Magnetic Electrode Research Articles

High-performance ratiometric magnetic electrochemical sensor for acetamiprid detection using Ag@PDA@Fe3O4 nanocomposites

Acetamiprid (AAP) is a renowned neonicotinoid insecticide for swift insect control that is prone to residue in agricultural products and threatens human health. Magnetic electrochemical sensor (MES) was developed for high-precision detection of AAP based on silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) and polydopamine (PDA) modified Fe3O4 nanocomposites (Ag@PDA@Fe3O4). The electrochemical signals generated by AAP hydrolysis and AgNPs oxidation are respectively used as two special signal sources. An increase in AAP concentration led to a proportional increase in the signal from AAP hydrolysis at +0.9 V (IAAP), while the signal from AgNPs oxidation at +0.27 V (IAg) correspondingly decreased. The output signal ΔIAAP/ΔIAg (R2=0.9890) demonstrates a superior linear relationship compared to ΔIAAP (R2=0.9790) or ΔIAg (R2=0.9740) alone. MES demonstrated a broad linear detection range from 0.01 to 2.00 mg L−1 and an impressive limit of detection (LOD, 3S/M) at 3.6 µg L−1. The incorporation of magnetic glassy carbon electrodes (MGCE) significantly mitigates the detachment of nanomaterials. MES has excellent stability and selectivity, and can successfully detect AAP in actual cowpea samples. This study provides pivotal insights into the design of nanomaterial-based ratiometric electrochemical sensors for the sensitive and selective detection of AAP.

Interface defect state induced spin injection in organic magnetic tunnel junctions

This article analytically explores defect assisted spin injection in organic magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) [x/rubrene/Co, x = La2O3, LaMnO3, La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 (LCMO), La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO)] employing nonequilibrium Green’s function (NEGF). Spin precession at ferromagnet (FM)/organic semiconductor (OSC) interface defect states have been considered while modeling the MTJ devices. Variations in voltage dependent parallel (RP) and antiparallel (RAP) resistances have been attributed to modified spin dependent scattering at modified spin resolved density of states of magnetic electrodes. Moreover, change in distribution of defect state depths at a spin injection interface has also been observed to modify RP/RAP, and hence, tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) across the devices. Localization of defect state distribution due to a high spin split band may have resulted in large TMR for La2O3 devices. Nonlinear spin transfer torque (STT) in devices other than LSMO indicates compensation of spin damping, resulting in a high TMR response across the devices. Hence, the localization of defect state distribution and the choice of magnetic electrodes with high spin split bands may be exercised to realize spintronic devices for low power spin memory applications.

Single-molecule Magnets (SMM) spin channels connecting FeMn antiferromagnet and NiFe ferromagnetic electrodes of a tunnel junction

The integration of single-molecule magnets (SMMs) into magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) offers significant potential for advancing molecular spintronics, particularly for next-generation memory devices, quantum computing, and energy storage technologies such as solar cells. In this study, we present the first demonstration of SMM-induced spin-dependent properties in an antiferromagnet-based MTJ molecular spintronic device (MTJMSD). We engineered cross-junction-shaped devices comprising FeMn/AlOx/NiFe MTJs. The AlOx barrier thickness where the exposed junction edges meet was comparable to the SMM length, facilitating the incorporation of SMM molecules as spin channels for spin-dependent transport. The SMM channels enabled long-range magnetic moment ordering around molecular junctions, which were precisely engineered via fabrication processes. The SMM, composed of a [Mn6(μ3-O)2(H2N-sao)6(6-atha)2(EtOH)6] (H2N-saoH = salicylamidoxime, 6-atha = 6-acetylthiohexanoate) complex, featured thioester groups at the ends that upon hydrolysis they form bonds with the magnetic electrodes. SMM-treated junctions demonstrated a significant current enhancement, reaching up to 7 μA at an input voltage of 60 mV. Furthermore, SMM-doped junctions exhibited current stabilization in the μA range at lower temperatures, whereas the bare electrodes showed current suppression to the picoampere range. Magnetization measurements conducted at 55 K and 300 K on pillar-shaped devices revealed a reduction in magnetic moment at low temperatures. Additionally, Kelvin probe atomic force microscopy (KPAFM) measurements confirmed that SMM integration transformed the electronic properties over long ranges.These findings are attributed to the spin channels formed between magnetic metal electrodes, which enhance spin polarization at each magnetic electrode. Our research highlights the potential of using antiferromagnetic materials, characterized by minimal stray fields and zero net magnetization, to transform MTJMSD devices.

Electrostatically self-assembled magnetized MXene/copper ferrite nanospheres hybrids: Evaluation of molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for the quercetin antioxidant supplement

Quercetin, a bioflavonoid with significant biological activities, is beneficial for health. Herein, a pioneering molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor utilizing an MXene/CuFe2O4 magnetic nanosphere hybrid was developed for the first time to detect quercetin ultra-sensitively. CuFe2O4 nanospheres (average 189 nm) were synthesized and combined with MXene sheets, then electrostatically deposited onto a magnetic carbon paste electrode. A functional monomer was then electropolymerized onto this hybrid-modified electrode to form an imprinted polymeric layer, tailored for quercetin binding. Characterizations confirmed the morphological and magnetic properties of the materials. The sensor’s response factors were optimized, achieving a low detection limit of 1.6 nM and two linear ranges (0.005–0.7 μM and 0.7–10 μM). The sensor showed excellent stability, repeatability, reproducibility, and selectivity, and was successfully used to quantify quercetin in dietary supplements.

Design of non‐contact capacitive displacement detection methods for magnetic levitated sphere

AbstractTo meet the demand for non‐contact displacement detection of magnetic levitation spheres, single‐ended and differential variable electrode distance capacitance displacement detection schemes are designed in this paper. For these two schemes, finite element simulation models are established in COMSOL Multiphysics software to obtain the relationship between the test capacitance and the displacement of the magnetic levitation sphere. In the single‐ended scheme, there is a non‐linear relationship between the test capacitance and the position of the levitated sphere, and this non‐linearity becomes more significant as the sphere moves away from the electrode plate. In contrast, in the differential scheme, the test capacitance and the displacement of the levitated sphere follow a linear relationship, but the test sensitivity decreases with the expansion of the measuring range. The simulation results of the differential scheme have been verified by building a spherical displacement detection simulator, and thanks to the mature development of capacitive detection circuits, the scheme is expected to achieve better than nanoscale displacement detection resolution in the 6.6 mm displacement range of a magnetic levitation sphere in the future.

Restricted-Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence biosensor of low excitation potential carbon quantum dots driven by magnetic Metal-Organic frameworks for sensitive immunoassay of neuron specific enolase

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of highly efficient and non-toxic carbon quantum dots (CQDs) plays an important role in immunoassays. However, the high absolute value of the excitation potential and poor controllability make precise detection of low levels difficult. In this work, novel CQDs with low excitation potential were reported to be used for the ultra-sensitive immunoassay of neuron-specific enolase (NSE). It is noteworthy that the narrow bandgap CQDs exhibit a trigger potential of −0.5 V and show excellent applicability of ECL signal at an excitation potential of −0.8 V. This property eliminates side reactions and electrode passivation and significantly improves ECL efficiency. Based on this, the magnetic zeolite-imidazole framework (MZIF) nanoreactor with co-reaction acceleration was employed as a carrier for the in-situ encapsulation of CQDs. The constrained-enhanced ECL sensor platform demonstrated the ability to achieve stable and controllable signal output. A sandwich-type biosensor was constructed by introducing copper sulfide (Cu7S4) as a dual-mechanism quencher, with NSE serving as the target analyte. Moreover, the electrochemical detection method based on the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) properties of Cu7S4, was successfully validated against ECL. The sensors constructed on magnetic electrodes exhibited a bimodal signal output of ECL and DPV, encompassing a wide detection range (0.001 ng/mL − 500 ng/mL) and low detection limit (0.18 pg/mL for ECL and 0.15 pg/mL for DPV). This design offers a novel approach to understanding the efficient emission of carbon dots and provides a solution for the sensitive detection of biomarkers in clinical research.

Spin-transport across semi-crystalline polyvinylidene fluoride thin films in Ta/Co/PVDF/NiFe pseudo spin-valve devices

Room temperature magnetoresistance (MR) across semi-crystalline polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) thin films in Ta(2 nm)/Co(15 nm)/PVDF/NiFe(28 nm) pseudo-spin-valve devices (PSVs) are systematically investigated by varying PVDF thicknesses from 80 − 230 nm and applied bias voltages up to 100 mV. NiFe, Ta/Co magnetic bottom and top electrodes, and PVDF thin films are deposited by DC magnetron sputtering and spin-coating methods. The structural, microstructural, and magnetic natures have been evaluated using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and magneto optic kerr effect systems. Electrical characteristics reveal a maximum MR of ∼0.25 % at 60 mV bias voltage across PVDF-80 nm and ∼0.08 % across PVDF-230 nm & PVDF- 120 nm devices. A constant MR is found across all the devices up to 100 mV applied bias voltages. In addition to the electrical spin injection evaluation, coplanar waveguide ferromagnetic resonance measurements are utilized to validate the spin injection into PVDF layers by estimating the Gilbert damping parameters of NiFe and PVDF/NiFe bilayers. Furthermore, low MR in PSVs is discussed with the parallel spin-dependent conducting channels corresponding to PVDF’s amorphous, alpha, and beta crystalline phases.

Magnetoresistance and Magnetocapacitance Effect in Magnetic Tunnel Junction with Perpendicular Anisotropy of Magnetic Electrodes Tb22−δCo5Fe73/Pr6O11/Tb19−δCo5Fe76

This paper presents the results of studies of the effects of magnetoresistance and magnetocapacitance in magnetic tunnel junctions [Formula: see text]Co5[Formula: see text]/Pr6[Formula: see text]/[Formula: see text]Co5[Formula: see text] with perpendicular anisotropy of magnetic electrodes and a paramagnetic barrier layer. Experimentally measured values of tunnel magnetic resistance and tunnel magnetic capacitance in such contacts exceed 100% at room temperature. The paper analyzes the effect of magnetization reversal of one of the electrodes on the conductivity of magnetic tunnel junctions with electrodes that have perpendicular anisotropy. It is shown that significant changes in tunnel magnetic resistance and tunnel magnetic capacity in such contacts can be explained by the separation of electrons with major and minor spin polarization in the inverse nanolayer in the interface region. The separation of polarized electrons is caused by the magnetomotive force acting on the electron spin in a strongly gradient magnetic field. Such a magnetomotive force occurs with antiparallel magnetization of the magnetic electrodes and it has opposite directions for major and minor polarized electrons. As a result of the spatial separation of polarized electrons in the inversion layer, an inhomogeneous distribution of the electron density along the direction of magnetization of the magnetic contacts occurs. As a result, an additional Coulomb barrier between the magnetic electrodes and the dielectric nanolayer appears in the tunnel contacts and an additional spin capacitance appears.

A new sensitive layer based on clcinated Zn/Ti-MOF/magnetic molecularly imprinted polypyrrole: Application to preconcentration and electrochemical determination of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid by magnetic carbon paste electrode

In this research, a new approach based on magnetic electrodes has been developed for the determination of per-fluorooctane sulfonic acid (PSOF). Zinc and Titanium-based Metal-organic framework (MOF) was synthesized and used with polypyrrole as a conductive polymer for preparation of the absorbent to achieve the best performance for electrochemical application. The response of the electrode for determination of the PFOS was affected and optimized by different factors such as buffer solution, pH of the solution, amount of absorbent, extraction time of absorbent, accumulation time, as well as the Square Wave Voltammetry (SWV) instrumental parameters including voltage step, pulse amplitude, frequency and resting time. In the optimum condition, the response of the Zn/Ti/C-MOF-magnetic molecular imprinting polymer/carbon paste electrode (MOFMMIP/CPE) has increased logarithmically by increasing the concentration in the range of 0.002–165 μM by the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.7 nM. The obtained percentage of Recovery (96.00–104.14 %), Bias (–4.00 - 4.14 %) and Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) (1.89–3.74 %) for determination of the PFOS in real and spiked tap water, river water and well water samples demonstrates that the proposed method has an acceptable precision. The comparison between the gained data by the presented method and High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that the presented method has high accuracy.

Van der Waals Magnetic Electrode Transfer for Two-Dimensional Spintronic Devices.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are promising candidates for spintronic applications. Maintaining their atomically smooth interfaces during integration of ferromagnetic (FM) electrodes is crucial since conventional metal deposition tends to induce defects at the interfaces. Meanwhile, the difficulties in picking up FM metals with strong adhesion and in achieving conductance match between FM electrodes and spin transport channels make it challenging to fabricate high-quality 2D spintronic devices using metal transfer techniques. Here, we report a solvent-free magnetic electrode transfer technique that employs a graphene layer to assist in the transfer of FM metals. It also serves as part of the FM electrode after transfer for optimizing spin injection, which enables the realization of spin valves with excellent performance based on various 2D materials. In addition to two-terminal devices, we demonstrate that the technique is applicable for four-terminal spin valves with nonlocal geometry. Our results provide a promising future of realizing 2D spintronic applications using the developed magnetic electrode transfer technique.

A magnetically fixed bifunctional monomer molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor for specifically identifying thiabendazole in food

A magnetically fixed bifunctional monomer molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor (MIP/MMOF@g-C3N4/L-Aas/MGCE) was constructed to selective detection thiabendazole (TBZ). Fe3O4 modified by sulfonic acid group (–SO3H) acted as magnetic core to attract Co2+ to initiate the growth of ZIF-67 (MMOF). Graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (g-C3N4) were doped into MMOF by inherent amino groups to prepare integrated magnetic ECL luminophore (MMOF@g-C3N4). MMOF@g-C3N4 was immobilized on the surface of magnetic glassy carbon electrode (MGCE) by using the superparamagnetism of Fe3O4, which enhanced the stability and reusability of ECL system. Sodium ascorbate (L-Aas) acted as co-reactant accelerators to further enhance ECL intensity. MIP prepared with TBZ as template molecule and o-phenylenediamine (oPD)/resorcinol (RS) as bifunctional monomers contained more imprinting sites, which can enhance the adsorption performance. The luminescence mechanism of magnetic ECL system was investigated, and the specific recognition mechanism of MIP recognition system was deeply explored. The linear range of the method was 1 × 10−9–5 × 10−5 mol L−1, and the detection limit was 3.77 × 10−10 mol L−1. A good recovery rate (80.08%–96.82%) was obtained in the actual sample detection, which was basically consistent with the detection results of High Performance Liquid Chromatography.

A spin-injected ferroelectric tunnel junction based on spin-dependent screening theory

In this work, spin transport in ferroelectric tunnel junctions with composite barriers and magnetic electrodes is investigated theoretically using spin-dependent screening theory. The shape of the insulator barrier and the electronic structure of the ferromagnetic electrode inevitably affect the spin transport properties. Interestingly, we find that when the Fermi level approaches the bottom of the minority-spin band of the electrode, an approximately ±100% bidirectional spin-filtering effect can be realized due to the included exchange potential with an appropriate electronic band structure of electrodes. Additionally, electrically induced magnetic reconstruction would occur on the electrode surface due to spin-dependent band bending. Our study significantly deepens the current understanding of spin-dependent screening on metal surfaces and at metal/ferroelectric interfaces and provides a feasible method for achieving the interface magnetoelectric effect.

Insight on magnetic nitrogen-doped graphene oxide composite electrode constructing heterogeneous Electro-Fenton system for treating organophosphorus pesticide wastewater

The treatment of organic phosphorus pesticide (OPP) wastewater faces challenges such as incomplete degradation and low reaction efficiency. While heterogeneous electro-Fenton (Hetero-EF) has emerged as the preferred technology for addressing these issues due to its high treatment efficiency, further optimization is still necessary. This study used a one-pot hydrothermal method to prepare magnetic nitrogen-doped graphene oxide (Fe3O4@N-GO) composite electrodes to construct a novel Hetero-EF system. Dimethoate (DIM) was chosen as the representative pollutant to investigate the effects of parameters such as current density, pH, electrode spacing, and loading amount on degradation efficiency. The results demonstrated complete degradation of DIM within 40 min. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and intermediate product analysis revealed that the reactive sites for DIM degradation were the P=S and P=S bonds, involving both hydrolysis and •OH pathways, with a decrease in toxicity of degradation products observed. Compared to graphite electrodes, Fe3O4@N-GO composite electrodes significantly increased H2O2 production, achieving complete DIM degradation even after 5 cycles, with a phosphate conversion rate of 30–40 %. This study highlights the innovative strategy of the Hetero-EF system in its significant application value for OPP treatment.

Ultrasensitive detection of PSA in human serum using Label-Free electrochemical biosensor with magnetically induced Self-Assembly based on α-Fe2O3/Fe3O4@Au nanocomposites

To achieve the goals of early diagnosis, screening, and precision medicine for prostate cancer, this research designed a label-free electrochemical biosensor by combining magnetic probes (PSAA/α-Fe2O3/Fe3O4@Au) with magnetically induced self-assembly (MISA) technology to explore the application of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in precise detection. Magnetic α-Fe2O3/Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were constructed using a hydrothermal-calcination reduction method. Subsequently, α-Fe2O3/Fe3O4@Au nanocomposites were prepared by reducing HAuCl4 with NaBH4 at a low temperature. The self-assembly method was adopted in two steps: firstly, the sulfhydryl-modified PSA aptamer is immobilized onto the material surface using Au–S bonds; secondly, the magnetic NPs and magnetic glassy carbon electrode (MGCE) undergo self-assembly. The biosensor showed good linear response in the range of 100 fg/mL to 100 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 0.78 pg/mL (S/N = 3) under optimal conditions. Repeatability, stability, selectivity, reproducibility, and the capability to analyze real samples were also investigated. With its cost-effectiveness, operational simplicity, and speed of analysis, the biosensing system platform holds great potential as a valuable tool in clinical PSA detection for point-of-care testing (POCT).

Electrochemical Immunosensor for Simultaneous Detection of Oral Cancer Dual Markers Based on a Functionalized Magnetic Electrode and a Photoelectric-Material-Doped Nanoalloy

Electrochemical Immunosensor for Simultaneous Detection of Oral Cancer Dual Markers Based on a Functionalized Magnetic Electrode and a Photoelectric-Material-Doped Nanoalloy

Significant effects of magnetic electrodes on rhenium phthalocyanine molecules

The investigation focused on examining the spin polarization and thermal spin polarization transport characteristics of dual rhenium phthalocyanine (Re2PC2) molecular junctions. This analysis was conducted using first-principles density-functional theory and the non-equilibrium Green's function approach. Calculations were performed on molecular junctions in two configurations: one at a non-magnetic electrode (Au) and the other at a magnetic electrode (Ni). A comparison of the spin transport properties of the two electrodes shows significant differences. The magnetic electrode has a notable effect on the spin-polarization and thermal spin-polarization transport properties of the devices. In contrast, the nickel electrode bis-phthalocyanine rhenium molecular device exhibits perfect spin/thermal spin-filtering efficiencies in a parallel structure. The properties of the dual phthalocyanine rhenium molecular devices were significantly affected by the nature of the electrodes. This makes dual rhenium phthalocyanine molecular junctions have great potential for the development of high-performance multifunctional spintronic and spin caloritronic devices.

Magnetic nanoparticles-based electrochemical aptasensor for the detection of enrofloxacin in chicken

Enrofloxacin (ENR) is widely applied in preventing and treating animal diseases and hence directly passed into animal-derived foods. Therefore, the detection of this drug in food samples must be strengthened to ensure food safety. In this work, a simple, sensitive electrochemical aptasensor for the detection of ENR was fabricated by using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as carriers. The ENR aptamer was modified on the surface of MNPs to capture the ENR target or a biotin-complementary strand and then recognize streptavidin-horse radish peroxidase. Subsequently, the resulting MNPs were easily transferred onto the surface of magnetic glassy carbon electrode with the help of its integral magnet. Under optimal experimental conditions, a linear relationship between the variable of LSV current and the logarithm of ENR concentration in the range of 0.01–100 ng/mL was obtained with the limit of detection at 4.9 pg/mL. In addition, this method exhibited good stability, selectivity, reproducibility and was successfully applied in detecting ENR in spiked chicken samples with recoveries of 100.70%–108.96%. The proposed method is easy to fabricate and process; it is particularly suitable for food sample pretreatment and is beneficial in removing the interference of a complex matrix.

Single-shot fast cinematic imaging during merging process of multiple electron filaments in electrostatic potential well.

For the first time, details of the spatial and temporal acceptable evolution of the merging process of co-rotating electron vortices in a potential well are successfully captured using a "single-shot method" with a high temporal resolution of 10 µs. Four-electron filaments are trapped inside the Beam eXperiment-Upgrade linear trap [H. Himura, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. A 811, 100 (2016)] with a uniform axial magnetic field and co-axial multi-ring electrodes. Images of non-emitting electron filaments are captured using a high-speed camera with up to 1 000 000fps, a microchannel plate, a fast-decay phosphor screen of which fluorescence duration is 0.15 µs, and a super fine metallic mesh with an open area ratio of 89%. Images captured every 10 µs clearly show the growth of multiple short-wave instabilities in the wing trailing electron vortices. The experimental methods and measurement techniques presented in this paper can contribute to revealing exactly how small vortices evolve into a large structure or turbulence in a potential well through complex processes.

Magnetic CNT-based electrode for efficient electro-adsorption of uranium

Various magnetic carbon materials have been employed for nuclide adsorption, yet there exists a research gap concerning their application in electro-adsorption for nuclide removal. In this study, a magnetic carbon nanotube nanocomposite (Fe3O4/CNT) was successfully synthesized as an electrode material through the hydrothermal method, involving the modification of minute Fe3O4 nanoparticles onto the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNT). Electrochemical assessments revealed that the Fe3O4/CNT nanocomposite exhibited a higher specific capacitance compared to Fe3O4 and CNT individually. The HRTEM image reveals a heterojunction structure formed directly between Fe3O4 and CNT, which facilitates electron transmission. The Fe3O4/CNT nanocomposite was utilized as an electrode in a capacitive deionization (CDI) device for U (VI)-contaminated wastewater purification. Experimental results demonstrated that the maximum U (VI) adsorption capacity of the Fe3O4/CNT electrode reached 287.53 mg/g at 298 K, and the adsorption process conformed to the Langmuir isotherm model. Kinetic analysis further indicated that the adsorption of U (VI) by Fe3O4/CNT followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Additionally, the Fe3O4/CNT nanocomposite was transformed into a flowable electrode liquid and applied in a flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) system for U (VI) removal from aqueous solutions. Leveraging its superparamagnetic properties, the Fe3O4/CNT flow-electrode within the FCDI system could be rapidly recovered via a straightforward magnetic separation procedure. Notably, after nine consecutive runs of the FCDI device, the Fe3O4/CNT flow-electrode successfully concentrated a low-concentration U (VI) solution of 120 mg/L into a high-concentration solution of 1230 mg/L, thereby achieving the goal of water resource conservation and reduced storage requirements.

Construction of a label-free electrochemical biosensing system utilizing Fe3O4/α-Fe2O3@Au with magnetic-induced self-assembly for the detection of EGFR glycoprotein

A label-free electrochemical biosensing system was developed for the sensitive detection of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which was frequently overexpressed in lung cancer, breast cancer, and glioblastoma. Magnetic Fe3O4/α-Fe2O3@Au nanocomposites were utilized as the signal amplifiers and for the immobilization matrix of specific probes (ssDNA-APT) in the biosensors. The Fe3O4/α-Fe2O3@Au/ssDNA-APT biosensors were formed through Au–S binding on this matrix and were immobilized onto a magnetic glassy carbon electrode (MGCE) using magnetic-induced self-assembly. The performance of the EGFR detection system was verified using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The system exhibited a wide linear range from 0.1 ng/mL to 1000 ng/mL (R2 = 0.9947), with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.18 ng/mL. Furthermore, the repeatability, stability, selectivity, and ability for real sample analysis were investigated. With its simplicity and reliability, this biosensing system has the potential to be developed as a valuable tool in clinical EGFR detection, offering a promising candidate for point-of-care (POC) testing.