Low Self-esteem Research Articles

The Influence of Stress and Inactivity on Health: An Ayurvedic Perspective

Sedentary behavior, defined as activity that involves little to no movement of the body and, consequently, low energy expenditure, has recently gained attention as a potential indicator of the physical and mental health of adult populations. Sedentary behavior has been linked to mental health problems like anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. These days, life is extremely busy - almost chaotic. Despite our increased productivity, we still feel there is never enough time to accomplish our true goals. This extremely rapid pace and the pressure that follows to "get things done" are serious issues that have a deeper impact on our bodies and minds than we may realize. We are all making ourselves sick by stressing about something that is not even a small inconvenience. The body contains thousands of homeostatic regulatory mechanisms. Among the most crucial ones are the control of body temperature, the maintenance of cell nutrition, the removal of waste, and the proper balance of hormones. So, the term "stress" is fairly wide and can take many various forms, it can interfere with several vital physiological processes.

The content and application of the lay theory of self-esteem

ABSTRACT In research using close-ended measures, people evaluate individuals labeled as having low self-esteem (LSE) more negatively than those with high self-esteem (HSE). The present research found participants’ open-ended descriptions of LSE and HSE were just as polarized. Although participants saw a negative side to HSE (self-absorption; Studies 1 and 2) and when directly prompted saw a positive side to LSE (humble; Study 2), they did not consistently apply these complementary perspectives when forming impressions of targets (Study 3). Instead, participants viewed HSE targets more positively across almost all traits. Although people can list a dark side to HSE and a bright side to LSE, when asked to form an impression, people see a halo on the heads of HSE targets.

Perfectionism and Suicidal Ideation in Outpatient Depressed Adults: The Moderating Role of Self-Esteem, Loneliness and Rumination

IntroductionIdentifying factors that contribute to the development of suicidal ideation (SI) is crucial for prevention and treatment. Perfectionistic Concerns (PC) represent the experience of external pressure to be perfect and have been consistently linked to SI, but it is unclear how PC and SI are associated in depressed adults. This study examined the association between PC and SI and whether self-esteem, loneliness and rumination (brooding, reflection and depression-related rumination) moderated this association in a clinical sample.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used a psychiatric outpatient sample of depressed adults, selected for the presence of SI. In total 110 adults (mean age 33.54 (SD = 12.03) and 60% female) participated in this study. Associations were estimated by regression analyses.ResultsPC was not associated with SI in the sample (r = .16, p = .087). However, high levels of PC in combination with low self-esteem (β = -.29, p = .007) or with high levels of depression-related rumination (β = .22, p = .017) were positively associated with SI. Loneliness, brooding and reflection did not moderate the PC-SI relationship.DiscussionThese findings underline the importance of taking into account the individual characteristics in depressed, perfectionistic individuals when estimating SI severity and selecting the focus of intervention. Due to the cross-sectional design no causal inferences can be made.

“Everything has to be done in the Polish way”: creativity barriers experienced by innovators in a post-Soviet society

Innovators from post-Soviet transition societies experience barriers to creativity different from those experienced by inventors in developed countries. Since there has been little research into this subject so far, this article is an attempt to fill this gap. The aim of the study is to explore the mindset and environmental creativity hurdles experienced by Polish innovators as the representatives of post-Soviet states. The data was collected through individual in-depth interviews. Sixteen innovators from Białystok, a city in the Eastern part of Poland, were interviewed. The findings show that innovators experience both individual and environmental hurdles in their creativity actions. In the case of mindset barriers, the feeling of low self-esteem and lack of appropriate knowledge are listed as the most significant barriers, especially at the beginning of the career. The study has shown that although individual barriers hinder creative work, innovators make successful attempts to overcome them. Environmental blocks, however, have the most detrimental influence on innovators’ creativity and are the most difficult to overcome. Among these barriers innovators mention the characteristics of homo sovieticus mentality, such as informal relations, nepotism, and lack of trust among academics and businesspeople. The study supports the hypothesis that the post-Soviet culture largely determines the low innovation level in Eastern European countries.

The Interaction between Self-Esteem, Perceived Gender Discrimination and Employment Motivation: A Log-Linear Analysis

This study analyzes the relationships between self-esteem, perceived gender discrimination, and employment motivation. Results show that individuals not perceiving gender discrimination are 3.66 times more prevalent than those who do. Individuals who see the purpose of employment as a way to improve themselves are 1.8 times more motivated than those who want to contribute meaningfully to society. Self-improvement is a stronger motivator than contributing to society, and income-focused individuals show 2.8 times higher motivation. Those with low self-esteem aspiring to contribute to society are 2.6 times more likely to be motivated than those focusing on self-improvement. Achieving gender equality and preventing discrimination can enhance personal development and societal contributions, leading to increased individual success and social welfare. The motivations of self-development and usefulness to society make the strongest contribution to an individual's self-esteem. These motives are related to inner satisfaction and social recognition.

Loneliness in College Students

Introduction: Loneliness among college students is quite prevalent. Students in their early years experience a transition period when entering university. Conditions with a new living environment, a new social environment, adjustments to peer relations, and a new academic atmosphere, support the occurrence of loneliness conditions in students. This study aims to understand loneliness in college student Methods: Literature ReviewResults: College students have a greater risk of experiencing loneliness. The impact of loneliness on students is also quite significant, both physically and psychologically. Loneliness can affect mental conditions of depression, anxiety, suicide, and low self-esteem which will ultimately lead to a decrease in quality of life. The physical effects of loneliness can also result in prolonged feelings of fatigue, limited physical activity, cardiovascular disorders, and unhealthy lifestyles which ultimately also have an impact on decreasing quality of life. Intervention and prevention to overcome loneliness are urgently needed, such as improving social skills, overcoming and adapting maladaptive social cognition, increasing social support, mindfulness interventions, and improving friendships. Conclusions: Prevention programs for loneliness are very important to implement. Such an intervention could help reduce the burden of the disease in students’ future professional lives. Keywords: Loneliness, Well-Being, College Students

Influence of perceived impostorism on self-esteem and anxiety among University Nursing Students: Recommendations to implement mentorship program

ABSTRACT Background: The imposter phenomenon (IP) involves feelings of intellectual fraudulence and phoniness in challenging new roles. IP feelings are associated with low self-esteem and anxiety in nursing students, especially during transition or early stages of nursing training. This research aims to find out the prevalence of IP and its relation with self-esteem and anxiety among nursing undergraduates. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional survey randomly selected nursing students from the six established nursing institutions in Uttarakhand state. Three hundred eight (n = 308) participants completed the survey questionnaires, which included a structured socio-demographic sheet, the Clance Imposter Phenomenon Scale (CIPS), the Generalized Anxiety Scale-7 (GAS-7), and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES). Appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics were used to generate the results. Results: The mean age of the students was 20.93 (SD = 1.09) years. The mean CIPS score was 58.57 (SD = 10.69). Frequent to intense feelings of impostorism were reported by 43.4%, and 51.3% reported at least moderate IP feelings. Further, second-year students than third year, on average, significantly reported higher scores on imposter phenomenon (P < 0.001), anxiety (P = 0.006), and lower scores on self-esteem (P = 0.018). As predicted, CIPS scores correlated positively with GAS-7 (r = -.340, P < 0.01) and negatively with RSES (r = -.307, P < 0.01). A multiple regression model predicting the imposter phenomenon with self-esteem demonstrated a negative main effect of self-esteem (P < 0.001) and significant two-way interaction. Conclusions: A higher proportion of the students reported feelings of imposter phenomenon. Low self-esteem was reported as a strong predictor of IP. Institutional strategies such as mentorship, supervised education, and early screening of psychological issues could be preventive and promotive strategies. Future research is recommended to identify the cause of poor IP in students.

Pengaruh Aktivitas Kerajinan Tangan terhadap Self Esteem pada Pasien Skizofrenia

Background: Schizophrenia is a severe thought process disorder with both positive and negative symptoms. Positive symptoms include delusions, hallucinations and thought disorder. Negative symptoms of schizophrenia include shallow affectivity, withdrawal from society and lack of willpower. The problem in schizophrenia patients that often arises is low self-esteem. This causes patients to interact less socially with their environment due to shyness and hallucinations. Schizophrenia patients avoid other people and crowds caused by low self esteem. Handicrafts are a solution to improve self-esteem, productivity, creativity, and motivation. Objectives: This study aims to determine the effect of handicrafts on self esteem in schizophrenia patients. Methods: This research is a quantitative research of pre-experimental model using one group pretest-posttest design. The sample population of this study were patients in the psychosocial rehabilitation unit of Dr. Arif Zainuddin Surakarta Hospital. Sampling using purposive sampling technique with a total of 22 samples. Hypothesis testing using paired sample t-test with the help of the SPSS version 25. Results: Based on the results of data analysis, the p-value hypothesis test was 0.000 (<0.05). These results indicate that handicrafts affect self esteem in schizophrenia patients. Conclusion: Handicraft activities affect self esteem in schizophrenia patients at RSJD Dr. Arif Zainudin Surakarta. Keywords: Handicrafts, Schizophrenia, Self esteem

Acceptance and the influencing factors towards intermittent self-catheterisation among patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction in China: a multicentre cross-sectional study

ObjectivesThe psychological acceptance of intermittent self-catheterisation (ISC) significantly impacts its initial adoption and long-term compliance among patients. However, our understanding of this acceptance remains limited. This study aims to investigate...

The Impact of Social Media on Mental Health: A Comprehensive Review

Introduction: This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted relationship between social media use and mental health, highlighting its positive and negative effects. While social media fosters connectivity and mental health awareness, excessive use has been linked to adverse outcomes such as anxiety, depression, and cyberbullying. It is utilizing theoretical frameworks such as Social Comparison Theory and the personal Model.Objectives: This study examines how curated online interactions influence psychological well-being. Methods: A systematic scoping review was conducted, encompassing recent studies from 2019 onward. Results: Findings reveal that age, developmental stage, and usage patterns significantly moderate the effects of social media on mental health. Emerging concerns include Fear of Missing Out (FOMO), sleep disturbances, and low self-esteem, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Despite its challenges, social media presents opportunities for mental health support through peer networks and online interventions. Conclusions: This review underscores the need for tailored strategies, digital literacy programs, and policy regulations to mitigate risks and maximize social media’s potential for positive mental health outcomes. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies, cross-cultural analyses, and innovative digital interventions to address gaps in understanding the complexities of social media's impact on mental health.

Prevalence, predictors, perception of loneliness among medical undergraduates.

BackgroundTransition from high school to a medical school can be a challenging period for students.Life in a medical school can be very demanding with high academic pressures along with the risk of getting isolated in the new environment. As loneliness can lead to psychiatric ailments and physical disorders ,identifying and addressing the problem among medical students is the need of the hour. The authors aim was to find out the prevalence of loneliness and its various predictors among medical undergraduates. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 medical undergraduates in a private university in Maharashtra. Prevalence of loneliness was assessed using 11 item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness scale. A semi structured questionnaire was used to find out the demographic and social variables, health and study variables. ResultsAmong the 500 medical undergraduates, 450 students willingly participated. After excluding 30 students who were part of the pilot study, a total of 407 responses were taken for analysis and the rest not considered due to missing data. Sixty one percent of participants reported feeling moderately lonely, and 23.6% reported feeling severely lonely. Having financial insecurities (p=0.030) ,being a female student(p=0.01) , struggling childhood experience (p=0.003) being an introvert (p=0.006) with low self-esteem (p=0.005) and language barrier (p=0.009) less physical activity (p=0.004) more social anxiety (p=0.00) were all associated with loneliness in our study. More number of female participants perceived loneliness as a problem when compared to males (p=0.004). ConclusionPrevalence of loneliness is very high among medical undergraduates. They are more vulnerable, so various remedial measures to help reduce loneliness among them need to be addressed.

Does insecurity lead to Envy? The longitudinal interplay between dispositional envy and Self-Esteem

Despite evidence of a close, cross-sectional association between dispositional envy and low self-esteem, there is no research on the mutual development of these two constructs across time. The aim of the present research was to systematically investigate correlated change and prospective effects between dispositional envy and self-esteem at the global level and within comparison domains. In two preregistered longitudinal studies across 6 years (Ntotal > 7,000 adult participants), change in dispositional envy was negatively correlated with concurrent self-esteem change at the global level and within domains. Moreover, we found preliminary evidence that self-esteem predicted later change in dispositional envy but not vice versa. Our findings illustrate that the development of dispositional envy is closely intertwined with self-esteem development.

A community-based peer-facilitated psychological and social support model to improve retention in care among Cameroonian adolescents perinatally infected with human immunodeficiency virus: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundPsychological and social support for adolescents living with HIV remains undocumented and unaddressed in Central Africa. This study aimed at assessing effectiveness of a peer-facilitated community-based support model in improving retention in care among adolescents living with HIV and attending care in Chantal Biya Foundation, Yaounde, Cameroon. Materials and methodsWe conducted an analysis of adolescents aged 10–19 years old, perinatally infected with HIV, on follow-up in the Day Care Unit of a reference hospital in Yaounde, Cameroon, and enrolled in the IAS-CIPHER-2021/1214-ATE-SMAVI, a individually randomized controlled trial. While the control arm only received routine care in the health facility, the intervention arm, in addition, was assigned to an HIV association for sustained support model, including support groups, leisure workshops and home visits. Structured questionnaires, including validated French versions of mental health scales, were quarterly administered to the study participants in both study arms by trained healthcare providers. The main outcome was maintaining retention in care beyond the first 15-month period of the study start. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models were fitted to assess association between intervention and outcome. Hazard Ratio (HR) across categories of exposure variables were compared using Wald's test. p-value <0.05 was considered significant. ResultsIn total, 305 adolescents were recruited in the study at a median age of 15.2 years old, including 162 (53.1 %) females and 153 individuals in the intervention arm. Mental health troubles were prevalent: severe depression (26.9 %), high or very high anxiety (28.9 %), and low self-esteem (84.9 %). Noteworthy, all of the baseline characteristics were balanced irrelevant to the study arm. Probability of maintaining good retention in care beyond the first 15-month period of study start remained higher in the intervention arm (82.0 % [95 %CI: 73.7 %-88.4 %]) versus the control arm (71.0 % [95 %CI: 63.2 %-78.1 %]), [cHR (95 %CI): 2.0 (1.1–3.3), p=0.044]. ConclusionsCapacity should be built in terms of implementing community-based peer-facilitated support groups in local organizations providing care to adolescents living with HIV.

Conceptualizing pathways to depression and anxiety in autistic youth using the cognitive and behavioral model of low self-esteem

Conceptualizing pathways to depression and anxiety in autistic youth using the cognitive and behavioral model of low self-esteem

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Facial Cosmetic Procedure Among Females in Karbala Governorate,2022-2023

Background: The number of female cosmetic procedures performed in Iraq has increased significantly. Both surgical and non-surgical procedures are referred to as cosmetic procedures. For example, rhinoplasty, surgical face-lift, blepharoplasty and others, referred to surgical procedures. In contrast, dermal filler, Botox and other minimal invasive cosmetic procedures refer to as non-surgical procedures. this study aimed to determine knowledge, attitude and practice of facial cosmetic procedures among females in Karbala Governorate, 2022-2023. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with 315 participants who were 18 years old and above was done in Karbala city. Two categories were used as sample sources (college students and teachers) using self-administered questionnaire. The statistical analysis was performed using (SPSS 23.0 for Windows). Significance level was considered when p-value is less than 0.05. Results: the findings indicate a higher percentage (98.7%) of the study participants have heard about facial cosmetic procedures and the main information source was the social They reported that Filler, Rhinoplasty and Botox were the main three types of facial cosmetic procedures available in Karbala city. Two thirds of the participants agreed that low self-esteem makes people to undergo facial cosmetic procedure. Personal desire was the primary source of motivation to undergone facial cosmetic Conclusions: About (86.6%) of the participants had good knowledge and only (12.4%) of them had negative attitude whereas (76.2%) and (11.4%) had neutral and positive attitude.

FOMO in Modern Societies: Digital Addiction and Its Psychological-Sociological Effects

In today's world, where digitalization is transforming social structures, there is an increasing effort to be constantly online and present on social media. In this case, individuals are experiencing the FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) phenomenon. Out) phenomenon. With the rise of digitalization and social media in modern societies, this phenomenon has become widespread and its impact on individuals and therefore on societies has become more apparent. FOMO by fostering the perpetual cycle feature, which in turn creates negative psychological effects such as anxiety, stress, burnout and low self-esteem in individuals. Digital change triggers the experience of always being up to date in the social environment and making comparisons with other individuals, which negatively affects overall life satisfaction. It is argued that simple methods such as digital detox, temporary interventions at home and restructuring digital media use can be effective in coping with FOMO. In this context, individuals' better management of their digital lives plays an important role in reducing the negative effects of FOMO. At the same time, our study will discuss how social media is redefining relationships between individuals, how it is changing perceptions of status and social acceptance today, and how FOMO is shaping both mental health and social roles.

The influence of social media on adolescent mental health and substance abuse patterns

Adolescents' widespread use of social media has become a serious public health issue, especially considering its effects on substance abuse and mental health. The aim of this review is to examine the complex relationship between the use of social media, mental health issues, and the rise in substance abuse among teenagers. An overview of social media engagement trends is given at the start, emphasising that teenagers are among the most frequent users and that platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and Snapchat are essential to their social lives. According to recent studies, high social media use has been linked to a rise in mental health conditions, such as anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. The prevalent behaviours of social comparison, cyberbullying, and validation-seeking in online interactions exacerbate mental health challenges. The review also explored the patterns of substance abuse among adolescents, with particular attention to the use of alcohol, tobacco, and illegal narcotics. Peer pressure, family dynamics, early substance exposure, and other factors have been identified as contributing factors to substance misuse. A critical analysis is conducted on the function that social media plays in normalising substance use, since media portrayals of substance use can glamourise these behaviours and make them seem socially acceptable to impressionable teens. The ways in which peer pressure and heightened stress are two of the methods through which social media impact substance abuse are examined, offering a thorough grasp of the difficulties that young people today face. The urgent need for multifaceted interventions that address social media use and mental health education is emphasised in the review's conclusion. Along with programs to promote digital literacy and ethical social media usage, recommendations are made for parents, schools, and policymakers to reduce the risks associated with social media use. The results highlight the need for additional investigation into the complex interactions among social media, mental health, and substance addiction and support cooperative endeavours aimed at safeguarding and enabling young people in the digital age.

Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavior Therapy in Enhancing Self-Esteem Among Schizophrenia Patients at Dr. Soeharto Heerdjan Psychiatric Hospital, Jakarta in 2024

BACKGROUND : Schizophrenia patients often experience low self- esteem which requires modality therapy, one of modality therapy for the patients with mental disorders is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). AIMS : The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy in increasing self-esteem. and abilities in Schizophrenia patients. METHOD : This research method is quasi-experimental with one group pre-post design with control. The data was analyzed by Paired t test. The research was conducted in one hospital on 50 control patients and 50 intervention patients. RESULT : The research results showed that cognitive behavior therapy significantly reduced signs and symptoms in clients with low self-esteem (P-value ≤ 0.05 ). The comparison of self-esteem scores in the intervention group was significantly higher compared to the control group (P-value ≤ 0.05 ). CONCLUSION : Conclusions and suggestions: Cognitive behavior therapy is effective for patients with low self-esteem because it can increase self-esteem and abilities in patients with schizophrenia. Future researchers should conduct research using cognitive behavior therapy without providing psychotherapy.

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Nepali version of Sexual Interest and Satisfaction Scale (SIS): a cross-sectional study

Background and objectiveIndividuals with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) rank regaining sexual function as their top priority. Sexual dissatisfaction often leads to low self-esteem, reduced intimacy, and relationship difficulties and hence forms an essential part of the rehabilitation process. In Nepal, where people generally hold fairly traditional views about sex and sexual health, a sexual outcome measure that is culturally sensitive is a must for addressing sexual problems. No study has yet been carried out to investigate the impact of SCI on sexual attitudes and satisfaction in Nepal. Therefore, this study aims to translate and cross-culturally adapt the Sexual Interest and Satisfaction Scale (SIS) in the Nepali language.Methods(1) Forward translation: Three translators translated the English version of SIS into Nepali. (2) Synthesis: The three translated versions were synthesized into a draft version. (3) Expert committee review: The expert committee meetings were held to reach a consensus for a sensible and applicable pre-final version of SIS. (4) Pre-test: The pre-final version of SIS was tested on 25 individuals with SCI. Their opinions and comprehension were documented for each question, and subsequent modifications were made to form the final version of Nepali SIS (SIS-NP). The internal consistency of SIS-NP was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha.ResultsThe translation and cross-cultural adaptation segregated the questions into two divisions: first, which could be answered by everyone irrespective of their sexual partner status, and second, which could only be answered by those with a sexual partner. No changes were made to the original questions; however, essential clarifications and definitions were added. A total of 66 individuals with SCI participated to evaluate internal consistency with a median duration of injury of 9.5 years (IQR = 9.25). Unmarried participants accounted for 40% (n = 27). Internal consistency was found to be 0.74.ConclusionSIS was translated to Nepali, adapting standard recommended guidelines. SIS-NP demonstrated adequate internal consistency to be used in SCI.

Psychological and sexual problems among women with hysterectomy at Baghdad City

Hysterectomy is one of the most common gynecological operations done worldwide. Early diagnosis of the psychosexual effects of a hysterectomy and the fast application of appropriate treatment can prevent further worsening and persistence of symptoms, especially with respect to higher levels of anxiety, depression, lower self-esteem, and sexual impact after a hysterectomy. The aim of this study was to assess the psychological and sexual problems of women with hysterectomy. A descriptive study was carried out from March 1, 2023 to May 25, 2023 to determine the level of psychosexual problems experienced by women after hysterectomy. A purposive (non-probability) sample of 120 women who visited the outpatient clinic at Baghdad Teaching Hospital and a private gynecological clinic was selected for the study. Data were collected using a constructed questionnaire and self-administration report process for each woman. The questionnaire was prepared by an investigator to achieve the objectives of the study, which consisted of two parts: the first part addressed demographic characteristics of women and the second part consisted of 32 items describing the psychosexual problems of women with hysterectomy. The validity of the questionnaire was determined by a panel of experts and reliability was assessed by using the statistically acceptable alpha correlation coefficient (r = 89) s. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis (frequency, percentage, mean, and mean score). The results of the study showed that women had moderate levels of anxiety, depression, and self-esteem, with the mean score being 2.33, 2.32, and 2.22, respectively, and had moderate levels of sexual problems, with the mean score being 2.39. The study concluded that psychological examination should be performed before women have a hysterectomy and support in coping after a hysterectomy is required to reduce the persistence of the psychological impact.