Magnetorheological Polishing Fluid Research Articles

Analysis of settlement stability of aqueous magnetorheological fluid for magnetorheological jet polishing

Magnetorheological fluid is widely used in magnetorheological polishing as a smart material. The settlement stability of magnetorheological fluids plays a crucial role in determining the final polishing results. However, balancing viscosity growth with improved settlement stability is a challenge. This paper experimentally investigated the effects of different surfactant combinations on the settlement stability and viscosity of magnetorheological polishing fluids, and the experimental results showed that; using the combination of 0.25 ml Span 80 and 0.25 ml Tween 60, the deposition rate of magnetorheological solution was 68.5 %, and the zero-field viscosity was 2.3 mPa·s. Polishing experiments were carried out using the configured magnetorheological fluid, and the surface roughness of the workpiece was improved considerably with good results. Magnetorheological fluids with high settling stability also help to reduce the deposition of nanoparticles on the surface of the workpiece and improve the cleaning effect on the surface of the workpiece.

Microscopic modeling and experimental investigation of inner surface magnetorheological polishing based on particle micromechanics

Traditional surface polishing methods are no longer able to meet the ultra-precision requirements of the high-tech industry for the inner surface of the pipe, but magnetorheological polishing technology is very suitable due to its advantages of high precision, fast controllability and good deposition stability. However, there is even less investigation on the microforce analysis, chaining mechanism and micromodeling methods of magnetorheological polishing fluid (MRPF), and the polishing mechanism of MRPF has not been explored yet. As a step to completely develop the magnetorheological polishing (MRP) technique, this paper proposed the simulation method of MRPF based on particle dynamics, and the shear stress model of magnetorheological fluid (MRF) is optimized under the action of the magnetic field after performing the chain simulation. On the basis of the optimized shear stress model and the hexagonal close-packed structure of MRF, the holding mechanism of polishing abrasive particles is explored for the MRPF and the corresponding holding models are proposed. Then, the shear yield stress models and material removal model are also established for the inner surface polishing, respectively. Eventually, the above theoretical analysis and related models have been verified though the polishing experiment of the titanium alloy pipe.

Improvement of roughness in ultrasonic assisted magnetorheological finishing of small titanium alloy nuts by orthogonal test method

Titanium alloy with high corrosion resistance, high strength-to-density ratio, and excellent biocompatibility has a wide range of applications in the field of biomedical implants. Polishing experiments of titanium alloy with a small size and complex shapes were investigated using an ultrasonic assisted magnetorheological finishing (UMRF) device excited by a three-pole magnetic field generator. The models of the normal force and the shear force were first proposed based on the Preston equation to analyze the mechanism of material removal in the UMRF process. Subsequently, the single-factor experiments using titanium alloy nuts (M3) and the MR polishing fluid with silicon carbide abrasives were carried out. Furthermore, to improve the surface roughness and the change rate of surface roughness of nuts, orthogonal tests with a standard L9(34) orthogonal array were designed and performed based on the optimized process parameters obtained from the single-factor experiment. The results indicated the effect on surface roughness and change rate of surface roughness as applied current > roller speed > ultrasonic amplitude > spindle speed and applied current > roller speed > spindle speed > ultrasonic amplitude, respectively. Moreover, the surface roughness was improved from an initial 1.247 μm to a final 0.104 μm after the polishing for 80 min under these optimal process parameters.

Precipitation mechanism of abrasive particles in magnetorheological polishing fluid and experimental verification

This study aims to address the issue of poor workpiece surface machining quality due to inadequate abrasive particle precipitation during the processing of magnetorheological polishing fluid. The paper employs magnetic dipole theory and molecular dynamics theory to establish a microdynamics model for magnetorheological polishing fluid and conducts kinematic and dynamic analyses of magnetic and abrasive particles. The chaining process of magnetic particles in magnetorheological polishing fluid was simulated under an external magnetic field, and the precipitation process of abrasive particles under the action of magnetic particles was simulated and analyzed. Furthermore, we established a microscopic observation experimental platform for magnetorheological polishing fluid and verified the precipitation law of abrasive particles under the action of dynamic magnetic field. The study findings indicate that the magnetic particles will form a chain structure, when the rotating magnetic field has an effect on the magnetorheological polishing fluid, and the abrasive particles will precipitate from the magnetorheological polishing fluid and adhere to the upper end of the magnetic chain. Moreover, the precipitation rate of abrasive particles is also affected by the magnetic field strength, the volume fraction of magnetic particles, and the rotating magnetic field speed, with the abrasive particles’ precipitation rate specifically increasing with higher magnetic field strength. At a magnetic field strength of 100 kA/m, the abrasive precipitation rate reaches 80 % in approximately 90 s, which increases to 80 % in only 60 s at a magnetic field strength of 200 kA/m. Additionally, with the increase of magnetic particle volume fraction, the precipitation rate of abrasive particles decreases. Within the first 40 s of the test, the magnetic particle volume fraction increases from 10 % to 30 %, and the precipitation rate of abrasive particles decreases by about 11 %. Similarly, the abrasive precipitation rate is affected differently by the rotating magnetic field speed. As the rotating magnetic field speed increases, the abrasive precipitation rate shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. When the rotating magnetic field speed increases from 20 r/min to 40 r/min, the abrasive precipitation rate of the first 40 s increases by about 25 %. When the speed continues to increase to 60 r/min, the precipitation rate of abrasive particles gradually decreases.

High precision polishing of aluminum alloy mirrors through a combination of magnetorheological finishing and chemical mechanical polishing

After the aluminum alloy mirror machined by single point diamond turning (SPDT), the residual tool marks and surface accuracy of the aluminum alloy mirror cannot meet the requirements of visible or ultraviolet light system. In this study, a processing method combining magnetorheological finishing (MRF) and chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is proposed to realize the polishing of aluminum alloy mirrors with high efficiency, high precision and high-quality. Firstly, the properties and composition of passivation layer after MRF were analyzed and the polishing performance of acidic, neutral and alkaline alumina polishing fluid on passivation layer were investigated based on the computer numerical control (CNC) polishing equipment. Based on the experimental results, a new acidic nano-silica polishing fluid which is suitable for the efficient and high-quality removal of passivation layers on aluminum alloy surfaces was developed. Finally, a combined approach of MRF-CMP was used to the directly polishing of a rapidly solidified aluminum mirror (RSA-6061) with a diameter of 100 mm after SPDT. With two iterative of MRF-CMP polishing in 220 minutes, the surface accuracy of the aluminum alloy mirror was improved from 0.1λ (λ=632.8 nm) to 0.024λ, and the surface roughness (Ra) decreased from 3.6 nm to 1.38 nm. The experiment results manifest that high precision, and high-quality aluminum alloy mirror can be achieved by MRF-CMP method with the new developed acid nano-silica polishing fluid and suitable MR polishing fluid. The research results will provide a new strategy for ultra-precision direct polishing of aluminum alloy mirrors and will also give the important technical support for the extensive use of aluminum alloy mirror in visible light and ultraviolet optical systems.

Magnetorheological Polishing Based on Honing Vertical Mechanism for Inner Surface of Titanium Alloy Pipes

Recently, high internal surfaces for titanium alloy pipes have been required due to the increment of various applications such as aerospace components. In this work, vertical magnetorheological polishing (VMRP) is carried out to achieve high polishing performance on the internal surface of the titanium alloy pipe. A series of comparative experiments were conducted to investigate the polishing mechanism of magnetorheological polishing (MRP) fluid and enhance the polishing performance. It is shown from the experimental results that the VMRP method under the opposite polarity arrangement improves the surface roughness from 47.85% to 83.34% by reducing unwanted vibration and noise during operation. This provides nanoscale surface polishing quality, while such a precision cannot be achieved from the previous horizontal MR polishing apparatus method. It is found that under a 2700 cycle polishing time, a polishing process combining a rough and fine polishing approach with a combination of different particle diameters results in an axial surface roughness of 0.05 μm and circumferential surface roughness of 0.038 μm, respectively. It is also identified that the axial surface roughness of 0.04 μm–0.041 μm is achieved through the combination of high- and low-speed polishing process after 1602 cycles.

Improved approach to magnetorheological finishing of blind-hole cavities

ABSTRACT Nanofinishing of blind-hole cavities is important to produce high quality products without any surface irregularities. The commonly used methods such as grinding or honing are not efficient because of the uncontrolled forces and direct contact of the solid abrasive tool with the workpiece. Magnetorheological (MR) polishing process using smart fluid has proved its effectiveness in achieving the nano-finished surface. The existing tool design uses two different operations for nano-scale finishing of a blind-hole cavity, resulting into a higher production cost. In this present work, a novel tool that can vary its dimensions during finishing operation was developed for enhancing the surface finishing of blind-hole cavities. Distribution of magnetic fields within the entire tool and blind-hole cavity surface was found appropriate and also revealed that the tool surface has maximum magnetic field for stiffening the MR polishing fluid over its surface. After 90 minutes of finishing, it was concluded that the roughness (Ra) change on the blind-hole cavity were reduced by 75.12% (on inner vertical) and 74.21% (on inner bottom).

Investigation on roller-type ultrasonic assisted magnetorheological finishing for biomedical small and complex surface of titanium alloy

Biomedical small workpieces made of titanium alloys are widely used in orthopedic implants. However, the poor abrasive resistance and the complex shape of the parts with small size could seriously reduce its finishing quality and efficiency. In this study, a roller-type ultrasonic assisted magnetorheological finishing (R-UMRF) for biomedical small and complex surface of titanium alloy was proposed. The R-UMRF principle was illustrated in detail. Then, the magnetic circuits of R-UMRF with three-pole electromagnet excitation device was designed and mathematical expressions of magnetic flux density in the MR fluid polishing region was further established. Moreover, simulation analysis of the designed magnetic circuit was performed as well. An experimental prototype was fabricated and tested to the feasibility of the developed MR polishing fluid and R-UMRF device. The results showed that the surface roughness decreases with the increase in spindle speed and roller speed, however, it first decreases and then increases with the increase in ultrasonic amplitude and the applied current. In addition, the surface roughness change rate increases with the increase in spindle speed and roller speed, however, it first increases and then decreases with the increase in ultrasonic amplitude and the applied current. The optimized process parameters for the titanium alloy screws are the MR polishing fluid of MRPF-2, the spindle speed of 240 r/min, the roller speed of 110 r/min, ultrasonic amplitude of 10 µm, and applied current of 4 A. The surface roughness Ra of 0.089 µm can be obtained after 140 min finishing under the optimized parameters. R-UMRF is an adaptable and efficient method for finishing small and complex surface of titanium alloy.

Research on influence of polishing fluids parameters on processing effects in reciprocating magnetorheological polishing

PurposeThis paper aims to study the influence of the different parameters of magnetorheological polishing fluids (MRP fluids) on the surface roughness and material removal rate (MRR) of the workpiece surface in the reciprocating magnetorheological polishing (RMRP) process.Design/methodology/approachA series of single-factor experiments are performed to evaluate the influence of the concentration of magnetic particles, concentration of abrasive particles and size of abrasive particles on surface processing effects by using the RMRP method. Moreover, the yield stress and viscosity of MRP fluids are studied based on the Bingham plastic model by varying the MRP fluids parameters.FindingsA reasonable parameter of MRP fluids is crucial to the surface roughness and MRR of the workpiece surface, and the optimized parameters are obtained by the single-factor experiments of RMRP. The results are when the concentration of carbonyl iron particles is 40 Vol.%, the concentration of CeO2 is 5 Vol.% and the size of CeO2 is 2.5 µm in the MRP fluids, the surface roughness of the workpiece remarkably decreases to 28 nm from the initial 332 nm and the MRR of the workpiece increases to 0.118 mg/min.Originality/valueIn this study, the single-factor experiments for the different parameters of MRP fluids are studied to polish K9 glass by using the RMRP device, and the yield stress and viscosity of MRP fluids are investigated by rheological experiments, which provides reference for a reasonable selection of the MRP fluids parameter in RMRP process.

Material removal analysis during MR polishing of complex gear teeth profiles

The geometric intricacy of tiny gears makes nano-finishing difficult. In the current study, the magnetorheological (MR) polishing process is used for the nano-finishing of intricate surfaces of tiny gear components uniformly. For polishing, the technique employs a dynamic fluid recognized as magnetorheological polishing fluid (MRPF), that has the ability to stiffen in the presence of a magnetic field. Base media, iron and abrasive particles are utilized to synthesize the MRPF. Permanent magnets produce the necessary magnetic field in the finishing zone. Finite element analysis (FEA) is utilized to model the iron and abrasive particles to understand better how they would react in the external magnetic field. FEA is utilized to analyze the magnetic flux density (MFD) distributions and the amount of magnetic force exerting on gear profiles through iron particles (IPs). It has been observed that the IPs present close to the active abrasives are primarily accountable for indenting active abrasives into the workpiece surfaces. In addition, the influence of particle dimension on the stiffness of iron particle chains in MRPF has been investigated. A mathematical model for material removal is developed by utilizing normal finishing force analysis on active abrasives. Lastly, the finishing surface characteristics of gear profiles are examined using an optical profilometer, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and spectroscopic analysis. Finally, 92.68% improvement in the surface finish is observed.

Iron-Sepiolite High-Performance Magnetorheological Polishing Fluid with Reduced Sedimentation.

A sedimentation-stable magnetorheological (MR) polishing slurry on the basis of ferrofluid, iron particles, Al2O3, and clay nanofiller in the form of sepiolite intended for MR polishing has been designed, prepared, and its polishing efficiency verified. Added clay substantially improved sedimentation stability of the slurry, decreasing its sedimentation rate to a quarter of its original value (1.8 to 0.45 mg s−1) while otherwise maintaining its good abrasive properties. The magnetisation curve measurement proved that designed slurry is soft magnetic material with no hysteresis, and its further suitability for MR polishing was confirmed by its magnetorheology namely in the quadratically increased yield stress due to the effect of applied magnetic field (0 to 600 kA m−1). The efficiency of the MR polishing process was tested on the flat samples of injection-moulded polyamide and verified by surface roughness/3D texture measurement. The resulting new composition of the MR polishing slurry exhibits a long-term stable system with a wide application window in the MR polishing process.

Design and development of ultrasonic assisted-rotational magnetorheological abrasive flow finishing (UA-RMRAFF) process

The rotational-magnetorheological abrasive flow finishing (R-MRAFF) process, as one of the derivatives of the abrasive flow finishing (AFF) process, has a high potential for surface modification. However, the R-MRAFF process is a major challenge in terms of finishing time. The present study aims to propose ultrasonic vibration has been proposed as a technical solution to deal with the technological challenges of the R-MRAFF process. A new finishing method called the ultrasonic assisted-rotational magnetorheological abrasive flow finishing (UA-RMRAFF) process has been developed for the first time in which ultrasonic vibrations are applied to the workpiece perpendicular to the magnetorheological polishing (MRP) fluid flow direction. For this purpose, the workpiece was first kept in dynamic condition. Then, an ultrasonic horn was designed using the finite element method (FEM) to apply maximum amplitude to the workpiece. To evaluate the finishing efficiency of the UA-RMRAFF process, experiments were conducted on the internal finishing of Al2024 tubes at different finishing times for investigating and observing its effect on surface roughness (Ra) and material removal (MR). In addition, a comparative study was performed between the UA-RMRAFF and R-MRAFF processes in terms of % change in Ra (%ΔRa) and % improvement in MR. Experimental findings illustrate that the UA-RMRAFF process provides a uniform and fine surface finish without surface defects such as a mirror up to the range of 25.5 nm, in addition to increasing MR. Based on the results of the comparative study, the UA-RMRAFF process performs surface modification faster than that of the R-MRAFF process. While confirming these findings, the morphological and topographic analysis of the surface of the finished samples emphasizes that the main difference between the UA-RMRAFF and R-MRAFF processes is in the sinusoidal motion path of abrasive particles on the workpiece surface asperities, which clearly shows the effect of ultrasonic vibrations.

Experimental study on magnetorheological polishing fluids composition in reciprocating magnetorheological polishing

As the main factor of magnetorheological polishing (MRP), the magnetorheological polishing fluids (MRP fluids) directly affect the machining results of the workpiece surface. In this study, the preparation and performance test of MRP fluids are carried out. It is to evaluate the polishing effects of the workpiece by experimental design of the prepared MRP fluids composition, that is, the concentration of carbonyl iron particles (CIPs), the concentration of cerium oxide (CeO2), and the size of cerium oxide (CeO2) using reciprocating polishing method and establish regression equation models. Further, the optimum MRP fluids composition parameters are obtained by the optimization of regression models of the ΔRa and MRR, and the correctness of optimization results of regression models is validated by experimental verification. The results show that the ΔRa and MRR of the workpiece are affected by the MRP fluids composition parameters. The optimum MRP fluids composition parameters are found at 40 vol.% concentration of CIPs, 5 vol.% concentration of CeO2, and 7000 mesh size of CeO2. The experimental results of the ΔRa and MRR are deviated by 4.95% and 4.17% from the response results respectively by experimental verification.

Experimental investigations into the nano-finishing of Al2024 tubes using the rotational-magnetorheological abrasive flow finishing (R-MRAFF) process

Aluminum alloy 2024 (Al2024) tubes have extensive applications in the aerospace industry; however, finishing their interior surfaces is a big challenge. In this case, many traditional and advanced machining processes are inefficient due to the limitations of machining tools. To overcome these challenges and limitations, rotational-magnetorheological abrasive flow finishing (R-MRAFF) process has been proposed. In this process, magnetorheological polishing (MRP) fluid, experiences a rotational motion in addition to the reciprocating motion on the workpiece surface asperities. In the present work, the effect of the R-MRAFF processing time on the internal finishing of Al2024 tubes has been investigated experimentally in terms of two essential parameters; surface roughness and material removal. In this regard, an industrial prototype of the R-MRAFF process has been developed. Experimental results express the efficiency of the R-MRAFF process for nano-finishing of Al2024 tubes. The surface roughness and material removal values at a processing time of 15 min are 26.3 nm and 41 mg, respectively. In addition to the morphological observations, the surface topography results emphasize the removal of peaks by the R-MRAFF process, besides creating deep scratches with negative skewness on the surface texture of Al2024 tubes, which results in increased oil holding capacity.

Magnetorheological finishing of aluminium cylindrical roller for enhanced performance of printing operation

Aluminium is the most versatile engineering material for various industries, such as transport, machinery, metallurgy and printing. The aluminium cylindrical roller plays a significant role in the printing machine. In order to evenly distribute the pressure and for accurate tolerances roller needs to be perfect and uniformly finished. Owing to their ductility and lesser hardness, it is difficult to achieve uniform and fine finishing by conventional finishing methods. The rotary magnetorheological (MR) method is established to satisfy this requirement. The MR polishing fluid composition is initially analysed in order to obtain a fine finish. The central composite design was employed to optimize the finishing parameters. The batch gradient descent algorithm is used to validate the RSM optimization of process parameters. Batch gradient descent gives the mathematical model which validates the RSM mathematical model. The scan electron microscopy, reflectivity test and surface roughness profile check were carried out to track the surface texture and the cylindrical aluminium roller's ruggedness. The standard deviation test is performed to measure the uniformity of the finished surface and demonstrate that the uniformity of the finished surface which is increased. Geometric measurements are tested by the way of the surface waviness measurement. The results of earlier process parameters and with addition of reciprocation of work-part is compared and experimentation performed on 120 mm long and 25 mm diameter of the aluminium cylindrical roller with 30 mm length for each trial.

Impact of different magnetorheological fluid compositions on poppet valve profile polishing

Precise finishing of the poppet valve profile will make it perfectly fit on its seat in the aerospace gas propulsion engine to reduce hydrocarbon emissions. Nano-finishing of poppet valve narrow profiles is a particularly challenging job. This article reports on the uniform polishing of the poppet profiles using a novel magnet fixture used in the rotational-magnetorheological fluid-based finishing (R-MRFF) method. The precise finishing of the Nickel aluminium bronze (BS1400 Gr. AB2) (excellent corrosion resistance and bearing properties) poppet profiles is done through various compositions of magnetorheological polishing (MRP) fluid. After performing the experiments, surface characterization and material compositions are outlined for both polished and unpolished poppet profiles. Magnetostatic simulation is also performed to observe the distribution of magnetic flux density along poppet valve profiles. This magnetostatic analysis will help in understanding the finishing mechanism properly. Ultrafine surface roughness (Ra = 21.3 nm) at poppet profiles are obtained using an MRP fluid of Type ‒ 2. All manufacturing defects are almost removed from the poppet valve profiles.

Material removal model of magnetorheological finishing based on dense granular flow theory

Magnetorheological finishing (MRF) technology is widely used in the fabrication of high-precision optical elements. The material removal mechanism of MRF has not been fully understood because MRF technology involves the integration of electromagnetics, contact mechanics, and materials science. In this study, the rheological properties of the MR polishing fluid in oscillation model have been investigated. We propose that the shear-thinned MR polishing fluid over the polishing area should be considered a dense granular flow, based on which a new contact model of MRF over the polishing area has been constructed. Removal function and processing force test experiments were conducted under different working gaps. The normal pressure and effective friction equations over the polishing area were built based on the continuous medium and dense granular flow theories. Then, a novel MRF material removal model was established. A comparison of the results of the theoretical model with actual polishing results demonstrated the accuracy of the established model. The novel model proposed herein reveals the generation mechanism of shear force over a polished workpiece and realizes effective decoupling of the main processing parameters that influence the material removal of MRF. The results of this study will provide new and effective theoretical guidance for the process optimization and technology improvement of MRF.

Magnetorheological finishing of small gear teeth profiles using novel workpiece fixture

Miniature gears are essential components of transmitting power in tiny motors used in the aviation, automobile, and healthcare sectors etc. Because of the intricacy of its shape, nanofinishing of tiny gear is a tough job. The rotational magnetorheological abrasive flow finishing (R-MRAFF) technique is a new hybrid methodology for the generation of nano-meter range surface finishing. These surfaces reduce friction between integrating parts, extending their life span. In the current study, a model for simulating the impacts of the R-MRAFF technique was developed using finite element (FE) analysis software, namely COMSOL® Multiphysics. The impacts of various process factors on the fluid flow characteristics while finishing the gear component are investigated using magnetostatic fluid flow analysis of magnetorheological polishing fluid (MRPF) in 3D computational domain of new workpiece fixture. To evaluate the forces operating in R-MRAFF technique, a viscosity model for MRP fluid flow around a complicated component (small steel gear) in an outside magnetic field is recognized and simulated. The magnetic field has a major impact on processing effectiveness by controlling the MRPF viscosity. During the polishing of the gear component, the surface finish attained at various places on working surfaces is uniform, which is confirmed by surface characterization of teeth profiles of small gear.

Experimental investigation on magnetorheological finishing process parameters

Magneto-rheological polishing (MRP) fluid was developed by MR fluid using a magnetic field, non-magnetic abrasives such as SiC and Al2O3, and carrier medium like oil. A magnetic polishing tool was developed using a super-strong permanent neodymium magnet (Nd2Fe14B) with 0.5-tesla magnetic intensity. This polishing tool was assembled to the vertical milling machine for the finishing workpieces. In the present research, magnetic materials (steel material) and non-ferromagnetic (copper) content were finishing using a developed MRP setup for experimental investigation. This research also investigated the parametric dependencies of different abrasives on the magneto-rheological finishing process. It determined the effect of magnetic particle concentration and abrasives on the surface roughness of ferromagnetic (stainless steel) and non-ferromagnetic material (copper). The final surface roughness value has reached 30 nm from its initial surface roughness of 800 nm for non-ferromagnetic (copper). For the magnetic material (stainless steel), the value is 50 nm from 1300 nm.

Effect of cavitation bubble on the dispersion of magnetorheological polishing fluid under ultrasonic preparation

In the ultrasonic dispersion process, the ultrasonic cavitation effect can seriously affect the dispersion efficiency of magnetorheological polishing fluid (MRPF), but the mechanism remains unclear now. Through considering the continuity equation and Vand viscosity equation of the suspension, a revised cavitation bubble dynamic model in the MRPF was developed and calculated. The effects of presence or absence of solid particles, the volume fraction of solid particles, and viscosity on the cavitation bubble motion characteristics in the MRPF were discussed. Settlement experiments of the MRPF under ultrasonic and mechanical dispersion were observed. Analysis of particle dispersion is made by trinocular biomicroscope and image processing of the microscopic morphology of the MRPF. The results show that the high volume fraction of carbonyl iron particle (CIP) will significantly weaken the cavitation effect, and the low volume fraction of green silicon carbide (GSC) has a negligible effect on the cavitation effect in the MRPF. When the liquid viscosity is greater than or equal to 0.1 Pa·s, it is inconvenient to produce micro-jets in the MRPF. The sedimentation rate of the MRPF prepared by ultrasonic dispersion is lower than mechanical dispersion when the volume fraction of CIP is between 1% and 25%. The dispersion ratio under ultrasonic dispersion is lower than that under mechanical dispersion. The experimental results fit the simulation well. It offers a theoretical basis for exploring the ultrasonic cavitation effect in the industrial application of the MRPF.