Magnetic Foreign Body Ingestion Research Articles

Magnetic foreign body ingestion in pediatric age

ObjectivesTo assess the clinical complications reported after the ingestion of magnetic foreign bodies (FBs) in pediatric age, along with their incidence among all FB ingestions and clinical presentation. Study designWe've consecutively recruited all children aged 0–14 years who were admitted for single or multiple magnet ingestion from May 2015 to December 2022. Patient demographics, admission sources and discharge status were accurately recorded, along with their clinical management and outcomes. ResultsSixty-one children were enrolled, of whom 49/61 (80.3%) had ingested a single magnet and 12/61 (19.7%) multiple magnets. Only 1/49 children with single magnet required endoscopic removal due to esophageal retention. Among children having ingested multiple magnets, 5/12 (41.7%) undergo endoscopic removal since magnets were amenable to endoscopic retrieval whereas in 7/12 (58.3%) magnets could not be promptly removed. Among these, 4/12 (33.3%) later developed intestinal ischemia/necrosis or perforation and required FB surgical intervention whereas 3/12 (25%) uneventfully evacuated magnets. ConclusionsOur data confirm that multiple magnet ingestion, unlike single magnet ingestion, pose a serious health hazard. Parents and caregivers should remove them from the reach of children. Medical providers should maintain a high index of suspicion of their ingestion since prompt evaluation and likely removal may be lifesaving and intestine saving.

Magnetic perforation: Why we say NO to kids

Foreign body ingestion is common among children. It is alarming when it is a magnetic foreign body as it can cause interloop attraction resulting in perforation, fistulas and or volvulus. This case report presented 2 cases of magnetic foreign body ingestion by children. The first child had a history of FB ingestion and presented with signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction. The parents of the second child gave no history of FB ingestion which might have caused the delay in diagnosis and treatment. The FB ingestion was confirmed by abdominal radiography in both cases and the patient recovered well after the reparation of perforation sites in an exploratory operation.

Multidisciplinary management of gastrocolic fistula post ingestion of multiple magnetic beads: a case report

Foreign body ingestion is quite common in pediatric population, and these cases are usually difficult to manage due to delay in diagnosis. Ingestion of multiple magnetic foreign bodies together is very dangerous and can lead to serious complications like bowel obstruction, fistula and even death. Urgent endoscopic retrieval followed by surgical exploration, if required remains the best approach for removing multiple ingested magnets, thus preventing further injury to the gastrointestinal tract. We report a case of a 2-year-old child who developed a gastrocolic fistula following the ingestion of multiple magnetic beads, which remained undiagnosed weeks after ingestion. Most of the magnetic beads were successfully retrieved endoscopically, however a few remained despite extensive search. Hence the patient underwent emergency laparotomy which showed a gastrocolic fistula, was subsequently repaired after removal of remaining magnetic beads remaining magnetic beads from the colon.

Management of multiple magnetic foreign body ingestion in pediatric patients

BackgroundMultiple magnetic foreign body ingestion in children is increasingly common and can cause serious injury. The present study aimed to analyze the clinical features of such cases and summarize treatment experiences.MethodsA retrospective survey of 91 patients in the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine with magnetic foreign body ingestion from October 2018 to October 2021 was performed, the data were collected including the clinical information of the patients, treatment details, and prognosis.ResultsTwenty-two (24.2%) patients were conservatively treated, with the foreign bodies discharged through the anus, 31 (34.1%) underwent laparoscopic surgery, including 18 cases converting from laparoscopic surgery to laparotomy, and 38 (41.8%) underwent laparotomy. In 13 (14.3%) patients, the foreign bodies were partially removed by gastroscope. The remaining foreign bodies were removed by laparoscopy in six patients, including three cases converting from laparoscopy to laparotomy, by laparotomy in four patients, and by conservative treatment in three patients.ConclusionsMultiple magnetic foreign body ingestion can cause significant harm to patients and different clinical techniques must be used for patients in different situations to reduce the harm to children.

Inhalation and ingestion of magnetic foreign bodies in a toddler with persistent cough—a case report

: Inhalation and ingestion of foreign bodies are common emergency presentations in paediatric otolaryngology. Here we present a case of an incidental finding of simultaneous ingestion and inhalation of small magnets in a 21-month-old following a history of worsening cough. The initial diagnosis was thought to be a viral upper respiratory tract infection, however, due to the persistence of symptoms, a chest x-ray was obtained, which revealed two foreign bodies in the location of the left main bronchus. The first attempt at endoscopic removal of foreign bodies using laryngoscopy, bronchoscopy and oesophagoscopy (LBO) was unsuccessful due to a complete occlusion of the left main bronchus by a significant mass of friable granulation tissue precluding visualisation of the foreign bodies. An urgent computed tomography (CT) scan was obtained to further delineate the location of the foreign bodies; this, unfortunately, was limited by streak artefacts but raised the possibility of the foreign bodies being in both the airway and the oesophagus. Given the potential of a fistula and the close proximity of the objects to the carina, median sternotomy with cardiopulmonary bypass was planned for retrieval and reconstruction if endoscopic retrieval failed. Repeat endoscopy successfully retrieved two magnetic ball-bearings measuring 6mm in diameter each. One was located in the left main bronchus and the other in the oesophagus. To our knowledge, this is the first case in Australia described of two foreign bodies entering the airway and digestive tract at the same time. We discuss the presentation, diagnosis and management of this case including the diagnostic dilemma encountered and the involvement of multidisciplinary teams. This case highlights the importance of having a high clinical suspicion of foreign body inhalation/ingestion in paediatric patients presenting with prolonged unexplained respiratory symptoms and no resolution with standard treatment.

Multiple magnetic foreign body ingestion in pediatric patients: a single-center retrospective review.

Foreign body (FB) ingestion is increasingly common in children, and ingestion of multiple magnetic FBs can cause serious injuries. This study aimed to identify the clinical features and management options of such cases. A retrospective review was conducted of 35 pediatric patients diagnosed as having ingested multiple magnetic FBs. The main clinical manifestations were abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever. Of the 35 patients, 6 (17.1%) were conservatively treated and the remaining 29 (82.9%) were surgically treated. Of those who were surgically treated, 26 underwent exploratory laparotomy and 3 underwent laparoscopic surgery that was switched to open surgery. Intestinal structure and function were restored without complications in patients who underwent successful perforation repair following removal of multiple magnetic FBs. Ingestion of multiple magnetic FBs can lead to intestinal perforations, bowel strangulation, and necrosis. Accordingly, timely diagnosis and effective management of multiple magnetic FB ingestions in pediatric patients are of paramount importance to reduce further complications.

Surgical treatment of multiple magnet ingestion in children: A single-center study.

BACKGROUNDSince 2017, the number of magnet ingestion cases has increased year over year in our hospital. Almost all of the ingested magnetic foreign bodies were magnetic beads, and most of the patients experienced intestinal perforations, causing substantial damage.AIMTo summarize our experience with surgical treatment of multiple magnet ingestion in children.METHODSThe data for general surgeries were collected from January 2010 to April 2020, and the clinical characteristics, treatment methods, and outcomes were summarized and analyzed. Several typical cases were selected and discussed.RESULTSFifty-six cases of ingested magnetic foreign bodies were collected, of which 47 were magnetic beads. The average patient age was 4.7 ± 3.0 years old. The number of ingested magnetic foreign bodies ranged from 2 to 73. There were 26 cases with symptoms at the time of admission, including two cases of shock. Thirteen patients were discharged successfully following conservative treatment and 43 were treated by surgery. Laparotomy was the main method of operation. Laparoscopy was used in four cases, of which three were converted to open surgery, and one was treated successfully using surgery through the navel. Postoperative complications occurred in seven cases, incision infections were observed in six, and adhesive ileus was observed in one.CONCLUSIONClinicians need to summarize their experiences with treating magnetic foreign body ingestions in detail and carry out clinical research to reduce the damage to children.

Multiple magnetic foreign bodies causing complex intestinal fistula

Abstract Foreign body ingestion is a common occurrence in young children. Majority are associated with low morbidity [1]. The magnetic foreign body ingestion related injuries have increased in last decade. These are associated with significant morbidity [2]. We describe a case of one such multiple small magnets ingestion resulting in formation of complex fistula between stomach and two loops of small intestine. Child had to undergo laparotomy.

Digestive Tract Injuries Caused by Ingested Foreign Bodies Containing Magnets

We report on 16 children with ingestion of magnetic foreign bodies, who were identified by a medical record review of our hospital data for the time period between January, 2017 and May, 2018. Digestive tract wall was sandwiched in 13 (75%) children and 11 (74%) had gaptic intestinal perforation.

Magnet ingestion by children: A retrospective study in a medical center in Taiwan

The ingestion of multiple magnets may lead to severe complications including bowel obstruction, perforation, fistula, peritonitis, short bowel syndrome, life-threatening injuries, and even death. The annual case number of high-powered neodymium magnets ingestion has been increasing in the western world and the dearth of available data demonstrates that this issue has been neglected in Taiwan. We searched the electronic medical records of our institution for patients younger than 18 years old who were diagnosed with, who had ever visited our emergency department, or been hospitalized for magnetic foreign body ingestion between January 2009 and March 2018. Demographic data including the number, shape, and size of magnets ingested, the clinical presentation, type of intervention, and complications were reviewed. Thirteen patients who met the enrollment criteria were analyzed. One patient was documented between 2009 and 2013, and twelve were documented between January 2014 and March 2018. Five of the cases documented between 2014 and 2018 had ingested Buckyballs. The median age of the patients was 5 years. All of the patients with clinical symptoms had ingested more than one magnet and required endoscopic or surgical intervention. Bowel perforation or deep ulcer with impending perforation was found in three patients during surgery. The number of children who visited our emergency department or were hospitalized due to the ingestion of magnets has increased recently. The presence of high power of neodymium magnets in many products increases the risk of ingesting multiple magnets resulting in serious complications. Therefore, stricter policies are needed to prevent children from obtaining products that contain magnets.

Accidental multiple magnet ingestion by an adult: a case report

Accidental multiple magnetic foreign body ingestion although common in children is rare in adults. Multiple magnetic foreign body ingestion possess a definitive risk of causing intestinal perforation, volvulus or fistulas and requires early surgical intervention even in apparently asymptomatic individuals to prevent catastrophic complications. We report a case of an 18 year old male with a history of accidental simultaneous ingestion of two semi-circular shaped magnets along with a nail. The peculiarity of the case being that despite the magnets being simultaneously ingested, one was in the stomach and the other in the jejunum adhered to each other through the transverse colon mesentery causing pressure necrosis of the adjoining wall with the patient being asymptomatic.

Endoscopic retrieval of magnetic foreign body ingestions with a nasal bridle: description of a novel technique (with video)

Accidental and intentional foreign body ingestions are common and frequently require endoscopic intervention. Sharp metallic objects pose a risk of perforation to the entire GI tract and are often difficult to visualize among food and other matter in the stomach. Three patients with histories of multiple ingestions are considered. Metallic foreign bodies can be easily removed using a nasal bridle. A snare and magnetic catheter are used as endoscopic tools to extract various metallic items. The bridle technique was used in 68 endoscopies in 3 patients who presented numerous times for foreign body ingestions. The technique was successful in 66 of the 68 procedures, with no adverse events. The bridle technique is an easy and effective way to remove metallic foreign bodies and has many advantages over traditional, mechanical modes of foreign body retrieval.

A case of magnetic foreign body ingestion in a child showing atypical X-ray imaging findings

A case of magnetic foreign body ingestion in a child showing atypical X-ray imaging findings

A case of magnetic pharyngeal foreign body in children

Ingestion of magnetic foreign bodies is an increasing problem in the pediatric emergency in recent years.The majority of these injuries are ingestions involving the gastrointestinal tract, stomach, esophagus etc.Ingestion of multiple magnets has a high risk of bowel injury such as perforation or fistula. It needs us to pay attention to early assessment and appropriate intervention. Magnetic foreign bodies are usually from toys, a small part from medical instruments or accessories etc. It is infrequently reported that magnetic foreign body lodge in the hypopharynx, because the shape of it is spherical, button and a glaze surface. Now we have a case of magnetic foreign body involving hypopharynx.

Transmesocolic double gastro-enteric fistulas due to ingestion of 28 magnets

Abstract Introduction Accidental ingestion of magnetic foreign bodies has become more common due to increased availability of objects and toys with magnetic elements. The majority of them traverse the gastrointestinal system spontaneously without complication. However, ingestion of multiple magnets may require surgical resolution. Magnet ingestion usually does not cause serious complications, but in case of multiple magnet ingestion or ingestion of magnet and a metal object, it could cause intestinal obstruction, fistula formation or even perforation. Case report We report case of a transmesocolic double gastro-enteric fistula formation following ingestion of 28 small magnets in a 17 months old boy. No history of foreign body ingestion could be obtained from parents therefore the patient was treated conservatively in a pediatric clinic for vomiting, dehydration, upper respiratory tract infection and suspicion of upper digestive tract bleeding. After 48 h he was sent in our clinic for surgical evaluation. Intraoperatively double transmesocolic gastro-enteric fistula was found. After separation of de gastric and enteral walls, resection of gastric wall and intestinal segment containing the two perforations was performed, followed by gastric suture in two layers and entero-enteric anastomosis. A total of 28 magnets were removed from the stomach and small intestine. Conclusion Single magnet ingestion is treated as non-magnetic foreign body. Multiple magnet ingestion should be closely monitored and surgical approach could be the best option to prevent or to cure its complications.

Magnetic foreign body ingestion in pediatric patients: report of three cases

BackgroundAlthough foreign bodies (FBs) typically pass spontaneously and uneventfully through the digestive tract, a subset of such bodies may become trapped, eventually leading to significant injury. In particular, the ingestion of magnetic materials can cause serious morbidity due to proximate attraction through the intestinal wall.Case presentationWe recently treated three pediatric patients who had ingested several magnetic foreign materials. None of these patients exhibited any clinical symptoms or signs suggestive of surgical abdomen. Moreover, it was difficult to determine a definite diagnosis and a treatment plan due to limitations in history taking and radiologic examination. After admission to the hospital, these patients underwent surgery for the following reasons: (1) failure to spontaneously pass ingested foreign materials; (2) sudden-onset abdominal pain and vomiting during hospitalization; and (3) gastric perforation incidentally discovered during gastroduodenoscopy. Subsequently, all patients were discharged without complications; however, their conditions might have been fatal without surgery at an appropriate time.ConclusionsAs the clear identification about the number and characteristics of ingested magnets via radiographic examination or patient history appears to be difficult in pediatric patients, close inpatient observation would be required in any case of undetermined metallic FB ingestion. Patients who are confirmed to have ingested multiple magnets should be regarded as conditional surgical patients, although their clinical conditions are stable.

Magnetic Foreign Body Ingestions.

Magnets are inherently attractive to young children, but present a risk when ingested. If consumed alone, small, smooth magnetic foreign bodies are likely to pass without significant event; however, ingestion of multiple magnets may have catastrophic consequences, including bowel perforation, obstruction, peritonitis, and death. Increasing reports of morbidity and mortality in recent years from the US National Electronic Injury Surveillance System has led to numerous safety statements from the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as several product recalls from the Consumer Product Safety Commission. This article presents the background and mechanism of injury of magnet ingestion, as well as recommended management and potential complications. We also review current legislation and opportunities for further patient advocacy regarding this polarizing problem.

Magnetic Foreign Body Ingestions.

Magnetic Foreign Body Ingestions.

Pediatric multiple magnetic foreign body ingestion: 3 cases report and literature survey

Objective To enhance awareness of the dangerous of multiple magnets ingestion in children and to explore the optimal treatment of it. Methods The clinical data of 3 cases with multiple magnet ingestion were retrospectively studied based on literature review. Results Ingestion of multiple magnets(range: 2-5 magnets) magnets occurred in 3 cases.Age ranged from 1 to 8 years old.Magnet sources included: 2 from children′s family, 1 from their kindergarten.All patients had several bowel perforations(range: 2-4). One case was completed by laparoscopic, 1 case was converted to open suegery after laparoscopy, 1 case was done by open surgery.All cases got complete recovery after surgical treatment, and no complications occurred by follow-up. Conclusions Ingestion of multiple magnets may show minimal initial physical manifestations at beginning but may result in significant complications later.Two or more magnets separated from each other along the gastrointestinal tract can attract each other across bowel walls, with may result in pressure necrosis, bowel perforation, and fistulas formation and even death.Early surgical consultation with an aggressive surgical approach is recommended.Family and society should be aware of the dangers of magnet ingestion. Key words: Magnet; Foreign body; Child

Ingestion de corps étrangers aimantés chez l’enfant : enquête multicentrique française

Digestive complications related to the ingestion of magnetic foreign bodies in children are increasing, especially in Asia and North America. In France, several case reports have been reported since 2008. We conducted a retrospective multicentric study to evaluate the frequency of ingestion of magnet foreign bodies and to describe the complicated cases that have occurred in France over the last 5 years. We report 40 cases of which 60% were multiple magnet ingestions. Eighty-eight percent of the children of the group who had swallowed multiple magnets needed interventional management by endoscopy (33%) or surgery (58%). Only two children (12.5%) of the group who swallowed one magnet required removal. This problem is not uncommon in France (2% of the 1132 foreign bodies investigated in the Toulouse center over 5 years), which justifies clear information for healthcare professionals and caregivers in order to avoid potential intestinal complications. We suggest interventional management or very close monitoring in the cases of multiple magnet ingestion. Meanwhile, in the majority of confirmed cases of simple magnet ingestions, we propose home monitoring.