Lung Function In Farmers Research Articles

Pesticide exposure and lung function: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Epidemiological studies have reported associations between pesticide exposure and respiratory health effects, but the quantitative impact on lung function is unclear. To fill this gap, we undertook a systematic review of the available literature on the association between pesticide exposure and pulmonary function. To examine all available literature regarding the relationship between occupational and environmental exposure to pesticides and lung function. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science databases to 1 October 2017 without any date or language restrictions using a combination of MeSH terms and free text for 'pesticide exposure' and 'lung function'. We included studies that met the criteria of our research protocol registered in PROSPERO, and we assessed their quality using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Of 2356 articles retrieved, 56 articles were included in the systematic review and pooled in meta-analyses for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC), FVC and FEV1. There was tentative evidence that exposure to cholinesterase (ChE) inhibiting pesticides reduced FEV1/FVC and no evidence that paraquat exposure affected lung function in farmers. Respiratory surveillance should be enhanced in those exposed to ChE-inhibiting pesticides which reduced FEV1/FVC according to the meta-analysis. Our study is limited by heterogeneity between studies due to different types of exposure assessment to pesticides and potential confounders. Further studies with a more accurate exposure assessment are suggested.

Correlation of Cholinesterase Levels to Lung Function in Farmer Exposed by Organophosphate Pesticides in Sukorambi Village, Jember Regency

Abstract
 
 Most of the Indonesia population work as a farmer. Pesticides are used in agriculture sector for pest and plant diseases. Pesticides can cause intoxication. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 1-5 million cases of pesticides poisoning among agricultural workers occur in developing countries. Indonesia pesticide poisoning cases reach 771 cases. Organophosphate enter the body through inhalation. Organophosphate pesticides work systemic to inhibit the cholinesterase enzyme causing lung function disorders. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation of cholinesterase levels to lung function in farmers exposed to organophosphate pesticides in Sukorambi Village, Jember Regency. This is an observational analytic study using a cross sectional design. Cholinesterase levels test using the DGKC method to determine the presence of poisoning, while for lung function test using spirometry with FVC, FEV1 and FEV1 / FVC ratios as parameters. The results of the test in 30 samples showed 14.33% (4/30) abnormal cholinesterase levels or decreased. Lung function test showed 20% (6/30) had obstructive disorders, 43.33% (13/30) restrictive disorders and 36.67% (11/30) were normal. Data analysis using chi square showed a significant relationship (p = 0.049) between cholinesterase levels and lung function. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the level of cholinesterase to decrease in pulmonary physiology of farmers exposed to organophosphate pesticides in Sukorambi Village, Jember Regency.
 
 Keyword :Organophosphate, cholinesterase level, lung function

Chronic Bronchitis, COPD, and Lung Function in Farmers: The Role of Biological Agents

Farmers have an increased risk of respiratory morbidity and mortality. The causal agents have not been fully established. In a cross-sectional study of 4,735 Norwegian farmers, we assessed respiratory symptoms and lung function. Atopy was assessed in a subsample (n = 1,213). Personal exposures to dust, fungal spores, actinomycete spores, endotoxins, bacteria, storage mites, (1-->3)-ss-D-glucans, fungal antigens, organic dust, inorganic dust, silica, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide were measured for 127 randomly selected farms. Compared to crop farmers, livestock farmers were more likely to have chronic bronchitis (odds ratio [OR], 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4 to 2.6) and COPD (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.7). FEV(1) (-41 mL; 95% CI, -75 to -7) was significantly reduced, but FVC (-15 mL; 95% CI, -54 to 24) was not. Exposure to most agents were predictors of respiratory morbidity, except FVC. Ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and inorganic dust were most strongly associated in multiple regression models adjusted for coexposures, but the effects of specific biological agents could not be assessed in multiple regression models because they were too highly correlated. Farmers with atopy had a significantly lower FEV(1) (OR, -87 mL; 95% CI, -170 to -7), but atopy was not directly associated with chronic bronchitis, COPD, and FVC. However, the effects of farming and specific exposures on COPD were substantially greater in farmers with atopy. Livestock farmers have an increased risk of chronic bronchitis, COPD, and reduced FEV(1). Ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, inorganic dust, and organic dust may be causally involved, but a role for specific biological agents cannot be excluded. Farmers with atopy appear more susceptible to develop farming-related COPD.

Acute Changes in Lung Function in Farmers Exposed to Grain Dust

As reported from previous cross-sectional studies, grain farmers have increased prevalence of respiratory symptoms and lower lung function values than do rural-dwelling, non-farming men (Dosman et al., 1987). A pilot study was conducted to determine acute changes in lung function in farmers exposed to high level of dust during shoveling cereal grain (composed of wheat, barley, oats, and canola seed) in a grain storage facility (granary). Twenty-two male grain farmers (mean age ± S.D., 39.8 ± 10.5 years) and 22 age-matched, non-exposed control subjects (39.7 ± 10.5 years) participated in the study. Grain farmers and control subjects were similar in height, weight, and smoking habits. Prior to shoveling grain in the granary, farmers completed a respiratory questionnaire and had spirometry measurements taken by a technician. Following shoveling grain, farmers had repeat spirometry and completed a questionnaire ascertaining acute symptoms. Two spirometry measurements were also made on control subjects. The mean time period between two spirometry measurements in control subjects (107.2 ± 38.5 min) was greater than was the mean time between measurements for men shoveling for grain (76.0 ± 29.8 min). The exposed grain farmers had a greater period change in lung function measurements in comparison to the control subjects. Similar results were observed after allowing for the differences in the time period between two sequential spirometry measurements in the grain farmers and control subjects. Mean acute respiratory symptom scores were significantly greater in the exposed grain farmers than in the control subjects. Further studies are required to examine the physiological mechanisms of changes in lung function in farmers acutely exposed to grain dust.

Study of bronchial hyperreactivity and loss of lung function in farmers

Study of bronchial hyperreactivity and loss of lung function in farmers

Respiratory health risks in farmers.

Editorials1 September 1981Respiratory Health Risks in FarmersDONALD W. COCKCROFT, M.D., JAMES A. DOSMAN, M.D.DONALD W. COCKCROFT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JAMES A. DOSMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-95-3-380 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFarmers may be at risk to develop several respiratory health disorders as a result of inhalation of substances suspended in their environment. Despite the large numbers of farmers in Canada and the United States, information on their respiratory health status remains limited (1-3) and epidemiologic studies relating respiratory symptoms to lung function in farmers have just begun (4, 5). Recent work has suggested that workmen in the cereal grain storage and transporting industry are at risk of developing obstructive pulmonary disease (6-9), and because farmers are exposed to grain dust, they too may be at risk.There seems little doubt...