, and 17.1% of all female sex workers. Female sex workers who gave birth and had history of abortion formerly had 3.1 (AOR = 3.07, 95% CI: [1.54, 6.09]) and 15.6 (AOR = 15.64 95% CI: [8.03, 30.47]) times higher odds of unintended pregnancy compared to their counterparts, respectively. Sex workers who had steady partners had 2.9 (AOR = 2.87, 95% CI: [1.47, 5.61]) times higher odds of have unintended pregnancy than those who hadn’t. Drug users had 2.7 (AOR = 2.68, 95% CI: [1.30, 5.52]) times higher odds of unintended pregnancy than those who hadn’t use. Sex workers who had 60–96 months of duration in sex work were 67% less likely to have unintended pregnancy than those with <12 months (AOR = 0.33, 95% CI: [0.11, 0.95]).ConclusionsHigh level of unintended pregnancy and a range of associated factors were identified among sex workers. Improving utilization of effective pregnancy prevention methods in a consistent manner can avert the existing high level of unintended pregnancy among female sex workers.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1366-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Magnitude and Factors Influencing Unintended Pregnancy among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Unintended pregnancy is important public health concern both in the developing and developed world that increases maternal morbidity and mortality. The proportion of unintended pregnancies is increasing in Ethiopia; yet the determinants of unwanted and mistimed pregnancy has not been identified clearly. The objectives of this study were to determine magnitude and identify factors associated with unintended pregnancy among currently pregnant women visiting antenatal care clinic, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 454 women attending antenatal care clinic at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital from June to July 2012. Simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected by trained data collectors using pretested structured questionnaires. Data were checked for completeness, consistency, coded and entered into EPI Info (version 3.5.2) and transferred to SPSS version 16 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was computed to test the strength of association and level of significance. P-value <0.05 was considered as statistical significant. Results: The magnitude of unintended pregnancy was 26.0 % (13.7% mistimed and 12.3% were unwanted). Major reasons mentioned for failure to avoid unintended pregnancy were lack of knowledge, disapproval by husband, and method failure. The study revealed that illiterate women were three times more likely to experience unintended pregnancy compared to those women educated secondary and above (AOR= 3.10, CI: 1.66- 5.78). Likewise, those women who had family size of 3-5 were twice more likely at risk to have unintended pregnancy compared to those who had family size of 1-2 (AOR= 2.19; CI: 1.32- 3.61) and those women who had family size of greater than 5 were nine folds at risk to have unintended pregnancy compared to those who had family size of 1-2 (AOR=8.90; CI: 4.37-18.13). Conclusion: The finding of this study showed that a considerable proportion of women had unintended pregnancy (26%). The study showed that many factors were interwoven to affect the occurrence of the unintended pregnancy. Differences in educational status of women and family size, previous history of unintended pregnancy and male partner awareness on contraceptive utilization were found to be significantly significant with unintended pregnancy. Health promotion messages are needed to focus to improve the knowledge of women about contraceptives as a primary prevention of unplanned pregnancies.

Unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion and emergency contraception

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the magnitude of unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion and to assess awareness towards emergency contraception (EC) among women attending antenatal care in Ethiopia. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted from 19 August to 30 September 2011 among 310 women attending antenatal care (aged of 15–49 years) that were selected by using simple random sampling technique. A structured five page questionnaire was developed and pretested before the interview. The data were entered and analysed using SPSS version 16.0. Result: Of 310 respondents, 87 (28%) reported their pregnancy was unintended and 56 (18%) had practiced unsafe abortion one or more times. Only 105 (34%) of respondents had heard about EC and of those, only 11.8% had used the method previously. Of the 105 respondents who had heard about EC, 80 (76.2%) did not know the maximum acceptable time to use EC after unprotected sexual intercourse. A considerable proportion of respondents (59.1%) reported their fear on using EC due to safety misconceptions. Conclusion: This study indicated unintended pregnancy and unsafe abortion are very high due to lack of knowledge, practice and misconception towards EC among women attending antenatal care. Therefore, it is necessary to promote EC awareness using appropriate education methods.