Luteinizing Hormone In Women Research Articles

Toxoplasmosis and Luteinizing Hormone in Women with and without Recurrent Abortion in Baghdad

To determine the overlaps of toxoplasmosis infection with serum luteinizing hormone level (s. LHL); we carried out this study on Baghdad women who suffered recurrent spontaneous abortion. Herein, a group of pregnant women aborted once (group I), and a second group who had multiple abortions (group II) were compared with a third group of normal pregnant women, which involved to serve as a control (group III). All were conducted to the Public Al- Karakh Hospital in Baghdad, Capital of Iraq, and subjected to have positive and negative-IgG tests, and s. LHL test. Out of 45 patients of the first group, 53% have shown a non-significant increase value of positive-IgG, while 47% of those patients had a negative-IgG stayed within normal, if compared with normal pregnancy women. 73% of the second group have displayed a significant increase of positive-IgG level, and the corresponding s. LHL was significantly high. In addition, notable significant elevation of s. LHL recorded from the second group who had negative-IgG. These results might reveal a significant contribution of hyper s. LHL to the repetition of spontaneous abortion occurrence in Baghdad.

Evidence for Insulin Suppression of Baseline Luteinizing Hormone in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Normal Women

In women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), the relationship of insulin to LH secretion and responses to GnRH remains unresolved. A rigorous analytical examination of this relationship has not been performed. Our objective was to determine the relationship of basal LH secretion and responses to GnRH, insulin, and other endocrine variables in normal and PCOS women. In PCOS and normal women, mean composite 12-h LH secretion was analyzed for correlating factors. LH responses to varying doses of GnRH during a fixed rate of insulin infusion and LH responses to a fixed dose of GnRH during varying doses of insulin infusion were analyzed for contributing factors. Eighteen PCOS and 21 normal women underwent studies of frequent blood sampling and GnRH stimulation before and during insulin infusion at the General Clinical Research Center, University of California, San Diego. Group mean composite 12-h LH levels were assessed with respect to other endocrine variables. In addition, LH responses to GnRH with or without insulin infusion were assessed. In normal women, insulin negatively predicted mean LH. In PCOS, the combined effect of body mass index (negative) and testosterone (positive) predicted LH. The best predictor of LH was body mass index and insulin combined. Basal LH and LH responses to GnRH were unaltered by insulin infusion in normal women. These measures were reduced during insulin infusion in PCOS women. In PCOS, insulin infusion suppresses pituitary response to GnRH. In normal women, insulin negatively correlates with mean LH and suppresses GnRH response at a high infusion rate.

The relationships between blood lead levels and serum follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

The relationships between blood lead levels and serum follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone were assessed in a nationally representative sample of women, 35–60 years old, from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The blood lead levels of the women ranged from 0.7 to 31.1 μ g/dl. The estimated geometric mean was 2.2 μ g/dl, and the estimated arithmetic mean was 2.8 μ g/dl. As the blood lead level increased across women, the concentration of serum follicle stimulating hormone increased in post-menopausal women, women who had both ovaries removed, and pre-menopausal women. The concentration of follicle stimulating hormone decreased in pre-menopausal women who were taking birth control pills. The concentration of luteinizing hormone increased as blood lead level increased in post-menopausal women and women who had both ovaries removed. The lowest concentrations of blood lead at which a relationship was detected were 1.7 μ g/dl for follicle stimulating hormone and 2.8 μ g/dl for luteinizing hormone. The increase in follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in women with no ovaries indicates that lead may act at a non-ovarian site in the female reproductive system, along with a possible effect on the ovaries.

Genetic variant of luteinizing hormone in women with a history of recurrent miscarriage.

Because the biological and clinical significance of a genetic variant of luteinizing hormone (LH) is unclear, we therefore evaluated the occurrence of variant LH in women with a history of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and related it to specific LH concentrations, luteal function and pregnancy outcome. Of the 85 RSA women, 30 (35.3%) had variant LH (28 heterozygous and two homozygous), and 55 women (64.7%) a normal wild-type LH ratio. These frequencies are similar to those reported from the general Finnish population. No significant differences were observed in specific LH concentrations based on LH status (7.2+/-1.4 IU/l, mean +/- SEM, variant LH, versus 8.5+/-1.6 IU/l, wild-type LH). Variant LH was twice as common in women with body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2 (9/15, 60.0%) than in those with BMI < or =25 kg/m2 (21/70, 30.0%, P < 0.05). The presence of variant LH was not associated with any clear effect on endocrine variables such as endometrial maturation or mid-luteal phase oestradiol and progesterone concentrations. During follow-up, 23 women with variant LH (76.7 %) and 41 with wild-type LH (74.5%) became pregnant: 14 miscarried (21.9%, six with variant LH and eight with wild-type LH) and two had ectopic pregnancies, whereas 48 (75.0%) succeeded (17 with variant LH and 31 with wild-type LH). LH concentrations before pregnancy were similar in women with a successful outcome (8.0+/-1.3 IU/l) or with a miscarriage also in that pregnancy (7.4+/-1.4 IU/l). In conclusion, variant LH is common in RSA women who are relatively overweight (BMI > 25 kg/m2) but its presence is not reflected in endometrial maturation and miscarriage rates.

Dose-related suppression of serum luteinizing hormone in women by a potent new gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (Ganirelix) administered by intranasal spray

To determine if the GnRH antagonist (GnRH-a) Ganirelix (Syntex Research, Palo Alto, CA), administered by intranasal (IN) spray to normal women, is absorbed into the systemic circulation and suppresses LH secretion. A single center, open label, nonrandomized, dose-escalation study. Academic research environment. Normal female volunteers ages 23 to 43 years. Ganirelix was administered as a single dose by IN spray. The administered doses and the number of women receiving each of them were 0.1 mg (n = 1), 0.3 mg (n = 1), 1 mg (n = 2), 3 mg (n = 5), and 6 mg (n = 5). Blood samples were collected from -15 minutes to 24 hours after dosing. Serum concentrations of Ganirelix and LH. Ganirelix was absorbed rapidly. The mean time to maximal serum levels in the 3- and 6-mg groups was 0.67 and 0.53 hour, respectively. Mean serum LH levels were suppressed by > or = 35% relative to baseline from 2 to 12 hours after dosing in both groups. The mean maximal percent decrease in serum LH was -62% (at 8 hours after dosing) and -74% (at 6 hours after dosing) in the 3- and 6-mg groups, respectively. Single dose IN administration of 3 or 6 mg of Ganirelix suppressed serum LH levels in women, further enhancing the potential clinical utility of this potent GnRH-a. This is the first clinical report of a GnRH-a reducing the secretion of a pituitary gonadotropin when administered by an IN delivery system. Based on the duration and extent of LH suppression observed in this study, Ganirelix, administered by twice daily IN spray, may be effective for the treatment of gonadal hormone-dependent disorders in women.

Luteinizing hormone in women is secreted in superimposed pulse patterns.

1. The pulsatile nature of luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion has recognized physiological and clinical importance, but because of the difficulties with statistical analysis of serial data the precise nature of this pulsed signal is poorly understood. Several groups have noted small-amplitude, high-frequency pulses superimposed on large slower pulses, but, using conventional methods of analysis, it is not possible to distinguish these from assay variation or to characterize them. 2. In an alternative approach we have applied the methods of time series analysis which identify the harmonic patterns within data. Twenty-four healthy women in the early follicular phase of the cycle had blood samples taken at intervals of 1, 5 or 10 min for up to 6 h. 3. We found that LH secretion consists of superimposed harmonics of varying amplitude which occur in frequency bands of about (a) 1-3 h and (b) 2-3 min. Investigations excluded a reproducible pulsatility in our LH assay, implying that the small fast pulses are physiological events. 4. We conclude that LH release is highly complex and that the methods of time series analysis permit identification and characterization of the multiple pulses.

Modulation of luteinizing hormone immunoreactivity and bioactivity by dopamine but not norepinephrine in women

It has been suggested that changes in bioactive luteinizing hormone in women occur toward midcycle and may result in increased bioactive/immunoreactive luteinizing hormone ratios. To determine whether dopamine or norepinephrine modulate immunoreactive and bioactive luteinizing hormone secretion, 15 ovulatory women were studied in the mid to late follicular phase. Dopamine in two doses (0.5 μg/kg/min and 4 μg/kg/min) and norepinephrine, 0.1 μg/kg/min, were infused for 4 hours, and metoclopramide, 10 mg intravenously, was also given to determine whether dopamine receptor antagonism results in changes. Bioactive luteinizing hormone and the bioactive/immunoreactive luteinizing hormone ratio increased in women from the early to late follicular phase (p < 0.05). Both intravenous doses of dopamine resulted in significant decrements in immunoreactive luteinizing hormone (20 ± 2 and 20 ± 3%, p < 0.02) and bioactive luteinizing hormone (36.7% and 43.2%, p < 0.05). With dopamine there was also a significant decrease in the bioactive/immunoreactive luteinizing hormone ratio (p < 0.02). Intravenous norepinephrine, however, resulted in no changes in either immunoreactive or bioactive luteinizing hormone levels. Metoclopramide also did not change immunoreactive or bioactive luteinizing hormone levels. These data suggest that although endogenous dopaminergic blockade may not play a significant role in determining basal levels of luteinizing hormone, decreases in dopamine at the pituitary level may increase the bioactive/immunoreactive luteinizing hormone ratio. Norepinephrine does not appear to exert major changes in immunoreactive or bioactive luteinizing hormone.

Abnormal Patterns of Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone in Women with Luteal Phase Deficiency

Luteal phase deficiency is usually a problem of inadequate progesterone production associated with inadequate ovarian follicular development. The hypothesis that luteal phase deficiency results from an abnormal secretion pattern of luteinizing hormone (LH) was tested in these women. To this end, the early follicular LH secretion pattern in four women with luteal phase deficiency was characterized and compared with patterns in normal women. Blood samples were obtained through indwelling catheters every ten minutes for eight hours (10 AM to 6 PM), and plasma levels of LH and FSH were measured. Luteinizing hormone and FSH secretion profiles were analyzed for pulse frequency, amplitude, and mean plasma level. A significantly greater LH pulse frequency in women with luteal phase deficiency was observed when compared with the frequency in normal controls (luteal phase deficiency, 10.5 pulses/eight hours; normal, 5.2 pulses/eight hours; P less than or equal to .05). The mean FSH concentration was less in the women with luteal phase deficiency, but the level was not significant. These data suggest that the abnormal LH secretion pattern observed in women with luteal phase deficiency is responsible for their inadequate luteal phase progesterone secretion and their infertility.

Elevated bioactive luteinizing hormone in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome

Serum measurements of bioactive (bio) luteinizing hormone (LH), immunoreactive (i) LH, iLH/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ratios, serum androgens and estradiol (E2) were determined in 20 women with the clinical diagnosis of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO), and compared with the levels of 10 women with chronic anovulation (CA) and 10 control subjects in the early follicular phase. Women with CA and control subjects had similar levels of E2, androgens, bioLH, iLH, and iLH/FSH ratios. Fourteen of 20 women with PCO had levels of iLH exceeding 3 standard deviations (SD) of the levels of control women (21 mIU/ml), and 13 of 20 had iLH/FSH ratios above 3.2 (3 SD of control levels). Nineteen of 20 women, however, had bioLH levels above 70 mIU/ml (3 SD of control levels). Mean levels for bioLH were 131 +/- 18 in PCO, 39 +/- 3 in control subjects, and 40 +/- 3 in women with CA. The ratio of bioLH/iLH was 3.5 +/- 0.4 in control subjects and 3.2 +/- 0.3 in women with CA but significantly elevated in PCO (4.6 +/- 0.4, P less than 0.05). There was, however, a significant positive correlation between bioLH and iLH values in PCO (r = 0.64, P less than 0.01). A significant correlation was found between bioLH and serum testosterone as well as between bioLH and serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) (P less than 0.05), although no correlation was found between iLH and serum DHEA-S. Weight and obesity also did not correlate with either iLH or bioLH in women with PCO and CA. These data suggest that bioLH may be an important hormonal marker in the clinical diagnosis of PCO.

Metabolic clearance rates of luteinizing hormone in women during different phases of the menstrual cycle and while taking an oral contraceptive.

The MCR of human LH (hLH) was determined in five healthy young women by the continuous iv infusion of purified pituitary hLH to steady state levels in serum. Each woman was studied on three occasions: once each during the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle, and a third time after a brief (8–12 days) course of a combination oral estrogen/progestagen agent to suppress the endogenous production of hLH. The immunoreactive hLH in serum at steady state was indistinguishable from the purified hLH infused in terms of apparent molecular size, as determined by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and parallel dose-inhibition curves in the hLH RIA. Steady state levels of hLH in serum were achieved in 60-80 min and ranged from 660–1330 ng/ml (LER-907 standard). The MCR of hLH was slightly more rapid in the luteal phase [22.8 ± 2.0 ml/min-m2 (mean ± SEM)[ than in the follicular phase (20.5 ± 1.6 ml/min-m2; P < 0.02, by paired t test). The MCR of hLH during estrogen/progestagen administration (22.2 ± 1.6 ml/m...

L-Dopa effect on prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone in women with advanced breast cancer: A preliminary report

l-Dopa, 250 mg. every 4 hours for 48 hours, followed by 500 mg. every 4 hours for 48 hours, was administered orally to 3 women with advanced cancer who had painful bone metastasis. Serum prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormane, growth hormone, estrone, estradiol, estriol, and progesterone as well as urinary 17-ketosteroids and 17-hydroxysteroids were determined daily. Complete remission of bone pain occurred in 2 patients. Serum prolactin levels fell by 51.2 and 49.2 per cent, respectively, in these 2 patients. No change in bone pain occurred in the third patient; serum prolactin also failed to change in this patient. No other consistent laboratory changes were noted. These data suggest that l-dopa may act through suppression of prolactin to effect clinical remission of breast cancer in some patients.

Plasma levels of luteinizing hormone in women and in rats as measured by bioassay.

SUMMARY Plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) in normally cyclic women during the menstrual cycle and in rats during the oestrous cycle were measured by bioassay. With the human subjects, it was possible to establish a mid-cycle peak of LH and correlate it with basal body temperature, while with the rats a peak of LH secretion was noted between 15.00 and 19.00 h on the day of pro-oestrus. The levels of LH in both groups of subjects were of the same order as those measured by other assay techniques.

Periovulatory levels of plasma progesterone and luteinizing hormone in women.

ABSTRACT Plasma LH and progesterone levels were measured around the time of ovulation in 16 normal menstrual cycles. No increased levels of progesterone were found before the LH peak. The maximal LH peak levels lasted for 16–20 h at which time the plasma progesterone rose to a concentration of 1 to 2 ng/ml. Following the fall in the LH concentration, there was a rapid rise in the plasma progesterone concentration, indicating the formation of a corpus luteum. The lowest basal body temperature coincided with the first significant rise in LH levels.

PERIOVULATORY LEVELS OF PLASMA PROGESTERONE AND LUTEINIZING HORMONE IN WOMEN

Journal Article PERIOVULATORY LEVELS OF PLASMA PROGESTERONE AND LUTEINIZING HORMONE IN WOMEN Get access Elof Johansson, Elof Johansson Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Leif Wide Leif Wide Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Acta Endocrinologica (Norway), Volume 61, Issue 1_Supplement, Aug 1969, Page S214, https://doi.org/10.1530/acta.0.061S214 Published: 01 August 1969