LS Values Research Articles

ESTIMATION OF LENGTH AND SLOPE FACTOR (LS) AS EROSION PREDICTION IN WAY PUBIAN SUB WATERSHED

Erosion caused by land degradation is one of the main challenges to soil quality around the world. One way to prevent erosion is by analyzing the length and slope factor (LS). The increasing length of the slope causes the higher amount of cumulative runoff and also the increasing steepness of the soil slope causes the higher speed of runoff that contributes to erosion. The purpose of this research is to analyze the LS factor value of Moore and Burch (1986) method and LS Nomograph for Way Pubian Subwatershed. The research method was done with Moore and Burch method and Nomograf LS. Moore and Burch (1986) method used the flow accumulation on DEM data as the main input in ArcGIS and the result shows the LS value ranged from 0 to 765.625 with an average (mean) value of 4.427. Meanwhile, the nomograph LS method resulted in high LS values and is not compatible with the Jakarta RTL-RLKT Preparation Implementation Guidelines (1986). Slope conditions affect the amount of surface flow so that it also affects the contribution of erosion and LS value. Way Pubian sub-watershed also classified as steep, resulting in a high LS value. Based on the method of Moore and Burch (1986) using ArcGIS software, we can conclude that the results of LS factor values can be used in Indonesia compared to the nomograph LS method which the results are less suitable due to topographic factors. As a result, the LS value from Moore and Burch (1986) method can be used in erosion prediction calculation.

Unveiling Meghalaya topography: slope length gradient (LS) factor estimation for insightful soil erosion evaluation

Meghalaya is known for its complex environment due to its hilly terrain and heavy rains, which result in significant soil erosion challenges. The LS factor is the primary factor used to estimate soil loss. Acquiring accurate LS values has always been a significant challenge. The main aim of this research is to compute the LS factor in the Meghalaya region. Three methods are used to calculate the LS factor: (1) Wischmeier and Smith’s (1978) method, (2) Moore and Wilson’s (1992) method, and (3) Desmet and Gover’s (1996) method. All three approaches used the digital elevation model (DEM) in the spatial domain to determine the LS factor. The results of this investigation demonstrated significant variation in LS factor in all three methods. Wischmeier and Smith’s method yielded LS factor values ranging from 0 to 266.538, Moore and Wilson’s method resulted in values ranging from 0 to 112.631, and Desmet and Gover’s method resulted in values ranging from 0 to 683.679. This study concluded that Wischmeier and Smith’s method resulted in LS factor values distributed uniformly across the spatial domain. In contrast, Moore and Wilson’s method only yielded high values along the flow path and low values in other areas. Additionally, Desmet and Gover’s method identified high LS factors in regions with steep slopes near rivers and streamlines. This study can be helpful in anticipating soil erosion well before time and also in developing a slope management plan in the study region.

Comparison of Several Methods for Analysis Slope Length Index Factor at A Watershed Scale

Slope length and steepness factor index (LS) is one of the parameters for the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) to estimate soil erosion. Currently, several methods for LS analysis, i.e. Wischmeier-Smith, Moore-Nieber, and Desmet – Govers. This study aims to compare the Wischmeier-Smith method, Moore–Nieber method, and Desmet–Govers method to analyze LS in the watershed in Manokwari – West Papua. This research consists of 4 main stages, i.e. data inventory, watershed boundary delineation, LS analysis, and LS comparison. The research showed that the Wischmeier-Smith method gave a higher LS value than the Moore – Nieber method and the Desmet – Govers method. Meanwhile, the Desmet – Gover method gives a lower average LS value than the Wischmeier-Smith method and the Moore – Nieber method. Based on the T-test, the LS produced by the Wischmeier-Smith, Moore-Nieber, and Desmet–Govers methods has significant differences in analyzing LS in the watershed in Manokwari – West Papua. Keywords: Desmet – Govers, Moore – Nieber, Universal Soil Loss Equation, Watershed, Wischmeier-Smith

Reconciling Coulter Counter and laser diffraction particle size analysis for aquaculture monitoring

The disaggregated inorganic grain size (DIGS) of bottom sediment analyzed with a Coulter Counter (CC) has been used to show that the fraction of sediment deposited in flocs (floc fraction) increased in both the near and far field after the introduction of open cage salmon aquaculture, altering benthic habitat and species composition. As a result, DIGS was identified as a potential indicator of regional environmental changes due to aquaculture. Laser diffraction is an attractive alternative to the CC because of its greater efficiency and larger size range. To determine if a laser diffraction instrument, Beckman-Coulter LS 13 320 (LS), could replace the CC within a Canadian national aquaculture monitoring program, the DIGS of 581 samples from five different regions in eastern Canada were analyzed with an LS and a CC. Results show that the LS could not be used to calculate floc fraction. Instead, % sortable silt and the volume % of inorganic particles < 16 µm were evaluated as alternative proxies for fine sediment properties. LS and CC values for these parameters were correlated, but they were significantly different and the relationship between the instruments was dependent on the area sampled. The LS did not capture variations between areas seen in the CC DIGS data. Where the DIGS from the CC found no sorting in the finest size classes, all the LS samples had similar size distributions characterized by smooth modal peaks. The LS and CC both return values that can be used to monitor changes in the deposition of fine-grained sediment, but the LS cannot determine changes in floc deposition and caution is required if comparing different sedimentary environments.

Penggunaan Pseudosa japonica (Bambu Jepang) sebagai Sound Barrier Alami di Markas Militer Komando Pasukan Khusus

The development of the times will always be accompanied by an increase in population, so infrastructure and a comfortable place to live are needed. However, currently many residential areas are close to public facilities such as stations, highways, airports, and so on. This condition causes noise intensity. Noise intensity can cause health, psychological, communication and productivity problems. Noise is a source of anxiety or pollution, especially in big cities in Indonesia. So, efforts are needed to deal with this. One solution is a natural barrier using Japanese bamboo plants (Pseudosa japonica). Noise measurements are carried out based on the Decree of the Minister of the Environment Number 48 of 1996, namely in a simple way. This research aims to determine the effect of using noise dampening using Japanese bamboo plants and the factors that influence it From the measurements and tests that have been carried out, it is concluded that this barrier can have a significant influence on noise reduction. Noise has little effect on temperature and altitude. The reason is the position of the building is still higher than the position of the bamboo plants which serve as barriers. The highest Ls values ​​are found on Mondays and Saturdays because these 2 days are the start of community activities and the start of holidays. Based on these results, it is necessary to improve the source and arrangement of Japanese bamboo plants according to technical instructions.

In vivo axial load-share ratio measurement using a novel hexapod system for safe external fixator removal

BackgroundExternal fixation is widely used in the treatment of traumatic fractures; however, orthopedic surgeons encounter challenges in deciding the optimal time for fixator removal. The axial load-share ratio (LS) of the fixator is a quantitative index to evaluate the stiffness of callus healing. This paper introduces an innovative method for measuring the LS and assesses the method’s feasibility and efficacy. Based on a novel hexapod LS-measurement system, the proposed method is to improve the convenience and precision of measuring LS in vivo, hence facilitating the safe removal of external fixators.MethodsA novel hexapod system is introduced, including its composition, theoretical model, and method for LS measurement. We conducted a retrospective study on 82 patients with tibial fractures treated by the Taylor Spatial Frame in our hospital from September 2018 to June 2020, of which 35 took LS measurements with our novel method (Group I), and 47 were with the traditional method (Group II). The external fixator was removed when the measurement outcome (LS < 10%) was consistent with the surgeon’s diagnosis based on the clinical and radiological assessment (bone union achieved).ResultsNo significant difference was found in the fracture healing time (mean 25.3 weeks vs. 24.9 weeks, P > 0.05), frame-wearing duration (mean 25.5 weeks vs. 25.8 weeks, P > 0.05), or LS measurement frequency (mean 1.1 times vs. 1.2 times, P > 0.05). The measurement system installation time in Group I was significantly shorter compared to Group II (mean 14.8 min vs. 81.3 min, P < 0.001). The LS value of the first measurement in Group I was lower than that of Group II (mean 5.1% vs. 6.9%, P = 0.011). In Group I, the refracture rate was 0, but in Group II it was 4.3% (2/47, P > 0.05).ConclusionThe novel hexapod LS-measurement system and involved method demonstrated enhanced convenience and precision in measuring the LS of the external fixator in vivo. The LS measurement indicates the callus stiffness of fracture healing, and is applicable to evaluate the safety of removing the fixator. Consequently, it is highly recommended for widespread adoption in clinical practice.

Lower Limit of Normality of Segmental Multilayer Longitudinal Strain in Healthy Adult Subjects.

Speckle tracking echocardiography is an advanced imaging technique that allows for a more detailed assessment of cardiac global and regional function. Reference values for segmental longitudinal layered strain (subendocardial, mid-myocardial, and subepicardial) are scarce, limiting the clinical use of these measurements in clinical practice. Two hundred consecutive Caucasian healthy subjects (mean age = 37 ± 11 years) were enrolled in the study. The mean values of global longitudinal strain (GLS) for endocardial (Endo), mid-myocardial (Myo) and epicardial (Epi) layers were -22.9 ± 2.7, -20.0 ± 2.4 and -17.5 ± 2.1, respectively. The GLSEndo/GLSMyo ratio was 1.1 ± 0.05, while the GLSEndo/GLSEpi ratio was 1.3 ± 0.05. The apical strain-sparing ratio was >1 in 10% of the subjects (endocardium) and 7% (mid-myocardium). The lower limits for segmental LS were as follows: for endocardial LS, -10% (basal), -12% (mid), -14% (apical); for mid-myocardial LS, -10% -10% (basal), -10% (mid), -10% (apical); and for epicardial LS, -7% (basal), -8% (mid), -8% (apical). The findings of this study provide data regarding the lower limit of normality of LS for each LV segment and suggest, for practical considerations, that an LS value below 10% should be considered abnormal in any segment. Further larger studies are warranted to confirm these findings.

Myocardial deformation characteristics assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking in a healthy Chinese population

PurposeTo explore global/regional myocardial deformation across various layers, vascular distributions, specific levels and distinct walls in healthy individuals using cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking (CMR-FT). MethodsWe selected a cohort of 55 healthy participants and CMR cine images were used to obtain the left ventricular (LV) peak longitudinal, circumferential, radial strains (LS, CS, RS). The characteristics of normal LV strain in various layers (endocardium, myocardium, epicardium), territories [left anterior descending artery (LAD), left circumflex artery (LCX), and right coronary artery (RCA)], levels (basal, middle, apical) and walls (anterior, septum, inferior, lateral) were compared. ResultsThe absolute values of the LV global LS and CS gradually decreased from endocardium to epicardium. The absolute LV global RS (65.7 ± 47.7%) was maximum relative to LS (−22.0 ± 10.8%) and CS (−22.8 ± 7.7%). The absolute values of the LCX territorial strain were the largest compared with the LAD and RCA territorial strains. Regional RS, endo-CS and endo-LS gradually increased from the basal to the apical level. The LV lateral walls had the highest strain values (CS, LS, and RS). ConclusionsVariations in normal LV strain values across various layers, territories, levels, and walls were observed, suggesting the necessity for careful clinical interpretation of these strain values. These findings also partially revealed the complexity of normal cardiac mechanics.

5-ALA, DTA-6, and Nitrogen Mitigate NaCl Stress by Promoting Photosynthesis and Carbon Metabolism in Rice Seedlings.

A large number of dead seedlings can occur in saline soils, which seriously affects the large-scale cultivation of rice. This study investigated the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and nitrogen application on seedling growth and salt tolerance (Oryza sativa L.), which is of great significance for agricultural production practices. A conventional rice variety, "Huang Huazhan", was selected for this study. Non-salt stress treatments included 0% NaCl (CK treatment), CK + 0.05 g N/pot (N treatment), CK + 40 mg·L-1 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) (A treatment), and CK + 30 mg·L-1 diethylaminoethyl acetate (DTA-6) (D treatment). Salt stress treatments included 0.3% NaCl (S treatment), N + 0.3% NaCl (NS treatment), A + 0.3% NaCl (AS treatment), and D + 0.3% NaCl (DS treatment). When 3 leaves and 1 heart emerged from the soil, plants were sprayed with DTA-6 and 5-ALA, followed by the application of 0.3% NaCl (w/w) to the soil after 24 h. Seedling morphology and photosynthetic indices, as well as carbohydrate metabolism and key enzyme activities, were determined for each treatment. Our results showed that N, A, and D treatments promoted seedling growth, photosynthesis, carbohydrate levels, and the activities of key enzymes involved in carbon metabolism when compared to the CK treatment. The A treatment had the most significant effect, with increases in aboveground dry weight and net photosynthetic rates (Pn) ranging from 17.74% to 41.02% and 3.61% to 32.60%, respectively. Stomatal limiting values (Ls) significantly decreased from 19.17% to 43.02%. Salt stress significantly inhibited seedling growth. NS, AS, and DS treatments alleviated the morphological and physiological damage of salt stress on seedlings when compared to the S treatment. The AS treatment was the most effective in improving seedling morphology, promoting photosynthesis, increasing carbohydrate levels, and key enzyme activities. After AS treatment, increases in aboveground dry weight, net photosynthetic rate, soluble sugar content, total sucrose synthase, and amylase activities were 17.50% to 50.79%, 11.39% to 98.10%, 20.20% to 80.85%, 21.21% to 33.53%, and 22.17% to 34.19%, respectively, when compared to the S treatment. In summary, foliar sprays of 5-ALA, DTA-6, and additional nitrogen fertilizer enhanced rice seedling growth, increased photosynthesis, lowered Ls values, and improved seedling salt tolerance. Spraying two regulators, 5-ALA and DTA-6, quantitatively increased the effect of nitrogen fertilizer, with comparable effects on NaCl stress regulation. This study provides the basis for efficient agricultural production.

Pemafibrate Reduced Liver Stiffness in Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease Complicated with Hyperlipidemia and Liver Fibrosis with a Fibrosis-4 Index Above 1.3.

Aim To evaluate the effect of pemafibrate (PEM) on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Method We retrospectively evaluated 43 patients with hyperlipidemia and MASLD to determine changes in clinical factors between the start of PEM treatment and 0.5 years later. Using FibroScan, 39 of 43 patients were evaluated for liver stiffness (LS; kPa) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP; dB/m). None of the patients had decompensated cirrhosis. Result Thirty patients were women, the median age was 66 years old, the median fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score was 2.52, the median LS was 8.05 kPa, and the median CAP was 280.5 dB/m at the start of PEM treatment. AST, ALT, ALP, γGTP, and triglyceride levels decreased 0.5 years after starting PEM treatment, but FIB-4, LS, and CAP values did not decrease. However, LS decreased in patients with a FIB-4 index ≥1.3 at the start of PEM treatment, whereas it did not change in patients with a FIB-4 index <1.3. Similarly, LS decreased in patients with a value ≥8 kPa at the start of treatment and did not change in those with <8 kPa. The decreased LS group had higher baseline ALT and LS levels and lower ALT levels during 0.5 years of follow-up than the increased LS group. Conclusion At the initiation of PEM treatment, the LS decreased in patients with MASLD complicated by hyperlipidemia and moderate LS (FIB-4>1.3 or LS >8 kPa). Although there is currently no approved treatment for MASLD, PEM may be a viable treatment option for MASLD with mild LS.

The Implementation of Autocad® Civil 3D for Road Geometric Redesign on Educational Areas: A Case Leumah Neundet Bandung

Infrastructures, especially those directly related to the transportation system and has a crucial role in society is the road. “Jalan Leumah Neundeut” is a road transportation infrastructure in Sukawarna Village, Sukajadi District, Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia. It has the potential for trip attraction because it very close to the education area and passed by public transportation. This paper’s problem formulation arises based on the need for a well-road transportation infrastructure on “Jalan Leumah Neundeut”. It will be geometrically redesigned in its horizontal alignment to be as ideal as possible to fit the design criteria using AutoCAD® Civil 3D because it does not meet the design criteria, especially regarding the road spaces and lane configuration. The geometric redesign of the “Jalan Leumah Neundeut” horizontal alignment resulted in 450 meters of the total road length, 7 meters of carriageway width with 2/2 UD (undivided with two lanes and two ways) type, 60 km/hour of velocity design, S-C-S type of road curve, 47 meters of LS value, 130 meters of curve design radius, 2% of normal super-elevation, and 8% of maximum super-elevation. With the results obtained, Jalan Leumah Neundeut can maximize its potential.

Soil erosion and degradation assessment integrating multi-parametric methods of RUSLE model, RS, and GIS in the Shaqlawa agricultural area, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.

This study evaluated soil erosion rates in the Shaqlawa district using the Geographical Information System (GIS)-based Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model. The primary objective was to identify areas within the district that are prone to significant erosion and develop appropriate soil conservation schemes accordingly. A combination of primary and secondary data from diverse sources was utilized to achieve this objective. The GIS-based RUSLE model used variables like soil erodibility (K), soil coverage (C), topographic effect (LS), rainfall runoff (R), and erosion control practices (P) to estimate the amount of soil that had been washed away in the study area. The study provided valuable information that can be used to plan and administer soil protection in the Shaqlawa district. The average yearly soil loss in the study region is estimated to be 65.66 t ha-1 year-1. The district is experiencing significant soil erosion rates, which may have detrimental effects on agricultural productivity, water quality, and environmental health. The analysis revealed that Balisan, Hiran, Shaqlawa center, and part of the Salahaddin subdistrict are the most affected areas, with high values of LS and R factors contributing to significant soil erosion rates. These results underscore the importance of soil protection and management efforts in the Shaqlawa district. The combination of the RUSLE with GIS and remote sensing techniques has been recognized as an essential, cost-effective, and highly accurate approach for estimating soil erosion.

Right Ventricular Subclinical Dysfunction in SLE Patients Correlates with Metabolomic Fingerprint and Organ Damage.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease, and several studies have suggested possible early RV involvement. Aim of the study was to evaluate the 3D echo parameters of the right ventricle (RV) and the metabolomic profile to correlate both with SLE severity. Forty SLE patients, free of cardiovascular disease, were enrolled and the following 3D parameters were evaluated: the RV ejection fraction (RV-EF), longitudinal strain of the interventricular septum (Septal LS), longitudinal strain of the free wall (Free-LS) and the fractional area change (FAC). In addition, a metabolomic analysis was performed. Direct correlations were observed between TAPSE values and the RV 3D parameters. Then, when splitting the population according to the SDI value, it was found that patients with higher cumulative damage (≥3) had significantly lower FAC, RV-EF, Septal LS, and Free-LS values; the latter three parameters showed a significant correlation with the metabolic profile of the patients. Furthermore, the division based on SDI values identified different metabolic profiles related to the degree of RV dysfunction. The RV dysfunction induced by the chronic inflammatory state present in SLE can be identified early by 3D echocardiography. Its severity seems to be related to systemic organ damage and the results associated with a specific metabolic fingerprint constituted by 2,4-dihydroxybutyric acid, 3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid, citric acid, glucose, glutamine, glycine, linoleic acid, oleic acid, phosphate, urea, and valine.

Myocardial Strain during Surveillance Screening Is Associated with Future Cardiac Dysfunction among Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent and Young Adult-Onset Cancer.

Cardiovascular disease is a leading contributor to mortality among childhood, adolescent and young adult (C-AYA) cancer survivors. While serial cardiovascular screening is recommended in this population, optimal screening strategies, including the use of echocardiography-based myocardial strain, are not fully defined. Our objective was to determine the relationship between longitudinal and circumferential strain (LS, CS) and fractional shortening (FS) among survivors. This single-center cohort study retrospectively measured LS and CS among C-AYAs treated with anthracycline/anthracenedione chemotherapy. The trajectory of LS and CS values over time were examined among two groups of survivors: those who experienced a reduction of >5 fractional shortening (FS) units from pre-treatment to the most recent echocardiogram, and those who did not. Using mixed modeling, LS and CS were used to estimate FS longitudinally. A receiver operator characteristic curve was generated to determine the ability of our model to correctly predict an FS ≤ 27%. A total of 189 survivors with a median age of 14 years at diagnosis were included. Among the two survivor groups, the trajectory of LS and CS differed approximately five years from cancer diagnosis. A statistically significant inverse relationship was demonstrated between FS and LS -0.129, p = 0.039, as well as FS and CS -0.413, p < 0.001. The area under the curve for an FS ≤ 27% was 91%. Among C-AYAs, myocardial strain measurements may improve the identification of individuals with cardiotoxicity, thereby allowing earlier intervention.

Comparative analysis of estimation of slope-length gradient (LS) factor for entire Afghanistan

Slope length gradient (LS) is one of the crucial factors in the Universal Soil Loss Equations (USLE, RUSLE). This study aimed at estimating the slope-length and slope-steepness (LS) factor for the entire watersheds of Afghanistan by using three different methods, namely; (1) LS-TOOLMFD (Method 1); (2) The Method of Equations (Method 2); and (3) The approach of Moore and Burch (Method 3). The first method uses the digital elevation model (DEM) in the ASCII format, and the other two methods use the DEM in the spatial domain. The results show that the LS-factor of the study area ranges from 0.01 to 44.31, with a mean of 5.24 and standard deviation of 6.95, according to Method 1; 0.03 to 163.49, with a mean of 9.6 and standard deviation of 13.58, according to Method 2; and 0 to 3985, with a mean of 7.16 and standard deviation of 29.7, according to Method 3. The study reveals that Methods 1 and 2 are more appropriate than Method 3 because Method 3 yields high LS-factor values close to or at streamlines located near mountainous regions. The highest LS values are found to be in the northeast, north, and central regions of Afghanistan, which is consistent with the high mountains and deep valley geomorphology, indicating that these regions are particularly vulnerable to soil erosion by rainfall-runoff processes. The sediment delivery ratio (SDR) for the Upper-Helmand River Basin (Upper-HRB) is also estimated by the RUSLE, employing the LS factors produced by the three methods. The results revealed that the average annual soil loss is found to be, respectively, 9.3, 18.2, and 11.1 (ton/ha/year) by using the three methods, corresponding to SDR of 23.5%, 12.1%, and 19.9%. Abbreviations: ABD: Asian Development Bank; ASCII: American Standard Code for Information Interchange; Bsh: cold semiarid steppes; Bsk: cold semiarid steppes; Bwh: warm and cold deserts; Bwk: warm and cold deserts; CMS: Convention on Migratory Species; Csa: humid subtropical; Csb: Mediterranean; D: humid continental; DEM: Digital Elevation Model; ET: extreme tundra; GCS: Geographical Coordinate System; GIS: Geographic Information System; GUI: Graphically User Interface; Ha: Hectare; HMRB: Harirod-Murghab River Basin; HRB: Helmand River Basin; KRB: Kabul River Basin; LS: Slope–Length and Slope–Steepness; Masl: meters above sea level; MFD: Multiple-Flow Direction; NRB: Northern River Basin; PARB: Panj-Amu Darya River Basin; RUSLE: Revised Universal Soil Loss Equations; SDR: Sediment Delivery Ratio; SFD: Single–Flow Direction; SRTM: Shuttle Radar Topography Mission; SY: Sediment Yield; UCA: Unit Contributing Area; USGS: United States Geological-Survey; USLE: Universal Soil Loss Equations

Lutein–stachyose (LS) amphiphilic oligosaccharide derivatives improve the oral bioavailability of lutein

A new amphiphilic oligosaccharide derivative, based on lutein modification onto the OH position of stachyose with facile and mild esterification, was prepared and used to improve the oral bioavailability of lutein. The structures of lutein–stachyose derivative (LS) were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance, indicating that one stachyose is connected to one lutein through succinic acid. The critical micelle concentration of LS was approximately 6.86 ± 0.24 mg/mL, corresponding to the free lutein concentration of approximately 2.96 mg/mL. LS has better digestive stability and free radical scavenging ability, and it could inhibit the degradation of lutein in the gastrointestinal tract. Importantly, LS is nontoxic to cells and zebrafish embryos. In terms of oral bioavailability in rats, the AUC0-12h values of LS were 2.26 times higher than those of free lutein. Therefore, stachyose modification is a promising strategy for improving the oral bioavailability of fat-soluble lutein.

Perencanaan Pengendalian Erosi dan Sedimentasi di DAS Waduk Nawangan Kabupaten Wonogiri Jawa Tengah

awangan Reservoir accommodates flow of water that is useful for irrigation, resulting in sediment carried by the water flow causing dead storage to be filled with sediment, indicating the reservoir's useful life has been exceeded. This studyoaims to calculate the rate ofoerosion and sedimentation, level ofoerosionohazard and land criticality in an effort to increase the usefulilifeiofithe reservoir that has been exceeded. Also propose handling in the Nawangan watershed that is predicted as a way to manage the troubles. The erosion rate became calculatedousingotheoUSLE. The data needed are rainfall for erosivity (R), soil type for erodibility value (K), slope for LS value, and land use for CP coefficient. The result erosion rate before handling is 70.445.74 tons/ha/year, the SDR calculation it is estimated the sediment is 6.298.19 tons/year. Knowing of the erosion rate, the proposed conservation management uses 2 methods, namely the vegetation and mechanical strategy. The calculation after handling obtained erosion rate is 7.547.03 tons/ha/year with a sediment of 674.74 tons/year. TBE analysis results obtained very light 59,20%, mild 15,77%, moderate 5,72%, subtantial 13,41%, very subtantial 5,91%. The estimation results obtained the useful life of the reservoir by 5 years.

Perencanaan Pengendalian Erosi dan Sedimentasi di DAS Waduk Nawangan Kabupaten Wonogiri Jawa Tengah

awangan Reservoir accommodates flow of water that is useful for irrigation, resulting in sediment carried by the water flow causing dead storage to be filled with sediment, indicating the reservoir's useful life has been exceeded. This studyoaims to calculate the rate ofoerosion and sedimentation, level ofoerosionohazard and land criticality in an effort to increase the usefulilifeiofithe reservoir that has been exceeded. Also propose handling in the Nawangan watershed that is predicted as a way to manage the troubles. The erosion rate became calculatedousingotheoUSLE. The data needed are rainfall for erosivity (R), soil type for erodibility value (K), slope for LS value, and land use for CP coefficient. The result erosion rate before handling is 70.445.74 tons/ha/year, the SDR calculation it is estimated the sediment is 6.298.19 tons/year. Knowing of the erosion rate, the proposed conservation management uses 2 methods, namely the vegetation and mechanical strategy. The calculation after handling obtained erosion rate is 7.547.03 tons/ha/year with a sediment of 674.74 tons/year. TBE analysis results obtained very light 59,20%, mild 15,77%, moderate 5,72%, subtantial 13,41%, very subtantial 5,91%. The estimation results obtained the useful life of the reservoir by 5 years.

The Link Road Design of Jalan Plupuh Tanon And Jalan Gabugan Section 1, Sragen Indonesia

Easy community life, both in terms of economic, social, educational, and others, is the purpose of designing and constructing access roads or connecting roads. In addition, road design must consider safety aspects to achieve safe, balanced, and sustainable road performance. In this study, a manual horizontal alignment road design was carried out to link the road of Jalan Plupuh Tanon and Jalan Gabugan Sragen Section 1 from STA 0 + 000 to STA 2 + 257,221 with the planning of three bend points guided by Highway Design Standard of Indonesia 2021. Primary data in the form of coordinates and contours are taken from Google Earth and the Global Mapper. The design starts by managing primary data and calculating the elements that make up the horizontal alignment so that a road with a design speed of 30 km/h is obtained, the value of e = 8%, and a radius of 200 m. Three horizontal alignment points use a Spiral-Circle-Spiral (SCS) arch with an intermediate curve (Ls) value of 38 m and a circular arch (Lc) of 44.229 m, respectively.

Predictors of happiness: regression modeling as a basis for determining the necessary actions and decisions

Identifying predictors of subjective well-being (happiness)-LS is one of the tasks of economics of happiness – a new direction of interdisciplinary scientific research. This is due to the recognition of the happiness of the population as a priority of state policy in accordance with the principle of people-centeredness in the 5.0 economy. The purpose of the study was to conduct a multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) and identify the most significant predictors, to carry out experimental model calculations for Ukraine in order to determine the vectors and priorities of state efforts. The information base of the study was a sample of data from the World Happiness Report and The IMD World Competitiveness Ranking for 2021 for 54 countries of the world. The originality of the research consists in conducting the MLRA as a whole for all sample cranes and separately for 2 subgroups of countries (“Rich countries” and “Poor countries”), separated by the criterion of objective well-being – the average GDP per capita (40 thousand dollars)). Statistically significant regression models with a high value of the correlation and determination coefficient were obtained, which link the dependent variable LS and its predictors. It is statistically confirmed that the predictors of happiness are: SS – social support, HLE – healthy life expectancy, FLS – freedom to make life choices, GDP – GDP per capita; for the subgroup “Affluent countries” – SS – social support, DI – female/male income ratio, InfrHealth – health care infrastructure, G – generosity (listed in descending order of influence). The quality of the built model for the subgroup “Poor countries” is recognized as low, it is recommended to use the general model. Experimental calculations of the predictive value of the dependent variable LS for Ukraine were carried out when individual predictors were changed. The obtained results should be the basis for the development of a state program for increasing the happiness of Ukrainians in the course of the post-war revival of Ukraine.