Lumped Component Model Research Articles

Compact triple band bandpass filters design using mixed coupled resonators

In this paper a study on designing Triple Band (TB) Bandpass Filter (BPF) by exploiting Triple Mode Resonator (TMR) is presented. By connecting stepped impedance and radial stubs in a categorical manner, a TMR can be obtained which is the basic component for designing this TB BPF. Microstrip lines are tapped over the resonator to work as feed lines and also to generate transmission zeros. The TMRs are Mixed Electric and Magnetic Coupled (MEMC) which help in generating additional Transmission Zeros (TZs) around passbands. As verification, a TB BPF is designed, fabricated and measured. In the designing process, first, a Dual Band (DB) BPF is designed and analyzed completely with the help of even-odd mode analysis. Extraction of lumped component model for the DB BPF is done in order to study the circuit model of the filter. Then the work is extended to design a Triple Band-Band Pass Filter. The fabricated filters offer an advantage in terms of compact size, low insertion loss, good inter band isolation and harmonic suppression.

Measurement and Analysis of Power Noise Characteristics for EMI Awareness of Power Delivery Networks in 3-D Through-Silicon Via Integration

The 3-D-stacked large-scale integration (3-D-LSI) chips provide densely integrated capacitance and low impedance in vertically and horizontally distributed power delivery networks. This paper proposes a 3-D-LSI with superior electromagnetic interference (EMI) characteristics. A three-tier 3-D-LSI demonstrator integrated with through-silicon vias is manufactured. Self-interfering EMI suppression characteristics are captured by an embedded in-stack monitoring system and explained by a simple lumped component model including the entire test structure. Electromagnetic leakage, which affects other devices, is also characterized by the model. Chip evaluation and the model show good EMI characteristics, which arise from local shunting by a vertically integrated decoupling capacitor and from implicit capacitance.

Pad‐to‐pad isolation of vertical interconnects using magnetically aligned anisotropic conductive adhesive

AbstractSelf‐alignment of vertical interconnects using a magnetically aligned anisotropic conductive adhesive (MA‐ACA) is a unique method, which is useful in high‐density electronic applications.This material is created by magnetic interaction between loading conductive particles in an epoxy medium. To analyze electromagnetic interference between adjacent I/O pads, a lumped component model was suggested, consisting of shunt capacitance, parallel capacitance, series resistance, series inductance, and coupling capacitance. The equivalent circuit model was validated through the measurement of test samples with MA‐ACA interconnects. Also, the pad‐to‐pad isolation of the MA‐ACA was compared to that of lead/tin solder connections. As a result, at high frequencies the pad‐to‐pad isolation of the MA‐ACA interconnects was observed to be mainly degraded by a larger coupling capacitance due to the presence of metallic interconnects at a transition region. Therefore, a packaging approach using the characterized RF performance of the MA‐ACA interconnects is expected to be designed for high‐density electronic circuitry. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:2606–2610, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27153

Rectangular coils optimization for wireless power transmission

Wirelessly coupled coils are crucial for efficient power transmission in various applications. Previous design methods are only eligible for improving the efficiency of circular or square coils. This paper presents a method of characterizing and optimizing rectangular coils used in inductively coupled systems. After setting up a lumped component model for inductive coils, the efficiency can be expressed in terms of geometrical parameters of the coils. Subsequently, the power efficiency can be plotted versus these parameters in Matlab, thus getting the desired coils for optimum power transfer. With this design procedure from mathematical optimization, we eventually designed two rectangular coils spaced 10 mm apart, which achieves a power transmission efficiency of 46.4% at a frequency of 3 MHz. The design methodology is verified by simulation and measurement.

Modeling the Behavior of HTS Terahertz RSQUIDs

In previous work we looked in detail at simulations of our HTS Resistive DC SQUIDs (RSQUIDs) using a lumped-component model and neglecting step-edge junction capacitance. These can now be made with junctions that have a high product of critical current and normal resistance ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">c</sub> <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">R</i> <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">J</sub> ) and so the Josephson frequency can be above 1 THz. This calls for a more refined model of the device, which we will present here. The RSQUID series resistor is represented as a distributed combination of resistance and inductance, rather than simply a resistor in series with its self inductance. We now include junction capacitance, as the Stewart-McCumber parameter can be close to unity. We treat the RSQUID loop as a co-planar stripline, rather than as an inductor. We report a range of simulations with these enhancements to the model and comment briefly on the results in relation to potential applications of RSQUIDs as active microwave devices.

Equivalent circuit model of GaAs MMIC-coupled planar spiral inductors

The article describes a lumped component model which accounts for coupling between inductors in GaAs MMIC design. The model was developed using a full-wave approach. The validity of the proposed circuit has been successfully tested. Experimental results are reported to validate the model. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Microwave Millimeter-Wave CAE 7: 318–326, 1997.

Pulse wave numerical analysis

The general deterioration of the arterial system is well recognized but not easily measured. Leg pulse waves, generated by the electric impedance plethysmograph, would seem to be a promising method. This study is a mathematical analysis of these pulse waves from the legs. The data were taken from a previous study by the same authors. That study analyzed the pulse waves using a frequency analysis (Fourier) and a lumped component model of the circulatory system. Blood pressure became clinically very meaningful when a number could be assigned to it. This study is being done to determine if a numerical value could be assigned to different types of pulse waves. If this can be done it would furnish a new tool for analyzing the peripheral circulation and peripheral atherosclerosis. This would offer another method for analyzing therapeutic endeavors that affect the circulatory system. These pulse waves were from a rather homogeneous group of generally healthy white males. The subjects were arranged according to age: ages 5–11, ages 19–24, 36–45, ages 55–62, and ages 74–91. This present analysis involves an advanced mathematical analysis done by a computer. The first graph (4a) - sine amplitude vs age - showed a sloping line which intersects the abscissa at about age 100. The second graph (4b) - notch (of the downstroke of the pulse wave) vs age - showed a sloping line intersecting the age line at about age 100. Thus, these calculations suggest that the untreated circulatory system is programmed to have a functional death at about age 100. The two methods used, one involving mathematical calculations and one involving graphic measurements, showed that a number can be put on the pulse wave. The higher the number, theoretically the better the circulation. Then if a treatment scheme can substantially raise the patient's pulse wave number, it might be expected to increase the longevity of their circulatory system.

Limits to the observation of coherent oscillations in a SQUID ring

Using the quantum mechanical, lumped component model of a SQUID ring we compute the onset of tunnelling and macroscopic superposition behaviour in the parameter space of the ring. In addition, we make a quantitative estimate of the stability required in the environmental flux to sustain a superposition state. Both these features are of crucial importance to the realisation of experiments aimed at revealing such behaviour.

RC transmission line with nonlinear resistance: Large-signal response computation

A lumped component model for a nonlinear RC transmission line is developed with the property that its dc steady-state behavior is the same as that of the RC transmission line itself. In the course of developing the model, it is shown that no loss of generality ensues by assuming the transmission line to have constant capacitance per unit length. The modeling procedure developed is then applied to establish the particular lumped component model, subsequently analyzed, associated with the RC transmission line found in the model of a MOSFET.