Magnetocaloric Effect Properties Research Articles

The magnetocaloric effect properties for potential applications of magnetic refrigerator technology: a review.

In the pursuit of a clean and environmentally friendly future, magnetic refrigerator technology based on the magnetocaloric effect has been proposed as a replacement for conventional refrigeration technologies characterized by inefficient energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and ozone depletion. This paper presents an in-depth exploration of the current state of research on magnetocaloric effect (MCE) materials by, examining various types of MCE materials and their respective potentials. The focus is particularly directed towards perovskite manganite materials because of their numerous advantages over other materials. These advantages include a wide working temperature range, easily adjustable Curie temperature around room temperature, excellent chemical stability, cost-effective production processes, negligible magnetic and thermal hysteresis properties, as well as competitive values for -ΔSM and ΔTad compared to other materials. Additionally, crucial parameters defining the MCE properties of perovskite manganite materials are comprehensively discussed, both at a fundamental level and in detail.

Remarkable variation in microstructural, thermoelectric, and magnetic properties of CaMnO3 through Ce doping

This work reports several alterations in crystal structure, grain size, electrical resistivity, power factor, and magnetic properties of Ce-substituted Ca1-xCexMnO3 samples (x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10). XRD analysis has showed that all samples present an orthorhombic perovskite structure with Pnma space group. Microstructure of the samples consists of randomly oriented polygonal-shaped grains whose size increases from 6.06 μm to 6.46 μm with Ce content up to 0.04. Electrical resistivity has considerably decreased with Ce doping due to the enhancement of Mn3+/Mn+4 proportions. Power factor of the samples has been noticeably improved by Ce, and the largest value was obtained in x = 0.06 sample (0.35 mW/K2m at 500 °C). A reduction of Néel temperature from 115 to 96 K was determined from magnetization versus temperature measurements which can indicate the antiferromagnetism suppression with increasing Ce-content. In a related manner, magnetocaloric effect properties of the samples have been enhanced in Ce-doped samples.

Systematic studies of the magnetocaloric properties for the La0.65Ca0.25A0.1MnO3 series (A = alkali metal and alkaline earth metals)

We present results of systematic studies of magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in a series of manganites La0.65Ca0.25A0.1MnO3 with Ca substituted by alkali metal (A = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs) and alkaline earth metals (A = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba), i.e. by s-block elements. At first stage we studied La1-xCaxMnO3 for × in the range 0.35–0.4 and we found that the La0.65Ca0.35MnO3 compound was the best starting composition for further fine-tuning the MCE properties by substitution for Ca with A. For each of the La0.65Ca0.25A0.1MnO3 samples an extensive characterization of the physical properties was carried out, including: structural analysis, magnetic susceptibility and magnetization vs applied magnetic field measurements, magnetic phase transition identification by Arrott plots, and finally determination of the isothermal magnetic entropy change −ΔSM. The obtained results indicate a path for searching a compromise composition, i.e. a material exhibiting a reasonable MCE performance at temperatures close to room temperature.

Investigation of Magnetic Entropy Change in Intermetallic Compounds SmNi3−xFex Based on Maxwell Relation and Phenomenological Model

In this study, we investigate the crystal structure, magnetic, and magnetocaloric effect properties in the intermetallic compounds SmNi3−xFex using a phenomenological model based on Landau mean-field theory and Maxwell relation (conventional method). SmNi3−xFex compounds were prepared under high pure argon by arc melting. To minimize the amount of other possible impurity phases, the ingots were heat-treated at 1073 K for seven days. X-ray diffraction (XRD) under and without an applied magnetic field was used for the structural study. Rietveld analysis with FullProf computer code was used to analyze X-ray diffraction data. The magnetization against temperature was measured under several applied magnetic fields. After the partial substitutions of nickel atom with iron one, we notice an increase of cell parameters. In addition, Curie temperature value increases significantly with the increase of iron content. According to the Landau model, SmNi3−xFex compounds exhibit a second-order magnetic phase transition. The magnetic entropy change was determined with theoretical and experimental methods. Finally, a comparison between theoretical magnetic entropy change and the experimental show an agreement between the two methods.

Cd-doping effects in Ni–Mn–Sn: experiment and ab-initio study

Martensitic transformation (MT), magnetic properties, and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in Heusler-type Ni47Mn40Sn13−x Cd x (x= 0, 0.75, 1, 1.25 at. %) metamagnetic shape memory alloys (MetaMSMAs) are investigated, both experimentally and theoretically, as a function of doping with Cd. Ab-initio computations reveal that the ferromagnetic (FM) configuration is energetically more favorable in the cubic phase than the antiferromagnetic (AFM) state in undoped and doped alloys as well. Moreover, it is revealed that the alloys in the ground state exhibit a tetragonal structure confirming the existence of MT, in agreement with the experiments. It was indicated, both in theory and practice, that a reduction of the unit cell volume and an increase of the MT temperature as a function of the Cd doping. Indirect estimations of MCE in the vicinity of MT were carried out by using thermomagnetization curves measured under different magnetic fields up to 5 T. The results demonstrated that the doped alloys exhibit enhanced values of the inverse MCE comparable with those of Ni-Mn-based MetaMSMAs. Maximum magnetic entropy change in a field change of 2 T increases from 3.0 for the undoped alloy to 3.4 and 5.0 for the alloys doped with 0.75 and 1 at.% of Cd, respectively. The inverse and conventional MCE were explored by direct measurements of the adiabatic temperature change under the magnetic field change of 1.96 T. The Cd doping increased the maximum of inverse MCE by nearly 78% from 0.9 K to 1.6 K for the undoped and doped alloys, respectively. The results depicted that Cd doping can effectively tailor the structural, magnetic, and MCE properties of the Ni–Mn–Sn MetaMSMAs.

Effect of Gd doping on magnetic and MCE properties of M-type barium hexaferrite

Gd doped barium hexaferrite (BaFe12−xGdxO19, x = 0.0–0.7) has been synthesized by the sol-gel method to explore its magnetic and MCE (magnetocaloric effect) properties. The materials crystallize to hexagonal magnetoplumbite phase. Average particle size decreases with the increase in Gd concentration in barium hexaferrite (BHF). The coercive field increases from 3.2 to 4.8 kOe, and saturation magnetization decreases from 68.21 to 54.23 emu/g with the increase in Gd concentration from x = 0.0 to x = 0.7. These large changes in magnetic parameters reveal the effect of Gd concentration in BHF. The saturation magnetization monotonously reduces with an increase in Gd concentration in BHF due to a decrease in average particle sizes. The saturation magnetization is found to be higher at a lower temperature (60 K) compared to that of room temperature (300 K). It is due to a reduction in thermal energy at low temperature which is smaller compared to the magnetic Gibbs free energy at low temperature. Hence, the magnetic spins are freezing along the applied magnetic field direction at the low temperature. Also, the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant (obtained by the "Law of Approach to Saturation method") is found to be more at low temperature compared to that of room temperature due to an increase in the strength of spin-orbit coupling with the decrease in temperature (i.e. thermal energy). The M-T curves and M-H hysteresis loops reveal paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition at the Curie temperature. The maximum entropy change was found to be in the range of 0.12–0.72 J/kgK in a window of the applied magnetic field of 0.5–3 T, and the corresponding RCPmax was found to be 2.5–27.5 J/kg. The present study opens a window to explore the MCE on BHF based material.

Excellent cryogenic magnetocaloric performances in ferromagnetic Sr2GdNbO6 double perovskite compound

The solid state magnetic cooling (MC) method by utilizing the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) has been recognized as an environmentally friendly and energy efficiency technology. A huge gap between the developing of MCE materials and the practical MC applications still exists at present. In this work, a combination theoretical and experimental investigation of the Sr2GdNbO6 compound with a typical orthorhombic double perovskite (DP) type structure in terms of structural, magnetic and MCE properties have been reported. Ferromagnetic (FM) interaction with large magnetic moment at ground state has been confirmed in Sr2GdNbO6 DP compound. Excellent MCE performances at cryogenic have been realized in Sr2GdNbO6 DP compound which is accompanied by a second-ordered type magnetic transition from paramagnetic to FM state. The observed large MCE parameters make the Sr2GdNbO6 DP compound attractive for practical cryogenic MC applications.

The spin reorientation and improvement of magnetocaloric effect in HoCr1-xGaxO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5)

The effect of non-magnetic Ga3+ ions doping at HoCrO3 (HoCr1-xGaxO3, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) on the crystal structure, electronic structure, Raman spectra, and magnetic behaviours were systematically investigated. Most strikingly, a new spin-reorientation transition (Γ2 → Γ4 →Γ2) is triggered by Ga3+ doping in HoCrO3, and the spin configuration of Γ4 is obviously displayed in ZFC and FC curves when x > 0.2. According to the XRD analysis, Ga3+ doping reduces the octahedral distortion and changes the lattice parameters, CrO and HoO bond lengths, and a turning point occurs at x = 0.2. Raman spectra further give evidence of the structural changes and suggest that spin-phonon coupling can be mediated by Ga3+ doping, illustrating the weakened effect of Ga3+ doping on the Ho and Cr interaction. The dilution of the competition between CrCr canted antiferromagnetic coupling and Ho-Cr antisymmetric coupling results in the appearance of spin configuration Γ4. Moreover, the Griffiths phase can also be observed and gradually suppressed with doping. These complex magnetic transitions in HoCr1-xGaxO3 are given in a magnetic phase diagram. From the application point of view, Ga3+ doping also improves the magneto-caloric effect (MCE) and refrigerant capacity (-ΔSM = 10.74 J/KgK, and the RC is 416 J/K at 7 T and 10 K for HoCr0.6Ga0.4O3), which sheds some light on how to optimize the MCE properties.

Structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric effect studies of Nd0.6Sr0.4AxMn1-xO3 (A=Co, Ni, Zn) perovskite manganites

The effect of B-site substitution by other transition elements on the structural, magnetic, and magnetocaloric effect properties of Nd0.6Sr0.4AxMn1-xO3 (x = 0.1 and x = 0.2, A=Co, Ni, and Zn) nanopowders has been reported in this study. Auto-combustion sol-gel method was used to synthesize all the nanopowder samples. Room temperature X-ray diffraction shows that all the nanopowders have orthorhombic structure of Pnma space group crystallography, confirming the purity of the single phase. Also, the average nanosized scale of these powder samples is ~ 43 nm, revealing a spherical shape with a packed and homogenous structure. The Mn4+/Mn3+ ratio in these nanopowder compounds is highly dependent on the dopants concentration (x), which shows a significant diminishes as the dopants introduce into the parent compound (Nd0.6Sr0.4MnO3). The decrease in the Mn4+/Mn3+ ratio enhances in the antiferromagnetic (AFM) super exchange interaction (SE) due to the lack of Mn3+— O—Mn4+ ferromagnetic (FM) double exchange (DE). The magnetization measurements indicate that all samples exhibit a ferromagnetic (FM) to paramagnetic (PM) transition with increasing temperature. The Curie temperature (TC) is also affected by the dopants concentrations where considerable decrease has been noticed for all compounds compared to the parent compound. The M-H curves for all compounds reveal PM behavior at 300 K, whereas FM behavior characterized the magnetic hysteresis at low temperature (2 K) which also shows the presence of exchange bias effect. The magnetic entropy change |−∆SMMax| has shown bigger effect for Co dopant (5.92 J/kg.K) compared to Ni and Zn dopants with values of 5.19 J/kg.K, and 4.28 J/kg.K respectively at an applied magnetic field of 9 T. Despite substituting at Mn-site by other transition elements lower the Tc, |−∆SMMax| and RCP, the obtained results are promising for magnetic cooling materials and further investigation.

Magnetocaloric Properties of Ni-Rich Ni50−xCoxMn38Sn12B3 Shape Memory Ribbons

The present study presents the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) properties of Ni-rich Ni50−xCoxMn38Sn12B3 (x = 0, 1, 3, 5) ribbons during both heating and cooling processes. The Co substitution caused an increase of magnetization difference ΔM and hence an improvement of the MCE. An inverse giant magnetocaloric effect (IMCE) and a high effective refrigerant capacity RCeff were observed in the x = 3 ribbons. A high amount of Co (x = 5) content led to an inverse magnetic entropy ΔSM peak with a wide temperature range. Magnetostructural coupling over a wide temperature range is of great importance for technological purposes. On the other hand, the MCE properties were thermal hysteresis dependent, which has to be considered in the technological applications.

Giant Magnetoresistance and Magnetocaloric Effect in Highly Textured Ni45Mn36.5In13.5Co5 Alloys

Herein, the giant magnetoresistance (MR) and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of highly textured Ni45Mn36.5In13.5Co5 alloys are investigated. The Ni45Mn36.5In13.5Co5 alloys are grown using the liquid‐metal‐cooling directional solidification technique. In the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image, unique bamboo‐like transverse stripes perpendicular to the long axis of grains are observed, which may lead to the giant MR of the sample. For the magnetic field change of 10 kOe, the giant MR value at 268 K is ≈−64%, which is rather big among similar bulk alloys. The MCE is evaluated via the magnetic entropy change. In H⊥ and H∥ magnetic fields of 30 kOe, the maximum entropy change is 13.5 and 15.3 J kg−1 K−1, and the effective refrigeration capacity (RC) reaches ≈108 and ≈117 J kg−1. The detailed results indicate that the MCE properties of the studied alloys vary in different directions under a low magnetic field; however, the difference is not very significant under a high magnetic field.

Magnetic properties and magneto-caloric effect (MCE) in Cu22Al18Ho22Tm20Gd18 amorphous ribbons

The magnetic cooling (MC) method developed by using magneto-caloric effect (MCE) of magnetic solids is generally taken as an excellent alternative way to widely used vapor expansion/compression based refrigerator due to its more environmental-friendly and higher energy-efficiency. In present work, systematic investigations of the melt-spun Cu22Al18Ho22Tm20Gd18 amorphous ribbon in terms of glass formation ability, magnetic and MCE properties have been reported. The undercooled liquid region and reduced glassy transition temperature for Cu22Al18Ho22Tm20Gd18 amorphous ribbon reach 28 K and 0.57, respectively. A broad typical ferromagnetic to paramagnetic transition (FM-PM, second ordered) around TC ~ 33.6 K accompanied by a considerable MCE is found in Cu22Al18Ho22Tm20Gd18 amorphous ribbon. The peak magnetic entropy change, temperature averaged entropy change with 5 K lift and refrigerant capacity values for Cu22Al18Ho22Tm20Gd18 amorphous ribbon are 8.70 J/kgK, 8.65 J/kgK and 401.8 J/kg for ΔH = 0–5 T, respectively.

MnAs and MnFeP1−xAsx-based magnetic refrigerants: a review

This paper presents a comparative analysis of MnAs and MnFeP1−xAsx family and its alloys from magnetic refrigeration perspective. A thorough literature review was undertaken and to the best of authors knowledge, all samples (∼100 samples) with their Curie temperature (Tc) in the range 260–340 K have been reported. For contrastive analysis, samples have been grouped based on their structural and experimental conditions such as magnetic field and sample composition etc. For comparative analysis, all variables of magnetocaloric effect (MCE), e.g., Tc, magnetic entropy change (), adiabatic temperature change (ΔTad) and relative cooling power (RCP) have been considered with calculated missing variables, wherever possible. The first objective of this paper was to perform a comparative analysis of different fabrication variables (e.g., particle size, shape, morphology, chemical composition, structure, purity of starting materials, homogeneity, annealing, and synthesis methods) on the overall MCE properties of the aforementioned family. In addition, the best fabrication practices for further improvement in MCE properties are proposed. The second objective was to observe different material’s doping (e.g., Cr, Si, Ge, B) in hysteresis loss mitigation and MCE properties enhancement. Best doping materials were suggested for the compositions, which were displaying optimum MCE properties for further MCE enhancement. Lastly, but most importantly, to propose a high performing magnetic refrigerant by: (1) shortlisting a composition with optimum MCE properties; (2) further enhancement in MCE through adopting best fabrication processes for the said magnetic refrigerant; (3) suggesting best doping material for hysteresis loss mitigation and MCE enhancement; and most importantly (4) fabricating the proposed magnetic refrigerant as a nanostructure; thus, improving MCE properties through broadening of Tc curve.

Magnetocaloric properties of NdxGd5-xSi4Mn0.5Cr0.5 (x = 0.5, 1, 1.5)

In this work, the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of NdxGd5-xSi4M1 (x = 0.5, 1, 1.5, M: Cr and Mn) compounds were evaluated. The compounds consisted of multiple phases: (Nd, Gd)5Si4, (Nd, Gd)5Si3, GdMnSi and Cr with (Nd, Gd)5Si4 as the main phase. The addition of Mn produced the ferromagnetic GdMnSi impurity phase while suppressing nucleation of the antiferromagnetic GdSi phase, which improves MCE properties. All the compounds underwent a second-order transition whose transition temperature decreased with increasing Nd fraction, allowing TC to be tailored as required. The ΔSM|pk values for NdxGd5-xSi4M1 are 4.2 J kg−1 K−1 (at 310 K) for x = 0.5, 3.5 J kg−1 K−1 (at 294 K) for x = 1.0, and 3.28 J kg−1 K−1 (at 273 K) for x = 1.5 with a field change of 0–3 T. The maximum values of ΔTad were 0.73 K (at 273 K) for x = 0.5, 1 K (at 292 K) for x = 1.0, and 1.35 K (at 315 K) for x = 1.5 with a field change of 0–0.8 T, respectively. Thus, although the MCE properties of these compounds were inferior compared with those of Gd, these compounds exhibit a wider operating window and have potential application in a composite refrigerant for the active magnetic refrigeration cycle.

Improvement of magnetocaloric properties around room temperature in (1−x) La0.6Ca0.4MnO3/(x) La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) composite system

ABSTRACTIn this research paper, a detailed investigation is conducted on the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) properties of the two phases (1−x) La0.6Ca0.4MnO3/(x) La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 composite system by experiments and numerical calculations. The polycrystalline manganites La0.6Ca0.4MnO3 and La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 are synthesized by the citric-gel method. Rietveld refinements of the X-ray diffraction patterns show that both samples are single phase. The Curie temperature Tc is found to be 255 and 365 K for La0.6Ca0.4MnO3 and La0.6Sr0.4MnO3, respectively. The study of the temperature dependence of the magnetic entropy change of (1−x)La0.6Ca0.4MnO3/(x)La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 composite indicates that the optimum composition stands for x = 0.6. Indeed, it gives comparable contributions of two parent compounds, leading to a practically uniform variation of entropy over a wide temperature range. The theoretical modeling of the MCE using Landau theory reveals an acceptable concordance with experimental data indicating the importance of magnetoelastic coupling and electron interaction in the MCE properties of manganite systems.

Phenomenological Modeling of Magnetocaloric Properties in 0.75La0.6Ca0.4MnO3/0.25La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 Nanocomposite Manganite

In the current research work, a phenomenological model is applied to describe the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of the two phases 0.75 La0.6Ca0.4MnO3/0.25 La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 composite system. Based on this model, the values of the magnetocaloric properties are predicted from the calculation of magnetization as a function of temperature under different external magnetic fields. A significant MCE is obtained over a large range of temperature compared to those observed in the mother compounds, La0.6Ca0.4MnO3 and La0.6Sr0.4MnO3, making of this material considered as a promising candidate for magnetic refrigeration applications in moderate magnetic fields near room temperature. The results are then compared to those obtained experimentally in our previous work. The excellent agreement observed between both data proves the validity of the adopted model in the estimation of the MCE properties of material under investigation.

Structural, magnetic, critical behavior and phenomenological investigation of magnetocaloric properties of La0.6Ca0.4−xSrxMnO3 perovskite

Structural, magnetic, critical behavior and magnetocaloric properties of La0.6Ca0.4−xSrxMnO3 (x = 0.0, 0.1 and 0.4) compounds have been investigated. Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction patterns indicates that our samples are pure single phase adopting the rhombohedral structure (R-3c) for x = 0.0 and the orthorombic structure (Pbnm) for x = 0.1 and 0.4. Temperature dependence of magnetization curves exhibit a second order paramagnetic (PM)/ferromagnetic (FM) phase transition at Curie temperature Tc. The critical behavior has been determined through the isothermal magnetization measurements around the critical temperature Tc by means of various techniques such as modified Arrott plot (MAP), Kouvel-Fisher (KF) method and critical isotherm analysis (CIA). The results are fully satisfactory to the requirements of the Widom scaling relation and the universal scaling hypothesis confirming their accuracy. A phenomenological model is applied to describe the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) behavior of compounds under investigation. At $$ \mu_{0} H = 5T $$ , the obtained RCP values stand for about 98, 77 and 68% of that observed in pure Gd for x = 0.0, 0.1 and 0.4, respectively, making of these materials considered as promising candidates for magnetic refrigeration applications near room temperature. By analyzing the field dependence of the magnetic entropy change data as well as the relative cooling power, it was possible to evaluate the critical exponent values which were found not only agree with those deduced from (MAP), (KF) and (CIA) methods, but they also obey the scaling theory. Our findings confirm the good correlation between the critical behavior and the MCE properties in manganite systems.

Effect of Low Doped Calcium on the Magnetic Properties of La0.7Ba0.297Ca0.003MnO3 for Magnetocaloric Application

Effect of low doped calcium concentration to the magnetic properties of La0.7Ba0.3MnO3 material has been reported in this paper. This compound was chosen because it has high potential to be applied in electronic devices. The most intensive research in the last decade is about magnetocaloric effect (MCE). Magnetic refrigeration will replace Freon R12 that is used in conventional refrigeration with magnetic material which has MCE properties. It is due to conventional refrigeration produce chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) gases which causes ozone depletion. The magnetic measurement was performed by using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer in the range of temperature between 300-400 K under external magnetic field until 20 kOe. By using derivative of magnetization as a function of temperature of the material’s result, Curie temperature (Tc ) of the material is 332.7 K. By using equation (5) for calculating magnetic field dependence of magnetization at various temperature result, magnetic entropy change value (ΔSM ) of the material can be obtained. The ΔSM of the material is -2.928 Jkg-1K-1. The material has highest magnetic entropy change value around its Tc . It is due to there is strong lattice spin coupling around its Tc and would be weak at below and above its Tc .

Large magnetic entropy change and magnetic field dependence of critical behavior studies in La0.7Bi0.05Sr0.15Ca0.1Mn0.95In0.05O3 compound

A detailed study of the structural, magnetic and magnetocaloric effect properties in polycrystalline manganite La0.7Bi0.05Sr0.15Ca0.1Mn0.95In0.05O3 is presented. Based on the magnetic-field dependence of magnetization at various temperatures, the sample showed a single ferromagnetic (FM) - paramagnetic (PM) transition at around 310 K. Under an applied field μ0H = 5 T, The maximum value of magnetic entropy change (ΔSMmax) of the sample around TC is equal to 6 J/kg.K, corresponding to the relative cooling power (RCP) value which reached 258 J/kg. These values are comparable to those of some conventional magnetocaloric (MC) materials, and reveal the applicability of the La0.7Bi0.05Sr0.15Ca0.1Mn0.95In0.05O3 material in magnetic refrigeration. According to the static magnetization, the critical behavior has been studied near the second-order transition in different field ranges. The Kouvel-Fisher procedure performed on the sample over different ranges of field fitting confirmed the tricritical mean-field model. The obtained critical exponents not only obey the Widom relation, but also follow the scaling equation with the magnetization data that can collapse into two different curves below and above TC. This confirms the reliability and accuracy of the exponents.

Landau mean-field analysis and estimation of the spontaneous magnetization from magnetic entropy change in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 and La0.7Sr0.3Mn0.95Ti0.05O3

In this work, we present the research results of magnetocaloric property and spontaneous magnetization on polycrystalline compounds of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 and La0.7Sr0.3Mn0.95Ti0.05O3. The magnetic entropy change ΔSM has been determined by two methods: Maxwell relation and Landau theory. The analysis of the ΔSM using the Landau theory are consistent with the experimental ones, indicating the importance of magneto-elastic coupling and electron interaction in the magnetocaloric effect properties of manganite. The critical exponents determined by analyzing the magnetic entropy change are close to the mean-field values. Moreover, the spontaneous magnetization determined using the entropy change is consistent with that deduced from the Arrott curves, confirming that the utilization of the magnetic field dependence of magnetic entropy change to determine the spontaneous magnetization is a valid method.